class snobbery toward, 62
Colonial Office leadership of, 60, 70, 80, 120, 129, 131, 134
decline of, 127, 172
Hugh Cecil’s feud with, 89–91, 99
Lloyd George’s opposition to, 64, 65, 66, 75, 92, 96, 100
at 1901 Blenheim rally, 58, 59
political power of, 61, 63, 64, 65, 69, 74–75, 90–91
romantic relationships of, 78, 79
ruthlessness of, 64, 65, 90–91
in tariff policy debate, 68, 69–70, 71, 72, 73–84, 85–86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 172
Chamberlain, Mary Endicott, 79
Chamberlain, Neville, 2, 63–64
Chancellor of the Exchequer, see Treasury
Chequers, 166
Christopher, Prince of Greece, 273
Churchill, Clementine Hozier, 193, 214, 226, 239, 243, 245, 258, 278, 285, 287, 288, 307, 310, 319
aeroplane ride of, 291–92
in Belfast mob attack, 269, 281
Churchill’s engagement to, 182–83, 184–85, 186
Churchill’s infatuation with, 166, 167, 168, 170, 180, 181–82
family background of, 167
F. E. Smith’s dislike by, 210
first pregnancy of, 206, 207
fourth pregnancy of, 294
marriage of, 191, 206–8, 247, 288–290, 291–92, 294, 319, 320, 322
miscarriage of, 269, 279
political views of, 216, 281
second pregnancy of, 246
Violet Asquith’s relationship with, 183–84, 191, 259, 279, 290
wedding of, 187–88
Churchill, Cornelia, 33, 52
Churchill, Diana, 207, 208, 230, 246
Churchill, Fanny, 33
Churchill, Georgiana, 33
Churchill, Jack, 36, 53
Churchill, Jennie, 23, 26, 33–38, 50, 51, 71, 72, 76, 80, 85, 111, 122, 140, 160, 161, 183, 206, 269, 288, 292, 298, 319
beauty of, 34, 36, 105
on Blenheim Palace tours, 58–59
Churchill’s career support from, 33–34, 36, 58, 81, 82, 116, 174, 322
at Churchill’s maiden speech, 2, 32, 33
Consuelo Vanderbilt’s relationship with, 144–45
divorce of, 290–91
Edward VII’s relationship with, 34, 37, 225
extravagance of, 18, 145, 272, 273
George Cornwallis-West’s marriage to, 36–38, 145, 273, 274
at 1901 Blenheim rally, 58, 59
Randolph Churchill’s marriage to, 34, 108, 153, 182
Tudor fair of, 271–74
unconventionality of, 34–35, 36, 38
wit of, 35
Churchill, John, 6
Churchill, Randolph, 122
Chamberlain’s relationship with, 65
Churchill’s biography of, 72, 101, 102, 103, 104, 108–14, 126
death of, 36, 110–11
debts of, 18, 114
Frank Harris’ friendship with, 113
Irish Home Rule position of, 269, 270, 280
Jennie Jerome’s marriage to, 34, 108, 153, 182
notoriety of, 8, 30–31, 108–9, 126, 321–22
parliamentary career of, 2, 30–31, 32, 42, 57, 72, 321–22
Rosebery’s friendship with, 45, 110
work habits of, 112
Churchill, Randolph (son), 246
Churchill, Rosamund, 33
Churchill, Sarah, 6, 319
Churchill, Winston:
Admiralty appointment of, 259–62
ambition of, 3, 5, 49, 63, 93, 98, 104, 119, 148–49, 152, 156, 161, 195, 221, 244, 258, 311
appearance of, 2, 7, 31
aristocratic background of, 7, 11, 18, 22, 56, 57, 99, 165, 215, 217, 304
automobile driving by, 44
Balfour’s relationship with, 49, 60, 67, 70, 75, 76, 87, 88, 93, 115, 116, 196, 242
“Black Dog” of, 299
at Board of Trade, 168, 179, 182, 192–94, 195–97, 208, 221
Bolton Street residence of, 135
Chamberlain’s relationship with, 2, 60, 61–63, 65, 66, 67–69, 71, 72, 76–77, 81, 83, 91, 93, 99, 102–4, 127, 183
at Colonial Office, 120, 121–24, 129–37, 140, 148, 158–59, 160–63, 164
Consuelo Vanderbilt’s relationship with, 9, 32, 33, 38, 43, 145–46
critics of, 2, 5–6, 11, 24, 57, 84, 91, 98, 137, 171, 199, 234, 235, 236, 237, 242–44, 264, 268–70, 283–84, 289, 291, 300, 304, 311, 312, 316, 317, 318
