by Bruce Catton
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A Brief History of the 100th Regiment, by Samuel P. Bates. Newcastle, Pa., 1884.
Campaigns of the 146th Regiment New York State Volunteers, compiled by Mary Genevie Green Brainard. New York, 1915.
Camp-Fire Chats of the Civil War, by Washington Davis. Chicago, 1884.
Civil War Echoes: Character Sketches and State Secrets, by
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Deeds of Daring: or, History of the 8th New York Volunteer
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Diary of Battery A, First Regiment Rhode Island Light Artillery, by Theodore Reichardt. Providence, 1865.
Down in Dixie: Life in a Cavalry Regiment in the War Days, by Stanton P. Allen. Boston, 1888.
The Fifth Army Corps, by Lieutenant Colonel William H. Powell. New York, 1896.
First Connecticut Heavy Artillery: Historical Sketch, by E. B. Bennett. Hartford, 1904.
The 48th in the War, by Oliver Christian Bosbyshell. Philadelphia, 1895.
Four Years Campaigning in the Army of the Potomac, by B. G. Crotty. Grand Rapids, 1874.
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The Fourteenth Regiment Rhode Island Heavy Artillery in the War to Preserve the Union, by William H. Chenery. Providence, 1898.
Henry Wilsons Regiment: History of the 22nd Massachusetts Infantry, by John L. Parker and Robert G. Carter. Boston, 1887.
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History of the 8th Cavalry Regiment, Illinois Volunteers, by Abner Hard, M.D. Aurora, 111., 1868.
History of the 8th Regiment Vermont Volunteers, by George N. Carpenter. Boston, 1886.
History of the 87th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, by George R. Prowell. York, Pa., 1903.
History of the 5th Regiment Maine Volunteers, by the Revo George W. Bicknell. Portland, Me., 1871.
History of the 50th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, by Lewis Crater. Reading, Pa., 1884.
History of the 51st Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers, by Thomas H. Parker. Philadelphia, 1869.
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History of the First Regiment of Heavy Artillery, Massachusetts Volunteers, by Alfred Seelye Roe and Charles Nutt. Worcester and Boston, 1917.
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History of the 150th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, by Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Chamberlin, Philadelphia, 1895.
History of the 198th Pennsylvania Volunteers, by Major E. M. Woodward. Trenton, N.J., 1884.
History of the 106th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, by Joseph R. C. Ward. Philadelphia, 1883.
History of the Philadelphia Brigade, by Charles H. Banes. Philadelphia, 1876.
History of the Sauk County Riflemen, by Philip Cheek and Mair Pointon. Privately printed, 1909.
History of the Second Army Corps, by Francis A. Walker. New York, 1886.
History of the 2nd Connecticut Volunteer Heavy Artillery, by Theodore F. Vaill. Winsted, Conn., 1868.
History of the 17th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, by H. P. Moyer. Lebanon, Pa., 1911.
History of the 7th Connecticut Volunteer Infantry, compiled by Stephen Walkley. Southington, Conn., 1905.
The History of the 10th Massachusetts Battery of Light Artillery in the War of the Rebellion, by John D. Billings. Boston, 1881.
History of the 3rd Pennsylvania Cavalry, compiled by the
Regimental History Association. Philadelphia, 1905. History of the 3rd Regiment of Wisconsin Veteran Volunteer
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Henry Sweetser Burrage. Boston, 1884. History of the 12th Massachusetts Volunteers, by Lieutenant
Colonel Benjamin F. Cook. Boston, 1882.
History of the 12th Regiment New Hampshire Volunteers, by
Captain A. W. Bartlett. Concord, N.H., 1897.
History of the 24th Michigan of the Iron Brigade, by O. B.
Curtis. Detroit, 189L
History of the 29th Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, by William O. Osborne. Boston, 1877.
I Rode with Stonewall, by Henry Kyd Douglas. Chapel Hill, 1940.
In the Defenses of Washington: or, the Sunshine in a Soldier's Life, by Stephen F. Blanding. Providence, 1889.
The Irish Brigade and Its Campaigns, by Captain D. F» Conyngham. Boston, 1869.
The Iron-Hearted Regiment; being an Account of the Battles, Marches and Gallant Deeds Performed by the 115th Regiment New York Volunteers, by James H. Clark. Albany, 1865.
Journal History of the 29th Ohio Veteran Volunteers, by J.
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Memoirs of Chaplain Life, by the Very Rev. William Corby, C.S.C. Notre Dame, Ind., 1894.
