Fallen Founder

by Nancy Isenberg

  —and election of 1800–01, 118, 177–78, 196–202, 204, 205–8, 209–14, 215, 216–19, 220, 296, 374, 411

  —as vice president (1801–05), vii, viii, 3, 161, 226–27, 228, 229–31, 245–46; “Aaron Burr!” handbill attack, 222, 231–32, 255; Cheetham attacks, 243–45, 247–50, 254–55; campaign for New York State governorship (1804), 252–55, 256, 257, 391, 411; duel with Hamilton, see Hamilton-Burr duel; as a fugitive in the south, 269; return to Washington, 272–73; Chase impeachment trial, 272, 275–77, 278–79; farewell speech, 279–82

  —western journey (1805), 149, 292–96; return to east coast, 301; purchase of Bastrop property, 302, 305; second western journey (1806), 303–4, 369

  —filibuster campaign, 161, 282–83, 287–88, 293, 294, 296, 297, 302–4, 307, 311, 316, 320, 322, 332, 335, 355, 362, 364, 365, 367–68, 370, 376, 381, 383, 406; seen as “Burr Conspiracy,” 272, 288, 299–301, 306–9; Daveiss’s charges and Kentucky hearings, 301, 306, 309–11; Wilkinson’s betrayal and Jefferson’s accusation, 311–16, 319, 343, 345; flight to Mississippi and absolution by grand jury, 316, 319–20, 325, 334; capture in Alabama, 318, 320–23

  —trials and acquittal on treason charges (1807), 16, 161, 274, 277–78, 323–63, 364, 367, 384, 408, 411; Ohio misdemeanor indictment, 362–63, 370, 386

  —debts and civil suits following trial, 367, 369, 390; appeal for compensation for military service, 390–91

  —travels abroad (1808–12): England, 367, 369, 370, 371–76, 379–80, 386; Scotland, 376–79; Sweden, 380–81, 382; Denmark, 381; Germany, 382; France, 382–84; Holland, 384; private journal, 56, 377–79, 409

  —opening of Nassau Street law office (1812), 387; reestablishment in Albany, 388; concern for women and family law, 388–90; Croghan and Eden cases, 395–97; military service pension, 399

  —marriage to Eliza Jumel (1833), 400–403

  —death (1836), 403–4; burial, 405

  Burr, Aaron, Sr. (father), 4, 5, 7, 8, 23, 58, 61, 115, 149, 405

  Burr, Aaron Columbus (Aaron Burr Colombe) (adoptive son), 397

  Burr, Daniel (grandfather), 7

  Burr, Elizabeth (heir), 402

  Burr, Esther (mother), 3, 4, 5, 6–7, 79

  Burr, Frances Ann (heir), 402

  Burr, Sally (daughter), 76

  Burr, Sally (sister). See Reeve, Sally Burr

  Burr, Thaddeus (cousin), 59, 60, 61, 69

  Burr, Theodosia (daughter). See Alston, Theodosia Burr

  Burr, Theodosia Prevost (wife), viii, 3, 54, 55, 56, 61, 62, 64–74, 75–76, 77–80, 91, 92, 97, 108, 123–24, 158, 242; death (1794), 72, 127, 234

  Burrites, 101, 117, 185, 198, 227, 228, 244, 247–49, 253, 254, 266, 284, 297, 361, 385, 392, 411

  Butler, Pierce, 122, 147, 269, 300

  Butler, Thomas, son of, 304

  Callender, James Thomson, 163

  Calvo. See Casa Calvo

  Campbell, Col. Donald, 26–28

  Canada, 160–62, 283, 383, 406; invasion of 1775, 20, 22, 24–25

  Canning, Mr., 371–72

  Carlos (AB’s slave), 91

  Carr, Dabney, 362

  Cartmel, Robert, 395

  Casa Calvo, marqués de, 288, 290, 297

  Casa Yrujo. See Yrujo

  Cataline, 48, 212, 245, 248, 254, 300, 301, 307–8, 361, 410

  Catherine the Great, 78

  Cayuga Bridge Company, 180, 375

  Cazenove, Théophile, 181, 182

  “Celeste,” 237, 238–39

  Charles IV, king of Spain, 372

  Chase, Nelson, 401

  Chase, Samuel, 272, 273–79, 340

  Cheesman, Jacob, 20, 26

  Cheetham, James, 224, 243–44, 245, 246–48, 249, 250, 254, 255, 266, 273, 282, 296, 299, 300, 308, 353, 404, 410, 411