death of, 111
death penalty administration by, 11, 222–25
Eccleston Square residence of, 206
education of, 29
Edward Marsh’s relationship with, 121–24, 125, 127, 128, 129, 161, 163, 178, 181, 241, 269, 294, 322
Edward VII’s relationship with, 11, 115, 137, 183, 225–26, 227
eloquence of, 279
empathy of, 128
engagement of, 9, 182–83, 184–85, 186
extravagance of, 10, 21–22, 101
family troubles of, 144–46
fatherhood of, 11, 206, 207, 208, 246, 319
financial situation of, 17–19, 20–21, 22, 23, 26, 101, 107, 112, 114, 135, 140, 208, 221, 287, 288, 289
firearms expertise of, 240, 241
as First Lord of the Admiralty, 10–11, 262–68, 275, 277–80, 286, 287–88, 289, 290, 291, 292–94, 298–302, 306–8, 309–10, 311–317, 318
flying lessons of, 11, 291–94
friendships of, 11, 18, 41, 45, 63, 102, 121, 183, 208–10, 216, 248, 281
and Gallipoli campaign, 11, 313, 314–19, 320
George V’s relationship with, 11, 244, 251, 317
Henry Asquith’s relationship with, 149, 151, 155–57, 164, 168, 169, 178, 179, 195, 196, 221, 242, 248, 259, 260, 261, 278, 288, 289, 302, 310, 317, 318, 319–20, 321, 322
as Home Secretary, 221–25, 229, 233–37, 239–42, 243, 246, 251–252, 253–54, 255, 258, 260, 261
in house fire, 181
in House of Lords fight, 213, 214, 217, 226, 227, 230, 238, 248, 250
Hugh Cecil’s friendship with, 41–42, 46, 54–55, 80, 88–89, 90, 93, 96, 112, 121, 145, 183, 188
in Irish Home rule conflict, 268–70, 280, 281, 282–83, 284, 303–4
Jennie Churchill’s relationship with, 2, 33–34, 36, 37, 38, 58, 81, 82, 116, 145, 174, 271, 274, 291, 322
leadership style of, 2–3, 5, 6–7, 91
literary representation of, 112–14
Lloyd George’s relationship with, 66, 92–93, 96, 98, 99–101, 169, 173, 188, 193, 194–95, 197, 199, 204–5, 206, 214, 215, 217, 221, 236, 263, 285, 286, 298, 300–302, 303, 317, 318
in Marconi scandal, 285, 286–87
marriage of, 11, 191, 206–8, 247, 288–90, 291–92, 294, 319, 320, 322
massage therapy of, 112
memory of, 6, 28
military service of, 7, 11, 15, 31, 141, 143, 163, 210, 240, 266, 321
Mount Street residence of, 18, 27
in naval expansion debate, 198–99, 200, 298–99, 300–302
naval innovations of, 264–65, 275, 278
at 1901 Blenheim rally, 58, 59–60
North American lecture tour of, 15, 16, 17, 19–26
painting by, 320
parliamentary career of, 2, 3, 10, 18–19, 20, 21, 26, 27–32, 33, 40–41, 42–43, 44, 46–49, 67–69, 70, 74, 76–77, 83–84, 85–86, 87–89, 91–94, 96, 97–99, 101, 115–16, 120, 124–27, 135, 136–37, 149, 170, 171–77, 178, 192–94, 195–97, 198–99, 200, 202, 213–15, 217–18, 220, 221, 239, 243–44, 246, 254, 283–84
personal philosophy of, 5, 6, 12, 307, 322
physical assaults on, 2, 11, 173–74, 269, 283–84
physical resiliency of, 112, 125
political downfall of, 3, 4, 10–11, 315–19, 321, 323
political enemies of, 2, 11, 84, 137, 235, 236, 237, 242–44, 268–70, 291, 300, 304, 316, 317, 318
political expectations for, 8, 27, 29–30, 31, 49, 97, 98, 120, 125–26, 147–48, 1
92, 195, 244
political philosophy of, 66, 83, 91, 92, 177–78, 218, 237, 254, 323
political resurgence of, 323–24
political skill of, 11, 60, 83, 120, 133, 217–18
as prime minister, 1–4, 84, 224
public image of, 7, 8, 11, 17, 22, 23, 24, 27, 29–30, 31, 49, 88, 89, 97, 98, 104, 107, 111–12, 115, 120, 122, 125–26, 138–39, 142–43, 146–48, 151–52, 157, 158, 171, 174, 175, 176, 192, 195, 241–42, 243–44, 289, 291, 304, 311, 318
