As to the following cantos, all the passages of them are as fabulous as the Vision at the beginning, or the Transformation at the end (except the loss of your hair, which I always mention with reverence). The human persons are as fictitious as the airy ones; and the character of Belinda, as it is now managed, resembles you in nothing but in beauty.
If this poem had as many graces as there are in your person or in your mind, yet I could never hope it should pass thro’ the world half so uncensured as you have done. But let its fortune be what it will, mine is happy enough, to have given me this occasion of assuring you that I am, with the truest esteem, Madam,
Your most obedient, humble servant,
A. POPE.
The Rape of the Lock: Canto I
WHAT dire offence from am’rous causes springs,
What mighty contests rise from trivial things,
I sing — This verse to Caryll, muse! is due:
This, ev’n Belinda may vouchsafe to view:
Slight is the subject, but not so the praise, 5
If she inspire, and he approve my lays.
Say what strange motive, Goddess! could compel
A well-bred Lord t’ assault a gentle Belle?
O say what stranger cause, yet unexplor’d,
Could make a gentle Belle reject a Lord? 10
In tasks so bold can little men engage,
And in soft bosoms dwells such mighty rage?
Sol thro’ white curtains shot a tim’rous ray,
And oped those eyes that must eclipse the day.
Now lapdogs give themselves the rousing shake, 15
And sleepless lovers just at twelve awake:
Thrice rung the bell, the slipper knock’d the ground,
And the press’d watch return’d a silver sound.
Belinda still her downy pillow prest,
Her guardian Sylph prolong’d the balmy rest. 20
‘T was he had summon’d to her silent bed
The morning-dream that hover’d o’er her head;
A youth more glitt’ring than a Birthnight Beau
(That ev’n in slumber caus’d her cheek to glow)
Seem’d to her ear his winning lips to lay, 25
And thus in whispers said, or seem’d to say:
‘Fairest of mortals, thou distinguish’d care
Of thousand bright Inhabitants of Air!
If e’er one vision touch’d thy infant thought,
Of all the nurse and all the priest have taught — 30
Of airy elves by moonlight shadows seen,
The silver token, and the circled green,
Or virgins visited by Angel-powers,
With golden crowns and wreaths of heav’nly flowers;
Hear and believe! thy own importance know, 35
Nor bound thy narrow views to things below.
Some secret truths, from learned pride conceal’d,
To maids alone and children are reveal’d:
What tho’ no credit doubting Wits may give?
The fair and innocent shall still believe. 40
Know, then, unnumber’d Spirits round thee fly,
The light militia of the lower sky:
These, tho’ unseen, are ever on the wing,
Hang o’er the Box, and hover round the Ring.
Think what an equipage thou hast in air, 45
And view with scorn two pages and a chair.
As now your own, our beings were of old,
And once inclosed in woman’s beauteous mould;
Thence, by a soft transition, we repair
From earthly vehicles to these of air. 50
Think not, when woman’s transient breath is fled,
That all her vanities at once are dead;
Succeeding vanities she still regards,
And, tho’ she plays no more, o’erlooks the cards.
Her joy in gilded chariots, when alive, 55
And love of Ombre, after death survive.
For when the Fair in all their pride expire,
To their first elements their souls retire.
The sprites of fiery termagants in flame
Mount up, and take a Salamander’s name. 60
Soft yielding minds to water glide away,
And sip, with Nymphs, their elemental tea.
The graver prude sinks downward to a Gnome
In search of mischief still on earth to roam.
The light coquettes in Sylphs aloft repair, 65
And sport and flutter in the fields of air.
‘Know further yet: whoever fair and chaste
Rejects mankind, is by some Sylph embraced;
For spirits, freed from mortal laws, with ease
Assume what sexes and what shapes they please. 70
What guards the purity of melting maids,
In courtly balls, and midnight masquerades,
Safe from the treach’rous friend, the daring spark,
The glance by day, the whisper in the dark;
When kind occasion prompts their warm desires, 75
When music softens, and when dancing fires?
‘T is but their Sylph, the wise Celestials know,
Tho’ Honour is the word with men below.
‘Some nymphs there are, too conscious of their face,
For life predestin’d to the Gnome’s embrace. 80
These swell their prospects and exalt their pride,
When offers are disdain’d, and love denied:
Then gay ideas crowd the vacant brain,
While peers, and dukes, and all their sweeping train,
And garters, stars, and coronets appear, 85
And in soft sounds, “Your Grace” salutes their ear.
‘T is these that early taint the female soul,
Instruct the eyes of young coquettes to roll,
Teach infant cheeks a bidden blush to know,
And little hearts to flutter at a Beau. 90
‘Oft, when the world imagine women stray,
The Sylphs thro’ mystic mazes guide their way;
Thro’ all the giddy circle they pursue,
And old impertinence expel by new.
