Alciphron, 511–12. See also epistolography; literature
Alexander of Aegae, 591. See also Aristotelians
Alexander of Aphrodisias, 83, 383, 574, 581, 583–87, 590–91. See also Aristotelians; commentary
Alexander of Cotiaion, 140, 142, 150, 695n7, 696n14. See also grammar
Alexander of Damascus, 383, 591. See also Aristotelians
Alexander Romance, 18, 422, 426–37, 517, 677. See also novel, the
Alexander Severus, 125, 190, 278, 485, 662, 739n52
Alexander the Great, 45, 56, 222, 264, 277, 321, 391, 422, 426–27, 431–36, 618, 641. See also Greece
allegory, 20, 228–29, 300–1, 472
of myth, 468, 472
Stoic, 467
See also literature; philosophy
Ammianus, 49, 501. See also epigram
anacoluthon, 432–33
Anacreon, 116, 130, 500. See also poetry
anatomists, 375, 379. See also medicine
Anderson, Graham, 229, 421
Andronicus of Rhodes, 582–83, 590. See also Aristotelians
Anthologia Palatina, 500–1, 503. See also epigram; poetry
Antigenes, 377. See also medicine
Antoninus Pius, 89, 123, 125, 128, 181, 210, 239, 250, 256, 498, 599, 615, 626, 628, 722n55, 733n5. See also Roman Empire
Antonius Diogenes, 517, 726n76. See also novel, the
Antonius Iulianus, 30, 116, 694n2
Antonius Polemon, 182, 233, 600–1. See also sophists
Antonius Romanus, 31. See also oratory; rhetoric
Apollodorus of Athens, 464, 469. See also mythography
Apollodorus of Damascus, 186, 191. See also architecture
Apollonius Dyscolus, 51. See also grammar
Apollonius of Athens, 54–55, 207, 602. See also sophists
Apollonius of Rhodes, 3, 15, 425, 498
Apollonius of Tyana, 32, 44, 94, 509, 513–14, 518–19, 532–34, 598, 705n15, 710n7
biography of, 275–83, 605
religion and, 607, 614, 617–18
See also religion
Appian, 8, 311, 322, 477–78, 480–88, 720n21, 721n24, 722n47, 722nn52–55. See also history
Apuleius of Madaura, 6, 34–36, 116, 120–21, 205, 224, 248, 342, 345–55
Apologia of, 118, 123, 125, 330, 341, 345, 350–52, 614
biography of, 345–50
Metamorphoses of, 120, 196, 345, 352–54, 362, 649–50, 701n4, 735n37
oratory of, 184–85
platonism of, 566–71, 576–77
religion and, 301, 606
See also literature; novel, the; philosophy; sophists
archaism, 4, 12, 15, 18, 60, 70, 78
in Alexandrian writers, 425
in Apuleius, 248
in Aulus Gellius, 248
in Fronto, 245
in Pausanias, 362, 366
See also literary antiquarianism; Second Sophistic
Archilochus, 425, 500, 502, 733n13. See also fable; poetry
architecture, 156, 174, 181–97, 265, 371–74, 382, 588, 700n3. See also civic theater
(Areus) Didymus, 84, 591. See also Aristotelians
Aristides of Athens, 626. See also Christianity
Aristides Quintilianus, 8. See also technical literature
Aristocles of Pergamum, 44, 256, 572, 591. See also Aristotelians; oratory; sophists
Aristophanes, 129, 424–25, 633
comparison of Menander and, 48
Thesmophoriazusae of, 411
See also comedy
Aristophanes of Byzantium, 45. See also Hellenistic scholarship
Aristotelians, 83, 91, 303, 339, 348, 376, 378, 557, 572, 581–91, 730n1, 731n17. See also Aristotle; philosophy
Aristotle, 81, 93, 297, 303, 329, 348, 375–76, 423, 450–54, 498, 558–59, 572–74, 581–91, 644, 728n12, 730n1, 731n7. See also Aristotelians; philosophy
Aristotle of Mytilene, 585, 591. See also Aristotelians
Arius Didymus, 571, 591. See also Stoics
Arrian of Nicomedia, 49, 51, 53, 311, 359, 477–80, 482–84, 487–88, 498, 720n9
Anabasis of, 361, 722n42, 722n44
on Epictetus, 532, 534
Indika of, 366, 689n5
Periplous of the Black Sea of, 366, 722n42
See also Epictetus; history
Artaxerxes Memnon, 391. See also Persia
asceticism, 130, 277, 279, 604, 641. See also Christianity; Judaism
Asclepiadeans, 375, 380. See also Asclepiades of Bithynia; medicine
Asclepiades of Bithynia, 375–76, 380. See also medicine
Asclepius, 127, 257, 259–60, 262–63, 354, 371, 375, 382–83, 605–6, 613, 618
gymnasium of, 193
paean to, 500
sanctuary of, 256, 263, 614, 619
temple of, 615
vision of, 617
See also religion
asianism, 53–60, 188, 263, 365, 392, 643
