TUTTLE PUBLISHING
Boston • Rutland, Vermont • Tokyo
These stories are works of fiction. All names, characters, places and incidents are fictitious or used fictitiously and should not be construed as accurate representations of actual persons, events, or locales.
First published in 2003 by Tuttle Publishing, an imprint of Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd., with editorial offices at 364 Innovation Drive, North Clarendon, VT 05759 U.S.A.
Copyright © 2003 by Susan Lynn Peterson
Illustrations © 2003 by Joe Reynolds
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission from Tuttle Publishing.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Pubication Data
Peterson, Susan Lynn, 1957.
Legends of the martial arts masters / by Susan Lynn Peterson. p. cm
ISBN 978-1-4629-0353-5 (ebook)
LCC No.: 2003045820
GV1113 .P48 2003
796.8/092/2 B 21
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First edition
09 08 07 06 05 04 03 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Design by Linda Carey
Printed in the United States of America
To my martial arts teachers
KandieVactor,Tony Linebarger, Lend McCaster, Johnny Linebarger, Jeff Zauderer, John Spooner, and Bill Mailman, who over the years have taught me far more than martial arts technique.
Contents
Acknowledgments
9
Introduction
11
The General Fights a Bull
13
The Great Wave
19
The Hard Way to Find a Teacher
25
The Three Sons
29
The Style of No Sword
33
A Bully Changes His Ways
37
The Ballad of Mu-lan
43
Twelve Warriors of Burma
49
Wing Chun
57
The Eighteen Hands
63
The Mind Is a Sword
69
The Gentle Way
73
Great Power, Great Control
77
The Strange Disappearance of Morihei Ueshiba
83
Why Mas Oyama Shaved His Head Twice
87
The Bright Young Man
93
A Tea Master Faces Death
97
The Cat
103
How Loyalty Saved Korean Martial Arts
107
A Kyudo Master Makes a Bet
111
Fifty Thousand High Blocks
117
About the Author
120
Acknowledgments
My thanks to all the people who made this book possible: To the folks of the CompuServe Writers’ Forum, especially the Research and Craft section, for insights into everything from botany to bow strings, tigers to tofu. Thanks especially to section leaders Diana Gabaldon and Susan Martin, and to Jo Bourne, Peggy Walsh Craig, Steven Lopata, Nan McCarthy, Janet McConnaughey, R. W. Odlin, Robert Lee Riffle, Larry Sitton, Kit Snedaker, Dodie Stoneburner, and Maya Rushing Walker.
To the folks of the CompuServe Literary Forum’s Children’s Literature section for comments and critiques—to section leader Marsha Skrypuch, and to Merrill Cornish, Linda Grimes, and Rosemarie Riechel.
To Moses Orepesa, Jr., and D. J. Sieker for their comments on the manuscript.
To the martial artists of KoSho Karate in Tucson, who listened to these stories as I learned to tell them. To Rosina Lippi Green for her insights into the business of writing and her honesty and kind words.
And most especially to my husband, Gary, who has always believed in me.
Introduction
Most stories are either nonfiction or fiction, true or make-believe. But a legend is often both.
Most of the people in Legends of the Martial Arts Masters were real people. Tamo was a real monk who lived fifteen hundred years ago. Yet because he lived so long ago, we know almost nothing about what he was like as a person. The stories about what he could do have been told and retold so many times that we no longer know what is real and what is make-believe. On the other hand, Robert Trias died in 1989. Many of his students are still alive, still teaching karate, and still telling their students what they remember about Grandmaster Trias. But already Robert Trias is becoming a legend. Stories about him are told and retold, sometimes growing a little in the telling.
Did Ueshiba Osensei really disappear into thin air? Did Nai Khanom Tom really defeat twelve Burmese Bando fighters? Did GogenYamaguchi really fight a tiger? I don’t know. That’s the way I heard the stories, but maybe they had “grown” a little before I heard them.
Even if these aren’t true in every detail, they are great legends. Why? Because legends aren’t just about what happened. Legends are about how we feel when we hear stories about great people doing great things. Legends are about wondering whether people are really able to do such spectacular feats. Legends are about wondering if we could do great things, too.
