Sean O'Casey: A Life

by O'Connor, Garry

  [89] To John Hutchinson, 10 Sept 1953 (L II. 990).

  [90] To Sean O’Rourke, 24 Dec 1947 (L II. 494).

  [91] A I. 557-8.

  [92] To Jim Kavanagh, 29 Apr 1951 (L II. 789).

  [93] To John Hutchinson, 20 Oct 1953 (L II. 990).

  [94] MM, 48.

  [95] Kit Casey in McCann, 165-6.

  [96] A I. 572.

  [97] Deirdre Henchy, “Dublin in the Age of O’Casey”, in Essays on Sean O’Casey’s Autobiographies, ed. R. Lowery (1981), 55.

  [98] To IW, 5 Mar 1912 (L I. 12).

  [99] R. M. Fox, Jim Larkin: The Rise of the Underman (1957), 16-17.

  [100] Andrew Boyd, The Rise of the Irish Trade Unions (1972, repr. 1985), 80.

  [101] Dublin 1913, a Divided City (Dublin, 1982) 70.

  [102] A I. 559.

  [103] A I. 559-60.

  [104] IW, 14 Dec 1912.

  [105] To IW, 8 Feb 1913 (L I. 13).

  [106] To IW, 1 Mar 1913.

  [107] A I. 525, 529.

  [108] To Irish Freedom, May 1942 (L II. 46).

  [109] To IW, 21 Feb 1919 (L I. 27).

  [110] To IW, 7 June 1913.

  [111] James Plunkett, Big Jim (Dublin, 1955), 34-5.

  [112] Dublin 1913, 78.

  [113] A I. 606.

  [114] Dublin 1913, 70.

  [115] MM, unpub. notes.

  [116] Boyd, Rise of the Irish Trade Unions, 92.

  [117] A I. 583.

  [118] A I. 589.

  [119] Jim Phelan, The Name’s Phelan (1948), 153.

  [120] V. I. Lenin, Lenin on Ireland (1920), 7-9.

  [121] Irish Times, 6 Oct 1913.

  [122] To Frank McCarthy, 12 July 1949 (L II. 623).

  [123] IW, 27 Sept 1913.

  [124] ICA, 4-5, 1, 7-8.

  [125] Irish Freedom, Mar 1913.

  [126] Bulmer Hobson, A Short History of the Irish Volunteers (Dublin, 1918), in Feathers, 179.

  [127] ICA, 10-11.

  [128] Dublin 1913, 99-104.

  [129] A I. 423, 429, 440, 442.

  [130] MM, 60-1; Kit Casey in McCann, 165; MM, unpub. notes.

  [131] Yeats, Collected Poems, 288.

  [132] IW, 1914: 25 Jan, 7, 21, 28 Feb, 7, 14 Mar.

  [133] ICA, 18.

  [134] Irish Writing, Feb 1949 (L II. 580).

  [135] ICA, 20-1.

  [136] A I. 613.

  [137] ICA, 31, 26.

  [138] Ltr. to John Devoy, 14 May 1914, in MM, unpub. notes.

  [139] ICA, 39, 43.

  [140] A I. 596.

  [141] C. Desmond Greaves, Sean O’Casey (1979), 81.

  [142] MM, unpub. notes.

  [143] MM, unpub. notes.

  [144] A I. 641, 627.

  [145] ICA, 52.

  [146] Tim Pat Coogan in McCann, 111.

  [147] MM, 60.

  [148] A I. 633.

  [149] FIP, 259-60.

  [150] Colored Cap, 263.

  [151] To Robert Monteith, 31 Dec 1954 (L II. 1135-6).

  [152] Iris Murdoch, The Red and the Green (repr. 1978), 212.

  [153] To Jack Carney, 22 Apr 1943 (L II. 129-30).

  [154] J. R. White, Misfit (1930), 307.

  [155] A I. 647.

  [156] A II. 56-60; MM 68-9.

  [157] Yeats, Collected Poems, 355.

  [158] Seamus Scully, “Ghosts of Moore Street” in Dublin Historical Record (Dublin, 1971), 55-63.

  [159] To Gerald O’Reilly, 26 Apr 1945 (L II. 234).

  [160] Spectator, 2 Nov 1945.

