Army of Northern Virginia, 56
Arnold, Henry “Hap,” 3, 16, 293, 300–301, 338, 367n
Ashford General Hospital, 277–80, 288, 293
Associated Press, 278, 322, 327
Ata tribe, 230, 232, 233–35
Athena, 241, 243, 247–48
atomic bomb, 331
atrocity stories:
Army-Navy statement on, 315, 317, 319
of Dyess, 279–81, 285–86, 288, 291–92, 300–301, 307, 308–9, 312, 314–16, 320, 322–23, 329, 334, 341
and fear of Japanese reprisals against POWs, 280, 301
Fourth War Loan Drive and, 324–26
as fulfillment of escapees’ goal, 337
government suppression of, 278, 280–85, 288, 291–92, 300–301, 307, 308–17, 326–27, 400n
impact on Pacific war of, 329–31, 333–34
from Japanese-occupied China, 285
Japanese response to, 322–23
of McCoy and Mellnik, 315–16, 320, 323, 341
as propaganda for countering homefront complacency, 310, 324, 332, 400n
public reaction to, 319–23, 331–33
treatment of POWs after publication of, 334–36
Aurora, 261
Australia, 30, 33, 35, 109, 179, 238, 250, 292
MacArthur evacuated to, 53–54, 84, 241
MacArthur’s headquarters in, see Southwest Pacific Area, GHQ (Brisbane)
B-17 bombers, 11, 12, 31, 365n
Japanese destruction of, 19, 20
B-24 bombers, 11
Baguilod, Aquilino, 218, 230, 236, 238, 243
Baguio, 16
Balanga, 60, 70, 75
Baldwin, Hanson W., 328, 334
Balingasag, 184, 248
Balingbing, 348
Ball, Robert, 257
Balongating, 269
Bank, Bert:
background of, 81
on Bataan Death March, 82
blindness of, 132, 187
at Cabanatuan, 97, 102, 109
at Camp O’Donnell, 80–81, 82
at Davao, 132, 160, 186–87, 195–98, 221, 223–24, 293
liberation of, 339
postwar career of, 349
sense of humor of, 81–82, 223
Bank, Emma Minkowitz, 349
Barnick, Roland, 51, 57
Baroy, 184, 317
Bataan, Battle of, 31, 34–45, 46–58, 122, 331
food shortages in, 28–29, 33, 35, 295, 370n, 373n
U.S. surrender in, 52–58, 244, 261, 278, 282
Bataan, Mount, 27
Bataan Death March, xiii, 6, 61–73, 75, 82, 91–92, 95, 96, 122, 186, 275, 306, 320, 331, 332, 338, 351, 353
casualty estimates for, 73
clean-up (buzzard) squads on, 64
Filipino civilians and, 66, 67
Filipino POWs on, 64
Homma’s good intentions for, 68–69
sick and wounded POWs on, 64–65
starvation in, 65
Bataan Field, 38, 40, 41, 42, 51
Bataan Peninsula, 2, 60
civilian refugees on, 35
FEAF evacuated from, 51–52
USAFFE retreat to, 23, 27–28, 34, 309
War Plan Orange and, 10
Bataan Relief Organization, 283, 309, 327, 337
Baxter, Tom, 236, 237
Bay of Pigs, 348
beheadings, 61–62, 64, 69, 70, 78, 92, 103, 108, 186, 291, 330
Beldua, Onofre, 219
beriberi, 78, 79, 131, 132, 245
Biggs, Lloyd, 106–8
Bilibid Prison, 110, 122, 343
Binucayan, 184, 234
Bissell, Clayton, 315–16, 326–27
Bissell, Richard, 348
black market, 35, 103, 105
blackwater fever, 297
Bloom, Sol, 321
Blum, John Morton, 324–25
Boelens, Leo, 49–50, 52, 57–58, 288–90, 309
background of, 50–51
at Davao, 122, 145, 152, 161, 166, 171, 178–80
death of, 317–18
in escape planning, 152, 161, 166, 171, 178–80
Lanao airfield project of, 289, 297, 317–18
reburial of, 348–49
Boelens, Leo, in escape from Davao:
Davao swamp to Kapungagan, 198–200, 202