atticism and, 41–61
defining, 53–58, 689n7
in the Second Sophistic, 58–60
See also aesthetics; atticism; Greek
Asinius Gallus, 124
Asinius Pollo, 124, 484
Asinius Quadratus, 720n7. See also atticism
Aspasius, 574, 581, 583–86, 590–91, 731n20. See also Aristotelians
Asper, Markus, 425
Athenagoras of Athens, 626–28. See also Christianity
Athenaeus of Naucratis, 6, 14, 32, 121, 125, 128, 130–31, 359–60, 477, 632
atticism of, 485
Deipnosophistae of, 53, 149, 358, 447, 451–58, 482, 493, 540, 694n2
historical examples in, 477, 512
See also dinner party; sophists
Athenodorus, 44. See also oratory; sophists
Athens, 29, 55, 88–92, 95, 157, 337, 360, 391–93, 396, 431, 433–36, 700n2
atticism and, 43, 50, 52, 431, 484
constitution of, 641
cultural empire of, 5, 264, 329, 342, 424
democratic, 627
education in, 140, 150, 346, 350, 352, 633
eulogy to, 258
Hellenistic, 512
Herodes Atticus and, 238–42, 256
history of, 318–20, 697n11
monuments and buildings of, 101, 183, 186, 194, 300, 597, 599
Panhellenism and, 105, 602, 616
philosophy in, 292, 295, 426, 557, 565, 581–82, 586, 727n11, 729n8
rhetoric in, 169, 171, 173, 183, 208, 433, 602, 728n11
stadium at, 189, 239
superiority of, 88, 104, 186, 693n33
See also architecture; Greece
athletes, 155–65, 273, 373, 697n8. See also athletic trainers; gymnasium; festivals
athletic trainers, 155–65
adaptations of, 161–64
criticisms of, 161–64
See also athletes; gymnasium
atomism, 293, 376. See also Epicureans; philosophy
atticism, 41–53, 389, 392, 424, 486, 689n4, 701n7
and classicism, 49–51
lexica of, 44–46
in the Second Sophistic, 43–44, 431–35, 478
varieties of, 51–53
See also aesthetics; asianism; diglossia; Greek; koinê
Atticus, 565, 569, 572, 573–74, 629. See also philosophy; Platonists
Augustine, 107, 346, 348, 567, 576. See also Christianity
Aulus Cornelius Celsus, 376, 698n43. See also medicine
Aulus Gellius, 6–7, 28–32, 35–36, 240–41, 354, 448–49, 459
Attic Nights of, 29, 74, 115–17, 123–25, 130, 247–48, 447–57, 694n2, 718n12
Favorinus and, 29–30, 127, 181, 233–38, 553, 568
on festivals, 615
Fronto and, 247–48, 354, 689n1
pederasty in, 121
philological interests of, 68–69, 181, 632, 690n11, 720n8
philosophy in, 553–54, 566, 568, 572
social outlook of, 458
See also dinner party; mis
cellanies; philosophy; sophists
Avianus, 499. See also poetry
Babrius, 503. See also fable
Babylon, 82, 390, 392, 394, 438, 483, 620, 639, 661
Bakhtin, Mikhail, 424, 435, 714n1, 719n45
Bar Daysan, 660–61. See also Christianity
Bologna, Corrado, 423
Bowersock, Glen, 9, 708n35, 723n66, 735n41
Bowie, Ewen, 9, 284, 359, 390, 477, 503, 663–64, 688n26
Caecilius, 74. See also latinitas
Caecilius of Caleacte, 689n3. See also rhetoric
Callimachus, 3, 15, 124, 424–25, 435, 499
Aitia of, 498
Coma Berenices of, 127
Hecale of, 497
Iamboi of, 424, 429
See also poetry
Canfora, Luciano, 426, 458
Caracalla, 191, 274, 384, 498, 513, 585, 590, 600, 618, 661. See also Roman Empire
Carmina Anacreontea, 500. See also Anacreon; melic poetry
Carneades, 236–37, 552–53. See also philosophy; Skeptics
Carthage, 34, 130, 345–51, 431–32, 616, 720n21
audience in, 346
theater at, 184–85
Cassirer, Ernst, 438
Cassius Dio, 8, 32, 120, 311, 316, 390, 477–78, 483–88, 720n8, 723n64
atticism of, 722n53
calumny of, 123
as a Greek historian of Rome, 322, 481–82
See also history; Rome
Cassius the Skeptic, 85. See also philosophy; Skeptics
Catullus, 70, 116, 118, 128, 435. See also Latin; poetry
Cavafy, Constantine, 439
Celsus, 573. See also philosophy; Platonists
Cerealius, 501. See also epigram
Chariton of Aphrodisias, 18, 20, 48, 51, 61, 389–402, 405, 513, 711n10, 712n16
Callirhoe of, 12, 15, 143, 389–98, 398, 516, 711n12
and the Greek novel, 16, 398, 477, 516, 649, 711n9
See also novel, the; literature
Christian Apocrypha, 6, 669–81
Acts of the Apostles of the, 676–78, 739n3
apocalyptic and, 678–79
collections of, 672–73