Military History of the Third Division, Ninth Corps, Army of the Potomac, compiled and edited by Milton A. Embick. Harrisburg, Pa., 1910.
Music on the March, by Frank Rauscher. Philadelphia, 1892.
Musket and Sword, by Edwin C. Bennett. Boston, 1900.
My Diary of Rambles with the 25th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, by D. L. Day. Milford, Mass., 1883.
My Life in the Army, by Robert Tilney. Philadelphia, 1912.
The Passing of the Armies, by Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain, Brevet Major General, U.S. Volunteers. New York, 1915.
Personal and Historical Sketches and Facial History of and by Members of the 7th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Cavalry, compiled by William O. Lee. Detroit, 1907.
Personal Narratives, Second Series, the Rhode Island Soldiers and Sailors Historical Society. Providence, 1880-81.
Personal Recollections of Distinguished Generals, by William F. G. Shanks. New York, 1866.
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Record of Service of Company K, 150th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, by James C. Cannon. Cleveland, 1903.
Red-Tape and Pigeon-Hole Generals: as Seen from the Ranks during a Campaign in the Army of the Potomac, by a Citizen-Soldier. New York, 1864.
Red, White and Blue Badge: Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, by Penrose G. Mark. Harrisburg, 1911.
Reminiscences and Record of the 6th New York Veteran Volunteer Cavalry, by Alonzo Foster. Privately printed: 1892.
Reminiscences of the 19th Massachusetts Regiment, by Captain John G. B. Adams. Boston, 1899.
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Reminiscences of the War of the Rebellion, 1861-1865, by Major Jacob Roemer. Flushin
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Service with the Sixth Wisconsin Volunteers, by Rufus R. Dawes. Marietta, Ohio, 1890.
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A Soldiers Diary: the Story of a Volunteer, by David Lane0 1905.
The Story of the 15th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, by Andrew E. Ford. Clinton, Mass., 1898.
The Story of the First Massachusetts Light Battery, by A. J. Bennett. Boston, 1886.
The Story of the 48th, by Joseph Gould. Philadelphia, 1908.
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The Sunset of the Confederacy, by Morris Schaff. Boston, 1912.
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Three Years in the Army: the Story of the 13th Massachusetts Volunteers, by Charles E. Davis, Jr. Boston, 1893.
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NOTES
Chapter One: Glory Is Out of Date
A BOY NAMED MARTIN
The atmosphere of army dances during the winter of 1864 is well described in A Woman's War Record, 1861-1865, by Septima M. Collis, pp. 34-36. The II Corps ball is depicted in History of the 106th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, by Joseph R. C. Ward, p. 193, and in The Diary of a Young Officer, by Josiah M. Favill, pp. 277-80, and the corps" battle casualties are listed in Francis Walker's History of the Second Army Corps, p. 397. There are references to the ball and to the entertainment of the women guests, in South After Gettysburg: Letters of Cornelia Hancock from the Army of the Potomac, edited by Henrietta Stratton Jaquette, p. 53, and in The Life and Letters of George Gordon Meade, by Captain George Meade, Vol. II, p. 167.
Meade's Headquarters, 1863-1865: Letters of Col Theodore Lyman from the Wilderness to Appomattox, selected and edited by George R. Agassiz, p. 73.
Under the Old Flag, by James Harrison Wilson, Vol. I, pp. 369-73; Meade's Headquarters, p. 75.
Civil War Echoes: Character Sketches and State Secrets, by Hamilton Gay Howard, p. 214.
Official Records, Vol. XXXIII, pp. 170-72; Kilpatrick and Our Cavalry, by James Moore, p. 143.
Correspondence regarding the Butler fiasco, culminating in a tart interchange between Sedgwick and Halleck during the post-mortem phase, is in the Official Records, Vol. XXXIII, pp. 338, 502, 506-7, 512, 514-15, 519, 530, 532, 552 f. The business is summarized in William Swinton's Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, pp. 398-99.
7 Memoir of Ulric Dahlgren, by Rear Admiral John A. D.
Dahlgren, pp. 1-66, 92-116; The Rebel Raider: a Life of John Hunt Morgan, by Howard Swiggett, p. 208.
Memoir of Ulric Dahlgren, pp. 159-62, 169, 185 204-11.
History of the 17th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, by H. P. Moyer, p. 233; Official Records, Vol. XXXIII, pp. 170, 172-74.
Kilpatrick's report, Official Records, Vol. XXXIII, p. 183; History of the 17th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, p. 234.
History of the 17th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, p. 235.