first day, 187, 191, 193
Kapungagan to Medina, 231–32, 235
in Medina, 251–52
in Misamis, 256–57, 258–59, 261, 263–64
Bohol Island, 260
Bonifacio, 184, 261
Borneo, 88, 149
Bowfin, USS, 184, 288
Bowler, Louis, 249
Bowler, Robert V., 249, 253, 257
Boy Scouts of America, 325–26
Braun, Albert, 187
Brazil Maru, 187
Breitung, Howard, 106–8
Brereton, Lewis, 16, 367n
British Expeditionary Force, 68
Brown, Ben, 39
Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR), 205, 236–37, 298
Bryant, Paul, 82
Buenavista, 184, 236–37, 243
Bukidnon Province, 119, 239, 247, 248–49
Bulkeley, John D., 241
Burbank, Calif., 300–305
Burma, 149, 328, 334
Burma Road, 30
Burma-Siam Railroad, 330
Burns, John, 37–38, 42, 44
Bushido, 62, 69
Butuan, 234, 236, 252, 298
Butuan Bay, 236
Cabanatuan City, 96, 110
Cabanatuan prison camp (Camp One), xiii, 6, 60, 93–109, 110, 116, 122, 125, 132, 136, 148, 154, 198, 202, 249, 320, 343, 349, 352
American administration at, 105–6
Army Ranger raid on, 339
black market at, 103, 105, 138–39, 186
deaths at, 97, 353
disease at, 93–94, 96–97
escape attempts at, 104–8, 149, 158, 190
Formosan guards at, 101–2, 110
gambling at, 100
hospital at, 97
POW perimeter guards at, 106
POW shows and classes at, 99–100, 103–4
rumors at, 100–101
shooting squads at, 105, 196
starvation at, 96, 153
Cabcaben Field, Bataan, 38, 49, 52, 60, 67
Cagayan, 184, 248, 251
Cagayan River, 248
California, University of, Berkeley, 24
Camiguin Island, 257
Campo, Anastacio, 142
Campo, Fely, 128, 131, 141, 142, 163, 195, 350–51
Camp One, see Cabanatuan prison camp Cañacao, 22
Canopus, USS, 53
Capas, 60, 68, 73
Capra, Frank, 338, 340
Carberry, Richard E., 185, 187
in escape planning, 160, 166, 176
cargadores, 218–19, 230, 232
Carolus, Devonia, 18
Carpenter, Frank, 189–90
Carrizo Springs, Tex., 138, 192
Casey, Hugh J., 286
Casiana, 136, 139
Cateel, 150, 214, 227
Catholicism, 67, 98, 160, 206
Cavite, 10, 20, 22–23, 60
Cayugan, 237
CBS radio network, 326
Cebu City, 141, 343
Cebu Harbor, 57
Cebu Island, 2, 50, 250
Celebes Sea, 6, 184
censorship, in World War II, 281–82, 284–85, 333
see also Office of Censorship; Office of War Information
Central Pacific Area, 328, 329
Chabot, Leon, 101
Chanute Field, Rantoul, Ill., 51
Chavez, Dennis, 327
Chiang Kai-shek, 30
Chicago Tribune, 33, 305, 311, 331
Dyess story and, 279–80, 285–86, 287, 292, 300–301, 307, 309, 312, 314–16, 320, 322, 341
Childress, Clyde C., 245, 247, 255, 257, 344, 345, 349
China, 334, 349
&nb
sp; Japanese atrocities in, 285
Japanese invasion of, see Sino-Japanese War
Nationalist army of, 30, 49
and 1941 Japanese offensive, 16
CIA, 348
Civil War, U.S., 56
Clapper, Raymond, 285
Clark, Al, 272–73, 306
Clark, Bennett, 321
Clark Field, Luzon, 9, 12, 23, 60
Japanese attack on, 16–17, 18–21, 367n
Cole, Joe, 17, 19
Collier’s, 279, 316
colonos (Filipino convicts), 123, 128, 149, 162, 165, 191
Congress, U.S.:
abandonment of Philippines protested in, 34
reaction to atrocity stories in, 320–21, 323
see also House of Representatives, U.S.; Senate, U.S.