  [161] Dublin 1916, ed. R. McHugh (1976), 361.

  [162] White, Misfit, 350.

  [163] ICA, 64.

  [164] A I. 654.

  [165] ICA, 63.

  [166] To James Shiels, 14 June and 17 July 1916 (L I. 58-9, 60).

  [167] To Francis MacManus, 12 Apr 1942 (L I. 42).

  [168] MM, 64-7.

  [169] Unpub. ltrs. to MK, 7 May 1917 and undated (NLI).

  [170] Sean McCann in McCann, 36.

  [171] Unpub. ltrs. to MK, 6 Oct and Oct 1917 (NLI).

  [172] Unpub. ltr. to MK, undated (NLI).

  [173] A II. 187.

  [174] Unpub. ltr. to MK, 16 Aug 1917 (NLI).

  [175] “Homage to Thomas Ashe”, Feathers, 160.

  [176] To Dublin Saturday Post, 6 Oct 1917 (L I. 65).

  [177] A II. 4.

  [178] Feathers, 163.

  [179] Paddy McDonnell in McCann, 171.

  [180] Tom Buggy, “Sean O’Casey’s Dublin”, O’Casey Annual No. 1, ed. R. Lowery (1982), 94.

  [181] To John Gassner, 25 Sept 1954 (L II. 1094).

  [182] MM, 75-6.

  [183] A II. 490.

  [184] Sean McCann in McCann, 33.

  [185] MM, 80.

  [186] To Fergus O’Connor, 13 and 17 Feb, 15 Apr 1918 (L I. 70, 71, 84).

  [187] A II. 21, 15.

  [188] MM, 77.

  [189] To Robert Ginna, 17 Aug 1953 (L II. 986).

  [190] Isaac Casey was prevented by wartime restrictions from attending his mother’s funeral, and SO’C never spoke to him again.

  [191] Sean McCann in McCann, 32-3.

  [192] Unpub. ltr. to MK, 23 July 1919 (NLI).

  [193] Unpub. ltr. to MK, 23 July 1919 (NLI).

  [194] Unpub. notebook, 1918 (Berg).

  [195] A I. 402.

  [196] MM, 81.

  [197] MM, 82.

  [198] A II. 96.

  [199] Paddy McDonnell in McCann, 171.

  [200] A II. 95-6.

  [201] CP V. 435, 443.

  [202] CP V. 460.

  [203] To GJN, 21 Feb 1942 (L II. 2).

  [204] CP V. 419.

  [205] To MK, May 1919 (Sean McCann in McCann, 41).

  [206] A II. 190.

  [207] To MK, undated (Sean McCann in McCann, 41).

  [208] GBS to SO’C, 3 Dec 1919 (L I. 87).

  [209] Paddy McDonnell in McCann, 171.

  [210] Unpub. ltr. to MK, 22 Dec 1919 (NLI).

  [211] To John Gassner, 25 Sept 1954 (L II. 1095).

  [212] Abbey Theatre Reader’s Opinion, 28 Jan 1920 (L I. 92).

  [213] Abbey Theatre Reader’s Opinion, 28 Jan 1920 (L I. 91-2).

  [214] A II. 194, 30.

  [215] A II. 33.

  [216] Kit Casey in McCann, 165.

  [217] A I. 611; unpub. ltr. to Ronald Ayling, 26 Jan 1960 [L III].

  [218] To IW, 21 Feb 1914.

  [219] A II. 38.

  [220] Feasta, May 1955.

  [221] Irish Statesman, 7 June 1924.

  [222] Feasta, May 1955.

  [223] A II. 46.

  [224] Unpub. ltr. to Saros Cowasjee, 23 Oct 1958, quoted in S. Cowasjee, Sean O’Casey: The Man Behind the Plays (1965), 90.

  [225] To Jack Carney, 28 Mar 1942 (L II. 33).

  [226] To Jack Carney, 10 Jan 1947 (L II. 435).

  [227] LR to SO’C, 5 Nov 1921; for original version see Lady G Journals, 651-2.

  [228] Later he mistakenly gave the name of the play as The Robe of Rosheen, stating it was published in The Plain People; but this was another early piece, which O’Casey had apparently forgotten.

  [229] Play critique by WBY, 19 June 1922 (L I. 101-2).

