No Better Death
Page 41
Cunningham et al., p.74.
Harston to Denis Malone, 23 Mar 1965, MS-Papers-11408-09; Lepper letter, c2001-122.
Christopher Pugsley, The ANZAC Experience: New Zealand, Australia and Empire in the First World War (Auckland, 2004), p.106, note 36, p.319.
Unidentified newspaper clipping quoting letter dated 25 Aug 1915 by McMenamin, MFCL.
NZIB War Diary, 8 Aug 1915, WA 70/1, Johnston to NZ and A Div, 10 Aug 1915, WA 20/5 box 2.
Bean, vol. II, p.679; ‘Report of Fighting on Chunuk Bair’, WA 73/1.
Lepper letter, c2001-122.
Daniel Curham diary, 8 Aug 1915, 1988.2165, KMARL.
Richard Stowers, Bloody Gallipoli: The New Zealanders’ Story (Auckland, 2005), p.182; Commonwealth War Graves Commission Website data.
Harry Ernest Browne diary, ‘Chunuk Bair’, MS-Papers-3519, ATL; ‘Report of Fighting on Chunuk Bair’, WA70/1; Smart diary, 11 Aug 1915; A.H. Wilkie, Official War History of the Wellington Mounted Rifles Regiment, 1914–1919 (Auckland, 1924), pp.51–59; A.E. Byrne, Official History of the Otago Regiment, NZEF in the Great War 1914–1918 (Dunedin, 1921), pp.56–63; Pugsley, Gallipoli, pp.301–10; Pugsley, ANZAC Experience, pp.109–13; Travers, pp.133–34.
Smart diary, 9 Aug 1915.
Tahu Rhodes diary, 17 Aug 1915, MS-1691, ATL.
Bollinger diary, 21 Aug 1915, MS Papers-1469, ATL; Smart diary, 21 Aug 1915, 1989.369; WIB War Diary, 8 Aug–14 Sep 1915, WA 73/1, ANZ.
Bollinger diary, 31 Aug 1915, MS Papers-1469, ATL.
Smart diary, 13 Aug 1915.
Cunningham et al., p.78.
Cunningham et al., p.79.
Pugsley, Gallipoli, p.312.
Smart diary, 12 Aug 1915.
Cunningham to Hughes, 23 Feb 1916; Graham to IKM, 11 May 1916, MFCL; Howe to Denis Malone, 12 May 1964, MS-Papers-11408-10; Pugsley, Gallipoli, pp.310–12.
Watson to Hughes, 15 Aug 1915, NZC 15/10/14; Hawera and Normanby Star, 23 Oct 1915, p.4.
Prior, Myth, pp.185–89; Robin Prior, ‘A ridge too far: the obstacles to Allied victory’, in Ashley Ekins ed., Gallipoli: A Ridge too Far (Wollombi, 2013), pp.76–105.
Godley to Sclater, 9 Sep 1915, WA 252/6, ANZ.
Conclusion
‘A Fearless Leader, Work of Colonel Malone, Creation of a Battalion, Training in Egypt’, MFCL. The author of this paper is not identified, but clearly knew WGM well.
Lepper letter, c 2001-122, Puke Ariki.
Cunningham to Hughes (copy), 23 Feb 1916, MS Papers-4192.
Godley to Hughes, 31 Aug 1915, MS-Papers-3871-3/1, ATL.
Lady Godley to Godley, 11 Aug 1915, post-script (copy), see also Godley to Lady Godley, 12 Aug 1915 (copy), WA 252/12, ANZ.
Lady Godley to IKM, 22 Aug 1915; Godley to IKM, 14 Aug 1915, MFCL.
Telegram, Godley to IKM, 9 Aug 1915; Mackenzie to IKM, 12 Aug 1915, MFCL.
Harston to IKM, 13 Aug 1915 (copy), MFCL.
Birdwood to IKM, 9 Aug 1915, MFCL. Birdwood mentions only two New Zealand battalion or regimental commanders in his autobiography. The ‘most admirable’ Malone and the ‘great-hearted’ Arthur Bauchop. Lord Birdwood, Khaki and Gown: An Autobiography (London, 1941), p.275.
Birdwood to one of WGM’s sons, nd (copy), Malone/1, Peter Liddle Collection, Brotherton Library, University of Leeds.