What tender maid but must a victim fall 95
To one man’s treat, but for another’s ball?
When Florio speaks, what virgin could withstand,
If gentle Damon did not squeeze her hand?
With varying vanities, from every part,
They shift the moving toyshop of their heart; 100
Where wigs with wigs, with sword-knots sword-knots strive,
Beaux banish beaux, and coaches coaches drive.
This erring mortals levity may call;
Oh blind to truth! the Sylphs contrive it all.
‘Of these am I, who thy protection claim, 105
A watchful sprite, and Ariel is my name.
Late, as I ranged the crystal wilds of air,
In the clear mirror of thy ruling star
I saw, alas! some dread event impend,
Ere to the main this morning sun descend, 110
But Heav’n reveals not what, or how or where.
Warn’d by the Sylph, O pious maid, beware!
This to disclose is all thy guardian can:
Beware of all, but most beware of Man!’
He said; when, Shock, who thought she slept too long, 115
Leap’d up, and waked his mistress with his tongue.
‘T was then, Belinda, if report say true,
Thy eyes first open’d on a billet-doux;
Wounds, charms, and ardours were no sooner read,
But all the vision vanish’d from thy head. 120
And now, unveil’d, the toilet stands display’d,
Each silver vase in mystic order laid.
First, robed in white, the nymph intent adores,
With head uncover’d, the cosmetic powers.
A heav’nly image in the glass appears; 125
To that she bends, to that her eyes she re
ars.
Th’ inferior priestess, at her altar’s side,
Trembling begins the sacred rites of Pride.
Unnumber’d treasures ope at once, and here
The various off’rings of the world appear; 130
From each she nicely culls with curious toil,
And decks the Goddess with the glitt’ring spoil.
This casket India’s glowing gems unlocks,
And all Arabia breathes from yonder box.
The tortoise here and elephant unite, 135
Transform’d to combs, the speckled, and the white.
Here files of pins extend their shining rows,
Puffs, powders, patches, bibles, billet-doux.
Now awful beauty puts on all its arms;
The Fair each moment rises in her charms, 140
Repairs her smiles, awakens every grace,
And calls forth all the wonders of her face;
Sees by degrees a purer blush arise,
And keener lightnings quicken in her eyes.
The busy Sylphs surround their darling care, 145
These set the head, and those divide the hair,
Some fold the sleeve, whilst others plait the gown;
And Betty’s prais’d for labours not her own.
The Rape of the Lock: CantoII
NOT with more glories, in th’ ethereal plain,
The sun first rises o’er the purpled main,
Than, issuing forth, the rival of his beams
Launch’d on the bosom of the silver Thames.
Fair nymphs, and well-dress’d youths around her shone, 5
But every eye was fix’d on her alone.
On her white breast a sparkling cross she wore,
Which Jews might kiss, and infidels adore.
Her lively looks a sprightly mind disclose,
Quick as her eyes, and as unfix’d as those: 10
Favours to none, to all she smiles extends;
Oft she rejects, but never once offends.
Bright as the sun, her eyes the gazers strike,
And, like the sun, they shine on all alike.
Yet graceful ease, and sweetness void of pride, 15
Might hide her faults, if belles had faults to hide;
If to her share some female errors fall,
Look on her face, and you ‘ll forget ‘em all.
This nymph, to the destruction of mankind,
Nourish’d two locks, which graceful hung behind 20
In equal curls, and well conspired to deck
With shining ringlets the smooth iv’ry neck.
Love in these labyrinths his slaves detains,
And mighty hearts are held in slender chains.
With hairy springes we the birds betray, 25
Slight lines of hair surprise the finny prey,
Fair tresses man’s imperial race ensnare,
And beauty draws us with a single hair.
Th’ adventurous Baron the bright locks admired;
He saw, he wish’d, and to the prize aspired. 30
Resolv’d to win, he meditates the way,
By force to ravish, or by fraud betray;
For when success a lover’s toil attends,
Few ask if fraud or force attain’d his ends.
For this, ere Phœbus rose, he had implor’d 35
Propitious Heav’n, and every Power ador’d,
But chiefly Love — to Love an altar built
Of twelve vast French romances, neatly gilt.
There lay three garters, half a pair of gloves,
And all the trophies of his former loves; 40
With tender billet-doux he lights the pyre,
And breathes three am’rous sighs to raise the fire.
Then prostrate falls, and bags with ardent eyes
Soon to obtain, and long possess the prize:
The Powers gave ear, and granted half his prayer, 45
The rest the winds dispers’d in empty air.
But now secure the painted vessel glides,
The sunbeams trembling on the floating tides;
While melting music steals upon the sky,
And soften’d sounds along the waters die: 50
Smooth flow the waves, the zephyrs gently play,
Belinda smil’d, and all the world was gay.
All but the Sylph — with careful thoughts opprest
Th’ impending woe sat heavy on his breast.