  [230] To LR, 9 Oct 1922 (L I. 104).

  [231] To Joseph Jay Deiss, 12 Dec 1950 (L II. 761).

  [232] R. M. Fox in McCann, 43, 45, 44-6.

  [233] FIP, 117.

  [234] FIP, 125-6, 167.

  [235] FIP, 164, 165.

  [236] FIP, 132, 161-2.

  [237] To LR, 17 Nov 1922 (L I. 105).

  [238] The Observer, 10 Feb 1924.

  [239] Holloway, 215-16.

  [240] FIP, 134, 168.

  [241] FIP, 138.

  [242] Holloway, 216.

  [243] A II. 143.

  [244] Lady G Journals, 446.

  [245] Fallon, 3-7.

  [246] Harry Brogan in McCann, 173.

  [247] A II. 103, 144.

  [248] Holloway, 218.

  [249] Leaders and Worker
s, ed. J. W. Boyle (Dublin, 1966), 84.

  [250] ICA, 67.

  [251] To Jack Carney, 10 Jan 1946 (L II. 339).

  [252] FIP, 166-7.

  [253] A II. 140.

  [254] Unpub. notebook Juno.

  [255] Holloway, 221.

  [256] A II. 144.

  [257] Fallon, 17.

  [258] Holloway, 220-1.

  [259] A II. 8.

  [260] FIP, 77.

  [261] A II. 81.

  [262] James O’Connor (Seamus O’Concubhair) to SO’C, 27 June 1921 (L I. 93).

  [263] Unpub. notebook Juno.

  [264] Unpub. notebook Juno.

  [265] Quoted in John P. Frayne, Sean O’Casey (New York, 1976), 16.

  [266] FIP, 110.

  [267] Fallon, 26.

  [268] FIP, 21, 95.

  [269] To LR, 29 Dec 1923 (L I. 108).

  [270] Holloway, 224, 151.

  [271] A I. 519, II. 105.

  [272] Fallon, 19.

  [273] Lennox Robinson, Curtain Up (1942), 139-40.

  [274] To Robert Ginna, 17 Aug 1953 (L II. 987).

  [275] Fallon, 21.

  [276] Holloway, 226.

  [277] Irish Statesman, 15 Mar 1924.

  [278] To David Greene, 1 Jan 1953 (L II. 929).

  [279] Lady G Journals, 511-12.

  [280] Lady G Journals, 512.

  [281] To Frank McCarthy, 7 Mar 1949 (L II. 594).

  [282] To Jim Kavanagh, 9 Feb 1947 (L II. 448).

  [283] Unpub. ltr to Saros Cowasjee, 23 Oct 1958, quoted in Cowasjee, Sean O’Casey.

  [284] Lady G Journals, 512.

  [285] Cowasjee, Sean O’Casey, 44-6.

  [286] Lady G Journals, 513.

  [287] Seanad Éireann Parliamentary Debates, V (11 June 1925), 443.

  [288] Further Letters of J. B. Yeats, ed. L. Robinson (Dundrum, 1920), 23.

  [289] Freeman’s Journal, 13 Nov 1901.

  [290] Richard Ellmann, Yeats: The Man and the Masks (repr. 1979), 128.

  [291] David Krause, The Profane Book of Irish Comedy (1982), 45.

  [292] Ernest Fenellosa and Ezra Pound, Noh (1916), 5-6.

  [293] WBY to SO’C, 26 Mar 1924 (L I. 108).

  [294] A II. 232-3.

  [295] Ellmann, Yeats, 215.

  [296] A II. 234-5.

  [297] Holloway, MS Apr-June 1924, 938-9.

  [298] The Bell, vol. XIII (1946-7), 7.

  [299] Colum, 120.

  [300] To Lady G, 2 June 1924 (L I. 109).

  [301] A II. 115.

  [302] A II. 115.

  [303] To Lady G, 12 July 1924 (L I. 112).

  [304] Fallon in Modern Drama IV (1961), 231.

  [305] To Lady G, 22 July 1924 (L I. 113).

  [306] To Shaemas O’Sheel, 27 July 1951 (L II. 814-15).

  [307] Daniel Macmillan to James Stephens, 27 Aug 1924 (L I. 115).