definitions in, 670–71
epistolography and, 678–79
gospels of the, 673–75
pseudepigrapha and, 678–79
See also Christianity
Christianity, 625–36, 655–65, 669–81, 739n52
court culture and, 659–61
early, 625–36, 741n62
elites of, 655–65
the emperor and, 626–29
Greek culture and, 633–36, 655–56
the logos and, 629–33
Plato’s metaphysics and, 563
the rise of, 277–78
sexuality in, 130
See also Christian Apocrypha; Judaism; religion
Cicero, 25–34, 56–57, 74, 95, 102, 124–25, 246, 350–53, 531
on Asianism and Atticism, 55–59
Brutus of, 55, 319
De Finibus of, 86
exilic literature and, 93
history and, 317, 478, 720n11
latinitas and, 68–78
Orator of, 55
philosophy and, 552, 554, 582
Pro Cluentio of, 350
Tusculan Disputations of, 236
See also Latin; latinitas; oratory; rhetoric
cinaedus, 119, 127–29. See also sex
civic theater, 184–88, 208, 544. See also architecture; performance; rhetoric; sophists
Claudius, 26, 91, 123, 242, 384, 600, 640. See also Roman Empire
Clement of Alexandria, 130, 501, 544, 728n6. See also Christianity
Clement of Rome, 678. See also Christianity
comedy, 334, 339, 377, 411, 510, 604
Attic, 52
Greek, 512
Greek novel and, 516
Persius and, 711n4
See also New Comedy; poetry
commentary
Aristotelian, 581–90, 731n15
in Aulus Gellius, 448
biblical, 632, 663
Epicurean, 546–47
and the Hippocratic corpus, 378
on the Iliadic catalog of ships, 469
Platonic, 569, 572–75, 729n19, 729n25
Plutarch and the, 293
See also Aristotelians; philosophy; Platonists
Commodus, 383–84, 498. See also Marcus Aurelius
Cornutus, 467–68, 472. See also allegory; Stoics
Corpus Aesopicum, 503. See also Aesop; fable
cosmopolitanism, 81–96, 105
the Panathenaicus and, 89–93
exiles and, 93–94
philosophy and, 83–87
political, 87–89
Roman imperial, 718n43
Stoic, 82
See also Athens; Greece; Panathenaicus, the; Roman Empire
Crates of Mallos, 45, 73. See also rhetoric
Cronius, 339, 574. See also philosophy
cult, 597–608
Imperial, 300
imperial measures and, 598–601
in literature, 604–6
mystery religion and, 300, 362, 604, 606, 614, 733n3, 735n38
priesthoods and, 601–2
religious festivals and, 601–2
religious trends and, 606–7
restorations of the traditions of, 603–4
See also Christianity; pilgrimage; religion
cultural identity, 5–6, 99–110, 121, 206, 295, 341–42
Christian, 625–26, 636
elite, 150, 372, 389, 656–59
Fronto’s discourse on, 249–51
Greek, 15, 18, 20, 103–7, 208, 226–27, 230, 317, 321, 416, 494
Jewish, 19, 639–51
of Lucian, 327–28, 341
paideia and, 88–89, 455–58
Roman, 35, 92, 317, 345, 353
See also culture; ethnicity; religion; Second Sophistic
culture, 3–8, 12, 15, 20, 99–110, 178
Christian, 14, 655–65
ethnicity and, 89–91
Greek, 41, 18, 20, 90, 103–7, 189–90, 208, 218, 222–30, 317, 321, 416, 494
of gymnasium and festival, 155–57
imperial athletic, 162, 164
Jewish, 19, 639–51
Latin, 67–78, 248
near-eastern, 18
paideia and, 88–89, 251, 256, 455–58
religious, 597–608, 613–20
rhetorical, 205–13
Roman, 35, 68, 75, 92, 150, 238, 317, 345, 353
Second Sophistic, 15, 25–36, 41–61, 197
Western popular, 120
See also cultural identity; literature; religion; Second Sophistic
Cynics, 190, 530. See also philosophy
declamation, 30, 146–51, 206, 208–9, 390, 482, 700n2, 721n32
asianism and, 54
atticism and, 51–52
and downward mobility, 25–28
in Hellenistic oratory, 13
historical themes and, 477, 707n1
Latin, 120
magic and, 699n23
Roman use of, 32, 35
school use of, 140, 142, 146–50, 450
sophists and, 170–78, 183–92, 195–96, 213, 245–46, 255, 275–76, 350, 719n4
See also oratory; performance; rhetoric
Demetrius of Alexandria, 374. See also sophists
Demetrius of Phalerum, 16–17. See also oratory; sophists
Demetrius the Cynic, 190–91, 236, 530. See also Cynics; philosophy
Democritus, 376, 728n17. See also atomism
Demosthenes, 319, 391, 426, 433. See also oratory
Demotic Magical Papyrus, 428. See also Egypt
Didymus. See Areus Didymus.
