by Edgar Snow
National Salvation Association, 374–76, 381–82, 392–93
National United Front, 107
Nehru, Jawaharlal, 94
Netherlands, The, 103, 411, 423; see also Dutch East Indies
Neumann, Heinz, 424, 426
New China, 393n
New Conception of Society, A, 271
New Democracy, The, 437
New Hunan, 154
New People’s Miscellany (Hsin-min Ts’ung-pao), 137
New People’s Study Society (Hsin-Min Hsueh-hui), 73, 147–48, 151, 153–55, 157n
New York Sun, 374n
New Youth (Hsin Ch’ing-nien), 73, 148, 154n, 270, 422
Nieh Ho-t’ing, 257n, 425;
BN 493
Nieh Jung-chen, 329, 343, 425;
BN 493
Ninghsia province, 41, 45, 51, 55, 209, 224, 247, 248, 257, 261, 263, 265, 272, 279, 305, 307, 308–10, 313, 315, 321, 328, 331, 343, 414
Ningpo, 253
Ningtu, 166, 178–79
North, Northeast, Northwest China, see under China
North China Daily News, 261n, 350
Northeast Army, see Tungpei Army
Northern Expedition, 74, 79n, 160, 230
Northwest Army, see Hsipei Army
Northwest Branch Soviet Government, 349–50, 382
North-Western Provinces and Their Possibilities of Development, The, 216n
Noulens, Mr. and Mrs. Hilaire, 359
October Revolution, The, 73
Opium, in Chinese army, 48;
Red generals and, 78–79;
in Shensi, 54–55;
Wars, 99n;
general references: 42, 47n, 191, 225, 242–43, 264, 268, 278, 282, 308–9, 334–35
Origin of Species, 144
Outer Mongolia, see under Mongolia
Outline for Budget Compilation, 231
Outline for Cooperative Development, 228n
Oyuwan Soviet Republic, 168, 186, 298, 299–303, 432
Pai Chia P’ing, 66–67, 69, 76
Pai Chung-hsi, General, 75, 76, 112, 191, 373
Pang Yuan-ch’ing, 158
P’ang (a rebel leader), 135–36
Pao An, 13, 71, 77, 89, 91, 93, 97, 115, 116, 119, 150, 157, 209, 210, 212–13, 237, 241, 243, 246, 248, 257, 326, 347, 348–49, 351, 363, 365, 368, 382, 387n
Pao An River, 115
Pao Hui-sheng, 157
Pao Tou Shui, 328
Pao-chia system, 64–65
Paotingfu, 153
Paoting Military Academy, 259
Paotung Kang Mountain, 200
Paris, Chinese students in, 116, 336; see also France.
Paris, University of, 234
Partisan Brigades (Yu Chi Tui), 221
Party Work (Tangti Kungtso), 229n, 281
Paulsen, Friedrich, 422
Peasants, anti-Japanese sentiments of, 286–87;
during famine, 214–16;
influence in soviets, 220, 221–25;
join revolution, 172–74;
organization of, 159–62, 165;
reactions of to changing world, 241–45;
and Red Army, 82–85, 164–65, 187–88, 201–2, 288, 323, 328–30;
relations with KMT, 64–65;
role in CCP-KMT entente, 406;
uprising of, 210–11, 264
Peasant Guards (Nung-min Tui), 221
Peasant Movement Training Institute, 101n, 159
Peking, 40–41, 45–48, 50, 97, 98, 111, 117, 148, 150–57 passim, 159, 215, 251, 364, 407, 414–15
Peking National University, 151, 154, 155n, 157, 422
Peking Palace Museum, 146
Peking Union Hospital, 47
P’eng Chen, 419;
BN 494
P’eng P’ai, 157, 159n, 161, 164, 167n, 168, 425;
BN 494–95
P’eng Teh-huai, Commander, BN 495;
character of, 263–66;
early career of, 267–71;
on Long March, 197, 203, 434;
on partisan warfare, 272–77;
role in Red Army, 169, 175, 177, 212, 257, 259–60, 262, 328–32, 383, 411, 425–26;
general references: 233, 293–94, 320, 321, 327, 369, 436, 449
People’s Anti-Japanese Dramatic Society (Jen-min K’ang-Jih Chu-She), 118, 119, 122
People’s Journal (Min Pao), 146
People’s Strength (Min-li-pao), 139
Personal History, 252
Philippines, the, 103, 108, 444
Pien, Commandant, 67
P’ing Kiang, 165, 264, 271
P’ing Yang, 345
Pingliang, 263
Po I-po, 419;
BN 495
Po Ku (Ch’in Pang-hsien), 251, 349–50, 368, 382, 426, 427, 428–29, 430, 438, 449;
BN 495–96
Po Ku, Mme., see Liu Ch’un-hsien
Poland, 448–49
Politburo, 76, 97, 98, 119, 163, 164n, 165n, 166, 167n, 176, 202, 212, 425
