Ghost Wars

by Steve Coll

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  Ewans, Martin. Afghanistan: A Short History of Its People and Politics. New York: HarperCollins, 2002.

  Fandy, Mamoun. Saudi Arabia and the Politics of Dissent. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1999.

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  Rashid, Ahmed. Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil, and Fundamentalism in Central Asia. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2000.

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to Civil War. Princeton, N.J.: Darwin Press, 1995.

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  Stewart, James B. Blood Sport: The President and His Adversaries. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996.

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  Tanner, Stephen. Afghanistan: A Military History from Alexander the Great to the Fall of the Taliban. New York: Da Capo Press, 2002.

  Teitelbaum, Joshua. Holier Than Thou: Saudi Arabia’s Islamic Opposition.Washington,D.C.:Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2000.

  Vassiliev, Alexei. The History of Saudi Arabia. New York: New York University Press, 2000.

  Weaver, Mary Anne. A Portrait of Egypt: A Journey Through the World of Militant Islam. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1999.

  –. Pakistan: In the Shadow of Jihad and Afghanistan. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2002.

  Wilkinson-Latham, Robert. NorthWest Frontier, 1837-1947. London: Osprey, 1977.

  Woodward, Bob. Shadow: Five Presidents and the Legacy of Watergate. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1999.

  –. Veil: The Secret Wars of the CIA, 1981-1987. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1987.

  Yergin, Daniel. The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money and Power. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992.

  Yousaf, Mohammad. Silent Soldier: The Man Behind the Afghan Jehad, General Akhtar Abdur Rahman Shaheed. Lahore, Pakistan: Jang, 1991.

  Yousaf, Mohammad, and Mark Adkin. The Bear Trap: Afghanistan’s Untold Story. Lahore, Pakistan: Jang, 1992.

  JOURNAL ARTICLES AND MANUSCRIPTS

  “Afghanistan, Crisis of Impunity: The Role of Pakistan, Russia, and Iran in Fueling the Civil War.” Human Rights Watch 13, no. 3 (July 2001): 3-58.

  Al-Khatlan, Saleh M. “Saudi Foreign Policy Toward Central Asia.” Journal of King Abdulaziz University 14, no. 1 (2000): 19-31.

  Al-Zawahiri, Ayman. Knights Under the Prophet’s Banner. Excerpts as printed in Al-Sharq al-Awsat, trans. FBIS. December 2, 2001.

  Azzam, Maha. “Islamic Oriented Protest Groups in Egypt 1971-1981: Theory, Politics, and Dogma.” Thesis, Oxford University, 1989.

  Bearden, Milton. “Afghanistan, Graveyard of Empires.” Foreign Affairs 80, no. 6 (November/ December 2001): 17-30.

  Beg, Mirza Aslam. “Taliban’s Military Successes, 1995-2000.” National Security (ca. 2001): 1-44.

  Benjamin, Daniel, and Steven Simon. “A Failure of Intelligence?” The New York Review of Books (December 20, 2001): 76-80.

  –. “America and the New Terrorism.” Survival 42, no. 1 (Spring 2000): 59-75.

  Cogan, Charles G. “Partners in Time: The CIA and Afghanistan Since 1979.“World Policy Journal 10, no. 2 (Summer 1993): 73-82.

  –. “Shawl of Lead: From Holy War to Civil War in Afghanistan.” Conflict 10 (1990): 189-204.

  Deutch, John, Ashton Carter, and Philip Zelikow. “Catastrophic Terrorism: Tackling the New Danger.” Foreign Affairs 77, no. 6 (November/December 1998): 80-94.

  Dowell, William. “With Massoud’s Rebels.” The Washington Quarterly 5, no. 4 (Autumn 1982): 209ff.

  Gates, Robert. “From the Shadows Manuscript.” Vols. 1 and 2. Kennedy School Library. Examined and typed April 27, 2002.

  Hyman, Anthony. “Propaganda Posters of the Afghan Resistance.” Central Asian Survey Incidental Papers Series, no. 3 (January 1985): 1-55.

  Jalali, Ali A. “Afghanistan: The Anatomy of an Ongoing Conflict.” Parameters 31, no. 1 (Spring 2001): 85-98.

  Judah, Tim. “The Taliban Papers.” Survival 44, no. 1 (Spring 2002): 69-80.

  Katzman, Kenneth. “Counterterrorism Policy: American Successes.” The Middle East Quarterly 5, no. 4 (December 1998): 45-52.

  Khalilzad, Zalmay. “Anarchy in Afghanistan.” Journal of International Affairs 51, no. 1 (Summer 1997): 37-56.

  Khalilzad, Zalmay, and Daniel Byman. “Afghanistan: The Consolidation of a Rogue State.” The Washington Quarterly 23, no. 1 (Winter 2000): 65-78.

  Kline, David. “The Conceding of Afghanistan.” The Washington Quarterly 6, no. 2 (Spring 1983): 130ff.

  Kuperman, Alan J. “The Stinger Missile and U.S. Intervention in Afghanistan.” Political Science Quarterly 114, no. 2 (Summer 1999): 219-63.