  Chernow, Ron, Alexander Hamilton, 408–9

  Chesterfield, Lord, 60, 74, 75, 77, 123, 411; Letters to his Son, 61, 81

  chivalry, culture of, 62, 68–69

  Church, John Barker, 163, 164, 182, 185, 188

  cipher letter, 312–13, 315, 327–28, 330, 336, 346, 349, 355, 363

  Citation Act of 1782, 88, 89

  citizen-soldier, ideal of, 29–30

  Claiborne, William C. C., 297, 313, 314, 315

  Clark, Daniel, Jr., 287

  Clark, George Rogers, 283

  Classification Bill, 391

  Clay, Henry, 261, 309–10

  Clinton, DeWitt, 218, 224, 227, 228, 229, 231, 243, 244, 246, 247, 248, 250–51, 252, 253, 256, 301, 340, 384, 393, 404

  Clinton, Edward, 228

  Clinton, George, 41, 85, 87, 88, 91, 98, 101, 102, 103–4, 105, 106, 109, 110, 111–12, 114, 116, 117, 118, 142, 143, 148, 152, 153, 179, 198, 201, 202, 208, 218, 227, 228, 231, 250–51, 252, 256, 273

  Clinton, Gen. Henry, 45

  Clinton, Col. James, 41

  Clinton faction (Clintonians), 85, 86, 87, 99, 111, 117, 143, 142, 185, 198, 227, 228, 231, 253, 254, 255, 256, 268, 301

  Cliosophic Society, 11–13, 14, 21

  Cochran, James, 391

  Cocke, William, 149

  code duello. See duels and dueling

  code of honor, 65

  Colden, Cadwallader, 67

  Colden, Cadwallader David, 193, 199

  Coleman, William, 255, 266, 268, 282

  College of New Jersey (Princeton), xx, 4, 5, 8, 9–12, 15, 16, 149, 405

  Colt, Peter, 52, 93

  Columbe, Aaron Burr, 397

  Confiscation Act of 1779, 88

  confiscation policy, 63–64, 67

  Congress Hall, Philadelphia, 122

  Conspiracy; or the Western Island, The (anon.), 408

  Constitutional Convention (1787), 8, 99, 141

  Continental Army, 15, 22, 33, 37–38, 40, 42–43, 45, 49, 61, 229; citizen-soldier ideal, 29–30

  Continental Congress, 20, 21–22, 31, 34, 36, 37–38, 42, 46, 47

  Continental Loan Office, 93

  Conway, Gen. Thomas, 47

  “Conway cabal,” 47

  Cooper, Dr. Charles D., 256–57, 258, 259, 260

  Cooper, William, 94, 111, 112, 396

  Cosway, Maria, 241

  courtly love, of republican matrons, 68–69

  Craig, Andrew, 94

  crambo, 65

  Crawford, William, 394

  Creel, Thomas, 357

  Croghan, George, 94, 98, 395–96

  Croghan, Susannah, 94

  D——, Miss, 58

  Dallas, Alexander, 147

  Daveiss, Joseph Hamilton, 301, 306, 309, 310–11, 364

  Davis, John, 159, 249

  Davis, Matthew Livingston, 26, 27, 28, 43, 198, 199, 200, 201, 219, 226, 229, 230, 231, 235, 243, 244, 249, 268, 327, 398

  Dayton, Hannah (Mrs. Matthias Ogden), 8

  Dayton, Jonathan, 8, 9, 151, 282, 286, 287, 288, 293, 294, 296, 300, 302–3, 307, 332, 350, 363, 399

