*Olivia. Olivia. op/b
*Elizabeth Maddox Roberts. Time of Man. op/f
*Katherine Anne Porter. “The Grave,” and Miranda in “Old Order” in Leaning Tower and Other Stories. pb/f
*Dawn Powell. My Home Is Far Away. op/f
*James Agee. Young Emma and Ivy in Let Us Now Praise Famous Men. pb/b
*Christina Stead. The Man Who Loved Children (patriarchy). pb/f
*Lore Segal. Other People’s Houses. op/f
*Paule Marshall. Brown Girl, Brownstones. pb/f
*Toni Morrison. The Bluest Eye. pb/f
*Alix Kates Schulman. Memoirs of an Ex-Prom Queen. #/pb/f
*A trilogy of the 1950s, preferably read as a cluster:
Sylvia Plath. The Bell Jar. pb/f/t
*Hannah Green (Joanna Greenberg). I Never Promised You a Rose Garden. pb/f/t
Barbara Probst Solomon. The Beat of Life. op/f/t
H. C. Brown. Grandmother Brown: Her First Hundred Years. #/op/b Zdena Berger. Tell Me Another Morning (girlhood in Auschwitz). op/f Jeanette Everly. Bonnie Jo, Go Home (a pregnant teenager). pb/f/j
Girlhood Labor (in addition to unpaid, necessary household labor)
Dorothy Sterling. Freedom Train: The Life of Harriet Tubman. b/pb/j
Herman Melville. “Paradise of Bachelors and Tartarus of Maids,” in Complete Stories. h/f
Rebecca Harding Davis. Margret Howth. op/f
Elizabeth Stuart Phelps. The Silent Partner. f/op
Elizabeth Stuart Phelps. “28th of January,” in Sixteen for One. f/op
Ida Pruitt. Daughter of Han. pb/b
Lucy Larcom. New England Girlhood. h/b; An Idyl of Work. h/p
Emile Zola. Seventeen-year old Catherine in Germinal. pb/f
W. E. B. DuBois. Josie in “On the Meaning of Progress,” in The Souls of Black Folk. pb/essay
Katherine Mansfield. “The Child Who Was Tired,” in Short Stories. h/f
Anton Chekhov. “Sleepyhead,” in Best Known Works. pb/f
L. B. Honwana. “Dina,” in We Killed Mangy Dog and Other Stories of Mozambique. op/f
Also see Cookson, Powell, Yezierska, Holland, Wilde, Smedley, Brönte, Moody and Varney. Begin counting the numberless and nameless “little maids” and slaves or slaveys who populate fiction of the past.
Childhoods
*Dorothy Canfield. Understood Betsy. pb/f/j
George Madden Martin. Emmy Lou; Her Book and Heart. op/f/j
*Ruth Holland. Mill Child. pb/f/j
*Katherine Mansfield. “The Doll’s House,” “Prelude,” and “At the Bay,” in Short Stories. pb/f
Dawnings, Flowerings, Strivings, Sexuality
*May Sinclair. Mary Olivier. op/f
*Dorothy Richardson. “Honeycomb,” Pilgrimage, Vol. 1. h/f
*Colette. Claudine. h/f; Ripening Seed. h/f
Rosamond Lehmann. Dusty Answer. op/f
Rosamond Lehmann. Invitation to the Waltz. op/f
Emily Carr. The Book of Small Growing Pains. pb/b
Anzia Yezierska. Arrogant Beggar (an immigrant girl). op/f
*Henry Handel Richardson. Growing Pains. op/f; The End of Childhood. op/f
*Isabel Bolton Miller. Under Gemini. op/b; Days of My Youth. op/f
*Jessamyn West. Her girl self in Hide and Seek. h/b; Cress Delahanty. pb/f/j
Josephine Johnson. Now in November. op/f; “I Was 16,” in Winter Orchard, and Other Stories. op/f
Jo Sinclair. The Changelings. op/b
*Doris Lessing. Martha Quest. pb/f
*Hannah Green. The Dead of the House. pb/f
*Carson McCullers. The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter. pb/f
Carson McCullers. Member of the Wedding. pb/f
Violette Leduc. “The Golden Button,” in The Woman with the Little Fox. h/f
*Katherine Mansfield. “The Wind Blows” and “Garden Party,” in Short Stories. hc/f
*Christina Stead. Salzburg Tales. op/f; Teresa in For Love Alone. op/f
*Eudora Welty. “Livvie,” in Selected Stories. pb/f
Dorothy Parker. “The Waltz,” in Collected Stories. pb/f
*Betty Smith. A Tree Grows in Brooklyn. pb/f
Jean Stafford. “The Tea Time of Stout Hearted Ladies,” in Best American Short Stories 1965. pb/f
Maxine Kumin. Through Dooms of Love. h/f
Lenore Marshall. Hill Is Level. op/f
Jane Mayhall. Cousin to Human. h/f
Maureen Howard. “Bridgeport Bus,” in Prize Stories 1962: The O’Henry Awards. pb/f
*Alice Munro. Lives of Girls and Women. h/f; Dance of the Happy Shade. h/f
Blanche Boyd. Nerves. pb/f
