making him a full-fledged citizen: Machiavelli et al., Machiavelli and His Friends, 365.
“double tertian fever”: Machiavelli et al., Lettere Familiari, 459.
“Honored Niccolò, I shall begin”: Ibid., 468.
“time is endlessly repeating”: Ibid., 460.
“I have to conclude that this gang here”: Ibid., 468.
“Since a prince is required to play the beast”: Machiavelli, Il Principe, XVIII, 156.
“I vent my feelings against these princes”: Machiavelli et al., Lettere Familiari, 465.
“As to public affairs”: Ibid., 469.
“It would be, as I have said”: Ibid., 477.
“[T]here will be war in Italy, and soon”: Ibid., 479.
“Those dreading war should be shown”: Villari, The Life and Times of Niccolò Machiavelli, II, 500–1.
“Machiavelli has left with the orders”: Machiavelli et al., Machiavelli and His Friends, 553.
“[M]y head is so full of ramparts”: Machiavelli et al., Lettere Familiari, 487–88.
“He came to reorganize the militia”: Machiavelli et al., Machiavelli and His Friends, 376.
“I am glad that Machiavelli gave the orders”: Ibid.
“How great the difference is”: Ibid.
“daily stages”: Ridolfi, The Life of Niccolò Machiavelli, 325.
“[T]he Spaniards could have beaten us”: Ibid., 233.
“made in Rome, but not observed in Lombardy”: Machiavelli et al., Lettere Familiari, 523.
“living in Rome”: Ridolfi, The Life of Niccolò Machiavelli, 233.
“[O]bserving the behavior of France and the Venetians”: Machiavelli et al., Lettere Familiari, 523.
“We began . . . to divide the army at Parma”: Ridolfi, The Life of Niccolò Machiavelli, 240.
“As for the lansquenets”: Machiavelli et al., Lettere Familiari, 526.
“I do not believe there were ever more troubling matters”: Ibid., 525.
“I have taken on my own initiative”: Ridolfi, The Life of Niccolò Machiavelli, 241.
“I love Messer Francesco Guicciardini”: Machiavelli et al., Lettere Familiari, 525.
“whom I remarked to be higher than the rest”: Cellini, Vita, I, 66.
“the dreadful news from Rome”: Ridolfi, The Life of Niccolò Machiavelli, 247.
“Wherever you turn your eyes”: Machiavelli, “On Ambition,” in Chief Works, II, 738.
“he heard him sigh many times”: Ridolfi, The Life of Niccolò Machiavelli, 329.
“[The common people] hated him”: Viroli, Niccolò’s Smile, 257.
“My very dear Francesco”: Machiavelli et al., Lettere Familiari, 530.
“We are the saintly and the blessed”: Viroli, Niccolò’s Smile, 3.
“We are the damned of Hell”: Ibid.
XIV. FINGER OF SATAN
“if one wishes to put this state on a proper footing”: Najemy, A History of Florence, 462.
“to bite and tear him”: Anglo, Machiavelli: The First Century, 165.
“that those who teach the use of herbs”: Ibid., 166.
“Although owing to the envy inherent in man’s nature”: Machiavelli, Discourses, I, 97.
“we are much beholden to Machiavel”: Bacon, Advancement of Learning, II, 222.
“It is a sound maxim”: Machiavelli, Discourses, I, 132.
“I have not adorned this work”: Machiavelli, Il Principe, “Dedication,” 84.
“wholly destitute of religion and a contemner thereof”: Anglo, Machiavelli: The First Century, 169.
“This poison is spread”: Ibid., 17.
“enemy of the human race”: Ibid.
“[M]y intent and purpose”: Ibid., 285.
“the odious maxims”: Skinner et al., Great Political Thinkers, 9.
“All these discoveries and complaints”: Pangle, The Spirit of Modern Republicanism, 32.
“subtle policie, cunning roguerie”: Anglo, Machiavelli: The First Century, 3.
“ruin[ing] anyone who might someday ruin you”: Ibid., 165.