Political Weekly, 159
Poor People’s League (P’in-min Hui), 58, 59, 63, 221, 244, 245
Pravda, 384
Prohm, Rhena, 252
P’u Yi, Emperor, 120, 138, 140, 142;
BN 496–97
Pucheng, 43
P’u-k’uo, 152–53
Red Academy (Moscow), 259, 354, 446
Red Army, aborigines in, 194–95, 260;
anti-Japanese policies of, 83, 213, 242, 266, 282, 285–87, 312–13, 316, 325, 332, 346, 362, 377, 443;
arsenals of, 250–51, 261;
bandits in, 43, 167, 211, 337–38;
cavalry of, 77–78, 319–21;
communications of, 70–71;
early conditions in, 169–70;
East Front Army, 70–71, 382;
education in, 235–37, 280–81, 285, 446;
Eighteenth Group Army, 411–12, 415, 416–17;
Eighth Army Corps, 200;
Eleventh Army, 169;
Fifteenth Army Corps, 212, 294–95, 312, 315, 319, 321, 329, 332;
Fifth Army Corps, 169, 178–79, 200, 264;
First Army Corps, 37, 115, 166, 169, 173, 175, 177, 190, 195–97, 200, 202, 212, 263, 264–66, 281, 285, 310n, 315, 324, 329–30, 332, 343, 365, 378;
First Cavalry Army, 321;
First Front Army, 175, 204, 257–58, 260, 263, 328;
foreign advisers to, 90, 361–64;
founding of, 101n, 164;
Fourth Army Corps, 169–70, 173, 365;
Fourth Front Army, 191, 200, 202, 262, 263, 297–98, 299, 315, 319, 331–32;
Front Committee of, 166–67, 173;
history of, 108–9;
identification with, 129;
joins United Anti-Japanese Army, 382–83;
and League of Military Youth, 74;
Left Route Army, 79;
on Long March, 190–93, 194–99;
men of, 82–85, 114–18, 258–60, 278–83, 295;
Moslems in, 310–11, 312–16;
New Fourth Army, 411, 413–14, 417;
Ninth Army Corps, 200;
Ninth Party Conference of, 170;
140th Regiment, 337;
and partisans, 64–67, 173–74, 187, 201, 272–77, 286, 411–17;
relations of with peasants, 82–85, 242–44, 259–60, 273, 287–89, 323, 328–30;
role of in establishing soviets, 167–71, 174, 176, 221–23, 225–26, 230–31, 279, 338;
rules of, 172–74, 259, 275–76;
Russian influence in, 355;
Second Division, 257n, 265, 270, 281;
Second Front Army, 79, 148, 173, 203, 262, 263, 331–32;
security police of, 52, 53;
Seventy-third Division, 295, 319;
siege of Yenan, 56–57;
Sixteenth Army, 337;
strategy of, 174–75, 177–78, 179–81, 187, 201, 362;
Third Army Corps, 169, 173, 175, 177, 200;
Third Division, 79;
Thirty-second Army, 173;
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and Trotsky, 358–59;
and Tungpei Army, 49;
Twelfth Army, 173;
Twentieth Army, 115, 177;
Twenty-eighth Army, 346;
Twenty-fifth Army, 204, 211–12, 298, 302–3;
Twenty-seventh Army, 204, 212;
Twenty-sixth Army, 204, 212, 288;
under Chiang Kai-shek, 393–94, 412–13, 417;
union with KMT, 102, 110–11, 328;
general references: 35, 36, 38, 40, 51, 65, 69, 76, 105, 142, 157, 158, 185, 219, 247, 272, 278, 367, 388, 396, 400, 402, 405, 411, 413n; see also Chronology, 23–30 passim, and Notes, 420—38 passim.
Red Army University (Hung Chung Ta-hsueh), 93, 96, 114–18, 148, 236, 242, 250, 336, 348–49, 368, 497
Red China (Hung Ssu Chung Hua), 237
Red China Daily News, 246, 281, 446
Red China: President Mao Tse-tung Reports on the Progress of the Chinese Soviet Republic, 9 In, 107n, 247n, 401n, 404n, 446n
Red Cross (American), 55
Red Guards, 189, 225, 346, 422, 433
Red theater, 37, 83, 93, 118, 119–25, 206, 250, 253, 266, 295, 315, 324, 332, 348, 421
Report on an Investigation into the Peasant Movement in Hunan, 160–61
Revolt Against the T’ang (Fan T’ang), 133
Rock, Dr. Joseph F., 80
Romance of Three Kingdoms (San Kuo), 133, 153, 194, 333
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 94
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 95, 138, 144
Roy, M. N., 163–64, 423–24
Rumania, 449
Russia, see Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.)