Johnston to IKM, Aug 1915, MFCL.
Godley to IKM, 14 Aug 1915, MFCL.
Mackenzie to IKM, 12 Aug 1915, 3 Sep 1915, MFCL.
Mackenzie to IKM, 30 Aug 1915, MFCL.
Coleman to IKM, 23 Dec 1915, MFCL. It is, however, odd that the committee did not write to Ida Malone until more than four months after WGM’s death.
Evening Post, 12 Aug 1915, p.7.
Evening Post, 12 Aug 1915, p.8.
See for example, Auckland Star, 12 Aug 1915, p.2; Dominion, 12 Aug 1915, p.6.
Taranaki Herald, 12 Aug 1915, p.3.
Stratford Evening Post, 12 Aug 1915.
Evening Post, 22 Oct 1915, p.3; Hawera and Normanby Star, 4 Nov 1915, p.4.
Temperley, p.11.
Cunningham et al., p. vi; ‘A Fearless Leader’, MFCL.
W. Fraser, ‘The Colours of All Saints Church’, 99-221 R3B453, Wairarapa Archive, Masterton.
The Arrower, vol.I, No.6, 24 Nov 1914, p.5.
Taranaki Herald, 9 Aug 1923; Chris Maclean and Jock Phillips, The Sorrow and the Pride: New Zealand War Memorials, (Wellington, 1990), pp.68, 88.
W.D. Curham interview, 8 Aug 1965, ID247159, Sound Archives, Christchurch.
Fred Waite, The New Zealanders at Gallipoli (Auckland, 1919), pp.221, xii–xiii.
Taranaki Herald, 9 Aug 1923; Cunningham et al., p. v.
Graham Hucker, ‘A Hall of Remembrance and its Narrative of the Great War’, paper presented at the Professional Historians Association of New Zealand Aotearoa conference, Wellington, 3 Sep 2000; David Walter, Stratford: Shakespearean Town under the Mountain: A History (Stratford, 2005), p.39.
Stratford Press, 25 Nov 2011.
Clare Lyons to editor, email, 2 Dec 2004; information provided by Dr Judy Malone.
Lyons email, 2 Dec 2004; information provided by Tessa Keegan, email Lyons to editor, 19 Feb 2014, NZDF 1325/11/4.
Ashmead-Bartlett to IKM, 6 Nov 1915, MFCL.
McNab to Prime Minister, quoting Whitlock, 20 Dec 1915, W.G. Malone P/F; Attestation Form 11 and 17 Jan 1917, Brian Malone P/F.
Marginalia on McNab to Prime Minister, 20 Dec 1915; Prime Minister’s office note, nd and attachment, 29 May 1916; W.G. Malone P/F.
Allen to IKM, 17 Aug 1921, MFCL.
Copy of will dated 11 Aug 1914 in Supreme Court probate file, MS-Papers-11408-15, ATL; information provided by Dr Judy Malone.
IKM to the District Trustee Hawera, 7 Dec 1922 (Copy), MFCL.
Papers relating to Thomas Harry Penn and Charles Penn v. Samuel Kindberg and Andrew Kindberg, (1919). ARC2013-1200, Puke Ariki; .District Public Trust Hawera to IKM, 11 Oct 1922, 30 Nov 1923 and 2 May 1924, MFCL; Clare Lyons email, 2 Dec 2004.
Clare Lyons email, 2 Dec 2004.
District Public Trustee Hawera to IKM, 6 Dec 1929, MFCL; Clare Lyon email, 2 Dec 2004.
Auckland Weekly News, 19 Aug 1915, p.64; Clare Lyons email, 2 Dec 2004, 18 Feb 2014, NZDF 1325/11/4, HQ NZDF; Ida Malone to District Public Trustee Hawera, 7 Dec 1922 (copy); Desmond Malone telephone interview, 9 Dec 2004; Extract from the Scottish register of deaths, Norah Crum (née Malone), 23 Mar 1983, copy provided by Penny Kidd.
Johnstone to IKM, Aug 1915, MFCL; History Sheet and Statement of Service, Edmond Leo Malone P/F, ANZ; Cunningham et al., pp.89–101.
Cook to 1st New Zealand Infantry Brigade, 28 Dec 1916, Edmond Malone P/F.
History Sheet, Edmond Malone P/F; Cunningham et al., p.226.
