by Beam, Cris
Child Welfare Administration, [>]. See also ACS (Administration for Children’s Services)
Child Welfare Organizing Project (CWOP), [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
child welfare system
costs of, [>], [>], [>]
criteria for success of, [>]
fee structure in, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
“just staying” as goal in, [>]
legal actions against, [>]–[>], [>]
length of stay in foster care, [>]–[>], [>]
negative outcomes and, [>]–[>]
reform of, [>]
social policy lines in, [>]–[>]
training of staff in, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
tricking the system and, [>]–[>]
types of placements in, [>]–[>], [>]
working the system and, [>]–[>]
Civil Rights Act (1964), [>]
Clarence (Green foster son), [>]–[>]
class disparities, [>], [>]–[>]. See also race discrimination
Clinton, Bill (U.S. president), [>], [>]
cocaine. See crack cocaine
college, [>], [>]
Casey group and, [>]
Chafee programs and, [>], [>]
foster kids’ hopes for, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
“concurrency planning,” [>]
Congressional Caucus on Foster Youth, [>]
costs
of foster care, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
for institutionalized placements, [>], [>]
Cournos, Francine, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
CPS. See Child Protective Services (CPS)
crack cocaine
adoption of “addicted” newborns and, [>]–[>]
drug testing of newborns and, [>], [>], [>]
foster care roles and, [>]–[>]
newborn removal and, [>]–[>]
outcomes for babies and, [>]–[>], [>]
criminality. See also incarcerated parents; juvenile justice and foster care, merging of
attachment disorders and, [>]–[>]
link between child welfare and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
mixed population at RTCs and, [>], [>]
Cruz, Jonathan, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Cruz-Katz, Spencer, [>]–[>]
Cuomo, Mario (New York governor), [>]
CWOP. See Child Welfare Organizing Project (CWOP)
David (Green foster son), [>], [>]–[>]
Department of Child and Family Services, [>], [>]–[>]
Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS, Texas), [>], [>]
“diagnostic centers,” [>]–[>], [>]
Dominique (Green foster daughter). See Welcome, Dominique
Doyle, Joseph J., [>]
Education and Training Voucher (ETV) program, [>]
Edwin Gould (agency), [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]. See also Smalls, Tolightha
emergency licensing, [>]
emotional effects on foster kids. See also anger of foster kids; attachment
losses and, [>]–[>], [>]
from multiple placements, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
emotional factors for foster parents, [>]–[>]
Episcopal Social Services, in Manhattan, [>]
Erikson, Erik, [>], [>]
Estrada, Rudy, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
failed placements
foster parents’ perspectives on, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
impacts on foster kids and, [>]–[>]
proportion of, [>]
YGB program and, [>]–[>]
family court
number of cases heard in, [>]
substance abuse cases and, [>]–[>], [>]
termination hearings and, [>]–[>]
family members
abandonment of foster kids by, [>]
adoption of teens by, [>]–[>]
reporting by, [>], [>]–[>]
family preservation, as goal
ASFA mandates and, [>]–[>]
late-stage efforts and, [>]
preventive social services and, [>], [>], [>]
removal rate and, [>]
“family team conferencing,” [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Family-to-Family program, [>], [>]
Fannie (foster child), [>]–[>]
Fatimah. See Green, Fatimah
federal government
Congressional Caucus on Foster Youth, [>], [>]
frequent changes in requirements and, [>]–[>]
“positive tox” babies and, [>]
fifteen-month ASFA cutoff, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Florida, [>]–[>], [>]
“forever families,” [>]
foster care “drift,” [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Foster Care Panic (late 1990s), [>]–[>]
foster children. See also newborns; teenage foster kids; entries for specific persons
author’s own story and, [>]–[>]
perceptions of parental fitness by, [>]–[>]
reconnection with birth parents, [>]–[>]
statistics on number of, [>], [>]
time in foster care and, [>]
trauma of multiple placements and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
views of therapy and, [>]–[>]
what they want from foster parents, [>]–[>]
The Fostering Connection (TFC, NYC therapist group), [>]–[>]
foster parents. See also Glenn; Green, Allyson; Green, Bruce; Keane, Mary; Mindy; support for foster parents; training of foster parents; Wilson, Steve
agency placement decisions and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
