In addition, the prisoner’s age – a mere seventeen years – and his otherwise unstained character, may also be offered in mitigation. The acts for which Mr Macrae has been found guilty were quite out of character and there is every reason to suppose that, given his exceptional gifts, after a period of incarceration he might live a productive and fruitful life.
If we measure our society by the compassion we extend to all its members, then it must be admitted that in extending such compassion to the most wretched amongst us, we demonstrate our fidelity to the most civilised Christian values. It is in this spirit that I petition your Lordship to extend clemency to the person of Roderick John Macrae.
May it therefore please the Lord Advocate to take this Memorial into his most favourable consideration, and thereafter to advise Her Most Gracious Majesty to exercise her royal prerogative to the effect of commuting the sentence passed upon the prisoner.
[Signed] Mr Andrew Sinclair esq.
Solicitor to the prisoner.
The petition was submitted on Monday the 13th of September and on the same day, the Inverness Courier printed John Murdoch’s article, ‘What we have learned from this case’. Murdoch began by reflecting on his experience in the court-room, describing Roddy as ‘a forlorn individual, whom to look at one would suppose had no connection to the proceedings around him. Whether this was due to a callous indifference or an alienation of the mind; or whether this attitude was affected or real, I am not qualified to say. But neither am I convinced that entrusting the task of resolving this question to fifteen honest, but equally unqualified, jurors is the most prudent means to serve justice in a case of this character.’ Murdoch went on to discuss Roddy’s memoir. His account was, he wrote, ‘by turns both shocking and affecting, and certainly does not appear to have been written with a view to winning the prisoner’s release. Nevertheless, the eloquence and intellect it displays stand in stark contrast to the bloody deeds it ultimately describes; and if nothing else, there seems a madness in this.’ Murdoch fell short of directly appealing for the commutation of Roddy’s sentence, instead expressing in a general way that the law as it stood was ‘inadequate to deal with proceedings of this nature. Our highest legal minds should, with alacrity, reconsider our procedures in relation to cases which hinge on the sanity or otherwise of the accused, and until such a review can be conducted,’ he wrote, ‘it would be unseemly to send a man to the gallows.’
Mr Murdoch also wrote the same day to Lord Moncrieff and, although the letter has been lost, it is reasonable to assume that it expressed similar sentiments.
On receipt of Mr Sinclair’s appeal, the Lord Advocate would have been obliged to communicate with the trial judges and with the General Registrar for Scotland, William Pitt Dundas, but whatever the contents of their correspondence, events quickly took over.
John Murdoch had lodged Roddy’s manuscript with a local printer, Alexander Clarke. What appeared, however, was not a complete printing of the 50,000-word document, but a twenty-four-page chapbook comprising the most gruesome and sensational passages. Within days, scores of other, greatly bastardised, versions were printed up and down the country. The most notorious of these was entitled HIS BLOODY PROJECT: the RAVINGS of a MURDERER, printed by William Grieve of Glasgow. His Bloody Project ran to a mere sixteen pages and consisted of little more than Roddy’s description of the murders; his killing of Lachlan Mackenzie’s sheep (followed by the line, ‘It was at this moment I discovered my taste for cracking skulls, and resolved that I would not be long in indulging it again.’); together with a wholly fictional passage in which Roddy ‘wickedly defiled’ a twelve-year-old Flora Broad. The pamphlet sold tens of thousands of copies in a matter of days. Various gruesome cartoons, etchings and ballads (most notably On This Fine Morning, I Killed Three by Thomas Porter) followed, and rather than becoming a cause célèbre, Roddy became a national bogeyman. The irony that all these productions portrayed Roddy as being quite out of his mind must have been entirely lost on those who devoured them.
In all likelihood, Mr Sinclair’s scheme never had any chance of success. There were no legal failings to which he could point, nor could he reasonably argue that the conviction was unsafe in evidence. His hope that the publication of Roddy’s memoir would lead to a surge of popular support for his petition was, it must be said, hopelessly naïve. Nonetheless, there was no other course of action open to him and it speaks well of him that he supposed that the public would embrace Roddy as he had.
In any case, the following week, Mr Sinclair received a courteous, but perfunctory reply from Lord Moncrieff stating that ‘there being nothing amiss either in evidence or in the conduct of the trial’, he was under no obligation to consider an appeal for clemency. ‘Such talents that you claim for the accused, whether real or not, can play no part in the consideration of the Law.’ And, thus, the capital sentence was confirmed.
Mr Sinclair continued to visit Roddy on a daily basis. He found him in a general state of torpor, with ‘no appetite either for food or conversation’. At no point did Roddy bemoan his situation or express any fear about his approaching fate. Nor did he accept the ministrations of the prison chaplain, who entreated him to use the time left to him to reconcile himself to his creator. Despite having the necessary materials available to him, Roddy wrote nothing else, save the following brief letter to his father:
Dear Father,
I am writing in the hope that this letter will find your situation improved. I myself have but a brief time left and do not crave longer in this world than that which is allotted to me. The walls of my cell make for a dreary vista and though I would dearly love to see Culduie once more, if I could hasten my execution I would gladly do so. For the time being, however, I am quite comfortable and you must not concern yourself about my wellbeing, nor lament my passing.
I wish to say that I am sorry for the trouble I have caused, and that I earnestly wish you might have been blessed with a more worthy son.
