287“upon his army” Grant, 604.
288“intelligent black man” To Edwin M. Stanton, 2/8/65, CWVIII:273–274. Joseph Louis Cook, who had a black father, was commissioned as a lieutenant colonel in the Continental Army in 1779, but he self-identified as an American Indian.
289“their situation” Speech on the Kansas-Nebraska Act at Peoria, Illinois, 10/16/54, SWII:315.
289“as long as you are president” Thomas, 502.
289“white trash” Donald, 317.
289a proclamation Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction, 12/8/63, SWII:555–558.
290“very intelligent” To Michael Hahn, 3/13/64, SWII:579.
291“energy, and daring” Speech on Reconstruction, Washington, DC, 4/11/65, SWII:699–700.
291“he will ever make” Donald, 588.
292“own responsibility” Francis Wilson, 50–54.
292himself had nixed Donald, 677–678.
294“liberate them” Address at Cooper Institute, New York City, 2/27/60, SWII:125.
294“bullfrog” Donald, 597.
295a disgrace to the age Sherman, II:349. This is Sherman’s characterization of what Johnston said. In his own memoirs Johnston said he called it “the greatest possible calamity to the South” (Johnston, 402).
Epilogue
299Another was given World’s Orators, X:300–305.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
One book that does not appear in this bibliography, but which anyone interested in Lincoln should read, is Richard Weaver’s The Ethics of Rhetoric, particularly the chapters “Edmund Burke and the Argument from Circumstance” and “Abraham Lincoln and the Argument from Definition.”
Abbreviations of Most-Cited Works
CW
Lincoln, Abraham. Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln. Roy P. Basler, ed. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1953.
H
Herndon, William. Herndon’s Life of Lincoln. With Introduction and Notes by Paul M. Angle. New York: Da Capo Press, 1983.
HI
Herndon’s Informants. Douglas L. Wilson and Rodney O. Davis, eds. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998.
J
Jefferson, Thomas. The Life and Selected Writings of Thomas Jefferson. Adrienne Koch and William Peden, eds. New York: Modern Library, 1944.
P
Paine, Thomas. Collected Writings. Eric Foner, ed. New York: Library of America, 1995.
SW
Lincoln, Abraham. Speeches and Writings. Don E. Fehrenbacher, ed. New York: Library of America, 1989.
Abridgement of the Debates of Congress. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1861.
Adams, Charles Francis, Jr. An Autobiography. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1916.
Adams, Henry. History of the United States During the Administrations of James Madison. New York: Library of America, 1986.
Alter, Robert. The Wisdom Books. New York: W. W. Norton, 2010.
American Antislavery Writings: Colonial Beginnings to Emancipation. James G. Basker, ed. New York: Library of America, 2012.
American Speeches: Political Oratory from the Revolution to the Civil War. Ted Widmer, ed. New York: Library of America, 2006.
Appendix to the Congressional Globe for the First Session, Thirtieth Congress. Washington, DC: Blair and Rives, 1848.
Bayne, Julia Taft. Tad Lincoln’s Father. Boston: Little, Brown, 1931.
Boritt, Gabor S. Lincoln and the Economics of the American Dream. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994.
Bray, Robert. Reading with Lincoln. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2010.
Brookhiser, Richard. “Abraham Lincoln’s Cooper Union Address.” For the People, a Newsletter of the Abraham Lincoln Association, Spring 2014.
———. America’s First Dynasty. New York: The Free Press, 2002.
———. Founding Father: Rediscovering George Washington. New York: The Free Press, 1996.
———. Gentleman Revolutionary. New York: The Free Press, 2003.
———. James Madison. New York: Basic Books, 2011.
———. “Was Lincoln Gay?” New York Times Book Review, January 9, 2005.
———. “We’ve Been Here Before” (Harrison). American History, June 2012.
———. “We’ve Been Here Before” (Vallandingham). American History, August 2013.
Brooks, Noah. Lincoln Observed. Michael Burlingame, ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998.
Chambrun, Marquis de. “Personal Recollections of Mr. Lincoln.” Scribner’s 13, no. 1 (1893).
Chapman, John Jay. William Lloyd Garrison. New York: Moffat, Yard, 1913.
