The Black Death
Page 39
217
14 ‘Chronicon ma jus Aegidii Li Muisis’, De Smet, Vol. 11, p. 280.
(<< back)
218
1 E. M. Carus Wilson, Mediaeval Merchant Venturers, London 1945, p. 240 et seq.
(<< back)
219
2 G. A. Holmes, The Estates of the Higher Nobility in 14th Century England, Cambridge, 1957, p.5.
(<< back)
220
3 E. B. Fryde, ‘The Last Trials of Sir William de Pole’, Econ. Hist. Rev. Ser., Vol. XV, 1962, p. 17.
(<< back)
221
4 E. A. Kosminsky, Studies in the Agrarian History of England, Oxford, 1956, pp. 3 22–3.
(<< back)
222
5 J. C. Russell, British Mediaeval Population, Albuquerque, 1948, p. 287.
(<< back)
223
6 This figure is far from uncontested. Bennett suggests it may have been as low as 5,000 but most authorities agree that it lost population heavily between 1348 and 1377 and the poll tax figure for the latter date (always an under-estimate) was nearly 6,000.
(<< back)
224
7 ‘A 14th Century Chronicle from the Grey Friars at Lynn’, ed. A. Grandsen, Eng. Hist. Rev., Vol. LXXII, 1957, p. 2. 74.
(<< back)
225
8 Chronica Monasterii de Melsa, R.S. 43 III, p.68. See also Higden’s Polychronicon, R.S. 41 VIII, 355.
(<< back)
226
9 Knighton, op. cit., p. 61.
(<< back)
227
10 Capgrave, ed. F.C. Hingeston, R.S. 1, p. 213.
(<< back)
228
11 Eulogium (Historiarum sive Temporis), R.S. 9 III, p. 213.
(<< back)
229
12 Canon of Bridlington’s Chronicle (R.S. 76 II, p. 149), Galfridi le Baker, op. cit., p. 99.
(<< back)
230
13 Continuatio Chronicarum, R.S. 93, p. 406.
(<< back)
231
14 ‘Vitae Archiepiscoporum’, Anglia Sacra, Vol. 1, p. 42.
(<< back)
232
15 Originalia Roll, 24 Ed. III, m. 2., cit. Gasquet, p. 81.
(<< back)
233
16 Studies in Agrarian History, op. cit., p. 321.
(<< back)
234
17 Revue beige de Philologie et d’Histoire, XXVII, 1950, p. 600.
(<< back)
235
18 op. cit., pp. 86–9.
(<< back)
236
19 J. M. Fletcher, ‘The Black Death in Dorset’, Dorset Nat Hist. Ant. Field Club., Vol. XLIII, 1922, p. 1.
(<< back)
237
20 Hist. MSS. Comm., 6th Report, p. 475.
(<< back)
238
21 Wilkins, Concilia, ii, pp. 735–6.
(<< back)
239
22 Dr J. Lunn’s Ph. D. thesis of 1930. Most unfortunately no copy of this survives but many of its valuable statistics are quoted in Dr Coulton’s Mediaeval Panorama (pp.495–9 and notes).
(<< back)
240
23 Gasquet, op. cit., p. 96.
(<< back)
241
24 A. Hamilton Thompson, ‘Pestilences of the 14th Century in the Diocese of York’, Archaeological Journal, Vol. 71, 1914, pp. 98–100.
(<< back)
242
25 op. cit., p. 192.
(<< back)
243
26 op. cit., p. 230.
(<< back)
244
27 ‘Register of Bishop Ralph of Shrewsbury’, Somerset Record Society, Vol. X, 1896, p. 596.
(<< back)
245
28 M. Baehrel, ‘Epedémie et Terreur: histoire et sociologie’, Annales historiquesdelaRévolution française,Vol. XXIII, 1951, pp. 113–46, and ‘La haine de classe en temps d’épidémie’, Annales, E.S.C., Vol. VII, No. 2, 1952, pp. 351–60.
(<< back)
246
29 Victoria County History (henceforth referred to as V.C.H.), Hampshire. Vol. II, p. 33. See p. 151 below.
(<< back)
247
30 The Sky Suspended, London, 1960, p. 168.
(<< back)
248
31 Knighton, op. cit., p. 61.
(<< back)
249
32 C. E. Boucher, ‘The Black Death in Bristol’, Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society, Vol. IX, 1938, p.36.
(<< back)
250
33 S. Seyer, Memoirs of Bristol, Bristol, 1823, Vol. II, p. 143.
(<< back)
251
34 A. Jenkins, History of the City of Exeter, Exeter, 1841, p. 62.
(<< back)
252
35 G. Oliver, History of the City of Exeter, Exeter 1861, p. 74.
(<< back)
253
36 W. G. Hoskins, Devon, London, 1954, p. 169.
(<< back)
254
37 Dr J. Lunn, Ph. D. thesis.
(<< back)
255
38 L. F. Salzmann, English Industries of the Middle Ages, London, 1913, p. 74; A. R. Bridbury, Economic Growth, London, 1962, p. 25.
(<< back)
256
1 ‘Lives of the Berkeleys’, ed. J. Smyth, Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society, Gloucester, 1883, Vol. 1, p. 322.
(<< back)
257
2 Galfridi It Baker, op. cit., p. 99.
(<< back)
258
3 V.C.H. Gloucestershire, Vol. II, p. 19.
(<< back)
259
4 ‘Lives of the Berkeleys’, op. cit., Vol. I, p. 307.
(<< back)
260
5 A. Hamilton Thompson, ‘Register of John Gynewell, Bishop of Lincoln, for the Years 1347–50’, Archaeological Journal, Vol. 68, 1911, p. 323 and App. 3.