History Sheet, Edmond Malone, P/F; Cunningham et al., pp.247–53; Glyn Harper, Spring Offensive: New Zealand and the Second Battle of the Somme (Auckland, 2003), pp.96–132.
Blue and White: The Magazine of St Patrick’s College, Dec 1918, pp.12–13.
Telephone interview with Desmond Malone, 9 Dec 2004; information provided by Dr Judy Malone.
Email Mr Ray Roebuck to editor, 1 Oct 2013; Notes on telephone interview with Ray Roebuck, 14 Oct 2013, NZDF 1325/11/4; Dominion Post, 15 Jul 2009, p. A11; Andrew Moffat, Flashback: Tales and Treasures of Taranaki (Wellington, 2012), p.87–89.
Copy of duplicate birth certificate Robert Bryan Roebuck [the original birth certificate is sealed], 22 Apr 1921, copy of marriage certificate of Gladys Geraldine Roebuck, 22 Aug 1918 provided by Penny Kidd, email to editor, 14 Oct 2013; Ray Roebuck telephone interview, 14 Oct 2013, NZDF 1325/11/4.
‘Remembrance Day Service and Unveiling of Memorial Programme,’ 11 Nov 1999 and associated papers, Edmond Malone P/F.
Pugsley to Puke Ariki, 13 Mar 2010, copy in editor’s possession; information provided by Dr Judy Malone and Dr Christopher Pugsley; Moffat, p.89.
Attestation Forms, 13 Aug 1914 and 31 Jul 1917, Certificate of Discharge, dated 22 Oct 1918, Brian M
alone P/F, ANZ.
Auckland Weekly News, 19 Aug 1915, p.64.
History Sheet, attestation forms, 11 and Jan 1917, 31 Jul 1917, Brian Malone P/F.
Notification of death, 18 Jan 1968, Brian Malone P/F; Bellringer, p.161; information provided by Dr Judy Malone. Dr Malone has recently donated her substantial collection of Malone family material to the Alexander Turnbull Library and Puke Ariki.
History Sheet, Casualty Form-Active Service, Proceedings of Medical Board, 27 Mar 1916, notification of death, 18 Mar 1963, Terence Joseph Malone P/F; Terry Malone probate file, AAOM W3265 0217/63, ANZ; Desmond Malone telephone interview.
History Sheet, Maurice Patrick Malone P/F, ANZ; J.H. Luxford, With the Machine Gunners in France and Palestine: the Official History of the New Zealand Machine Corps in the Great War 1914–1918 (Auckland, 1923), pp.208–11; Desmond Malone telephone interview.
Copy of death registration provided by the Department of Internal Affairs; Coroner’s court proceedings and related papers, Feb 1926, J46, 221/1926, ANZ; information provided by Dr Ashley Gould.
Draft letter to Public Trustee Hawera, enclosure to Willis to IKM, 1 Dec 1922, MFCL; New Zealand Herald, 25 Oct 1983; Tom Tullet, Inside Dartmoor (London, 1966), pp.186–87, 197–201; Hugh Foot, A Start in Freedom (London, 1964), pp.179–80.
Obituary The Times, 6 Jan 1944, p.6.
David Irving, Hess: the Missing Years 1941–1945 (London, 1987), pp.101–02; David Erskine, The Scots Guards 1919–1955 (London, 1956), pp.64–65, 187; Commonwealth War Graves Commission Web Site data.
‘Summary NZ Army Court of Inquiry Baghak Contact, Bamiyan Province 4 August 2012 and Improvised Explosive Device Attack, Bamiyan Province 19 August 2012 (Afghan Court of Inquiry)’, copy in editor’s possession; Note on telephone interview with Mr Denis Malone (the father of Rory Malone), 23 Aug 2013, NZDF 1325/11/4; Dominion Post, 7 Aug 2012, p. A4; Army News, Aug 2012 pp.6–9.
Richard Stowers, Bloody Gallipoli: The New Zealanders’ Story (Auckland, 2005). Similarly there are 20 references to Malone in Les Carlyon’s popular general history, Gallipoli (Sydney, 2001), but only one to Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur Bauchop, the outstanding commander of the Otago Mounted Rifles who was also killed in August 1915.
Dominion, 16 Jul 1915, p.6.
Bean, vol.I, pp.509–15.
Aspinall-Oglander, vol.I, pp.296–98.