  Dayton family, 8–9

  Dearborn, Henry, 226, 305, 308, 319, 324

  Declaration of Independence, 16, 33, 115, 211, 273, 373, 378, 407

  Delamater, Jacob, 85, 113–14

  Democratiad, The (anon.), 129, 139–40, 141

  Democratic-Republicans. See Republicans

  democratic societies, 126, 129–30, 131, 140–41, 145

  Democratic Society of New York, 126, 130, 134, 135, 138, 140, 171, 187

  Democratic Society of Philadelphia, 149

  Dennie, Joseph, 274

  Denning, William, 101

  De Visme, Catherine, 67, 69, 70, 180

  De Visme, Philip, 65

  Dod, Thaddeus, 56, 61

  Dow, Alexander, 41

  Dowd, Jerome, Burr and Hamilton, 409

  Duan
e, James, 88

  Duane, William, 172, 351

  duels and dueling, 47, 59, 164–65, 247, 261, 262, 266, 267, 268, 296. See also Hamilton-Burr duel

  Duer, William, 92–93, 110, 119, 155

  Dumont, Pierre-Etienne-Louis, 372–73

  Duval, Elizabeth, 70, 71

  Dwight, Timothy, 97, 202

  Eaton, Gen. William, 307, 308, 309, 320, 327, 328, 330–33, 334, 335, 346, 349, 354–55, 358, 364

  Eden, Elizabeth Maltbie (wife of Isadoro Guillet), 396, 397

  Eden, Rachel Maltbie, 396

  Eden, Rebecca Maltbie (wife of John Lynde Wilson), 396, 397

  Eden, Joseph, 396

  Eden, Medcef, Jr., 396

  Edwards, Esther (AB’s mother). See Burr, Esther

  Edwards, Frances Ogden (Mrs. Pierpont), 97

  Edwards, H. G. (pseudonym of AB), 371

  Edwards, Rev. Jonathan (AB’s grandfather), 4, 5, 6–7, 8, 21, 79, 96

  Edwards, Jonathan, Jr. (AB’s uncle), 96

  Edwards, Pierpont (AB’s uncle), 6, 96, 97, 98, 113, 124, 127, 151, 160, 202, 223, 227, 233, 235–36, 240, 246–47, 249

  Edwards, Rhoda Ogden (Mrs. Timothy), 6, 8

  Edwards, Sarah (AB’s grandmother), 5

  Edwards, Timothy (AB’s uncle), 6–8, 21, 28–29, 76, 96, 98, 110, 182

  Electoral College, 146

  Elizabethtown, New Jersey, 8, 9

  Elizabethtown Presbyterian Church, 8, 9

  Ellis, Joseph, Founding Brothers, 412

  Ellsworth, Oliver, 153

  Eltinge, Roeliff, 67

  England. See Britain

  Enlightenment, 10, 14, 29, 78, 83, 87, 125, 135, 374, 377

  Eustis, Dr. William, 121, 162, 217, 232, 235, 236, 239, 240, 241–42, 264, 375, 385, 392

  Fairlie, James, 185

  Federalists, 86, 87, 99–100, 101, 102, 110, 109, 112, 113, 114, 116, 122, 124, 127, 129, 130, 131, 132, 134, 135, 140, 141, 146, 178–79, 181, 186, 187–88; and election of 1800–01, 177, 198–99, 200, 202, 203, 204, 206, 209–12, 213, 214, 215, 216–17, 219, 220; during Jefferson presidency, 226, 227, 245–46, 252–53, 254–55, 256, 272, 300, 337, 338. See also Hamilton-Schuyler faction

  Fenner, Arthur, 204

  Fielding, Henry, 58, 237

  filibustering, 161, 282–83, 285, 291, 336, 337, 406

  financial crises, 155

  Fithian, Philip, 11, 12

  Floridas (Spanish Florida; West Florida), 269, 270, 272, 284–85, 286, 287, 288, 294, 296, 300, 297, 302, 370, 372, 383, 392

  Folch, Don Vicente, 288

  Fort Clinton, 40, 41

  Fort Montgomery, 40, 41

  Fort Washington, 35

  France, 45, 63, 125–26, 162–63, 168, 171, 175, 186, 283, 284, 285, 292, 370, 372, 381, 383