Congressional Medal of Honor, 306, 348
Congressional Record, 309, 311
Constitution, U.S., First Amendment to, 301, 333
Coral Sea, Battle of, 333
Corcino, Ernesto, 215
Corregidor, 22, 24–25, 31, 51, 56, 60, 112
Japanese air raids on, 25–26, 83–84, 136
Japanese invasion of, 69
MacArthur’s evacuation from, 53–54, 84
as MacArthur’s headquarters, 28–29
MacArthur’s return to, 346–47
Malinta Tunnel on, 25, 29, 33, 36, 38, 83–84, 86, 137
radio broadcasts from, 37
siege of, 33, 36–37, 46, 74–75, 83–84, 136–37, 202, 249, 261
surrender of, 86–87, 96, 243
Crellin, Erwin, 40, 43–44
crocodiles, 204–5
Cronin, Ray, 312
Crosland, Donald “Shorty,” 40–41
Cuba, 33
Cummings, William T., 37
Custer, George, 31
Czech nationals, at Camp O’Donnell, 380n
Daan-Lungsod, 184, 246–47, 260
Dallas Morning News, 295
Daly, Charles, 369n
Dansalan prison camp, 240
Darnton, Byron, 278
Davao City, 6, 16, 115, 122, 140, 160, 184, 189, 196, 216, 239–40, 344
Davao escapees:
Anibogan-Lungaog railway and, 160, 192, 205, 209–11
Davao swamp to Kapungagan, 198–207, 208–21, 224–28
division of group at Buenavista, 236
division of group at Medina, 259–60, 287
fiestas for, 214, 220–21, 246–47
first day, 185–95
income from publishing deals divided among, 341, 346
Japanese patrols and, 210, 214–16, 221, 261, 266–68
Kapunagagan to Medina, 229–45
Medina to Dumanquilas Bay, 246–62, 263–73
rendezvous of USS Trout and, 264–65
see also escape plans
Davao Gulf, 115–16, 184
Davao Penal Colony (Dapecol), 116–18, 119–42, 143–57, 158–67, 168–81, 184, 216, 238, 244, 249, 336, 353
aftermath of escape at, 195–98, 221–24, 339
American administration at, 169–70, 222
chicken farm at, 134–35, 147–48, 190
Christmas celebration at, 141–42
classes and tournaments at, 165
coffee farm at, 140, 146–47, 159, 166, 172, 190
cornfield at, 135
daily routine at, 126–27
disease at, 126–27, 131–32, 164
escapees from, see Davao escapees
escape planning at, see escape plans
failed rescue of POWs at, 342–45
Filipino civilians at, 123, 128, 141–42
Filipino convicts (colonos) at, 123, 128, 149, 162, 165, 191
Filipino hospital at, 128, 163, 195
food pilfering at, 127–28, 131, 139, 146–48, 154, 175
food rations at, 119, 130–31, 140, 153, 223, 274
goldbricking at, 128
guards at, 128–30, 135, 139, 146, 172–76, 180–81, 188–90, 222–23
Japanese-POW baseball game at, 155–56
layout of, 120–21, 124–25
Mactan rice fields at, 126–27, 132–33, 146, 178
“Operation Chicken” at, 147–48, 161
plowing detail at, 126, 145–46, 159, 164–65, 166, 170, 172, 189
postcards from POWs at, 144–45
POW hospital at, 128, 131, 180–81
POWs relocated from, 343, 349
Red Cross packages at, 143–44, 145
rumors at, 143, 159, 197
shooting squad policy at, 153, 196, 223
“Toonerville Trolley” at, 126, 134, 178
as ultra-maximum-security prison, 123
work details at, 126–27, 132–33, 145–46, 159, 179
Davao Penal Farm, 353–54
Davao Province, Japanese settlers in, 122
Davao swamp, 123, 158–59, 192, 198–207, 208–9, 221
David, Eligio, 219, 221, 229
Davidson, Roy E., 303
Davis, Elmer, 282, 301, 309–13, 315–16, 324
Davis, John Arthur, 339
Daws, Gavan, 149
“Death Was a Part of Our Life” (McCoy, Mellnik, and Kelley), 323
de Jesus, Roberto, 265
de Juan, Casiano “Big Boy,” 212–19, 230, 236, 253, 298, 349, 350–51
de la Cruz, Benigno, 195
in escape planning, 163–64, 166–67, 176, 178, 390n
in guerrilla army, 247, 349–50
postwar career of, 350
Quezon’s pardon of, 287, 343
de la Cruz, Benigno, in escape from Davao:
Davao swamp to Kapungagan, 198–99, 204, 209, 211–12
first day, 191–92, 194
Del Monte Field, Mindanao, 365n
del Mundo, Wenceslao “Ben,” 317–18
dengue fever, 96–97, 131
Detroit Free Press, 333
Dewey, George, 10
diarrhea, 78, 97
Dill, John, 32
Dinas River, 269
diphtheria, 97
Distinguished Service Cross (DSC), 275, 299, 350
Dobervich, Mike, 46–47, 48–49, 89, 97, 340
background of, 48
in Bataan Death March, 75
at Cabanatuan, 93–95, 105, 108, 110
at Camp O’Donnell, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 380n
at Davao, 127–28, 141–42, 152–53, 161–62, 164–66, 168–71, 174, 177–78, 180–81
DSC awarded to, 299–300
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