Aspinall-Oglander to W.B. Malone, 3 Dec 1936, MS-Papers-11408-07.
Pugsley, Gallipoli, pp.163–71.
Chris Roberts, The Landing at ANZAC: 1915 (Canberra, 2013), p.145.
Malone’s views are supported by material in the WIB War Dairy, 27–28 Apr 1915, WA 73/1, ANZ.
WGM diary, 14 May 1915; Howe to Denis Malone, 12 May 1964, MS Papers-11408-10.
WGM to IKM, 23 Jul 1915; Pugsley, Gallipoli, pp.192–206.
John Crawford, ‘War as the Cultivation of Domestic Virtues: William Malone and the New Zealand Experience at Gallipoli’ in A. Mete Tuncoku ed., Gallipoli in Retrospect 90 Years On (Canakkale, 2005), pp.113–38.
Waite, p.177; Bean vol. II, pp.250–53.
Peter Stanley, Quinn’s Post: Anzac, Gallipoli (Crows Nest, 2005), pp.100–10.
Harston to W.B. Malone, 5 Mar 1942, Denis Malone to Harston, 1 Mar 1965, MS-Papers-11408-09; Howe to Denis Malone, 26 Jun 1965, MS-Papers-11408-10.
Ian Hamilton, Gallipoli Diary, Vol II (London, 1920), p.86; Rhodes James, p.285.
Rhodes James to Denis Malone, 18 Nov 1963, Denis Malone to Rhodes James, 3 Dec 1963 (copy), MS-Papers-9049-1, ATL; RSA Review, Aug 1965, p.16; Rhodes James, p.359.
Waite, p.238.
Cunningham et al., p.70.
Author’s note, Maurice Shadbolt with photographs by Brian Brake, Once on Chunuk Bair (Auckland, 1982); ‘Chunuk Bair’, Avalon NFU studios and Daybreak Pictures, 1991; Evening Post, 25 Jul 1991, p.24; James Bennett, ‘Man Alone and Men Together: Maurice Shadbolt, William Malone and Chunuk Bair’, Journal of New Zealand Studies, NS13 (2012), pp.46–61.
Clipping Edmond P. Malone letter to the editor, Listener, 7 Jun 1980 and related papers, MS-Papers-8752-197, ATL; Maurice Shadbolt with photographs by Brian Brake, Once on Chunuk Bair (Auckland, 1982); ‘Chunuk Bair’, Avalon NFU studios and Daybreak Pictures, 1991; Evening Post, 25 Jul 1991, p.24; information provided by Dr Christopher Pugsley.
Pugsley, Gallipoli, pp.6, 378; information provided by Dr Judy Malone.
Jock Phillips, Nicholas Boyack and E.P. Malone eds, The Great Adventure: New Zealand soldiers describe the First World War (Wellington, 1988), pp.16–68. A poem about Malone and his battalion on Chunuk Bair was included in the 1999 collection Gallipoli and Other Poems by leading New Zealand poet Alistair Te Ariki Campbell. ‘Lt-Colonel W.G. Malone: Wellington Battalion, 8 August 1915’, Alastair Te Ariki Campbell, Gallipoli & Other Poems (Wellington, 1999), pp.18–19.
Readers Report enclosed with Iremonger to Malone, 15 Aug 1989, Williams to Malone, 18 Sep 1986, MS-Papers-11408-28, ATL.
See for example O.E. Burton, The Silent Division: New Zealanders at the Front: 1914– 1919 (Sydney, 1935), 120; Michael Neill, ‘Introduction: Getting Out From Under’, in Shadbolt, Chunuk Bair, pp.11–16; Pugsley, Gallipoli, pp.354–57.
Christopher Moore-Bick, Playing the Game: The British Junior Infantry Officer on the Western Front 1914–18 (Solihull, 2011), pp.250–52.
Note by Godley, 7 Jun 1932, MS-Papers-11408-06, ATL.
Jim Anderton, Unsung Heroes: Portraits of Inspiring New Zealanders (Auckland, 1999), pp.15–34; Sunday Star Times, 23 Apr 2000, pp.B1, B9; Dominion, 2 May 2000; Dominion Post, 9 Aug 2005; ‘William “Molly” Malone’s Life Celebrated’, 5 Aug 2005, www.scoop.co.nz.
