William Hollingworth Sr.’s probate: Essex, Probate, 3: 191–193; EQC, 7: 319–320.
Philip English: Cheever, “A Sketch,” 176; Bailyn, New England Merchants, 144–145; Perley, The History of Salem, 3: 252; Belknap, “Philip English,” 41.
Essex French: Konig, “A New Look”; Massachusetts Archives 81: 128, 131–132.
English children: Salem, Vital Records, 1: 282.
Dicer slander suit: EQC, 7: 238; Perley, The History of Salem 3: 90; Perley, “Salem, No. 21,” 164, 166.
Salem First Church: Salem, Church Records, 152; Cheever, “A Sketch,” 164; EQC, 7: 402–403.
Philip English as tax collector: Salem, Town Records 3: 141, 151; Konig, “A New Look,” 172–173, 176–177.
Philip English buys Dicer’s property: Perley, “Salem, No. 21,” 166–167.
English’s Great House: Bentley, Diary, 1: 247–248, 2: 23–26; Perley, “Salem, No. 21,” 164, 168–169; Browne, “Youthful Recollections,” 49: 198.
William Hollingworth Jr: EQC, 9: 393–396, 441, 448–449; EQC–VT, 48–32–1, 48–104–2.
Philip’s possible illegitimate offspring: Hawthorne, American Notebooks, 74–75; EQC, 1: 250; Doc, 975.
Eleanor Hollingworth probate: Salem, Vital Records 5: 337; EQC–VT, 49–52–1.
Christian Trask: Doc, 189.
Ann Putnam
Carr family: GM, 2: 1724.
Carr’s ferry: EQC, 1: 38–39.
Murderous servant: EQC, 1: 97, 2: 2, 243–246.
Drowning: Records of the Court of Assistants, 3: 63–66.
James Carr and widow Maverick: Doc, 598; Jackson, Physicians, 33–34.
Bradbury: GM, 1: 375–381
John Carr vs. Mary Bradbury: Doc, 572.
Salem Village begins: Boyer and Nissenbaum, Salem-Village Witchcraft, 229–234; Roach, Salem Witch Trials, xxvi–xxvii.
Bailey family: Bailey, Bailey Genealogy, 157, 160–161.
Bailey’s house: Perley, “Center of Salem Village,” 231–232.
Salem Village Meeting House: Ibid., 227–228.
Putnam genealogy: Perley, History of Salem, 2: 109–111.
Putnam houses: Perley, “Hathorne,” map opp. 332, 336, 341–342.
Reverend Bailey controversies: Boyer and Nissenbaum, Salem-Village Witchcraft, 242–248.
Mary Bradbury and blue boar: Doc, 599.
Salem Village’s status: Boyer and Nissenbaum, Salem-Village Witchcraft, 249–253.
Land deeded to Reverend Bailey: Ibid., 256.
George Burroughs: Salem Village, “A Book of Record,” November 25, 1680; Doc, 126; Roach, Salem Witch Trials, xxix–xxx; N. Thompson, “Hannah Fisher.”
New Salem Village parsonage: Trask, “The Devil Amongst Us.”
Topsfield dispute: Boyer and Nissenbaum, Salem-Village Witchcraft, 236–237.
George Carr illness and probate: EQC, 8: 348–356; EQC-VT, 38–19–1–38–39–4, 39–6-2–39–13–1, 39–17–43, 39–84–2; Jackson, Physicians, 38.
Ellenwood annulment: EQC, 8: 386.
Thomas Putnam Sr. will: Boyer and Nissenbaum, Salem-Village Witchcraft, 206–207.
Reverend Burroughs’s debt and arrest: EQC, 9: 30–32, 47–49.
Deodat Lawson invited: Roach, Salem Witch Trials, xxxi.
Thomas Putnam Sr. deeds land to son Thomas: Boyer and Nissenbaum, Salem-Village Witchcraft, 205–206.
Thomas Putnam Sr.’s codicil and will: Ibid., 211–213, 206–207.
Reverend Lawson matter mediated: Salem Village, “A Book of Record,” 14: 68–72, February 18, 1686/7; Roach, Salem Witch Trials, xxxii–xxxiv.
Thomas Putnam transcribes records: Salem Village, “A Book of Record,” 14:74, April 7, 1687.