Sokon Matsumura was one of Okinawa’s greatest martial artists. When he was a child, he studied Te, an Okinawan martial art. His Te teacher, Tode Sakugawa, noticed his courage and gave him the nickname Bushi, which means “warrior.” As an adult Matsumura served the king of Okinawa by leading both the army and the king’s personal bodyguar
ds. He developed the Shuri-te style of karate to help him train the king’s soldiers. Matsumura served the king of Okinawa so well that after many years, the king formally changed Matsumura’s name to Bushi in recognition of his courage and service.
The General Fights a Bull
“Isn’t he magnificent?” King Sho asked Matsumura. “He’s too aggressive for most bull fights. He’s already killed several other bulls in the arena.”
Before them in a pen of the royal stables, a huge bull pawed at the ground. Its shoulder muscles, which were almost at Matsumura’s eye level, strained as the powerful animal thrashed its head.
“Yes, your highness,” Matsumura answered. “He is a magnificent beast.” “You will kill him,” the king responded.
Matsumura was silent. He looked at the animal, the huge pointed horns, the massive head. The power. The majesty.
“Your highness?” he said, “I’m not sure what you are asking from me.”
“At the festival tomorrow,” the king said. “In the ring, at the festival. You will kill him with your bare hands. Everyone will see that the commander of my bodyguards, the great Matsumura, is the most powerful man in the land.”
“Sir, I have never used my Te against an animal before. It’s a defensive art, your majesty, not for slaughtering animals. Could I not serve you in another way?”
The king shot him a look of anger. “You presume to tell me how you should serve me? I bought this bull for you. I bought this bull to honor your skills as a martial artist before the festival. You will fight the bull. Do you understand?”
“Your Majesty . . .” Matsumura began.
“You will fight the bull, and you will win, or I will throw you into prison. Do you understand?”
“Yes, Your Majesty. I will fight the bull.”
After sunset, Matsumura sat alone at the edge of the palace courtyard. He thought of the bull. It was a beautiful animal, strong and powerful. It would not be easy to break its neck, but he could do it. He could do it, but he did not want to.
“Use your Te only in defense,” his teacher had taught him. “Use it to defend yourself, your family, your king, and your country. Use it to defend the defenseless innocent, but never provoke a fight. Never use your art simply to show off.”
Killing a bull seemed like showing off to him. But he didn’t want to go to prison. He began to walk the grounds. Perhaps the king would change his mind. No, that wasn’t likely.
Matsumura walked through the garden, his mind on his problem. Absentmindedly he dragged his hand through the flower vines at the edge of the path. He felt their soft petals brush his fingers as he walked and thought. Suddenly a piercing pain shot through his hand. He jumped back. Out of his finger stuck a one-inch thorn from one of the king’s Chinese flower bushes overhanging the path. Gingerly, Matsumura pulled the thorn from his finger. He tasted blood on his throbbing finger as he sucked the wound. It was amazing something so small could cause so much pain. Suddenly he had an idea. He dashed across the garden to the stables.
Pausing for a moment to straighten his uniform, he stepped through the stable door.
The workers jumped to their feet, surprised to see the captain of the guard, the great Matsumura in the stables.
“I am the keeper of the stables,” an older man said, as he stepped forward. “How may I serve you, sir?”
“Take me to the bull,” Matsumura commanded. “I must look my adversary in the eye, learn his ways, if I am to fight him.”
“Certainly, Lord Matsumura,” the stable keeper motioned to a pen in the back of the stables. “After you, sir.”
Matsumura walked to the pen, his eyes locked on the bull. “Tie him,” he commanded. “Tie him so he cannot move.”
“Yes, sir.” The stable keeper scrambled for two lengths of rope. One at a time, he looped them over the animal’s head and tied them securely to the solid wood beams of the pen.
“Now leave,” Matsumura commanded. “All of you leave.” The stable hands scrambled to the doors.
Matsumura climbed into the pen. The bull strained against the ropes. “The ropes don’t seem very strong,” Matsumura thought to himself. “If he breaks free, he’ll trap me against the rails of the pen.” The fear rose inside him, gripped his stomach like a hand, and twisted. Matsumura took a deep breath and faced the bull, faced his fear.
“The king says I must defeat you. But you are not my enemy.” He reached up to his topknot, the tight bundle of hair he wore on top of his head. He pulled out a hairpin, and tested its point on his finger next to the thorn mark. A second tiny dot of blood rose. Matsumura had heard of martial arts masters who could kill with a hairpin. He hoped to save a life with one.