Speech by Hon Sir Anand Satyanand, Governor-General of New Zealand, Chunuk Bair service, 25 Apr 2009, MS-Papers-9314, ATL; Dominion Post, 23 Apr 2010, p. A2. The suggestion in this article that Malone was mistakenly shot by one of his own men is not supported by the available eyewitness evidence.
Murray Moorhead, ‘Town pays tribute to great soldier’ and other newspaper clipping in W.G. Malone biography file Defence Library, HQ NZDF.
Ian McGibbon, Gallipoli: A Guide to New Zealand Battlefields and Memorials (Auckland, 2004), pp.98–99.
Note by Godley, 7 Jun 1932, MS-Papers-11408-06.
Select Bibliography
* * *
Primary sources
Unpublished
Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Wellington (ATL)
Lt Gibson Bishop[8/1406]. ‘The August Battle for Chunuk Bair as seen by a Subaltern’, 76-095
Diary of Cpl George Bollinger [10/1024], MS Papers 2350
Harry Ernest Browne diary, ‘Chunuk Bair’, MS Papers 3519
Diary of Pte Harry Burton [10/958], MS Papers 5432
Hughes Coll, MS Papers-4192
Recollections of Cpl Leonard Leary [10/188]1, MS Papers 4022
Diary of Capt John Luxford [10/307A], MS Papers 4453
Macfarlane Coll, Ms Papers 3871
Diary of Pte Ernest Mayo [10/984], MS Papers 2841
Diary of Capt A Tahu Rhodes [15/3], qMS1690-1691
Pte Aubrey Tronson [10/492]. ‘A Soldiers Book of Life’, MS Papers 2393
Archives NZ, Wellington (ANZ)
Armed Constabulary Description Book, P8/1
Army Inquiries papers, AD19 Series 22
Army Personnel papers, AD10 Series 2
Buildings – Stratford Drill Hall. AD1, 3/157
Godley Papers, WA 252
Miscellaneous Reports and Papers relating to the NZEF, WA1
Reports & Summaries AD19 Series 68
Stratford Rifle Volunteers Capitation Roll. ARM41 1910/4 O
Transport No.10 NZEF, SS Arawa. AD1, 25/19/20
Wellington Infantry Battalion War Diary and miscellaneous records. WA 70/3
Brotherton Library, University of Leeds
Malone/1, Peter Liddle Collection
Memorial book compiled from the letters and diaries of L/Cpl Claude Comyns, Peter Liddle Collection
Imperial War Museum, London
Colonel A.C. Temperley, ‘A Personal Narrative of the Battle of Chunuk Bair – August 6th–10th, 1915’, 95/16/1
Alexander Wemyss, ‘A Short History of the Contingent Company of the Ceylon Planters’, 67/177/1
Kippenberger Military Archives and Research Library, Waiouru (KMARL)
Interview Transcript Cpl Charles Clark [10/20], Acc1999.2888
Diary of Pte Daniel Curham [10/300], Acc1988.2165
Diary of Sgt Saxon Foster [10/526], Acc1998.2648
Diary of Pte Ben Smart [10/1659], Acc1989.369
Diary of Pte Peter Sutherland [10/1673], Acc1998.1737
Diary of Pte James Swan DCM [10/1674], Acc1999.1086
Diary of Pte Arthur Swayne [10/1019], Acc1992.50
Malone family Collection London (MFCL). Copies of virtually all the material referred to from this collection are now held by the Alexander Turnbull Library.
Puke Ariki, New Plymouth
Letter of Pte CH Lepper, HD Skinner Coll, ARC2002.122
Papers relating to Thomas Harry Penn and Charles Penn V. Samuel Kindberg and Andrew Kindberg, (1919). ARC2013-1200
11th (Taranaki Rifles) Regimental Coll, ARC2003.858
Wairarapa Archive
Wally Fraser, ‘The Colours of All Saints Church’, 99-221 R3B453
Wallingford family collection, Wellington
Wanganui District Library Papers of Pte Cecil Lovegrove 10/410, NZC15
Other sources
Desmond Malone, Telephone Interview 9 December 2004
Diary of Pte Oswald Meenken 10/185, Menken family, Palmerston North
Published
Appendices to the Journals of the House of Representatives, various years
The Arrower. Troopship Magazine HMNZT No.10. q940.484 ATL