Toni Cade Bambara. Gorilla, My Love. pb/f
Anne Moody. Coming of Age in Mississippi. pb/b
Joyce Varney. Welsh Story. h/b
Maya Angelou. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. pb/b
Writers About Themselves
*Ellen Glasgow. The Woman Within. #/op/b
Storm Jameson. Journey to the North. #/h/b
Zelda Fitzgerald. Save Me the Waltz. #/p/f; also see the first part of Nancy Milford’s Zelda. pb/b
Henry Handel Richardson. Myself When Young. op/b
Appearance
Doris Lessing. “Notes for a Case History,” in A Man and Two Women. pb/f
Rarities
Mary Webb. Precious Bane. op/f
Nancy Hale. New England Girlhood. pb/b
*Katherine Butler Hathaway. The Little Locksmith. op/b
Rape, Brutality, Degradations, Prostitution
*Jean Rhys. Good Morning, Midnight. op/f
Dorothy Parker. “Mr. Durant,” in Collected Stories. pb/f
Christina Stead. The Puzzleheaded Girl. op/f
Olive Schreiner. Bertie in From Man to Man. op/f
*Samuel Richardson. Clarissa. pb/f
*Nelson Algren. Never Come Morning. pb/f
John Reed. Daughter of the Revolution. op/f
Eudora Welty. “At the Landing,” in Wide Net, and Other Stories. h/f
Katherine Mansfield. “The Little Governess,” in Short Stories. pb/f
Patricia Griffith. “Nights at O’Rourkes,” in Prize Stories 1970. pb/f
Bertolt Brecht. “The Infanticide of Marie Farrar,” in Selected Poems. pb/b
Assumption Girls Belong to Their Elders
Jean Stafford. “The Liberation,” in Stories. pb/f
Nancy Hale. “Rich People,” in The Pattern of Perfection. pb/f
PERMISSIONS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Excerpt from Momma by Alta, copyright © 1974, reprinted by permission of the author and Times Change Press.
Excerpts from “Sylvia Plath: A Memoir” in The Savage God: A Study of Suicide by A. Alvarez, copyright © 1971 by A. Alvarez, reprinted by permission of Gillon Aitkens Associates Ltd. for the author.
Excerpt from “Adam and Eve and the Child” in Ladder of the World’s Joy by Sarah Appleton, copyright © 1977, reprinted by permission of the author.
Excerpt from Poets at Work by Charles D. Abbott, W. H. Auden, and Karl Shapiro, copyright © 1948 by Harcourt, Inc., and renewed 1976 by Henry David Abbott, Karl Shapiro, and Rudolf Arnheim, reprinted by permission of the publisher.
Excerpt from “Squares and Oblongs” in The Complete Works of W. H. Auden: Prose, Volume II, 1939–1948 edited by Edward Mendelson, copyright © 2002, reprinted by permission of Princeton University Press and Faber and Faber, Inc.
Excerpt from The Jewish Woman of America by Charlotte Baum, Paula Hyman, and Sonya Michel, copyright © 1976, reprinted by permission of Doubleday, a division of Random House, Inc.
Excerpt from interview with John Gardner in The New Fiction: Interviews with Innovative American Writers by Joe David Bellamy, copyright © 1974, reprinted by permission of the University of Illinois Press.
Excerpt from What the Woman Lived edited by Ruth Limmer, copyright © 2003 by Mary Kinzie as trustee for the literary estate of Louise Bogan, reprinted by permission of the author’s estate.
Excerpts from the
letters of Joseph Conrad in Joseph Conrad: Life and Letters by Jean Aubrey, copyright © 1927, and Letters of Joseph Conrad by Edward Garnett, copyright © 1928, reprinted by permission of Penningtons Solicitors and the Trustees of the Joseph Conrad Estate.
Excerpts from “Eve” and “Waiting” in The Flashboat: Poems Collected and Reclaimed by Jane Cooper, copyright © 2000 by Jane Cooper, reprinted by permission of W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. “Eve” and “Waiting” originally appeared in The American Poetry Review.
Excerpts from poems 272, 248, 327, 559, 612, 579, 613, 77, 690, 538, 773, 1233, 486, 959, 1304, 731, 1547 by Emily Dickinson reprinted by permission of the publishers and the Trustees of Amherst College from The Poems of Emily Dickinson, Thomas H. Johnson, ed., Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, copyright © 1951, 1955, 1979 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.