Samuel Parris arrives: Roach, Salem Witch Trials, xxxiv–xxxvii; Salem Village, “A Book of Record,” 14: 76–78, October 10, 1689, ibid., 67–72, February 16 and 18, 1686/87.
Goody Glover witch case: C. Mather, Memorable, 103–105.
Revolt against Andros: Roach, Salem Witch Trials, xxxvi.
Parris ordained and Salem Village Church forms: Boyer and Nissenbaum, Salem-Village Witchcraft, 208–209.
Ann Putnam joins Salem Village Church: Ibid., 274.
Elizabeth Carr probate: EQC-VT, 51–4-1; Chamberlain, Notorious, 141.
Tituba
Tituba: Breslaw, Tituba, 3–62, 207n13, 14; Equiano, Interesting Narrative, 58–61; Ramsay, Essay, 93; Beckford, Remarks, 47, 15, 63, 41–44, 13; C. Mather, Angel, 228; Hoffer, Devil’s Disciples, 205–210; C. Mather, Diary, 1: 22.
Parris: Breslaw, Tituba, 22; Roach, “That Child Betty Parris,” 2–4; Gragg, Quest, 13–16.
Parris’s slaves: Parris, “Records,” 20; Hale, Modest Enquiry, 23; Breslaw, Tituba, 24–25; (Goodwin case) C. Mather, Memorable, 99–131.
Barbados witch: Handler, “Archaeological Evidence’” 176–180.
Salem Village controversies: Salem Village, “A Book of Record”; also see selections of Village and church records in Boyer and Nissenbaum, Salem-Village Witchcraft.
Fear of slave revolt: EQC–VT, 49–57–8; 49–58–1, 49–56–1, 2, 49–57–2, 49–58–1.
Slaves and servants: R. Thompson, Sex in Middlesex, 159; L. Greene, The Negro, 73–90, 16–17.
Mary Warren
Warren: Perley, “Rial Side,” 55; Perley, The History of Salem, 1: 303, 2: 301.
Parker vs. Warren: Perley, “Salem, No. 21,” 166 (Perley says Alice Parker’s maiden name was Hollingworth but gives no source); Docs, 144, 585, 662.
Procter family: L. Procter, John Procter, 6–14; GM, 1: 190–195, 501–504.
Procter farm: Perley, “Groton,” 258–261, map 257.
Procter tavern: EQC, 3: 377, 7: 135–136, 4: 268, 374.
Higginson and Noyes: Phillips, Elegy, 2; Dunton, Letters, 177, 255; N. Noyes, “Elegy,” 6.
Procter family life: Docs, 956, 80; Perley, The History of Salem, 3: 1.
Procter deeds: Essex Deeds, 8: 338–341 (deed #123); Perley, “Groton,” 267, map opp. 257 (Perley misplaces the house location).
PART TWO
Chapter 1: January 1692
Salem Village Sermon: Doc, 6; Parris, Sermon Notebook, 179–180, 183–185 (parts of the morning and afternoon sermons quoted here; spelling and so forth standardized here as in the other fictionalized sections).
Higginson and Noyes: Phillips, Elegy, 2; Dunton, Letters, 177, 255; N. Noyes, “Elegy,” 6.
Salem Village and Salem town: Tully, Almanac, “January Hath 31 Dayes,” v; H. B., Boston Almanac, “January Hath 31 Dayes,” 3; Sewall, Diary, 1: 286, January 12, 1692; Salem Village, “A Book of Record,” 14: 85–86, January 8, 1692; Salem, Vital Records, 3: 256.
Alice Parker: Doc, 573.
Afflictions and theories thereon: Doc, 6; Caporal, “Ergotism”; Hutchinson, History, 1: 47; C. Upham, Salem Witchcraft, 318; Rosenthal, Salem Story, 10–31.
Folk Magic: Thomas, Religion, 212–251; Hale, Modest Enquiry, 132–136; Hansen, Witchcraft, 30–31, 149–150; Norton, Devil’s Snare, 23–24, 336n32, 31; Docs, 562 (Rebecca Johnson), 631, 632 (Wardwell), 556–557, (Dorcas Hoar), 166 (Roger Toothaker); Kittredge, Witchcraft, 196, 198–199.
Ergot: Caporal, “Ergotism.”