Chesnut, Mary Boykin. A Diary from Dixie . . . Isabella D. Martin and Myrta Lockett Avary, eds. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1905.
Collins, Gail. William Henry Harrison. New York: Times Books, 2012.
Congressional Globe, 36th Cong., 1st sess. Washington, DC: John C. Rives, 1859–1860.
Cutts, J. Madison. A Brief Treatise upon Constitutional and Party Questions. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1866.
Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States. Washington, DC: Gales and Seaton, 1834.
Donald, David Herbert. Lincoln. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995.
Douglas, Stephen. “The Dividing Line Between Federal and Local Authority . . . ” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, vol. 19, June to November 1859.
Dyer, Oliver. Great Senators of the United States Forty Years Ago. New York: Robert Bonner’s Sons, 1889.
Ellis, Joseph J. American Sphinx. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1997.
Everett, Edward. Orations and Speeches on Various Occasions. Boston: Little, Brown, 1868.
Fehrenbacher, Don E. Prelude to Greatness. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1962.
Fehrenbacher, Don E., and Virginia Fehrenbacher. Recollected Words of Abraham Lincoln. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1996.
Fischer, David Hackett. Washington’s Crossing. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
Foner, Eric. The Fiery Trial. New York: W. W. Norton, 2010.
Foote, Henry S. Casket of Reminiscences. Washington, DC: Chronicle, 1874.
Franklin, Benjamin. Writings. J. A. Leo Lemay, ed. New York: Library of America, 1987.
Goodwin, Doris Kearns. Team of Rivals. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2005.
Grant, Ulysses S. Personal Memoirs. New York: Penguin, 1999.
Greeley, Horace. Recollections of a Busy Life. New York: J. B. Ford and Company, 1868.
Guelzo, Allen C. Abraham Lincoln: Redeemer President. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1999.
Gurney, Eliza P. Memoir and Correspondence of Eliza P. Gurney. Richard F. Mott, ed. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1884.
Hamilton, Alexander. Writings. Joanne Freeman, ed. New York: Library of America, 2001.
Herz, Emanuel. The Hidden Lincoln. New York: Blue Ribbon Books, 1940.
Holzer, Harold. The Civil War in 50 Objects. New York: Viking, 2013.
———. The Lincoln Anthology. New York: Library of America, 1989.
———. Lincoln at Cooper Union. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2004.
Howe, Daniel Walker. The Political Culture of the American Whigs. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1979.
Jaffa, Harry V. Crisis of the House Divided. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
Johnston, Joseph E. Narrative of Military Operations. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1874.
Keane, John. Tom Paine. Boston: Little, Brown, 1995.
Lehrman, Lewis E. Lincoln at Peoria. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2008.
Levasseur, Auguste. Lafayette in America. Philadelphia: Carey and Lea, 1829.
Lincoln Legal Briefs, Quarterly Newsletter of the Lincoln Legal Papers, January–March 1995, no.33.
Lowry, Rich. Lincoln Unbound. New York: HarperCollins, 2013.
Madison, James. Debates in the Federal Convention of 1787. James McClellan and M. E. Bradford, eds. Richmond, VA: Jam
es River Press, 1989.
———. Writings. Jack N. Rakove, ed. New York: Library of America, 1999.
Martineau, Harriet. Retrospect of Western Travel. London: Saunders and Otley, 1838.
Miller, Richard Lawrence. “Lincoln’s ‘Suicide’ Poem: Has It Been Found?” For the People, a Newsletter of the Abraham Lincoln Association, Spring 2004.
Moore, John Bassett, ed. The Works of James Buchanan. John Bassett Moore, ed. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1910.
Nasby, Petroleum V. The Nasby Papers. Indianapolis: C. O. Perrine, 1864.
Peterson, Merrill D. The Jefferson Image in the American Mind. New York: Oxford University Press, 1962.
Pinsker, Matthew. “Senator Abraham Lincoln.” Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association 14, no. 2 (1993).
Register of Debates in Congress, 22nd Cong., 1st sess. Washington, DC: Gales and Seaton, 1833.
Rowland, Kate Mason. The Life of Charles Carroll of Carrollton. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1898.
Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr. The Age of Jackson. Boston: Little, Brown, 1946.
Sheahan, James W. The Life of Stephen Douglas. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1860.