Excerpts from two letters by Emily Dickinson reprinted by permission of the publishers from The Letters of Emily Dickinson, Thomas H. Johnson, ed., Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, copyright © 1958, 1986 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.
Excerpt from The Trees and the Fields Went the Other Way by Evelyn Eaton, copyright © 1974 by Evelyn Eaton, reprinted with the permission of McIntosh and Otis, Inc., for the author.
Excerpts from The Letters of Gerard Manley Hopkins to Robert Bridges edited by Claude Colleer Abbott, copyright © 1935, reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press (UK).
Excerpts from The Correspondence of Gerard Manley Hopkins and Richard Watson Dixon, copyright © 1935, reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press (UK).
Excerpt from The Art of Sylvia Plath by Richard Howard, edited by Charles Newman, copyright © 1970, reprinted by permission of the author.
Excerpts from The Diaries of Franz Kafka 1910–1913 by Franz Kafka, edited by Max Brod, translated by Joseph Kresh, copyright © 1948 and renewed 1976 by Schocken Books, reprinted by permission of Schocken Books, a division of Random House, Inc.
Excerpts from The Diaries of Franz Kafka 1914–1923 by Franz Kafka, edited by Max Brod, translated by Martin Greenberg and Hannah Arendt, copyright © 1949 and renewed 1977 by Schocken Books, reprinted by permission of Schocken Books, a division of Random House, Inc.
Excerpts from “The Munich Mannequins,” “Stings,” “Lesbos,” and “Kindness,” by Sylvia Plath in Ariel, copyright © 1965 by Ted Hughes, and from “The Babysitters” in Crossing the Water, copyright © 1971 by Ted Hughes, reprinted by permission of HarperCollins Publishers and Faber and Faber, Inc.
Excerpt from “Incipience” in Diving into the Wreck by Adrienne Rich, copyright © 1973, reprinted by permission of W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Excerpt from the foreword to Susan Griffin’s Voices: a play by Adrienne Rich, copyright © 1975, by permission of the author.
Excerpt from “When We Dead Awaken: Writing as Re-Vision” in On Lies, Secrets and Silence by Adrienne Rich, copyright © 1979, reprinted by permission of W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Excerpt from Pilgrimage by Dorothy Richardson, copyright © 1916, reprinted by permission of Paterson Marsh Ltd. on behalf of The Estate of Dorothy Richardson.
Excerpts from Letters of Rainer Maria Rilke 1892–1919 translated by Jane Bannard Green and M. D. Herter Norton, copyright © 1945 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., and renewed 1972 by M. D. Herter Norton, reprinted by permission of W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Excerpts from Rainer Maria Rilke: The Years in Switzerland by J. R. von Salis, translated by N. K. Cruickshank, copyright © 1964 by Hogarth Press Ltd., reprinted by permission of the University of California Press.
Excerpt from “Flee on Your Donkey,” in Live or Die by Anne Sexton, copyright © 1966 by Anne Sexton, renewed 1994 by Linda G. Sexton, reprinted by permission of Houghton Mifflin Company and Sterling Lord Literistic, Inc. All rights reserved.
Excerpts from A Room of One’s Own by Virginia Woolf, copyright © 1929 by Harcourt, Inc., and renewed 1957 by Leonard Woolf, reprinted by permission of the publisher and the Society of Authors as the Literary Representative of the Estate of Virginia Woolf.
Excerpts from A Writer’s Diary Virginia Woolf, copyright © 1954 by Leonard Woolf and renewed 1982 by Quentin Bell and Angelica Garnett, reprinted by permission of Harcourt, Inc., and The Random House Group Ltd. Originally published by The Hogarth Press Ltd.
Excerpts from Collected Essays, Volume II by Virginia Woolf, copyright © 1967 by Leonard Woolf, reprinted by permission of Harcourt, Inc., and the Society of Authors as the Literary Representative of the Estate of Virginia Woolf.
Excerpts from Three Guineas by Virginia Woolf, copyright © 1938 by Harcourt, Inc., and renewed 1966 by Leonard Woolf, reprinted by permission of the publisher and the Society of Authors as the Literary Representative of the Estate of Virginia Woolf.
Excerpts from To the Lighthouse by Virginia Woolf, copyright © 1927 by Harcourt, Inc., and renewed 1954 by Leonard Woolf, reprinted by permission of the publisher and the Society of Authors as the Literary Representative of the Estate of Virginia Woolf.
Excerpt from “On Woman” by W. B. Yeats from The Collected Works of W. B. Yeats, Vol. 1: The Poems, Revised, edited by Richard J. Finneran (New York: Scribner) copyright © 1997. Reprinted with the permission of Scribner, an imprint of Simon & Schuster Adult Publishing Group, and A. P. Watt Ltd. on behalf of Michael B. Yeats.