Hysteria: Hansen, Witchcraft.
Parris’s problems: Boyer and Nissenbaum, Salem-Village Witchcraft, 276–277, 357.
York massacre: C. Mather, Decennium, 230–231; Hammond, “Diary,” 160.
Chapter 2: February 1692
Philip English’s pew: Salem, Town Records, 3: 259.
Sarah Good begging: Docs, 3, 5.
Parris’ sermon: Parris, Sermon Notebook, 186, 190, 193 (morning and afternoon sermons combined).
Hannah Putnam’s travail: Parris, “Records,” 15; Doc, 267; Eben Putnam, History, 1: 72–73; Ulrich, Goodwives, 126–131.
Other births: Parris, “Records,” 14.
Afflictions at the parsonage begins: Hale, Modest Enquiry, 23; Calef, More Wonders, 342.
Witch-cake: Hale, Modest Enquiry, 2
3–25; Calef, More Wonders, 342; Lawson, Brief, 162; Thomas, Religion, 437–438, 543–544; Boyer and Nissenbaum, Salem-Village Witchcraft, 278–279.
Rebecca Nurse and fits: Docs, 27, 31, 23.
Putnam afflictions begin: Ibid., 3–4, 13, 9.
Betty Hubbard’s errand: Ibid., 345.
Good accused: Ibid., 3–4, 13, 9.
Tempests: Hammond, “Diary,” 160; Sewall, Diary, 1: 288, February 28, 1692; Ludlum, Country Journal, 15, 70.
First complaints entered: Docs, 1–2.
Specters at the Putnam’s: Ibid., 345.
Tituba suspected: Ibid., 6; Calef, More Wonders, 343.
Chapter 3: March 1 to Mid-March 1692
March 1 hearings: Docs, 3–5 (Good), 3–5 (Osborne), 3–6 (Tituba).
Elizabeth Emerson: Ulrich, Goodwives, 196–201.
Sarah Good at Herrick’s: Doc, 337.
Salem jail: Perley, The History of Salem, 3: 174.
Tituba’s March 2 questioning: Doc, 6.
Tituba’s status: Docs, 4, 6, 345.
Tituba’s wounds: Hale, Modest Enquiry, 26–27; Calef, More Wonders, 343.
March 3 questioning: Docs, 4, 862, 868; Lawson, Brief, 148.
Dorothy Good specter: Doc, 26.
March 5: Ibid., 4; Hale, Modest Enquiry, 27.
Boston Jail: Doc, 612; Roach, Salem Witch Trials, 35.
Salem town meeting: Salem, Town Records 3: 265.
Martha Corey: Doc, 53, 18; Roach, Salem Witch Trials, 37; Essex Deeds 13: 208.
Rebecca Nurse and Elizabeth Procter specters: Doc, 35, 53.
Martha Corey confronts Annie Putnam: Ibid., 21.
Mary Warren and the specter: Ibid., 145.
Rebecca Nurse’s illness: Ibid., 28.
Convulsions: Hansen, Witchcraft at Salem, 1–2. The presence of hysterical symptoms among the afflicted in 1692 is one of the main topics of Hansen’s book, although there is disagreement about how many of the afflictions were truly unconscious reactions.
Martha Corey confronts Mary Warren: Doc, 145.
Mary Warren’s vision of John Procter: Ibid. Mary Warren later described the beginning of her fits in a confused and, no doubt, embellished account:
the first night I was Taken I saw as I thought the Apparition of Goody Cory and Catched att itt as I thought and Caught my master in my lap ‘tho I did nott See my master in that place att that Time, upon Wch my master Said itt is noe body but I itt is my shaddow that you see, butt my master was nott befor mee as I Could descerne, but Catching att the Apparition that Looked like Goody Cory I Caught hold of my master and pulled him downe into my Lap; upon Wch he Said I see there is noe heed to any of your Talkings, for you are all possest With the Devill for itt is nothing butt my shape.
Procter beats Mary Warren: Ibid., 501.
Chapter 4: March 18 to 31, 1692
Ann Putnam tormented by Rebecca Nurse’s specter: Doc, 30.
Other afflicted women: Lawson, Brief, 155.
Complaint vs. Martha Corey: Doc, 15; Lawson, Brief, 60.