He assumed a sturdy fighting stance in front of the bull. The bull watched him curiously. “Forgive me, my friend,” Matsumura said. Then from deep within his center, he let out a bloodcurdling shout, known as a kiai, and like lightning pricked the bull’s nose with his hairpin.
The bull bellowed and strained against the ropes, his eyes wild. He thrashed his head tried to reach Matsumura with his horns. Matsumura watched the ropes. They held. Barely. Matsumura waited as calmly as he could. Eventually, the animal quieted. Again Matsumura let out a powerful kiai and again pricked the animal lightly with his pin. Again the bull struggled and tried to charge. Again Matsumura waited for the animal to stop struggling. Again, and again, and again—kiai, prick, kiai, prick. Several minutes later he walked out of the stables into the cool night air.
The next day at the festival, Matsumura, head of the king’s bodyguards, walked around the edges of the arena. He checked the guards at the entrances, and posted an extra two in the back of the arena to watch for troublemakers. With his experienced eye, he scanned the crowd for anyone who might want to do the king harm. He saw none. The people of Okinawa were in a party mood. Colorful banners decorated the arena, and the smell of spicy roasted fish and other foods filled the air. These festivals were one of the high points of the year. The people loved the horseback-riding demonstrations, the fights, and the chance to eat and celebrate.
Matsumura made his way to the king’s seat. He checked with the guards. All was well. As Matsumura turned to leave, the king noticed him and waved him over. Matsumura bowed deeply. Still munching the pear he had been snacking on, the king said, “I assume you are ready to meet the bull?”
“Of course, Your Majesty,” Matsumura replied.
“I knew you would be,” the king said, choosing a bunch of grapes from a bowl. “You have never disappointed me yet.”
“I hope this won’t be the first time,” Matsumura thought to himself as he bowed and left the box. Disappointing a king was not good for one’s health.
Matsumura heard his name called. He strode to the center of the arena amidst the cheers of the crowd. He felt the fear inside him rise. He took a deep breath and nudged the fear to the back of his mind. He wanted to meet the bull with his emotions and mind clear. He heard several dull thuds as the bull in its pen banged the rails with its shoulders. Matsumura watched it and wondered if his plan would work. If it didn’t, he would be fighting for his life in a matter of moments.
He nodded to the stable keeper, who untied the rope holding the gate closed. The bull threw his weight against it and it popped open with a force that made the crowd gasp. Matsumura took a fighting stance. The bull spotted him and began moving forward. Matsumura waited. The bull picked up his speed to a trot. Matsumura waited. The bull bore down, almost upon him.
Quickly Matsumura shifted to let the bull pass. As he did, he shouted. Matsumura’s kiai rang through the air like a shock wave. The crowd fell silent. The bull spun to look at Matsumura. For a moment time stood still. The crowd held its breath. The bull and Matsumura stood looking deep into each other’s eyes. Matsumura kiaied again. A look of recognition crossed the bull’s face. He turned and bolted for t
he far side of the arena. Matsumura followed. He kiaied. Again the bull ran. Matsumura gave chase. The crowd broke into cheers. “Bushi! Bushi! Bushi!” they cried. “Warrior, warrior, warrior!”
The king finally stood. He raised a hand, and the crowd gradually fell silent.
“Matsumura,” he shouted. “Come stand before me.”
Matsumura backed away from the bull as the stable keeper and his assistants stepped out with ropes and prods to bring the animal back to his pen. He strode to the far side of the arena where the king stood and bowed deeply.
“Matsumura,” the king said, “your power is great. Even the most powerful bull in the land does not dare do battle with you. From this day forward you will be known as ‘Bushi Matsumura.’ For you are indeed a great warrior.”
Sumo is a traditional style of Japanese wrestling. Huge men, some of them weighing as much as 450 pounds, enter a packed-clay ring covered by a large roof that looks like a Shinto shrine. The ring is known as a dohyo, the wrestlers as rikishi. From a crouching position, the rikishi, wearing nothing but silk loincloths, crash into each other. To win the match, one of them has to tip the other over or push him out of the ring.
The Great Wave
Onami stood across from his opponent in the dohyo, the sumo ring. He estimated the opponent to be a good seventy-five pounds lighter than he. Size didn’t guarantee him a victory, but it would certainly help. Onami looked into his opponent’s eyes. They were cool, steady. Onami hoped his looked just as steady, but he doubted it. There was something about wrestling in a ring before a huge, cheering crowd that made him nervous.
Legends of the Martial Arts Masters Page 1