“I count religion but a childish toy”: Marlowe, The Jew of Malta, “Prologue.”
“I’ll slay more gazers than a basilisk”: Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 3, III, ii.
“O great and wonderful happiness of man!”: Pico, On the Dignity of Man, 5, Portable Renaissance Reader, p. 478–79.
“What a piece of work is a man!”: Shakespeare, Hamlet, II, ii.
“the dispositions of men are naturally such”: Rauch, The Political Animal, 28.
“all human affairs are ever in a state of flux”: Machiavelli, Discourses, I, 123.
“Fitted out appropriately”: Machiavelli et al., Machiavelli and His Friends, 264.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ELECTRONIC DATABASES
Online Catasto of 1427. Version 1.3. Edited by David Herlihy, Christiane Klapisch-Zuber, R. Burr Litchfield, and Anthony Molho. [Machine-readable data file based on David Herlihy and Christiane Klapisch-Zuber, Census and Property Survey of Florentine Domains in the Province of Tuscany, 1427–1480.] Florentine Renaissance Resources/STG: Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 2002.
Online Tratte of Office Holders, 1282–1532. Edited by David Herlihy, R. Burr Litchfield, Anthony Molho, and Roberto Barducci.
NICCOLÒ MACHIAVELLI
The Art of War, trans. Ellis Farneworth. Cambridge, 1965.
Chief Works and Others, 3 vols., trans. Felix H. Gilbert. Durham, 1965.
Clizia, in Chief Works, II.
Discorsi sopra la Prima Deca di Tito Livio, Florence, 1886 and 1900.
Discourse on Remodeling the Government of Florence, in Chief Works, I.
The Discourses, trans. Bernard Crick, ed., and Leslie Walker. London, 1970.
First Decennale, in Chief Works, III.
Florentine Histories, trans. Laura F. Banfield and Harvey C. Mansfield, Jr. Princeton, 1988.
Il Principe. Milan, 1950.
La Mandragola, in Chief Works, II.
Legazioni, Commissarie, Scritti di Governo, 4 vols. Rome, 2006.
——— et al. Lettere Familiari di Niccolò Machiavelli, ed., Edoardo Alvise. Florence, 1893.
——— et al. Machiavelli and His Friends: Their Personal Correspondence, trans. and ed. James B. Atkinson and David Sices. Northern Illinois University Press, DeKalb, 1996.
Opere Minori. Florence, 1852.
The Prince, trans. Daniel Donno. New York, 1966.
Tercets on Ambition, in Chief Works, II.
Tercets on Fortune, in Chief Works, II.
Tercets on Ingratitude or Envy, in Chief Works, II.
PRIMARY
Alberti, Leon Battista. The Family in Renaissance Florence, trans. Renée Neu Watkins. Columbia, 1969.
———. I Libri della Famiglia. Florence, 1910.
Alighieri, Dante. The De Monarchia of Dante Alighieri, trans. Aurelia Henry. Houghton Mifflin, Boston, 1904.
———. Inferno, trans. John D. Sinclair. New York, 1939.
———. Paradiso, trans. John D. Sinclair. New York, 1939.
———. Purgatorio, trans. John D. Sinclair. New York, 1939.
Aquinas, Thomas. Selected Political Writings, trans. J. G. Dawson. Oxford, 1948.
Aristotle. Ethics, trans. J. A. K. Thomson. London, 1955.
———. The Politics, trans. T. A. Sinclair. London, 1962.
Saint Augustine. The City of God, trans. Marcus Dodds. New York, 1950.
———. Confessions, trans. J. G. Pilkington. New York, 1943.
Bacon, Francis. Advancement of Learning and Novum Organum. New York, 1899.
Boethius. The Consolation of Philosophy, trans. P. G. Walsh. New York, 2000.
Bracciolini, Poggio. “On Avarice,” trans. Benjamin G. Kohl and Elizabeth B. Welles, in The Earthly Republic: Italian Humanists on Government and Society, ed. Benjamin G. Kohl and Ronald G. Witt. Philadelphia, 1978.
