How success (1871) worsened Bismarck’s vices 326
Bismarck tells how Bodelschwingh now an enemy 263
Disraeli, Benjamin (1804–81), Earl of Beaconsfield, British Prime Minister 253, 436
Meets Bismarck in London for first time, hears how Bismarck intends to use war to dominate Germany 174, 184
Mocks Liberals in 1864 for leaving Danes in lurch 222
Discusses with Russian ambassador reasons for Bismarck’s success 224
Russell convinces ‘Chief’ to speak English at Congress of Berlin 368
Flatters Queen Victoria in letters from Congress 369ff
Portrait of Bismarck in 1878 369
Oddity of meetings with Bismarck 370
Twice—an unusual honour—invited to dine with Bismarck in the family circle 371, 372 466
Great speech on implications of unification of Germany ‘a revolution’ 312–13
Dunant, Henry, (1828–1910), founder of Red Cross
Experience at Battle of Solferino (1859) leads to the Red Cross 153
Duncker, Maximilian (1811–86), historian, publisher, and liberal 165
Military seeks riots in 1848, ‘as the hart panteth after the water-brooks’ 7, 170
Name of Bismarck ‘hated’ in 1860 161
Eulenburg, August Ludwig Traugott Graf zu (1838–1921), Imperial Lord Chamberlain 425
Eulenburg, Friedrich Albrecht, ‘Fritz’, Count zu (1815–81), Prussian Minister of the Interior, 1862–78
Bismarck’s contemptuous portrait of in memoirs 189
Issues prohibition on civil servants to be active politically 186–7
John Röhl finds three packages of letters to from 1865 230
Bismarck reports on financial problems for war 231–4
Johanna to get Eulenburg (1866) to stir national agitation 259
Complains that has failed (1869) to get local government reform under control 276–7
At meeting after failure of Hohenzollern candidature 287
Bismarck betrays over local government bill crisis (1872) 337–41
Moritz Blanckenburg warns Roon that Bismarck wants to dismiss 337–8
Tells Tiedemann how remarkable the king’s preparation for work 349
Eulenburg, Botho Count zu (1831–1912), Minister of Interior 425
Bismarck blames that socialists still able to vote 375
William II appoints Prussian Minister-President and splits Reich from Prussia 457–8
Eulenburg-Hertefeld, Prince Philipp zu (1847–1921) 32, 398, 408 409, 418, 419, 425, 426, 427, 428, 437, 438, 442, 447, 448, 453
And homosexuality 425ff
As part of an anti-Bismarckian ‘camarilla’ 428–9
Believes Bismarck should be arrested for revealing Reinsurance Treaty 461
Estranged from Herbert at Bismarck’s funeral 464
Fechenbach, Carl Constantine Freiherr von (1836–1907)
Attempts to create an anti-semitic block of Conservatives and Catholics, outmanoeuvred by Windthorst 396–8
Fontane, Theodor (1819–98), novelist and journalist
Bismarck’s sneeze more interesting than speeches by liberals 5
Not policies but pettiness in his personality brought Bismarck down 5
Defends (1881) the need for Bismarck to be a despot 398–9
That view criticized for its implications 399
Fontane misses deeper meaning of his acceptance of despotism 400
Bismarck seems not to have read, though Fontane obsessed with him 418–19
Blames Jewish press for daring to criticize Bismarck (1888) 433
Young William II not a character in one of his novels 437
Franckenstein, Georg Freiherr von und zu (1825–90), Leader of the Parliamentary Centre Party
Drafts ‘Franckenstein clause’ (1879) to limit Federal government share of customs duties to 130 million marks 382–3
Rejects Fechenbach’s scheme for an anti-semitic union of Conservatives and Centre 396
Writes strong letter to Nuncio rejecting Curia’s intervention in favour of army bill 421
Franz Joseph I (1830–1916), Emperor of Austria 153, 250, 327
Appoints Prince Schwarzenberg his first minister 104
Odo Russell on obstinacy and brutality to troops 152
Bismarck hears how bitter Russians (1859) feel at Austrian betrayal in 1854 151
Declares war against France (1859) a ‘commandment of honour’ 152
Summons Congress of Princes in August 1863 196
Asks William I in 1865 if intends to annex the Duchies 222