demographics of, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
difficulties with teens and, [>]–[>]
emotional health of, [>]–[>]
as interchangeable, [>]–[>]
lack of agency support for, [>]–[>]
letting go process and, [>]–[>], [>]
licensure process for, [>], [>], [>]
motivations of, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
pay rates for, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
psychological training for, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
recruitment of, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
rejection of kids by, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
relationships with birth parents, [>]–[>], [>]
rights of biological parents and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
shortfall of, [>], [>]
what kids want from, [>]–[>]
“foster-to-adopt” parents, [>]–[>], [>]. See also Wilson, Shawn; Wilson, Steve; Wright, Bruce
Frankie (probation officer), [>], [>]
Freud, Anna, [>]
Frisby, Noble, [>]–[>]
gay foster parents, [>]–[>]. See also Wilson, Shawn
gay teenagers. See queer kids
Georgia, state of, [>]–[>]
Gil, Eliana, [>]
Giuliani, Rudy (New York mayor), [>]
Glenn (foster parent), [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Goldstein, Joseph, [>]
Gould agency. See Edwin Gould
Graham Windham at Hastings-on-Hudson (RTC), [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
Green, Allyson. See also Green family
baby Allen’s birth father and, [>]–[>], [>]
blame for failed placements and, [>]–[>]
Dominique and, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
dreams of, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Fatimah and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
parenting style and, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
Russell and, [>]–[>]
Green, Bruce. See also Green family
Dominique and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
failed placements and, [>]–[>]
fostering teens and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
payment for foster parenting and, [>], [>]
Green, Bruce, Jr., [>]
Green, Charles, [>]
Green, Fatimah, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
adoption process for, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
after adoption, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
biological mother of, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Chanel and, [>]–[>], [>]
Dominique and, [>], [>], [>]
hopes for adoption and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
planned memoir of, [>], [>]–[>]
running away and, [>]–[>], [>]
Green, Jaleel, [>], [>], [>], [>]
Green, Sekina, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Green family, [>]–[>]
baby Allen and, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
battles and, [>]–[>]
commitment of, [>], [>]–[>]
Edwin Gould agency and, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
failed placements in, [>]–[>]
foster teens in, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
house rules and, [>], [>]–[>]
group homes, [>], [>]
adolescent sex offenders and, [>]
child abuse in, [>]–[>]
costs for care in, [>], [>]
critiques of, [>], [>], [>]
Kecia’s view of, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
lack of love in, [>]–[>], [>]
therapeutic services and, [>]–[>]
guardian ad litem, [>], [>]
guilt of leaving, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
“hard-to-place” kids, [>], [>]. See also teenage foster kids
Holy Cross Campus of Pius XII (RTC), [>]–[>]
homelessness, and foster care, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
You Gotta Believe! program and, [>]–[>]
house rules, [>]
identity crisis, [>]
ILPs. See independent living programs (ILPs)
“imminent risk,” [>]–[>], [>]
“Improved Outcomes for Children” (I.O.C.), [>]–[>]
incarcerated parents
contacts with children and, [>], [>]
drug treatment for, [>]
outcomes for children and, [>]
rights of, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
independent living programs (ILPs)
agency services and, [>]–[>]
effectiveness of, [>], [>]
Keane’s home and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
state programs for, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
teen fantasies about, [>], [>]–[>]
institutional interactions, and reporting, [>]–[>]
institutionalization. See group homes; residential treatment centers
“intensive family preservation services,” [>]
Internet, and foster kids, [>]–[>]
investigators, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]. See also caseworkers
Izquierdo, Elisa, [>], [>]
Jackson, Chester, [>]–[>]
Jay Jay (Mary Keane’s adopted son). See Rosario-Keane, Jay Jay