———. “On Nobility,” in Humanism and Liberty: Writings on Freedom f
rom Fifteenth-Century Florence, trans. and ed. Renée Neu Watkins. Columbia, 1978.
———. “The Ruins of Rome,” in The Portable Renaissance Reader, ed. James Bruce Ross and Mary Martin McLaughlin. Middlesex, 1953.
Bruni, Leonardo. History of the Florentine People, trans. James Hankins. Cambridge, 2001.
———. Panegyric to the City of Florence, trans. Benjamin G. Kohl, in The Earthly Republic: Italian Humanists on Government and Society, ed. Benjamin G. Kohl and Ronald G. Witt. Philadelphia, 1978.
Buchard, Johann. At the Court of Borgia: Being an Account of the Reign of Pope Alexander VI, trans. Geoffrey Parker. London, 1963.
———. Pope Alexander and His Court. New York, 1921.
Buonaccorsi, Biagio. Diario 1498 all’ anno 1512 e altri scritti. Rome, 1999.
Cardano, Girolamo. The Book of My Life. New York, 2002.
Castiglione, Baldassare. The Book of the Courtier, trans. George Bull. London, 1967.
Cavalcanti, Giovanni. Istorie Fiorentine, ed. G. Di Pino. Florence, 1838–39.
———. The “Trattato politico-morale” of Giovanni Cavalcanti (1381–1451), ed. Marcella T. Grendler. Geneva, 1973.
Cellini, Benvenuto. Vita. Milan, 1997.
Chronicles of the Tumult of the Ciompi, trans. and ed. Rosemary Kantor and Louis Green. Victoria, 1990.
Cicero, Marcus Tullius. On the Good Life, trans. Michael Grant. London, 1971.
Commines, Philip de. The Memoirs of Philip de Commines, Lord of Argenton, trans. Andrew R. Scoble. London, 1855–56.
Compagni, Dino. Dino Compagni’s Chronicle of Florence, trans. Daniel E. Bornstein. Philadelphia, 1986.
Condivi, Ascanio. The Life of Michelangelo, trans. Alice Sedgwick Wohl, ed. Hellmut Wohl. Baton Rouge, 1976.
Dati, Gregorio, and Buonacorso Pitti. Two Memoirs of Renaissance Florence; the Diaries of Buonacorso Pitti and Gregorio Dati, trans. Julia Martines, ed. Gene Brucker. New York, 1967.
Dei, Benedetto. La cronica dall’anno 1400 all’ anno 1500, ed. Roberto Barducci. Florence, 1985.
Erasmus. “An Age of Gold,” in The Portable Renaissance Reader, ed. James Bruce Ross and Mary Martin McLaughlin. Middlesex, 1953.
———. Education of a Christian Prince. Cambridge, 2006.
———. Praise of Folly, trans. Betty Radice. London, 1971.
Ficino, Marsilio. Commentary on Plato’s Symposium on Love, trans. Sears Jayne. Dallas, 1985.
———. The Letters of Marsilio Ficino, trans. Language Department, School of Economic Science. New York, 1985.
———. “The Soul of Man,” in The Portable Renaissance Reader, ed. James Bruce Ross and Mary Martin McLaughlin. Middlesex, 1953.
Guicciardini, Francesco. Considerations on the Discourses of Machiavelli, in Francesco Guicciardini: Selected Writings, trans. Cecil Grayson. London, 1965.
———. Dialogue on the Government of Florence, trans. Alison Brown. Cambridge, 1994.
———. The History of Florence, trans. Mario Domandi. New York, 1970.
———. The History of Italy, trans. Sidney Alexander. Princeton, 1984.
Hamilton, Alexander, John Jay, and James Madison. The Federalist: A Commentary on the Constitution of the United States. New York, 1888.
Hobbes, Thomas. Leviathan. Oxford, 1960.