Sakhalin, 448
San Yuan, 383
Saratsi, 215
Saturday Evening Post, The, 11, 16, 416
Schwartz, Benjamin, 420
Seeckt, General von, 37, 360
Selden, Mark, 434
Shan tribe, 195
Shang Chi-pang, 326
Shanghai, Chu Teh in, 334–35, 336;
counterrevolutionary movement in, 162;
factories of, 252;
French Concession in, 75, 285;
Incident (1932 War) in, 278, 285;
International Settlement of, 38, 47, 75, 107, 159n, 401, 427, 428;
labor movement in, 73–74, 75;
Mao Tse-tung in, 152, 154, 157, 158–59, 160;
Massacre in, 47n, 74–76, 402;
May 30th Incident in, 159n;
newspapers of, 150;
seized by Nationalist Army, 75;
strikes in, 376;
general references: 48, 66, 70, 71, 73, 79, 102, 107, 109, 111, 117, 123, 148, 153, 156, 176, 180, 224, 251, 286, 308, 326, 361, 385, 389n, 413, 414, 417
Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, 159n
Shanghai Power Company, 251, 253
Shangheng, 170
Shansi province, 40–41, 51, 55, 71, 117, 121, 124, 210, 247, 251, 286, 324, 325–26, 331, 343–45, 382, 414, 416
Shantung, 153, 157, 414
Shao Li-tzu, 43, 44–45, 378–79, 380, 419;
BN 497
Shao P’iao-p’ing, 152
Shao Shan, 130, 135
Shaohsing, 71
Share Production Party (Kungch’an-tang), see Communist Party of China
Sheean, Vincent, 252
She-hui Min-chu T’ang (Chinese Social Democrats), 362
Shen Tse-min, 427
Shengchoufu, 285
Shensi province, CCP organized in, 157;
famine in, 100, 216—18;
farms of, 82;
industry in, 247–49;
Moslems in, 307;
opium in, 54–55;
people of, 58, 83–85;
soviets of, 209–13;
general references: 41, 42–43, 50, 51, 56, 66, 78, 89n, 114, 121, 169n, 181, 186, 190, 204, 224, 225, 228–29, 234, 241, 251, 253, 257, 260, 264, 282, 288–89, 294, 298, 306, 325, 348, 375, 378–79, 382–83, 385, 392, 395, 396–97, 414, 446
Shenyang, 72
Shih Ta-k’ai, Prince, 194
Shih Tseng-tung, 157
Shih Yang, 157
Shui Hu Chuan, 67, 333
Shun, Emperor, 138
Siberia, 306
Sian, 13, 43n, 44, 50, 51, 52, 70, 210, 232, 242, 247, 328 368, 369, 374, 375, 377, 380–91, 383–85, 390, 391–93, 395, 399, 412;
Incident in, 102n, 373–79, 380–85, 387, 396, 410, 430, 434n, 437–38
Sianfu (Ch’ang An), 41, 42, 43, 46–47, 50, 51, 54, 56, 211, 306, 324, 368–69, 374–75, 379, 381, 383, 385, 389n
Siam, 103, 108
Sikang province, 180, 263
Sinkiang province, 218, 261, 307, 310, 315, 396
Sino-French Educational Association, 74
Smedley, Agnes, 416n
Smith, Adam, 144
Smith, Arthur H., 355n
Sneevliet, Jahn Henricus, 98, 156, 423
Socialist Youth Corps, 155n, 157n
Social Welfare Society, 148
Society for the Study of Marxist Theory, 156
Society of Philosophy, 151 Soochow, 308
Soochow Christian University, 308
Soong, T. V., 385, 390, 392
Soong Ch’ing-ling (Mme. Sun Yat-sen), 13, 99n, 420;
BN 497
Soong Mei-ling, see Mme. Chiang Kai-shek
Soviets, agree to change name, 393, 398–99;
annihilation drives in, 299–303;
beginning of, 164–65, 167–71;
central government of, 91–92;
Chiang Kai-shek against, 362;
consolidation of, 174, 176, 186;
development of, 161;
economy of, 227–32;
education in, 234–37, 446;
factory conditions in, 250–53;
and the Fu T’ien Incident, 177;
in Hunan, 79;
industry in, 246–49;
Moslem, 315–16, 328–30;
organizations of, 220–25;
peasant character of, 220, 221–25;
population of, 92;
religious toleration in, 345–46;
role in CCP-KMT entente, 406;
Russian influence in, 352–56;
in Shensi, 209–13;
solidarity of, 108;
in South China, 185–86;
territory of, 41;
theaters of, 119–25;
Young Vanguards in, 70;
general references: 37, 66, 67, 116, 358–59, 365, 402, 412
Soviet Union, see Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.)