Martha Corey at Lawson’s sermon: Lawson, Brief, 40.
Ann Putnam reads the Bible: Ibid., 158 (King James edition).
Annie Putnam’s vision of Corey and Nurse specters: Ibid., 156.
Martha Corey hearing: Doc, 16; Lawson, Brief, 154–157.
Nurse specter vs. Ann Putnam: Doc, 30.
Friends visit Rebecca Nurse: Ibid., 31.
Reverend Lawson observes Ann Putnam’s fits: Lawson, Brief, 157–158, 162; Doc, 30.
Reverend Noyes and Revelation: Phillips, Elegy, 5.
Arrests of Rebecca Nurse and Dorothy Good: Docs, 22–23; Lawson, Brief, 159.
Mary Warren attends hearing: Doc, 501.
Rebecca Nurse hearing: Ibid., 23, 28, 30; Lawson, Brief, 158–160.
Dorothy Good: Lawson, Brief, 159–160.
Lawson’s lecture: Lawson, Christ’s Fidelity, 64–106 (quotes), 76, 79, 100, 80, 102–103.
John Procter fetches Mary Warren: Docs, 501, 145.
Nurse specter vs. Annie Putnam: Ibid., 32.
March 27 Salem Village service: Lawson, Brief, 101 (he mistakes the date, however); Parris, Sermon Notebook, 194–198 (quotes), 194–198; Doc, 342; Salem Village church records in Boyer and Nissenbaum, Salem-Village Witchcraft, 278–279 (Mary Sibley and witch-cake).
Nurse kin question accusers: Docs, 35 (Putnams), 498, 500.
Mercy Lewis’s doubts: Ibid., 499.
Procters and Mary Warren’s fits: Ibid., 78, 80, 145.
Public Fast: Ibid., 49, 244, 133; Lawson, Brief, 160–161.
Hollingworth suit: EQC, 7:238.
Chapter 5: April 1 to 19, 1692
Note for prayers: Docs, 75, 78.
Mercy Lewis’s angelic vision: Ibid., 49; Lawson, Brief, 160–161.
Dissemble: Doc, 75; OED, 2nd ed., 4: 835–836.
Procters displeased with Mary Warren: Ibid., 78.
Complaint vs. Elizabeth Procter and Sarah Cloyce: Ibid., 46.
Spectral sightings: Ibid., 61.
Mercy Lewis’s uncertainty and visions: Ibid., 48–49; Lawson, Brief, 160–161.
Procter arrest: Doc, 46.
Sarah Cloyce and Elizabeth Procter hearings: Ibid., 49.
Mary Warren accused: Ibid., 49.
John Procter hearing: Ibid., 61.
Prisoners to Boston jail: Ibid., 47, 65, 612.
John and Hannah Putnam’s baby dies: Ibid., 362; Eben Putnam, History, 1: 56–57; Parris, “Records,” 21.
Complaint against Mary Warren, Bridget Bishop, and so forth: Doc, 42.
Mary Warren hearing: Ibid., 75, 699.
Chapter 6: April 19 to 30, 1692
Bridget Bishop hearing: Docs, 63–64 (combination of notes by Ezekiel Cheever and Samuel Parris).
Mary Warren hearing continued: Ibid., 75, 699.
Giles Corey specter and Mary Warren questioned in Salem jail April 19 and 20: Ibid., 78.
John Procter vs. Giles Corey suit: EQC, 7: 89–91.
Burroughs specter vs. Annie Putnam: Doc, 457; Lawson, Brief, 148. Lawson noted that an unnamed suspect examined before March 19 had said that Burroughs killed Lawson’s wife and child. At that point only Tituba was confessing.
Thomas Putnam’s letter and complaint vs. Mary Esty, Mary English, and so forth: Docs, 82, 79.
Mary Warren questioned April 21: Ibid., 80.
Arrests of Mary English: Ibid., 79; Cheever, “A Sketch,” 163–164; Bentley, Diary, 2: 23; EQC, 7: 238.
Christian Trask and Sarah Bishop: Doc, 189; Mahler, “English Origin,” 243; Perley, The History of Salem, 1: 94–98; Savage, Genealogical Dictionary, 4: 624–626
Witch meeting in Parris’s pasture: Roach, Salem Witch Trials, 88–89.