  [308] Holloway (22 Aug 1924), 237.

  [309] Holloway, MS Apr-Jun 1924, 940.

  [310] FIP, 278.

  [311] Fallon, 2.

  [312] Beatrice Coogan in McCann, 74.

  [313] A II. 125.

  [314] A II. 128-9, 135.

  [315] David Krause’s distinctions, in his Profane Book of Irish Comedy.

  [316] To Lady G, 22 July 1924, Sept 1924 (L I. 113, 118).

  [317] FIP, 340.

  [318] New York Times, 4 Dec 1960.

  [319] FIP, 267, 216, 217.

  [320] FIP, 332, 259, 249, 271.

  [321] Sean McCann in McCann, 35.

  [322] The Observer, 14 Feb 1926.

  [323] MM, 68.

  [324] Holloway, 242.

  [325] Fallon in Modern Drama IV, 231-2.

  [326] To Lady G, Oct 1924 (L I. 119).

  [327] To R. M. Fox, 27 Oct 1924 (L I. 120).

  [328] Sean McCann in McCann, 31.

  [329] Anthony Butler in McCann, 92.

  [330] To Sam Wanamaker, 3 Apr 1953 (L II. 958).

  [331] The Story of the Abbey Theatre, ed. S. McCann (1967), 119.

  [332] Story of the Abbey Theatre, 119, 116, 117.

  [333] Cyril Cusack in The O’Casey Enigma, ed. Micheál Óh Aodha (Dublin, 1980), 37.

  [334] Beatrice Coogan in McCann, 77.

  [335] B. Coogan in McCann, 82.

  [336] To GF, [?] May 1925 (L I. 135).

  [337] To Lady G, 12 Aug 1925 (L I. 138).

  [338] A II. 156.

  [339] To M. J. Dolan, 13 Aug 1925 (L I. 138-40).

  [340] A II. 156-7.

  [341] To GF, 26 Aug 1925 (L I. 142).

  [342] Lady Gregory’s Journals 1916-1930, ed. L. Robinson (1946), 88.

  [343] George O’Brien to WBY, 5 Sept 1925; WBY and LR to O’Brien, 10 Sept 1925; O’Brien to WBY and LR, 13 Sept 1925 (L I. 144-7).

  [344] To Lady G, 11 Sept 1925 (L I. 147-8).

  [345] A II. 159-63.

  [346] To Lady G, 1 Nov 1925 (L I. 155).

  [347] FIP, 220.

  [348] FIP, 258, 223-4.

  [349] Sunday Times, 22 Nov 1925.

  [350] To Sara Allgood, 7 Dec 1925 (L I. 157).

  [351] Fallon, 88.

  [352] To Sara Allgood, 7 Dec 1925 (L I. 161).

  [353] FIP, 265.

  [354] To LR, 10 Jan 1926 (L I. 166).

  [355] A II. 147.

  [356] A II. 148.

  [357] Holloway, 231 (an echo of a phrase Holloway used of SO’C; cf. p. 213), 200-1.

  [358] Yeats, Collected Poems, 205.

  [359] Holloway, 251.

  [360] Holloway, 252.

  [361] Ria Mooney in McCann, 167.

  [362] A II. 150.

  [363] Irish Statesman, 20 Feb 1926.

  [364] Holloway, 253.

  [365] ICA, 64.

  [366] Dr John Larchet in McCann, 176-7.

  [367] Fallon, 92.

  [368] A II. 149.

  [369] Holloway, 255.

  [370] An Poblacht, 19 Feb 1926.

  [371] Donal Dorcey in McCann, 65.

  [372] Irish Times, Irish Independent, 12 Feb 1926.

  [373] Catholic Bulletin, vol. XVI (1926), 213-19.

  [374] Ria Mooney in McCann, 168.

  [375] Irish Independent, 15 Feb 1926, 23 Feb 1926.

  [376] Holloway, 260, 257.

  [377] Irish Independent, 23 Feb 1926.

  [378] To Irish Independent, 20 and 26 Feb 1926 (L I. 169, 174).

  [379] To Sara Allgood, 23 Feb 1926 (L I. 174).

  [380] Irish Independent, 2 Mar 1926.

  [381] A II. 152, 153.

  [382] The Standard, 4 Mar 1955.