Horace. Odes and Epodes. Boston, 1901.
Landino, Cristoforo. Disputationes Camaldulenses, ed. Peter Lohe. Florence, 1980.
Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516 by Luca Landucci, Continued by an Anonymous Writer till 1542 with Notes by Iodoco del Badia, trans. Alice de Rosen Jervis. London, 1927.
Leonardo da Vinci. The Art of Painting, trans. Carlo Pedretti. New York, 1957.
———. Leonardo da Vinci’s Advice to Artists, ed. Emery Kelen. Philadelphia, 1974.
Livy. Early History of Rome, trans. Aubrey de Selincourt. London, 1960.
———. Rome and Italy, trans. Betty Radice. Penguin, London, 1982.
———. The War with Hannibal, trans. Aubrey de Selincourt. Penguin, London, 1965.
Locke, John. Essay Concerning Human Understanding. London, 1879.
———. Two Treatises on Government. New York, 1947.
Machiavelli, Bernardo. Libro di Ricordi. Florence, 1954.
Mill, John Stuart. On Liberty. London, 1921.
Montesquieu, Baron de. The Spirit of the Laws, trans. Thomas Nugent. New York, 1949.
More, Thomas. Utopia. New York, 1992.
Nietzsche, Friedrich. Beyond Good and Evil, trans. Walter Kaufmann. New York, 1966.
Parenti, Marco. Lettere, ed. Maria Marrese. Florence, 1996.
———. Ricordi Storici, 1464–1467, ed. Manuela Doni Garfagnini. Rome, 2001.
Parenti, Piero di Marco. Storia Fiorentina. Florence, 1994.
Platina, Bartolomeo. “The Restoration of Rome,” in The Portable Renaissance Reader, ed. James Bruce Ross and Mary Martin McLaughlin. Middlesex, 1953.
Plato. The Laws, in The Works of Plato, trans. Benjamin Jowett. New York, 1936.
———. The Republic, in The Works of Plato, trans. Benjamin Jowett. New York, 1944.
———. Works of Plato, trans. Benjamin Jowett. New York, 1936.
Polybius. The Histories, trans. Mortimer Chambers. New York, 1967.
Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni. On the Dignity of Man. Indianapolis, 1965.
Rinuccini, Alemanno. “Dialogue on Liberty,” in Humanism and Liberty: Writings on Freedom from Fifteenth-Century Florence, trans. and ed., Renée Neu Watkins. Columbia, 1978.
———. Ricordi Storici di Filippo di Cino Rinuccini dal 1282 al 1460 colla Continuazione di Alamanno e Neri, Suoi Figli Fino al 1506. Florence, 1840.
Sanudo, Marin. Cità Excelentissima: Selections from the Renaissance Diaries of Marin Sanudo, eds. Patricia H. Labalme and Linda L. Carroll, trans. Linda L. Carroll. Baltimore, 2008.
Savonarola, Girolamo. Lettere e scritti apolegetici. Rome, 1984.
———. Liberty and Tyranny in the Government of Men, trans. C. M. Flumiani. Albuquerque 1976.
———. “Treatise on the Constitution and the Government of the City of Florence,” in Humanism and Liberty: Writings on Freedom from Fifteenth-Century Florence, trans. and ed. Renée Neu Watkins. Columbia, 1978.
Vasari, Giorgio. Lives of the Painters, Sculptors, and Architects, 2 vols. trans. Gaston du C. de Vere. New York, 1927.
SECONDARY
Anglo, Sydney. Machiavelli: A Dissection. New York, 1969.
———. Machiavelli: The First Century: Studies in Enthusiasm, Hostility, and Irrelevance. Oxford, 2005.
Ascoli, Albert Russell, and Angela Matilde Capodivacca. “Machiavelli and Poetry,” in The Cambridge Companion to Machiavelli, ed. John M. Najemy. Cambridge, 2010.
Atkinson, Catherine. Debts, Dowries, Donkeys: The Diary of Niccolò Machiavelli’s Father, Messer Bernardo, in Quattrocento Florence. Frankfurt am Main, 2002.