He summons straight his denizens of air; 55
The lucid squadrons round the sails repair:
Soft o’er the shrouds aërial whispers breathe
That seem’d but zephyrs to the train beneath.
Some to the sun their insect-wings unfold,
Waft on the breeze, or sink in clouds of gold; 60
Transparent forms too fine for mortal sight,
Their fluid bodies half dissolv’d in light,
Loose to the wind their airy garments flew,
Thin glitt’ring textures of the filmy dew,
Dipt in the richest tincture of the skies, 65
Where light disports in ever-mingling dyes,
While ev’ry beam new transient colours flings,
Colours that change whene’er they wave their wings.
Amid the circle, on the gilded mast,
Superior by the head was Ariel placed; 70
His purple pinions opening to the sun,
He raised his azure wand, and thus begun:
‘Ye Sylphs and Sylphids, to your chief give ear.
Fays, Fairies, Genii, Elves, and Dæmons, hear!
Ye know the spheres and various tasks assign’d 75
By laws eternal to th’ aërial kind.
Some in the fields of purest ether play,
And bask and whiten in the blaze of day:
Some guide the course of wand’ring orbs on high,
Or roll the planets thro’ the boundless sky: 80
Some, less refin’d, beneath the moon’s pale light
Pursue the stars that shoot athwart the night,
Or suck the mists in grosser air below,
Or dip their pinions in the painted bow,
Or brew fierce tempests on the wintry main, 85
Or o’er the glebe distil the kindly rain.
Others, on earth, o’er human race preside,
Watch all their ways, and all their actions guide:
Of these the chief the care of nations own,
And guard with arms divine the British Throne. 90
‘Our humbler province is to tend the Fair,
Not a less pleasing, tho’ less glorious care;
To save the Powder from too rude a gale;
Nor let th’ imprison’d Essences exhale;
To draw fresh colours from the vernal flowers; 95
To steal from rainbows ere they drop in showers
A brighter Wash; to curl their waving hairs,
Assist their blushes and inspire their airs;
Nay oft, in dreams invention we bestow,
To change a Flounce, or add a Furbelow. 100
‘This day black omens threat the brightest Fair,
That e’er deserv’d a watchful spirit’s care;
Some dire disaster, or by force or slight;
But what, or where, the Fates have wrapt in night.
Whether the nymph shall break Diana’s law, 105
Or some frail China jar receive a flaw;
Or stain her honour, or her new brocade,
Forget her prayers, or miss a masquerade,
Or lose her heart, or necklace, at a ball;
Or whether Heav’n has doom’d that Shock must fall. 110
Haste, then, ye Spirits! to your charge repair:
The flutt’ring fan be Zephyretta’s care;
The drops to thee, Brillante, we consign;
And, Momentilla, let the watch be thine;
Do thou, Crispissa, tend her fav’rite Lock; 115
Ariel himself shall be the guard of
Shock.
‘To fifty chosen sylphs, of special note,
We trust th’ important charge, the petticoat;
Oft have we known that sev’n-fold fence to fail,
Tho’ stiff with hoops, and arm’d with ribs of whale: 120
Form a strong line about the silver bound,
And guard the wide circumference around.
‘Whatever spirit, careless of his charge,
His post neglects, or leaves the Fair at large,
Shall feel sharp vengeance soon o’ertake his sins: 125
Be stopp’d in vials, or transfix’d with pins,
Or plunged in lakes of bitter washes lie,
Or wedg’d whole ages in a bodkin’s eye;
Gums and pomatums shall his flight restrain,
While clogg’d he beats his silken wings in vain, 130
Or alum styptics with contracting power
Shrink his thin essence like a rivell’d flower:
Or, as Ixion fix’d, the wretch shall feel
The giddy motion of the whirling mill,
In fumes of burning chocolate shall glow, 135
And tremble at the sea that froths below!’
He spoke; the spirits from the sails descend;
Some, orb in orb, around the nymph extend;
Some thread the mazy ringlets of her hair;
Some hang upon the pendants of her ear; 140
With beating hearts the dire event they wait,
Anxious, and trembling for the birth of Fate.
The Rape of the Lock: CantoIII
CLOSE by those meads, for ever crown’d with flowers,
Where Thames with pride surveys his rising towers
There stands a structure of majestic frame,
Which from the neighb’ring Hampton takes its name.
Here Britain’s statesmen oft the fall foredoom 5
Of foreign tyrants, and of nymphs at home;
Here, thou, great ANNA! whom three realms obey,
Dost sometimes counsel take — and sometimes tea.
Hither the Heroes and the Nymphs resort,
To taste awhile the pleasures of a court; 10
In various talk th’ instructive hours they past,
Who gave the ball, or paid the visit last;
One speaks the glory of the British Queen,
And one describes a charming Indian screen;
A third interprets motions, looks, and eyes; 15
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