Sherman, William T. Memoirs of General William T. Sherman. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1904.
Stephens, Alexander H. Recollections of Alexander H. Stephens. Myrta Lockett Avary, ed. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1998.
Strozier, Robert. Lincoln’s Quest for Union. Philadelphia: Paul Dry Books, 2001.
Tarbell, Ida M. The Life of Abraham Lincoln. New York: Lincoln Memorial Association, 1895.
Thomas, Benjamin P. Abraham Lincoln. New York: Barnes and Noble Books, 1993.
Thoreau, Henry David. Great Short Works of Henry David Thoreau. Wendell Glick, ed. New York: Harper and Row, 1982.
Tocqueville, Alexis de. Journey to America. George Lawrence, trans.; J. P. Mayer, ed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1959.
Tripp, C. A. The Intimate World of Abraham Lincoln. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2005.
Ward, Artemus. Artemus Ward: His Book. New York: Carleton, 1864.
Washington, George. Writings. John Rhodehamel, ed. New York: Library of America, 1997.
Weems, Mason Locke. Life of Washington. Cleveland: World Publishing, 1965.
Wills, Garry. Lincoln at Gettysburg. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1992.
Wilson, Douglas L. Honor’s Voice. New York: Vintage Books, 1998.
Wilson, Francis. John Wilkes Booth. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1929.
Winthrop, Robert C. Addresses and Speeches on Various Occasions. Boston: Little, Brown, 1852.
Wood, Gordon S. Empire of Liberty. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
The World’s Orators. Guy Carlton Lee, ed. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1901.
INDEX
Abolitionists, 168
on lynchings, 65–66
newspapers and, 62–63
politics and, 49–50, 101
Adams, Charles Francis, 181, 227
Adams, Charles Francis, Jr., 252, 297
Adams, Henry, 214
Adams, John, 26, 84, 162, 181, 184
Adams, John Quincy, 26, 45, 84, 181, 227
Adams, Samuel, 52
Africa, 3
The Age of Reason (Paine), 52, 53, 58, 156
Agriculture, 95
Alabama, 187
Alexandria (Virginia), 212
Alien and Sedition Acts, 185
Allen, Ethan, 175–176
American Civil War, 5, 201, 285
duration of, 247
proclamations during, 201, 289–290
See also Confederacy; Union
American Colonization Society, 100, 220
American Party, 121–122, 172
American Revolution, 118
heroes and veterans of, 13–14, 25–26
veterans of, 13–14
American West, 116
The American Crisis (Paine), 52
Anaconda plan, 211, 214, 239, 248
Argument from design, 30
Aristotle, 61
Arizona, 83, 220
Arkansas, 109, 203
Armstrong, Jack, 39–40, 43, 139–140
Arnold, Benedict, 293
Artillery, 4
Atlanta, 254
Baker, Edward, 78–79, 81, 189–190, 257, 281
Baldwin, Abraham, 152–153
Bank of the United States, 95
Bates, Edward, 172, 175, 181, 219, 258
Battle of Buena Vista, 81
Battle of Cerro Gordo, 81
Battle of Gettysburg, 8
Battle of New Orleans, 45, 185, 212
Battle of Shiloh, 215
Battle of Trenton, 30–34, 52, 202, 212, 230, 243
Bayne, Julia Taft, 270
“The Bear Hunt” (Lincoln, Abraham), 60
Bedell, Grace, 179, 206
Beecher, Henry Ward, 144
Beecher, Lyman, 78–79
Bell, John, 177, 179
Benjamin, Judah, 252
Bible, 9, 53–56, 117–118, 126, 195
content of, 269–270
Proverbs of, 230
reading of, 269–270
Bixby, Lydia, 258, 265
Black Hawk, 39
Black Hawk War, 39–40
Blacks, 39, 249–250, 288
equality for, 133–134
free, 38, 221
as inferior race, 124
suffrage and, 70
See also Negroes
Blair, Francis, Jr., 182, 221, 265
Blair, Francis, Sr., 182, 221, 263–264