Revokes the constitution (1865) and appoints (1865) Mensdorff, Belcredi, and Esterhazy, government of ‘Three Counts’ 251
Meets William I in Bad Gastein (1871), begins rapprochement with Prussia 327
Three Emperors meet in Berlin September, 1872 328
Meets Tsar at Reichstadt (1876) and agrees division of spheres in Balkans 353
William II asks to snub Bismarck in Vienna at Herbert’s wedding 455–6
Furious at the ‘evil old man’ who published the secret Reinsurance Treaty 462
Frederick II of Prussia, ‘The Great’ (1712–86) 14, 18, 20, 24, 27, 32, 160, 438
Promise to preserve status of the nobility because of service in war 14–15, 61
Heinitz (1782) on King’s incredible industriousness, acts as model for William I 15
Promotes Bismarck’s grandfather 30
His model of rule survives into post-1848 constitution 144
1861 new regiments sworn in at the tomb of 167
Founds the Prussian Seehandlung 230
Frederick III, Friedrich Wilhelm Nikolaus Karl von Preußen (1831–88), German Emperor 5, 371
Augusta asks Roon to be his tutor 140–1
Condemns restrictions on press of Bismarck at Danzig (1863) and row with King 195
Bismarck confront Crown Prince about attitude 208
Raises hands to heaven (1863) in exasperation with Bismarck’s policies 211–12
Drafts Prussian demands for the Duke of Augustenburg to accept 220
Does everything possible to undermine Bismarck 238
Part of a group of more liberal figures head by Queen August 239
Appalled at how Bismarck twisted the King into war he did not want 240
Guesses right that Bismarck would ‘dump Reich reform proposals’ on the table 241
Attends Crown Council (May, 1866) to decide on war with Austria 244–5
Raises question of plan to annex territory; King furious and denies it 245
Outstanding general, commands Second Army (1866) and invites Bismarck to dine with staff of Second Army 253
Stosch as representative of, sees Bismarck, on peace terms 254
Mediates between King and Bismarck over peace with Austria 255
Bismarck ‘makes peace’ with over indemnity 261
Receives draft North German constitution from Bismarck (December 1866) 268
Stosch complains to over row with Bismarck on right to counter-sign orders 271
Stosch a favourite of 279
Commands Third Army 1870 with the southern German corps 290–1
Divided feelings after his ‘complete victory’ at Wörth and terrible French casualties 292–3
Waldersee blames for the delay in bombardment of Paris 298
Angry that Bismarck press blames Victoria for delay in bombardment 300
Bismarck tells Waldersee that court clique makes ‘mess of German question’ 302
Bismarck has destroyed Germany’s good name in the world (New Year’s Day, 1871 302
Diary entry describes first day of bombardment of Paris 302
9 January 1871, attends Roon’s 50th anniversary in Prussian army notes terrible asthma 303
Brings Moltke and Bismarck together to try to reconcile them 303
16 January finds father ‘agitated beyond belief’ because of imperial title 306
Diary entry describes meeting to fina
lize imperial title 306
Diary entries on 18 January 1871 on Coronation ceremony 306–7
Bleichröder write that Bismarck behaved very rudely to French peace negotiators 309–10
Triumphant return home 310–11
Diary entry (22 September 1870) Roman Question finally ‘done with’ 316–17
Attends Crown Council (3 December, 1876) on protection 349
Cannot govern during incapacity of Kaiser William I because nothing in constitution 367
Chairs Crown Council to dissolve Reichstag (1878) 368
Bamberger’s despair at 1887 elections because Crown Prince now controlled by Bismarck 423
Stosch (1886) on his miserable state ‘poor weak soul’ 429
Waldersee thinks Bismarck’s father and son want to control 428
Surgeon fails to remove polyp from throat 429
Despairs that nobody can resist the Bismarck regime 429
Radolin planted to spy on 430
Waldersee (1888) annoyed that Jews given honours by 433
Prince William explains how ‘three generations’ means father has no financial control 435–6
As representatives of ‘another Germany that never was 471–2