diglossia, 46–49, 673. See also atticism; Greek
dinner party, 115–17, 123, 125, 128, 130, 157, 176, 454, 694n2. See also Athenaeus of Naucratis; Aulus Gellius
Dio Chrysostom (Dio of Prusa), 8, 28, 34, 48, 51, 94, 129, 205, 217�
�30, 233, 265, 347–49, 352, 423–31, 438, 482, 487, 502, 527, 531, 536
biography of, 176, 217–20
Euboicus of, 12, 119, 220–22
festivals and, 597
Greece and Rome in, 222–36, 709n62
myth and literature in, 226–30
Olympic Oration of, 472, 604
On Kingship of, 422, 424, 433
as philosopher, 539, 547
politics and, 207, 213
religion and, 605, 661
on rulers, 648
Trojan Oration of, 146, 280
See also oratory; philosophy; sophists
Diodorus of Sicily, 48, 51, 319. See also history
Diogenes Laertius, 32, 85, 93, 121, 459, 485, 517, 552–57, 727n11, 728n17. See also philosophy
Diogenes of Oenoanda, 539–49, 556. See also Epicureans; philosophy
Diogenes the Cynic, 143, 223, 531, 533. See also Cynics; philosophy
Diogenianus, 501. See also epigram
Dionysius of Alexandria, 495, 497–99
Periegesis of, 497–99
See also epic; poetry
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, 48, 50, 61, 148, 317, 331, 688n1. See also history; rhetoric
Dionysius of Miletus, 149, 160, 175–76, 390–92, 394–96. See also sophists
Dogmatists, 375–76. See also medicine
Domitian, 126–27, 176, 191, 279, 708n35. See also Roman Empire
Douris of Samos, 361. See also history
drama, 25, 353, 493–94, 502–3, 641. See also poetry
education, 6, 34–35, 139–51, 178, 394–95, 642, 695n11
grammatical, 469
and Greek culture, 104, 188–94, 234, 436, 493–94
gymnastic, 155–65, 372
history of, 7
imperial, 50, 88, 720n16
medical, 374–76, 385
nonpractical, 394
the organization of, 140–41
philosophical, 295, 305, 351, 375, 570, 588
rhetorical formation in, 205–6, 469, 472, 478, 598
Roman, 25, 68, 75
and the sophists, 5
of women, 305, 695n8
See also grammar; paideia; learning
Egypt, 16–20, 101, 256, 291, 297, 300–1, 337, 399–401, 426–39, 484, 501
apocryphal Gospels found in, 673
chronology and, 634–35
cults of, 547, 605, 633
education and, 642
Greek borrowing from, 656–57
Joseph and Aseneth a story of, 649–51
religious travel in, 613, 615, 617–20
See also Roman Egypt
Empiricists, 375–76, 378. See also medicine
encomium, 89, 157, 213, 265, 352, 479, 494, 643, 723n67
the art of the, 57–58, 209–11, 629
mock, 208
the rhetoric of the, 212
See also oratory; rhetoric
Ennius, 31, 70–71, 129. See also Latin; literature; poetry
epic, 25, 36, 70, 228, 280–81, 353, 361, 464, 470, 493–99, 517
The Oxford Handbook of the Second Sophistic Page 119