  Lundberg, Kirsten, Philip Zelikow, and Ernest May. “Politics of a Covert Action: The U.S., the Mujahideen, and the Stinger Missile.” Kennedy School of Government Case Program, Harvard University, 1999.

  Obaid, Nawaf E. “Improving U.S. Intelligence Analysis on the Saudi Arabian Decision Making Process.” Master’s degree thesis, Harvard University, 1998.

  Riedel, Bruce. “American Diplomacy and the 1999 Kargil Summit at Blair House.” Center for Advanced Study of India, University of Pennsylvania, Policy Paper Series, 2002.

  Rubin, Barnett. “Afghanistan: The Forgotten Crisis.” UNHCR Refugee Survey Quarterly 15, no. 2 (1996).

  Saikal, Amin. “The Role of Outside Actors in Afghanistan.” Middle East Policy 7, no. 4 (October 2000): 50-57.

  Tomsen, Peter. “A Chance for Peace in Afghanistan.” Foreign Affairs 79, no. 1 (January/February 2000): 179-82.

  –. “Geopolitics of an Afghan Settlement.” Perceptions, Journal of International Affairs 5, no. 4 (December 2000/February 2001): 86-105.

  Weaver, Mary Anne. “Of Birds and Bombs.” APF Reporter 20, no. 4 (2001): http://www.alicia patterson.org.

  CONGRESSIONAL HEARINGS

  Armitage, Richard. Joint House and Senate Select Intelligence Committee Hearing on Events Surrounding the Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001 (“Joint Inquiry Committee”). September 19, 2002.

  Berger, Samuel. Joint Inquiry Committee. September 19, 2002.

  Black, Cofer. Joint Inquiry Committee. September 26, 2002.

  Cannistraro, Vincent M. Senate Foreign Relations Committee: Near East and South Asian Affairs Subcommittee Hearing on Terrorism and the Middle East Peace Process. March 19, 1996.

  –. House International Relations Committee Hearing on al Qaeda and the Global Reach of Terrorism. October 3, 2001.

  Collins, James F. House International Relations Committee Hearing on Central Asia. November 14, 1995.

  Freeh, Louis. Joint Inquiry Committee. October 8, 2002.

  Gee, Robert W. Statement to House International Relations Committee: Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific. February 12, 1998.

  Hayden, Michael. Joint Inquiry Committee. October 17, 2002.

  Heslin, Sheila. Senate Governmental Affairs Committee Hearing on Finance Reform. September 17, 1997.

  Hill, Eleanor. Hearings: Joint Inquiry Committee. September 18, 2002; September 20, 2002; September 24, 2002; October 1, 2002; October 8, 2002; October 17, 2002.

  –. Staff Statements: Joint Inquiry Staff Statement. September 18, 2002.

  –. The Intelligence Community’s Knowledge of the September 11 Hijackers Prior to September 11, 2001. September 20, 2002.

  –. The FBI’s Handling of the Phoenix Electronic Communication and Investigation of
Zacarias Moussaoui Prior to September 11, 2001. September 24, 2002.

  –. Counterterrorism Information Sharing with Other Federal Agencies and with State and Local Governments and the Private Sector. October 1, 2002.

  –. Proposals for Reform Within the Intelligence Community. October 3, 2002.

  –. On the Intelligence Community’s Response to Past Terrorist Attacks Against the United States from February 1993 to September 2001. October 8, 2002.

  –. Joint Inquiry Staff Statement. October 17, 2002. Inderfurth, Karl F. Senate Foreign Relations Committee: Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs Subcommittee Hearing on Afghanistan. July 10, 1997.

  –.Senate Foreign Relations Committee: Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs Subcommittee Hearing on Events in Afghanistan. October 22, 1997.

  –.Senate Foreign Relations Committee: Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs Subcommittee Hearing on Events in Afghanistan. October 8, 1998.

  –. Senate Appropriations Committee: Foreign Operations Subcommittee Hearing on Afghanistan. March 9, 1999.

  –.Senate Foreign Relations Committee: Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs Subcommittee Hearing on the Crisis in Afghanistan. April 14, 1999.

  –. Senate Foreign Relations Committee: East Asian and the Pacific Affairs Subcommittee Hearing on Pakistan. October 14, 1999.

  –. House International Relations Committee: East Asian and the Pacific Affairs Subcommittee Hearing on Regional Security in South Asia. October 20, 1999.

  –.Senate Foreign Relations Committee: Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs Subcommittee Hearing on Afghanistan. July 20, 2000.

  Karzai, Hamid. Senate Foreign Relations Committee: Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs Subcommittee Hearing on Afghanistan. July 20, 2000.

  Khalilzad, Zalmay. Senate Foreign Relations Committee: Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs Subcommittee Hearing on Events in Afghanistan. October 22, 1997.

  –.Senate Foreign Relations Committee: Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs Subcommittee Hearing on Events in Afghanistan. October 8, 1998.

  Lake, Anthony. Joint Inquiry Committee. September 19, 2002.

  Leno, Mavis. Senate Appropriations Committee: Foreign Operations Subcommittee Hearing on Human Rights Abuses Against Women in Afghanistan. March 9, 1999.