Atkinson, James B. “Niccolò Machiavelli: A Portrait,” in The Cambridge Companion to Machiavelli, ed. John M. Najemy. Cambridge, 2010.
Bailyn, Bernard. The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution. Cambridge, 1967.
Baron, Hans. The Crisis of the Early Italian Renaissance: Civic Humanism and Republican Liberty. Princeton, 1955.
Barthas, Jérémie. “Machiavelli in Political Thought from the Age of Revolutions to the Present,” in The Cambridge Companion to Machiavelli, ed. John M. Najemy. Cambridge, 2010.
Bernard, John. Why Machiavelli Matters: A Guide to Citizenship in a Democracy. Westport, 2009.
Black, Robert. “Machiavelli in the Chancery,” in The Cambridge Companion to Machiavelli, ed. John M. Najemy. Cambridge, 2010.
Blitz, Mark. “Virtue, Modern and Ancient,” in Educating the Prince, eds., Mark Blitz and William Kristol. Lanham, 2000.
Blitz, Mark, and William Kristol, eds. Educating the Prince: Essays in Honor of Harvey Mansfield. Lanham, 2000.
Bluhm, William T. “Immanent Good: Aristotle’s Quest for the Bes
t Regime,” in Essays in the History of Political Thought, ed. Isaac Kramnick. Englewood Cliffs, 1969.
Bonadeo, Alfredo. “The Role of the ‘Grandi’ in the Political World of Machiavelli.” Studies in the Renaissance 16 (1969): 9–30.
Breisach, Ernst. Caterina Sforza: A Renaissance Virago. Chicago, 1967.
Brown, Alison. Bartolomeo Scala, 1430–1497: Chancellor of Florence: The Humanist as Bureaucrat. Princeton, 1979.
———. “Lorenzo and Guicciardini,” in Lorenzo the Magnificent: Culture and Politics, eds. Michael Mallet and Nicholas Mann. London, 1996, 281–96.
———. “Philosophy and Religion in Machiavelli,” in The Cambridge Companion to Machiavelli, ed. John M. Najemy. Cambridge, 2010.
Brown, David Alan. Leonardo da Vinci: Origins of a Genius. New Haven, 1998.
Brucker, Gene. The Civic World of Renaissance Florence. Princeton, 1977.
———. Florence: The Golden Age, 1138–1737. Berkeley, 1998.
———. Renaissance Florence. New York, 1969.
Brucker, Gene, ed. The Society of Renaissance Florence: A Documentary Study. New York, 1971.
Bullard, Melissa. “The Language of Diplomacy in the Renaissance,” in Lorenzo de Medici: New Perspectives, ed. Bernard Toscani. New York, 1992, 263–79.
———. “Lorenzo and Patterns of Diplomatic Discourse in the Late Fifteenth Century,” in Lorenzo the Magnificent: Culture and Politics, eds. Michael Mallet and Nicholas Mann, London, 1996, 263–74.
Burckhardt, Jacob. The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, 2 vols., trans. S. G. C. Middlemore. New York, 1958.
Butterfield, Herbert. The Statecraft of Machiavelli. New York, 1962.
Butters, Humfrey. “Lorenzo and Machiavelli,” in Lorenzo the Magnificent: Culture and Politics, eds. Michael Mallet and Nicholas Mann. London, 1996, 275–80.
———. “Machiavelli and the Medici,” in The Cambridge Companion to Machiavelli, ed. John M. Najemy. Cambridge, 2010.
Cabrini, Anna Maria. “Machiavelli’s Florentine Histories,” in The Cambridge Companion to Machiavelli, ed. John M. Najemy. Cambridge, 2010.
Carrese, Paul. “The Machiavellian Spirit of Montesquieu’s Liberal Republic,” in Machiavelli’s Liberal Republican Legacy, ed. Paul Rahe. Cambridge, 2006.
Machiavelli Page 48