Spain, 15, 93, 300, 354, 360, 402, 448
Spencer, Herbert, 144
Spengler, Oswald, 355
Spinoza, Baruch, 95
Ssu-ma Kuang, 270
Stalin, Joseph, and Stalinism, 36, 161n, 164, 352, 355, 358–59, 363, 364, 398, 420, 423–24, 426, 427–28, 430, 436
Stampar, Dr. A., 216–18, 224, 309n
State and Revolution, 335
Stilwell, General Joseph W., 260, 435
Stilwell Papers, The, 435
Strong, Anna Louise, 424
Struggle (Tou Tsung), 115, 281, 248n
Stuart, J. Leighton, 420
Students’ Union Paper (Hsueh-sheng Lien-ho Hui Pao), 73
Su Chao-cheng, 425
Su Yu, 189, 425;
BN 497–98
Sui Dynasty, 306
Suiyuan province, 41, 214, 247, 282, 286, 346, 374, 376, 378
Suleiman, Sultan, 306
Sun Hsiao-ch’ing, 148n
Sun Ming-chiu, Captain, 380–81, 437;
BN 498
Sun Yat-sen, Dr., 36n, 72, 78n, 97–99, 139, 142, 153, 158n, 159, 220, 229–30, 269, 271, 335–36, 366, 382, 388, 393–94, 413, 421, 423, 424, 447
Sun Yat-sen, Mme., see Soong Ch’ingling
Sun Yat-sen (Eastern Toilers’) University, 251, 336, 354, 427
Sun Yuan-li, 157
Sung T’ien-tsai, General, 302
Sungpan, see Szechuan
&nbs
p; Swatow, 74, 76, 79, 336
Switzerland, 80, 216
System of Ethics, A, 422
Szechuan Famine Relief Commission, 100
Szechuan province, 42, 71, 83, 140, 162, 180, 186, 191–93, 194–99, 200–3, 205, 228, 260, 263, 288, 306, 307, 333–34, 405
Ta Hsia University, 107
Ta Hsueh (Great Snow) Mountain, 200
Ta Kung Pao, 383
Ta Lung P’ing, 179
TaiChi-t’ao, 159, 419
TaiCh’un-ch’i, 435
Tai Shan, 153
Taiwan (Formosa), 110, 136, 397
T’an Chen-lin, 167n, 173, 189, 425;
BN 498
T’an P’ing-shan, 151, 160, 425
T’an Yen-k’ai, 141, 144, 154
Tang (a teacher), 146
T’ang Dynasty, 89, 152, 306
Tang En-p’o, General, 288, 299, 302
T’ang Hsiang-ming, 144
T’ang Leang-li, 425
T’ang Sheng-chih, 79, 142, 162
Tangku Truce, 120
T’ao Chu, 434;
BN 498
Taoism, 124, 339
Tatsienlu, 146
Tatu River, 193, 194–99, 200, 206
Teng Chung-hsia, 157
Teng En-ming, 157
Teng Fa, 52–53, 78, 426, 427, 449;
BN 498
Teng Fa, Mme., 349
Teng Hsiao-p’ing, 122, 329n;
BN 498–500
Teng P’ing, 169
Teng Tzu-hui, 169, 189;
BN 500
Teng Ying-ch’ao (Mme. Chou En-lai), 73, 148n, 157n, 349, 425;
BN 500–1
T’eng Tai-yuan, 148n
Three Kingdoms, see Romance of
Three Kingdoms Three Principles of the People (San Min Chu I), 98, 271
Tiao Pao Tzu, 329–30
Tibet, 35, 41, 71, 80, 110n, 146, 192, 195, 197, 200, 201, 202–4, 306, 307n, 332, 397, 444
T’ien T’ai Shan, 301
Tien Teh-yuan, 169
Tientsin, 70, 72, 148, 152, 215, 251, 401, 407
Times (London), 389n
Ting Ling, 123;
BN 501
Tingpien, 248, 346
Todd, O. J., 214
Tokyo, 38, 71, 72, 229; see also Japan
Travels in the West (Hsi Yu Chi), 133
Trotsky, Leon, and Trotskyism, 36, 157, 164, 170, 284, 355, 358–59, 424, 427
Tsai Yuan-p’ei, 74, 146, 422
Ts’ai Ch’ang, 73, 148n, 157n, 343;
BN 501
Ts’ai Ho-sen, 73, 148, 157, 158, 164, 422;
BN 501–2 Ts’ai O, 333
Ts’ai Shu-fan, 349–50;
BN 502
Ts’ai T’ing-k’ai, 112, 178, 180, 285, 361
Tsalin (Ch’aling), 167
Tseng Kuo-fan, 194
Tsinghua University, 158
Tsingtao, 376, 401
Tso Ch’uan, Commander, 203, 205, 427;
BN 502
Tso Tsung-t’ang, General, 306
Tsu Yun Chai, 302
Ts’un Pu, 54