Personal and Historical Sketches and Facial History of and by Members of the 7th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Cavalry, compiled by William O. Lee, pp. 28, 198; report of Captain Joseph Gloskoski, 29th New York Infantry, a signal officer attached to Kilpatrick's column, Official Records, Vol. XXXIII, p. 189; History of the 17th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, pp. 235-36.
Personal and Historical Sketches . . . 7th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Cavalry, p. 29; Official Records, Vol. XXXIII, pp. 184-85, 192.
History of the 17th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, pp. 242-44; Personal and Historical Sketches . . . 7th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Cavalry, pp. 30-31; Official Records, Vol. XXXIII, p. 193.
The Rebel Raider, p. 208.
Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, p. 400; Memoir of Ulric Dahlgren, p. 214; Official Records, Vol. XXXIII, p. 195.
The best account of this period of the expedition is perhaps that of Captain John F. B. Mitchell, 2nd New York Cavalry, in the Official Records, Vol. XXXIII, pp. 195-96.
Memoir of Ulric Dahlgren, pp. 219-22; report of Lieutenant James Pollard, 9th Virginia Cavalry, Official Records, Vol. XXXIII, p. 208; The Rebellion Record, edited by Frank Moore, Vol. VIII, Part 2, p. 589.
19. There is a thoughtful analysis of the treatment ac-
corded Dahlgren's body and effects in Swiggett's excellent The Rebel Raider, pp. 208-11. The photographic copies of the Dahlgren papers, forwarded by Lee to Meade, are now in the National Archives in Union Battle Reports, Series 729 of the Records of the Adjutant General's Office, Record Group 94. They are faded and are very nearly illegible, but it is fairly easy to see that the signature is misspelled—"Dalhgren" for "Dahlgren"—which would hardly be the case if it were genuine. The affair is discussed indignantly in Memoir of Ulric Dahlgren, pp. 225-35. The Bragg-Seddon-Lee correspondence is in the Official Records, Vol. XXXIII, pp. 217-18, 222-23.
The Rebellion Record, Vol. VIII, Part 2, pp. 572, 574, 581, 591-92; Official Records, Vol. XXXIII, pp. 178, 180.
History of the 17th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, p. 257.
TURKEY AT A SHOOTING MATCH
Army Life in a Black Regiment, by Thomas Wentworth Higginson, p. 310.
Reminiscences and Record of the 6th New York Veteran Volunteer Cavalry, by Alonzo Foster, pp. 102-04.
An interesting account of the adventures of Custer's men, and of the behavior of the contrabands who followed them, appears in Annals of the 6th Pennsylvania Cavalry, by the Rev. S. L. Gracey, pp. 228-29.
History of the 17th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, pp. 245-46.
Ibid., pp. 247, 251-52. The reference to the chalk line in the row of black faces is borrowed from this account.
Journal History of the 29th Ohio Veteran Volunteers, by J. Hamp Se Cheverell, p. 21.
The Road to Richmond, by Major Abner R. Small, p. 193. For an interesting depiction of a typical Army of the Potomac veteran early in 1864, see Three Years in the Army: the Story of the 13th Massachusetts Volunteers, by Charles E. Davis, Jr., p. 262.
An excellent analysis of the way the draft and bounty laws worked occurs in Lincoln and the War Governors, by William B. Hesseltine, pp. 290 ft. This writer points out that the draft actually brought in few new men; its chief effect was to compel the state governors to raise troops. See also the report of James B. Fry, provost marshal general, Official Records, Series III, Vol. V, pp. 599 ff.
History of the 12th Regiment New Hampshire Volunteers, by Captain A. W. Bartlett, pp. 152-53.
Official Records, Series III, Vol. V, p. 831; Three Years in the Army, pp. 131, 264. The report of Thomas A. Mc-Parlin, medical director of the Army of the Potomac (Official Records, Vol. XXXVI, Part 1, pp. 213#.), gives a horrifying account of the defective human material which came to camp in the winter of 1863-64.
Three Years in the Army, p. 270.
History of the 2nd Connecticut Volunteer Heavy Artillery, by Theodore F. Vaill, p. 45.
Three Years in the Army, p. 302. The gambling and fighting are described by Stephen F. Blanding in In the Defenses of Washington; or, the Sunshine in a Soldiers Life, pp. 8-10.
The History of the 39th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Veteran Infantry, by Charles M. Clark, M.D., pp. 240-42.
There is a detailed and rather dreadful account of life on this island camp in Henry Wilsons Regiment: History of the 22nd Massachusetts Infantry, by John L. Parker and Robert G. Carter, pp. 359-60, 362-70.