[Signed]
Roderick John Macrae
The letter was delivered to Culduie on the afternoon of the 22nd of September, but John Macrae never read it, having been found that morning dead in his chair by Carmina Smoke. He was interred next to his wife in the burial ground at Camusterrach. The house and its outbuildings were allowed to fall into a state of disrepair and the land was distributed among the remaining residents of the village. The role of constable was assumed by Peter Mackenzie.
On the 24th of September, the morning of his execution, Roddy’s only request was that he might take a turn around the prison yard. This was allowed to him, and, according to Mr Sinclair, he completed his circuits ‘quite as if he was entirely elsewhere’. He was then accompanied from his cell by his advocate, a minister of the Church of Scotland and two gaolers. As the party approached the chamber where the execution was to take place, Roddy’s legs gave way beneath him and he had to be dragged the remaining yards by the warders. All necessary preparations had been made and, aside from the hangman, Dr Hector Munro and the Prison Governor were also present. As the hood was pulled over his head, tears streamed from Roddy’s eyes. Mr Sinclair hid his face in his hands. Roderick Macrae was pronounced dead at twenty-four minutes past eight o’clock. ‘The hanging,’ stated the doctor’s report, ‘was conducted in an exemplary fashion, and no undue suffering was caused to the prisoner.’
* * *
**** Forty years later, albeit in very different circumstances, a petition signed by 20,000 people was instrumental in the overturning of Oscar Slater’s death sentence.
Acknowledgements
In terms of research and inspiration, I owe my greatest debt to five volumes: Highland Folk Ways (Routledge, 1961) by I.F. Grant, an entirely indispensible guide to the way of life and traditions of the Scottish Highlands; The Making of the Crofting Community (John Donald, 1976) by James Hunter, which is the best book on the historical development of the Highlands I have
come across; Children of the Black House (Birlinn, 2003) by Calum Ferguson, which offers a more anecdotal history; The Origins of Criminology: A Reader (Routledge, 2009) by Nicola Rafter, which introduced me to the writings of J. Bruce Thomson and other pioneers in this field; and finally I, Pierre Rivière, having slaughtered my mother, my sister and my brother (Bison Books, 1982), edited by Michel Foucault.
I am also grateful to Applecross historian Iain MacLennan, both for the wealth of information contained in his book, Applecross and Its Hinterland: A Historical Miscellany (Applecross Historical Society, 2010) and for his generous responses to my emails. Gordon Cameron, curator of the Applecross Heritage Centre, has been similarly generous with his time and provided me with the text of the song ‘Coille Mhùiridh’, composed in the 1820s by Donald MacRae. The English translation is, I believe, by Roy Wentworth. The translation of ‘Càrn nan Uaighean’ was suggested to me by Francis and Kevin MacNeil.
I should also note a debt to the Sermons of Reverend Angus Galbraith (1837–1909), which inspired the funeral oration of his namesake in this book. James Galbraith’s ‘police statement’ also paraphrases the words of the Reverend John Mackenzie of the Parish of Lochcarron, who wrote in his ‘Statistical Account’ of 1840: ‘Not farther back than the middle of the last century, the inhabitants of this district were involved in the most dissolute barbarity. The records of presbytery, which commence in 1724, are stained with an account of black and bloody crimes, exhibiting a picture of wildness, ferocity and gross indulgence, consistent only with a state of savagism.’
James Bruce Thomson (1810–1873) was a real person and the articles mentioned in the text can be found online. The theories propounded by Mr Thomson in the novel are closely based on these articles, but his personality and character are the products of my imagination, as is his memoir. The character of John Murdoch is likewise loosely based on the radical reformer (1818–1903) of that name.
In 2013 I won a Scottish Book Trust New Writers Award and I am greatly indebted to this organisation for the fantastic support and encouragement they have given me during the writing of this book. I would also like to thank the always helpful staff of the Mitchell Library in Glasgow and the National Archive of Scotland in Edinburgh.
Despite all the help and advice I have received, I do not claim to be an expert either on the period in which this book is set or on the Highland way of life in general. This is a novel and as such I have taken some liberties with historical fact and, at some points, as novelists do, made stuff up. Needless to say, any inaccuracies, whether by design or error, are entirely my own responsibility.
I am deeply grateful to my publisher, Sara Hunt, for her wonderful enthusiasm, generosity and support throughout the writing of this book. Also to Craig Hillsley for his meticulous and sensitive editing.
On a personal note, this book would not have come into being were it not for the frequent visits I made to Wester Ross both in my childhood and as an adult, and for this gift I am hugely grateful to my parents, Gilmour and Primrose Burnet. I must also thank my great friend and sounding-board-in-chief, Victoria Evans, who is always generous with her time and whose notes are always pertinent and astute.
Finally, to Jen: thank you for your patience, encouragement and for putting up with my sulks. Like Una Macrae, you are the sunlight that nurtures the crops.
Copyright
Contraband is an imprint of Saraband
Published by Saraband,
Suite 202, 98 Woodlands Road,
Glasgow, G3 6HB,
Scotland
www.saraband.net
Copyright © Graeme Macrae Burnet 2015
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without first obtaining the written permission of the copyright owner.
ISBN: 9781910192146
ebook: 9781910192153
His Bloody Project Page 30