SUBJECT INDEX
Absences as kind of silence, 147–148
Academy of American Poets Awards, 189
Adventures and Letters of Richard Harding Davis (Charles Belmont Davis), 117
Advertisements for Myself (Mailer), 238
“After the Pleasure Party” (Melville), 196n
Alberta (Sandel), 90n
Alcoholism, 149
Alexander’s Bridge (Cather), 137
American Academy/National Institute of Arts & Letters Awards, 189
“American Aloe on Exhibition, The” (Melville), 135
American Notes (Dickens), 284
Angel in the house situation, 34–37, 42–43, 207, 213–217
“Angel Over the Right Shoulder, The” (E. Stuart Phelps), 207
“Anne” (Davis), 111
Appearance, 233–234
Ariel (Plath), 36n
Art of Sylvia Plath, The (ed. Newman), 37n
“Artist as Uneconomic Man, The” (Lynes), 168n
Atlantic Monthly, 49, 63–65, 67, 72, 75, 83, 87, 89, 94, 112
Authors and Friends (Fields), 77n
“Babushka Farnham” (Fisher), 18, 90n
“Babysitters, The” (Plath), 194n
Bell Jar, The (Plath), 30
Billy Budd (Melville), 8
Bits of Gossip (Davis), 54n, 73n, 78, 86n, 98n
Black American Writers, 146
“Black North, The” (Davis), 112
Black writers, 9, 146, 262
Blight, 38, 178, 224–227; hidden, 228–247
“Blind Tom” (Davis), 82–83
Bollingen Poetry Prize, 189
Book Review Index, 189
Books in Print, 190
Breakdown, 87–88, 90, 224–227
“Bridge, The” (Crane), 165
Bright Book of Life (Kazin), 187
Burning Brand, The (Pavese), 153
Call It Sleep (Henry Roth), 9n
“Camoëns” (Melville), 135
Cane (Toomer), 9n
Censorship, 6, 9, 44, 122, 142–143
Century of Dishonor, A (Helen Hunt Jackson), 109
Chapters from a Life (E. Stuart Lyon Phelps), 115n, 206
Childless women, 16, 31, 200–202
Children’s books, 37
City of Words—American Fiction 1950–1970 (Tanner), 187
Clarissa (Samuel Richardson), 27n
Class, 139, 146, 261–264
Collected Essays of Katherine Anne Porter, The, 41n
Complete Poems of Emily Dickinson, The, 244n
Conscience, 42<
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Constriction, 41–43, 248–255
Contemporary Literary Criticism; Cumulative Index to Authors, 187
Contemporary Novel; A Checklist of Critical Literature in Britain and America Since 1945, 187
Contemporary Novelists, 188
Contemporary World Literature, 187
Counterfeiters, The (Gide), 154
“Country Girls in Town” (Davis), 112
Country of the Pointed Firs (Jewett), 139
Course in Poetics (Valéry), 12
Cousin Bette (Balzac), 154
Crack-Up, The (Fitzgerald), 147, 153
Creativity, 9–21, 152–158, 261–264
Critical attitudes toward women, 30, 31, 40–41, 99–100, 109, 171, 230–253
“Crossing Brooklyn Ferry” (Whitman), 65n
Curriculum, 28, 39, 180, 186
“Curse of Education” (Davis), 112
Dallas Galbraith (Davis), 100
Darkwater: Voices from Within the Veil (DuBois), 33n
Daughter of Earth (Smedley), 40, 44–45
David Gaunt (Davis), 75, 93
De Profundis (Wilde), 148
Dear Theo (Van Gogh), 153
Declaration of Women’s Rights, 54–55, 108
Democratic Vistas (Whitman), 182–183
Devaluation, 40, 228–232
Devil’s Hand, The (Kelley), 35n
Diaries (Kafka), 153
Diaries (Nin), 43
Diario del Cuartelo (Gutierrez), 144
Dictionary of American Biography, 113
“Disease of Money-Getting, The” (Davis), 112
Dr. Zay (E. Stuart Lyon Phelps), 115n
Dollmaker, The (Arnow), 40, 44
Drug use, 149
Earthen Pitchers (Davis), 57n, 104–107, 109, 111
Economics, 24, 75, 167–170
Education, 23, 52–54, 263; curriculum, 28, 30, 180, 186
“Ellen” (Davis), 75
Eminent Women of the Age (Stanton), 53n
“Eve” (Cooper), 197n, 198n
“Evening over Sussex: Reflections in a Motor-car” (Woolf), 217
Factory Girl, The, 285
Fame, 128–129, 171, 172
Far From the Madding Crowd (Hardy), 125
Female Labor Reform Association, 285
Femininity, 30
Feminist literary criticism, 181
First generation, 263–264
“Flee on Your Donkey” (Sexton), 226n
Silences Page 34