  Franklin, Benjamin, 7, 138, 292, 378–79, 389

  French Revolution, 93, 125, 126, 267

  Freneau, Philip, 171, 198, 205

  G, Madame, 237, 239

  Gahn, Henry, 380, 381

  Gaines, Lt. Edmund, 321, 322

  Gallatin, Albert, 134–35, 136, 159, 373

  —election as a U.S. senator contested and voided (1793–94), 131–34

  —as a U.S. congressman (1795–1801), 130, 135, 138, 149, 162, 172, 173, 174; and election of 1800–01, 177, 199, 200, 201–2, 215–16, 217, 218, 219

  —as secretary of the treasury (1801–14), 133, 135, 223, 226, 229, 230–31, 273, 287, 302, 308, 385, 386

  Gallatin, Hannah Nicholson (Mrs. Albert), 134, 160, 201, 208, 215, 218, 226

  Gallatin, Peggy, 264

  Galloway, Mrs. Joseph, 63

  Gates, Gen. Horatio, 24, 47, 68, 198

  Gelston, David, 87, 103, 105, 112, 126, 130, 140, 163, 179, 198, 226, 244, 390

  Genet, Edmond-Charles, 125, 127, 131, 139, 140, 141

  German Company, 160–61, 402

  Giles, William Branch, 328, 337, 338, 340

  Godwin, William, 212, 280, 380; Caleb Williams, 280–81

  Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 382

  Goodrich, Chauncey, 145–46, 149, 154

  Gouverneur, Isaac, 189, 190, 191

  Graham, John, 308, 315

  Granger, Gideon, 251, 307

  Great Britain. See Britain

  Green, Timothy, 161, 244, 376, 387

  Greene, Gen. Nathanael, 35, 45

  Greenleaf, Ann, 172

  Greenleaf, James, 93, 155, 156, 157, 160

  Greenleaf, Thomas, 101–2, 120, 138, 172

  Greenwood, John, 406–7

  Griswold, Roger, 173, 252

  Guillet, Isadore, 397

  Gulph mutiny story, 43

  habeas corpus, 326–27, 340, 342

  Haddock, Cpl. Robert, 43

  Hamilton, Alexander, 9, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 94, 97, 100, 101, 109, 118–21, 133, 139, 140, 141, 156, 158, 160, 163–64, 181, 182, 183, 184–85, 188, 231, 283, 337, 395, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 410, 413; attacks on Burr, viii, 46, 103, 107, 118–20, 143, 170, 212–13, 245, 263, 280, 410, 412

  —in Continental Army, 45, 46, 47, 49

  —and New York State gubernatorial election (1789), 103–4, 142

  —as secretary of the treasury (1789–95), 86, 93, 105–8, 109, 110, 112, 119, 125, 127, 136, 140, 170; role in election of 1792, 118–20; Reynolds Affair, 120–22, 163, 165, 166–67, 232, 242

  —and New York State gubernatorial election (1795), 142, 143, 144

  —and election of 1796, 118, 146, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154

  —as inspector general of the army (1798–1800), 168, 169–70, 399

  —and election of (1800–01), 118, 160, 177, 199, 200–201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 209, 210, 211–14, 218, 220, 263

  —and New York State gubernatorial election (1804), 252, 256, 257

  —duel with Burr (1804), see Hamilton-Burr duel; debts at time of death, 119, 160, 264, 406

  Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler (Mrs. Alexander), 97, 109, 266, 391

  Hamilton, Philip, 262

  Hamilton-Burr court battles, 94, 189–91, 192, 196

  Hamilton-Burr duel (1804), viii, 107, 119, 164, 165–66, 241, 247, 257–66, 409, 410; Hamilton’s death and aftermath, vii, 266–67, 271, 272, 273, 276, 277, 282, 311, 325, 361

  Hamilton-Monroe affair, 163–67

  Hamilton-Schuyler faction (Schuyler-Hamiltonian faction; Hamiltonians), 86, 99, 102, 106, 107, 109, 110, 142, 143, 150, 162, 185

  Hancock, John, 60

  Harison, Richard, 157, 182, 189, 190

  Harper, Robert Goodloe, 210, 211, 278

  Harrison, William Henry, 297, 305, 309

  Hauterive, comte d’, 382

  Hay, George, 328, 329, 330, 332–33, 335, 338, 339, 341, 343, 344, 345, 346, 352–54, 355, 359, 361, 362, 363