(<< back)
261
6 ‘Eynsham Cartulary’, ed. H. E. Salter, Oxford Historical Society, 1907–8, Vol. 2, p. 69.
(<< back)
262
7 M. Beresford, Lost Villages of England, London, 1954, p. 159.
(<< back)
263
8 ‘Eynsham Cartulary’, Vol. 2, p.69; cf. K. J. Allison and other members of the Deserted Mediaeval Village Research Group, The Deserted Villages of Oxfordshire, Leicester, 1965.
(<< back)
264
9 P. D. A. Harvey, A Mediaeval Oxfordshire Village: Cuxham, Oxford, 1965, p.64.
(<< back)
265
10 A. Wood, History and Antiquities of the University of Oxford, Oxford, 1792, Vol. 1, p. 449.
(<< back)
266
11 E. Brown, Fasciculus rerum expetendarum et fugiendarum, London, 1690, Vol. 2, p. 473.
(<< back)
267
12 Loci e libro veritatum, ed. J. E. T. Rogers, Oxford, 1881, p. 202.
(<< back)
268
13 De Ecclesia, ed. J. Loserth, London, 1886, p. 374.
(<< back)
269
14 H. E. Salter, Mediaeval Oxford, Oxford, 1936, p.108; cf. Hastings Rashdall, Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages (ed. Powicke and Emden), Oxford, 1936, Vol. 3, p. 317.
(<< back)
270
15 V.C.H. Berkshire, Vol. II, pp. 185–7.
(<< back)
271
16 Hamilton Thompson, op. cit., p. 322.
(<< back)
272
17 L. J. Ashford, History of the Borough of High Wycombe, London, 1960, p. 49.
(<< back)
273
18 V.C.H. Wiltshire, Vol. IV, p. 39.
(<< back)
274
19 Gasquet, op. cit., p. 130.
(<< back)
275
20 Reg. Edendon ii, fol. 17, ‘Mandatum ad
orandum pro Pestilentia’, cit. Gasquet, op. cit., p. 124.
(<< back)
276
21 V.C.H. Hampshire, Vol. II, pp. 32–3.
(<< back)
277
22 Dr J. Lunn, cit. Coulton, p. 496.
(<< back)
278
23 N. S. and E. C. Gras, The Economic and Social History of an EnglishVillage, Harvard, 1930, p. 153.
(<< back)
279
24 ibid., p. 76.
(<< back)
280
25 Gasquet, op. cit. pp. 216–18.
(<< back)
281
26 Originalia Roll 29, Ed. Ill m. 8., cit. Gasquet, p. 217.
(<< back)
282
27 British Mediaeval Population, op. cit., p. 285.
(<< back)
283
28 W. L. Woodland, The Story of Winchester, London, 1952, p. 114. V.C.H. Hampshire, Vol. II, p. 32.
(<< back)
284
29 H. C. M. Lambert, History of Banstead in Surrey, Oxford, 1931, p. 15.
(<< back)
285
30 E Robo, ‘The Black Death in the Hundred of Farnham’, Eng. Hist.Rev.,Vol. XLIV, 1929, p. 560.
(<< back)
286
1 J.C. Russell, British Mediaeval Population, op. cit., pp. 286–7.
(<< back)
287
2 I have made much use of E. L. Sabine’s three essays in Speculum: ‘Butchering in Mediaeval London’, Vol. VIII, 1933, p.335; ‘Latrines and Cess-pools of Mediaeval London’, Vol. IX, 1934, p. 303; and ‘City cleaning in Mediaeval London’, Vol. XII, 1937, p. 19, in preparing this chapter.
(<< back)
288
3 B. Lambert, History and Survey of London, London, 1806, Vol. 1, p. 241.
(<< back)
289
4 H. J. Riley, Memorials of London and London Life, London, 1868, p. 295.
(<< back)
290
5 ‘Historical MSS. belonging to the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury’, H. Mss. Comm., Second Report, p. 338.
(<< back)
291
6 Robert of Avesbury, R.S. 93, p. 407.
(<< back)
292
7 Greenwood, Epidemics and Crowd Diseases, op. cit., p. 291.
(<< back)
293
8 McKisack, The Fourteenth Century, Oxford, 1949, p. 220.
(<< back)
294
9 Dom. D. Knowles, The Religious Orders in England, Cambridge, 1955, Vol. II, pp.130-31. W. Hope, History of the London Charterhouse, London, 1925, p.8.
(<< back)
295
10 op. cit., p. 407.
(<< back)
296
11 Survey of London, Vol. II, p. 81.
(<< back)
297
12 Abstract of the Population Returns of 1831, London, 1832, p. 11.
(<< back)
298
13 C. H. Talbot and E. A. Hammond, The Medical Practitioner in Mediaeval England, London, 1965, p. 312.
(<< back)
299
14 Creighton, op. cit., Vol. I, p. 129.
(<< back)
300
15 Chronicon Johannis de Reading, ed. J. Tait, Manchester, 1914, p.108.
(<< back)
301
16 A. R. Stanley, Memorials of Westminster Abbey, London, 1868, pp. 376–7.
(<< back)
302
17 J. C. Russell, op. cit., p. 285.
(<< back)
303
18 Creighton, op. cit., Vol. I, p. 195.
(<< back)
304
19 Knighton, op. cit., p. 120.
(<< back)
305
20 John of Reading, op. cit., pp. 109–10.
(<< back)
306
1 V.C.H. Sussex, Vol. II, p. 77.
(<< back)
307
2 ibid., Vol. II, p. 54.
(<< back)
308
3 ibid., Vol. II, p. 182.
(<< back)
309
4 Willelmi de Dene, ‘Historia Rossensis’, Wharton, Anglia Sacra, Vol. I, pp. 375–6.