John H. Chafee Foster Care Independence Program (“Chaffee laws”), [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Jonathan (foster child). See Cruz, Jonathan
“just staying” with foster kids. See also attachment; Keane, Mary; love
Dominique and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
as goal in child welfare system, [>]
the Greens and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Kecia’s thesis about, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
as policy goal, [>]
Juvenile and Family Court Journal, [>]
juvenile hall, [>]
juvenile justice and foster care, merging of, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Kansas, [>]–[>]
Keane, Mary, [>]–[>]
Rosario kids and, [>]
work with older teens and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
You Gotta Believe! program and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Kecia (former foster child). See Pittman, Kecia
Kemp, C. Henry, [>], [>]
“kinship care,” [>], [>]. See also family members
Laurenceau, Doris, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
law guardian, [>]
Lei (former foster child), [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
as child welfare worker, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Community Center in Manhattan, [>]
lesbian teens. See Keane, Mary; queer kids
Lester, Barry M., [>]–[>]
listening, [>]–[>], [>]
Los Angeles County, [>]–[>]
love. See also attachment; “just staying” with foster kids
as benefit to foster parents, [>]–[>]
foster kids’ inability to, [>], [>], [>], [>]
foster kids’ testing of, [>], [>]–[>]
from foster parents, [>], [>]
group homes and, [>]–[>], [>]
Lowry, Marcia Robinson, [>]–[>], [>]
mandated reporting, [>], [>]
Martin (foster parent). See Wilson, Shawn
Mattingly, John B., [>], [>]
maximum capacity, [>]–[>]
mental disabilities in foster kids, [>], [>]–[>]. See also Russell
methamphetamine, and babies, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Mindy (foster parent), [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Miracle Makers (foster agency), [>]–[>]
Missouri Model, [>]
“moral adoption,” [>]–[>], [>]
Mothers’ Pension Programs, [>]
multiple placements. See also attachment; failed placements
attachment disorders and, [>]
“family team conferencing” period and, [>]–[>]
kids’ emotional walls and, [>]–[>]
maltreatment of foster kids and, [>], [>]
reduction of, as goal, [>]
rejection by foster parents and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
National Coalition for Child Protection Reform (NCCPR), [>]
National Incidence Study (NIS) for Child Abuse and Neglect, [>]
National Institute on Drug Abuse, [>]
National Youth in Transition Database, by AFC, [>]
NCCPR. See National Coalition for Child Protection Reform (NCCPR)
neglect, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
newborns, [>]–[>]
adoption process for, [>]–[>]
drug-exposed, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
racism in drug testing and, [>]–[>]
New York City. See also ACS
average duration of foster care in, [>]–[>]
family court cases in, [>]
IOC rules in, [>]–[>]
privatization of foster care in, [>]
Shirley Wilder case in, [>]
SILP program in, [>]
teen prostitutes in, [>]–[>]
New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, [>]–[>]
New York State
Education and Training Voucher program in, [>]
legislation in, [>], [>]
rights of prisoners in, [>]–[>]
NIS study. See National Incidence Study (NIS) for Child Abuse and Neglect
Noble (adopted baby). See Wilson, Noble
Obama, Barack (U.S. president), [>], [>]
O’Brien, Pat, [>], [>]–[>]
ODD. See Oppositional Defiance Disorder (ODD)
Office of Children and Family Services (OCFS), in New York, [>]
Oliver (Steve Wilson’s adopted baby), [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Oneida (foster child), [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Oppositional Defiance Disorder (ODD), [>]
Oregon, [>]–[>]
outcomes, [>]–[>], [>], [>]. See also aging out; attachment; homelessness, and foster care; independent living programs (ILPs)
with birth vs. foster parents, [>], [>]
Chaffee programs and, [>]–[>]
crack babies and, [>]–[>]
Dominique and, [>]–[>]
“outdoor relief,” [>]
oversight, lack of, [>]. See also accountability
parens patriae, [>]
parent advocate, [>], [>]
parental rights
federal
law and, [>]–[>]
foster parents and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
prison and, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
removal of children and, [>]
support for, [>]–[>]
parental termination
ASFA and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
contact with children and, [>