Bismarck tells Hildegard (1888) how Frederick dominated by wife 35
Wreaths for funeral of Frederick III from ‘Jews’ 435
Frederick Charles (1828–85), Prussian Prince and Field Marshall 137
Roon serves as tutor 83, 87
Moltke as adjutant to and Colonel Stiehle as chief of staff to 137
As outstanding field commander and strategist 249
Reasons for Prussian victory in 1866 reliable ‘mediocrity’ 252
Commands Second Army in 1870 290
Meets Waldersee on return to Berlin (1870) and urges him to go to HQ 290
Frederick William III (1770–1840), King of Prussia 14, 26, 72, 160, 223
Names Bismarck’s grandfather Cabinet Chief 31
Frederick William IV (1795–1861), King of Prussia 46, 83, 124, 133, 135, 151, 196, 428
Writes in 1848: ‘Bismarck—to be used only when the bayonet rules without limit’ 6
Summons 1847: the United Diet to deal with economic crisis 72–3
Bismarck on honeymoon meets and finds approval for his political debut 83–4
King hesitates (March 1848) between force and concessions, opts for concessions 85–6
Bismarck tries through Princess Augusta to get Prince William to lead coup against 87–8
Creation of a secret ministry, the camarila, in the palace to counter King’s liberalism 91–2
Appoints General Count Brandenburg as Minister-President on 2 November 1848 96–7
Issues constitution but with concessions to liberals 98–9
Frankfurt Parliament offers the German Crown (March 1849) 101–2
Radowiz’s influence over through the Christian network established in 1815 103–4
Attempt to unify Germany under Prussian control by 104–6
June 1854 Franz Joseph and meet to coordinate policy 125
October 1857 King has a stroke and can no longer govern, William now Regent 134, 138
Manteuffel come to the attention of King and camarilla 162
Bismarck told Lucius, thar King had ‘an unsteady character … if one grabbed him, one came away with a handful of slime’ 99
Friedenthal, Karl Rudolf (1827–90)
Named Minister of Agriculture (19 April 1874) 383
Bismarck calls ‘a Jew who shits his trousers’ 384
As ‘Jew’ in the cabinet whom Delbrück consults 272
Gives copy of letter about Imperial title to Delbrück 304
Bismarck tells King that Friedenthal a confidante of Crown Prince 384
Lucius reports refusal to accept title 384
One of 22 ‘Jews’ in the Reichstag 1867 to 1878 (6 baptized) 391
Freytag, Gustav (1816–95), novelist, author of Soll und Haben (1855)
Anti-semitic attitudes and odious Jews in novel 390–1, 475
Stosch tells how irritable and intolerant Bismarck has become 272
Asks to publish articles about need for Reich cabinet 275
Stosch describes detail of resignation crisis of 1869 to 278
One of most popular writers of the period 395
Bismarck never read 418
Gablenz, Ludwig, Freiherr von Eskeles (1814–74), Austrian General and Viceroy in Holstein, 1865–6 237, 247
‘My Emperor has no army left’ (1866) 252
Gentz, Friedrich von (1764–1832), translater of Burke and protegé of Bismarck’s grandfather Mencken 46
Changes view on French Revolution and Burke 22–3
Meets Alexander von der Marwitz and possibly gets his Burke to Ludwig 23–4
Sees Mencken as his passport to high office 30
Wilhelm von Humboldt in1788: ‘Gentz is a windbag who pays court to every woman’ 30
Mencken pays off and gets job 31
Mencken’s death shatters hope for career in Prussian service 32
Gerlach, Ernst Ludwig von (1795–1877), Judge and leader of Evangelical Christians in Prussia 81, 84
Joins the Christian Club, the ‘May Bugs’ in 1813 56–7
As Provincial Judge in Frankfurt/Oder creates intellectual Christian circle 59–60
Bismarck cultivates and admires ‘skills’ in 1847 71
Proposes scheme to for reform patrimonial justice 71–2
Never really ‘Bismarck’s party’ 84
Notes how busy for camarilla Bismarck is, ‘almost as a minister’ 93
August 1848 gives talk on Christian basis of noble privilege 94
Not happy about Bismarck’s ‘violent promotion’ to ambassador 115
Would never oppose Bismarck (1862) because he is the only one to do the job 179–80
By March 1863 delighted with Bismarck beyond expectations 193