Blair, Montgomery, 182, 211, 226, 254–255, 298
Booth, Edwin, 291–292
Booth, John Wilkes, 291–296
Boritt, Gabor, 70
Brady, Mathew, 205–206
Breckinridge, John, 177, 179
British Empire, 86–88
Brooks, Noah, 258–259
Brooks, Preston, 166–167, 281
Brown, Christopher, 175
Brown, John, 167–170, 186, 191, 196, 230, 281, 293–295
Browne, Charles Farrar (Ward, Artemus), 225, 245
Buchanan, James, 121–122, 127, 128–129, 131–132, 149, 176
Buchaneers. See National Democrats
Bull Run, 212
See also Second Battle of Bull Run
Burns, Robert, 59
Burnside, Ambrose, 213–214
Butler, Andrew, 166
Butler, Benjamin, 222
Byron, Lord, 59–60, 63–64, 261–262, 274, 291
California, 83, 96–98, 106–107, 187
Cameron, James, 257
Cameron, Simon (Great Winnebago Chieftain), 173, 175, 182, 205, 218, 251, 257
Camillus, 25
Campbell, John, 286
Canaan, 195
Canada, 3
Canal-building, 46–49
Capitol, US, 83
Careers, 3–5, 8
congressman (1847), 81–87
general store partner, 40, 44
law, 37, 39, 43, 48, 75–78, 139–140
military service, 39–40
postmaster, 40, 41
riverboat, 38–39
store clerk, 39
surveyor, 40
See also Politics
Caribbean, 130, 230
Carpenter, Francis, 298
Carroll, Charles, 1–2, 5, 17, 47
Cartwright, Peter, 56, 79
Cass, Lewis, 93–94
Central America, 130, 210, 221, 298
Chancellorsville, debacle of, 238
“The Character of George Washington,” 178
Chase, Salmon Portland, 172–173, 250–251, 255, 278
allies of, 219, 287, 298
as cabinet secretary, 182, 183, 218
Chesnut, Mary, 198, 239, 277
Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage (Byron), 63–64
Chiriqui coast, 221, 288
Christianity, 51–53, 56–57, 106
&n
bsp; Clay, Henry, 45, 113, 149, 196, 263
American System and, 94–96
death of, 98–101, 105, 117, 231
eulogy for, 99–101, 117, 189, 242
narrative of, 90
politics and, 80–81, 89–94
slavery and, 97–98
Clay, John (Henry Clay’s son), 230–231
Clay, Lucretia (Henry Clay’s wife/widow), 231, 241, 273
Cleveland Plain Dealer, 225
Clinton, Bill, 205
Clinton, DeWitt, 47–48
Coal, 221
Cole, Thomas, 280–281
Coles, Edward, 37–38, 159–162, 223
Colonization, 126, 221
Common Sense (Paine), 52
Compromise of 1850, 99, 108
Confederacy, 198, 212
capital of, 211, 286
collapse and surrender of, 285–291, 293, 295
constitution of, 232
Declaration of Independence and, 232–233
end of, 264–265, 293
losses of, 215–216, 248, 285–286
subculture of, 210–211
Confederate Congress, 193
Confederate Constitution, 193–194
Confiscation Act, second, 226
Confiscation Act of 1861, 223
Congress, US, 45, 206–207, 298
houses of, 237
powers of, 50, 146, 226
sessions of, 207, 231, 298–299
slavery and, 123
Congress of the Articles of Confederation, 18, 190
Constitution, US, 99–100, 125
amendments to, 120, 123, 155, 191, 226, 236–237, 263, 265, 288–291, 299
articles of, 49–50, 91, 209
on executive power, 204
habeas corpus and, 207–208
liberty and, 230–231
slavery and, 8, 49–50, 116–118, 135–137
See also Preamble to Constitution
Constitutional Convention (1787), 18, 154–155, 235, 287
Continental Congress (1776), 162, 164, 190
Cooke, Jay, 251
Corning, Erastus, 208
Crawford, Josiah, 27, 33
Crawford, William, 45
Crittenden, John, 210
Cuba, 210, 298
Curry, John Steuart, 168
Curtis, Benjamin, 125
Custis, Daniel Parke, 27
Custis, George Washington Parke, 83–84
Davis, David, 175
Davis, Jefferson, 165, 193, 214, 222, 233, 263–264, 286
Dayton, William, 122
Decatur, Stephen, 68–69
Declaration of Independence, 101, 267
Founders' Son: A Life of Abraham Lincoln Page 34