  Hazard, Nathaniel, 107, 119

  Hemings, Sally, 233

  Henry, John, 25, 27–28, 153

  Henry, Patrick, 151

  Hermitage, Bergen County, New Jersey, 64, 65, 68, 74, 158

  Higginson, Stephen, 152

  Hillhouse, James, 252

  Hinson, Major, 321

  Hoffman, Josiah Ogden, 182

  Holland Land Company, 181, 182–83, 185, 384

  Hosack, Dr. David, 264, 266

  Hosmer, Titus, 73

  Hough, Emerson, The Magnificent Adventurer, 409

  Howe, Gen. William, 33, 35, 42, 45

  Hudson Highlands command, 40, 41–42, 51

  Humboldt, Alexander von, 287, 382

  Hume, David, 360

  Hutchison, Thomas, 15

  impeachment, 274

  Indiana Canal Company, 293–94, 305

  Indian wars, 108, 170

  Ingraham, Rev. Joseph Holt, Burton; or, The Sieges, 409
>
  Innes, Henry, 309

  Iredell, James, 153

  Irving, Dr. Peter, 247–48, 249, 250, 253, 254, 284

  Irving, Washington, 24, 249, 347–48, 351

  Jackson, Andrew, 294–95, 300, 304, 307, 309, 349, 351, 393–94, 399

  Jacobins, 126, 131, 139, 209

  Jamaica, 372, 383

  Jay, John, 89, 91, 100, 101, 109, 111, 112, 125, 135–37, 142, 144, 145, 149, 153, 169, 179, 184, 200–201, 207

  Jayites, 111, 150

  Jay Treaty, 136–38, 140, 141, 145, 150, 171, 174

  Jefferson, Thomas, vii, 116, 117, 118, 119, 139, 141, 158, 171, 241, 261, 378, 393, 394, 404, 405–6, 407, 410, 413, 414

  —as author of Declaration of Independence (1776), 211, 273, 373, 407

  —as secretary of state (1790–93), 106–7, 122, 125, 126, 283

  —in the election of 1796, 142, 144–46, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 197

  —as vice president (1797–1801), 154, 162, 209, 215

  —election of 1800–01, 118, 157, 177, 186, 188, 196, 197–98, 199, 200–201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206–7, 208, 209, 210, 211, 213, 214, 215, 216–17, 218, 219–20, 243–44, 249, 296, 299, 398

  —as president (1801–09), 194–95, 223, 224–25, 232–33, 234, 245, 246, 249, 253, 256, 272–73, 289, 291, 302; appointments and patronage, 130, 133, 134–35, 225–27, 228–29, 230, 231, 233, 287; Louisiana Purchase, 283–85, 286; and election of 1804, 230, 251, 256; and Chase impeachment, 272, 273–74, 278; and Burr’s “Conspiracy” and trial for treason, 301, 304, 306, 307, 308–9, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 319, 323, 327–29, 331, 333, 335, 337–39, 341–42, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 349, 351, 354, 356, 358, 360, 363–65, 370, 376

  Johns, Kensey, 134

  Johnson, Mariah, 401–2, 403

  Johnston, Samuel, 153

  Judiciary Act of 1801, 245

  Jumel, Eliza, 400–401, 402, 403, 404

  Jumel, Stephen, 400, 401

  Kant, Immanuel, 19, 29

  Kemble, Peter, 189, 191

  Kemper, Reuben, 300

  Kennedy, Roger, Burr, Hamilton, and Jefferson, 410

  Kentucky, 149, 150, 288, 306

  Kerr, Lewis, 314

  King, Rufus, 108, 109, 111, 114, 125, 132, 141, 150, 154, 155, 170, 190, 256

  Knebel, Henriette von, 382

  Knox, Brig. Gen. Henry, 268

  L, Mr., 182

  Lafayette, marquis de, 40, 49, 303, 346, 347

  Lamb, John, 38, 90, 101, 130, 143, 156, 157–58, 160

  land speculation, 92–96, 97–98, 117, 155–56, 161, 287

  Langdon, Caroline, 385

  Langdon, John, 122, 147, 148, 154, 185, 193, 195, 252, 257