Dorcas Hobbs hearing: Doc, 89.
William Hobbs hearing: Ibid., 90.
Nehemiah Abbott hearing: Ibid., 83.
Mary Esty hearing: Ibid., 86.
Mary Black hearing: Ibid., 84.
Sarah Wildes hearing: Ibid., 90.
Mary English hearing: Cheever, “A Sketch,” 163.
John Willard and Annie Putnam: Docs, 185, 486, 488, 185. Doc, 185, clearly says Willard confronted Annie May 25. As the first arrest warrant would be issued May 10 around the time he fled (Doc, 132), this confrontation may have occurred April 25 unless it happened closer to the complaint, May 2 or 5, perhaps.
Baby Sarah’s ghost: Doc, 185. So far genealogists have not found evidence of a first wife for John Willard.
Philip English suspected and familiars: Cheever, “A Sketch,” 163; Docs, 163–164, 202.
Complaints against Philip English, and so forth: Docs, 96–97.
Philip English escapes: Ibid., 99.
Boston jail repairs: Ibid., 612, 841.
John Indian and Edward Bishop: Calef, More Wonders, 351, 348.
Chapter 7: May 1 to 12, 1692
Deliverance Hobbs confession, Mary Warren’s statement: Docs, 116, 95, 262–263.
Election and Fast order: Ibid., 488; Love, The Fast, 481, 220.
Philip English’s second arrest warrant: Doc, 117.
George Burroughs extradited: Ibid., 99, 97.
Wilkins family ailments: Ibid., 488, 184.
May 2 hearings: Ibid., 96, 98, 102 (Dorcas Hoar), 104–105 (Susanna Martin); 1 Samuel 28.
Prisoners to Boston: Docs, 97–99, 100, 114.
Burroughs specter vs. Mercy Lewis: Ibid., 124.
May 8 torments: Ibid., 119–118.
Parris’s sermon: Parris, Sermon Notebook, 199.
Reading and Woburn Complaints: Doc, 119.
“Old Pharaoh”: Ibid., 157.
Burroughs specter and ghosts: Ibid., 124 (vs. Mercy Lewis), 125 (vs. Annie Putnam).
Mercy Lewis’s vision: Ibid., 124; C. Mather, Wonders, 217; Matthew 4:1–11; Luke 4:1–13.
George Burroughs examination: Docs, 120–130; C. Mather, Wonders, 216–217.
Other suspects: Doc, 215 (Dustin, also Dastin); EQC, 4: 207–209 (Goody Burt).
Sarah Churchill: Docs, 133–134, 258; S. Noyes, Libby, and Davis, Genealogical, 142, 98–99.
Prisoners moved to Boston: Doc, 862, 612.
George Jacobs specter vs. Mercy Lewis: Ibid., 134.
George and Margaret Jacobs arrests: Ibid., 131.
Sarah Churchill accuses the Jacobs: Ibid., 133, 261.
John Willard arrest warrant: Ibid., 132.
Sarah Churchill vs. the Jacobs continued: Ibid., 133, 145.
Sarah Osborn dies: Ibid., 612, 841.
Mary Warren questioned: Ibid., 145, 120 (Abigail Hobbs), 699 (other confessors).
Alice Parker and Ann Pudeator warrants: Ibid., 143.
Alice Parker hearing: Ibid., 144–145.
Chapter 8: May 12 to 30, 1692
Mittimus: Docs, 146, 612, 841, 216. Their Boston jail bills begin on May 12, even though the trip to Boston took the better part of a day. A prison census, Doc, 216, says they were sent May 13, which makes better sense.
Abigail Soames’s arrest: Ibid., 147.
Abigail Soames hearing: Ibid., 150; Swan, “Bedevilment,” 158; EQC, 7: 420, 8: 147, 237, 372, 8: 237; Perley, “Part of Salem, No. 8,” 98.
Touch test: Brattle, “Letter,” 171; Lawson, Brief, 162.
Elizabeth Hart confronts Annie Putnam: Doc, 158.
More arrests: Ibid., 151–154.
Daniel Andrews and George Jacob Jr. escape: Ibid.
May 12, Mercy Lewis reports specters hurting Bray Wilkins: Ibid., 184.
Second arrest warrant for John Willard: Ibid., 156.
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