Calls on Bismarck (1866) and sees that all Christianity gone 236
Adolf von Kleist appalled by universal suffrage and begs Ludwig to see Bismarck 242
Disciples urge him to come out in opposition to Bismarck 242–3
Publishes ‘War and Federal Reform’ in the Kreuzzeitung (May 1866) 243
Bismarck never forgave the opposition and mocked him 244
Now realizes Bismarck no conservative 261
Andrae-Roman to on how Bismarck has changed, cites story of Stahl 324–5
Bismarck dismisses (1874) from judicial post 467
Gerlach, Ludwig Friedrich Leopold von (1790–1861), General and Adjutant to Frederick William IV 96, 101, 117, 119ff, 164, 191, 313, 428
Gerlach brothers set up secret government, the ‘Camarilla’ with Leopold as link to the King 91–2
Delighted that King rejects the crown offered by Frankfurt Parliament 101
Becomes president of the Society for the Promotion of Christianity among the Jews 91
Uses to get his ideas to King during the morning coffee hour 118
Gerlach does not object to Bismarck going behind back of his chief 118–19
First disagreement over Prussian relations with France 122
Germany too small, Bismarck writes, for Austria and Prussia to exist 122
Insists to Bismarck that Bonaparte ‘is our worst enemy’ 123
Bismark writes about how small states behave 125
Estrangement over policy towards Napoleon III 130ff
Two letters of 1857 to mark end of Bismarck’s dependence on 131–3
Writes to try to resume old connection ‘with sincere love 133
Bismarck describes his death without a word of remorse 133–4
King’s stroke makes no longer useful to Bismarck 138–9, 155
Impressed by King’s lecture (1860) on need for army reform 159
Loved Bismarck in spite of his contemptuous treatment 471
Goltz, Robert Count von der (1817–69), Prussian diplomat and Bismarck’s rival
‘Goltz! Don’
t bite my dog!’ 119
And the New Era cabinet as enemies 119, 138
Ambassador in Paris 245
Sworn enemy of Bismarck 257
At Bismarck’s house with Savigny and Kleist 261
Visits Varzin (1866) and denies that Bismarck really ill 267
Gorchakov, Prince Alexander Mikhailovich (1798–1883), Chancellor of the Russian Empire 151, 287, 351–2, 354
Bismarck falls on at Congress of Berlin and ‘Reich Dog’ attacks 369–70
Great Depression, 1873–96 315, 330
Boom follows with growth in imports 383
Statistics of and concentration of firms under 393
Rosenberg on condition for rise of new kind of anti-semitism 393
Hitler a consequence of the equivalent in 1933 27
Hammer, Johann Bernhard (1866–75), Swiss Envoy to German Reich 333
Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg, Melchior Gustav Paul Count von (1831–1901)
Bismarck defers to his high social rank 2
Hatzfeldt telegraphs Holstein that Austrians accept Mediterranean pact 423
Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg, Sophie Countess von (1805–81), mother of Bismarck’s ambassador Paul and Lassalle’s lover (?)
Defended against abusive husband by Lassalle 200
Lassalle writes to about affair with Helene von Racowitza 203
Probably passed Bismarck letters to Lassalle to Berliner Freie Presse (1878) 205
Heine, Heinrich (1797–1856), German lyric poet
One of Bismarck’s favourite writers 45
Doggerel by about the ‘Bund, Du Hund!’ 125
Henckel von Donnersmarck, Guido Count von (1830–1916)
On agricultural prices (January 1879) 331
Herrfurth, Ludwig (1830–1900), Prussian Minister of Interior, 442
Holstein, Friedrich von (1837–1909), German Foreign Ministry Official
Bismarck’s ‘reign … a constant orgy of scorn and abuse’ 12
Johanna von Bismarck
‘peculiar’ (1861) 67, 70, 114
‘looked like a cook’ 188
On Lothar Bucher as colleague 207
Bismarck insists that office be overheated at Versailles 297
Bismarck furious at Pastor Rogge’s sermon 307
‘Goltz! Don’t bite my dog’ 119
On Moltke’s calm attitude in 1870 137
On meeting Bismarck for first time 166
Notes Bismarck’s way of allowing events to unfold 412
Bismarck’s ‘master strokes’ (1887) treaties with Austria and Italy 423
Herbert tells Holstein of Reinsurance Treaty 424
Bismarck: A Life Page 75