Randolph Churchill’s influence on, 8, 30–31, 42, 45, 57, 108–10, 111, 114, 126, 321–22
romances of, 8–9, 11, 15–17, 18–19, 20, 23, 26, 38, 51, 52–54, 84–86, 94–96, 101, 102, 104–7, 108, 121, 138–39, 140–41, 146, 153, 157–58, 160, 166–68, 170, 179, 180, 181–82
romantic temperament of, 5, 6, 7–8, 42, 54, 82, 100, 107, 109, 134, 153, 323
sand modeling by, 245, 258
self-esteem of, 5, 51, 57, 151, 152
sleep habits of, 29, 124
social reform efforts of, 8, 11, 92, 128, 164–65, 192–94, 195–97, 201, 202, 204, 213, 218, 222, 236
social status of, 50
in South Africa policy fight, 136–137, 158
speech impediment of, 31
speechmaking by, 2, 27–31, 47–48, 81–82, 136–37, 173, 176, 214, 215, 218
suffragette attacks on, 172–74, 175–76, 230, 242
Sunny Spencer-Churchill’s relationship with, 18, 27, 216, 280
in tariff policy debate, 68–69, 71–72, 73–84, 85–86, 87–88, 92, 202
temper of, 123
travels of, 27, 70–71, 72, 101, 102, 140–44, 160–63, 278–80, 288
Violet Asquith’s relationship with, 149, 150–53, 155, 156, 157, 165, 169, 178–80, 183–87, 188–91, 195, 209, 215, 248, 253, 254, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 278, 279, 288, 289, 290, 317, 322
war experiences of, 7, 16, 17, 24–25, 26, 31, 34, 48, 138, 143, 146, 158, 163, 224, 240, 252, 260, 263, 266, 309, 310, 311, 314, 320
warmongering reputation of, 199, 268, 307
wedding of, 187–88
wit of, 10, 21, 133
in World War I, 11, 306–8, 309–10, 311–21
writing of, 7, 10, 16, 17, 26, 28–29, 56, 72, 101, 102, 103, 104, 108–114, 126, 132–33, 162–63, 208, 218, 257, 324
Claridge’s, 247
Cliveden, 56
Cobden, Richard, 125
Cockran, W. Bourke, 101, 102
Colonial Office:
Chamberlain’s leadership of, 60, 70, 80, 120, 129, 131, 134
Churchill’s appointment to, 120
Churchill’s career at, 121–24, 129–137, 140, 148, 158–59, 160–63, 164
Churchill’s satiric criticisms of, 133
Elgin’s leadership of, 120, 131, 132, 133–34, 148, 160, 161, 178
South Africa policy of, 135–37, 158–59
Conservative Party:
Balfour’s leadership of, 70, 75–76, 87, 88, 89, 90, 93, 98–99, 104, 115, 116, 281
Boer War support by, 30, 67, 135, 157–58
Bonar Law’s leadership of, 281
Churchill’s criticism of, 46, 49, 67, 68, 76, 83–84, 87–88, 93, 99, 115–16, 125, 172, 226
Churchill’s membership in, 18, 40–41, 42–43, 44, 46, 49, 56, 58, 60, 67, 68, 76–77, 83–84, 91
Churchill’s rejoining of, 324
Churchill’s split with, 88–89, 93–94, 96, 98, 99, 103, 137, 164, 216, 242
colonial policy of, 129
discontent in, 66–67, 99
in House of Lords crisis, 203, 214–215, 226, 238, 247, 248, 249, 250
Hugh Cecil’s loyalty to, 89, 93, 99
leadership change in, 70
leadership of, 40–41, 44, 46
Lloyd George’s attacks on, 203, 210, 211–12, 219
Lloyd George’s opposition to, 67, 75, 82, 87, 88, 92–93, 96, 98, 99, 100
Lloyd George’s reputation in, 100, 216
in Marconi scandal, 285, 286, 287
in naval expansion debate, 203
1900 election victory of, 18
1901 Blenheim rally for, 56, 57–60
1906 election losses of, 126, 127
in 1908 Manchester by-election, 172, 174
1910 election gains of, 203, 220, 239
protectionism position of, 75, 79, 83, 87, 88
social reform support by, 196
South Africa policy opposition by, 136, 137
Sunny Spencer-Churchill’s support of, 58
Unionist alliance with, 58, 59, 60, 63, 220, 280, 283
working classes’ relations with, 93
in World War I, 316, 317, 318
Cornwallis, 280
Cornwallis-West, George, 36–38, 145, 188, 273, 274, 290, 291
Country Life, 259
Craigie, Pearl, 144
Crewe, Lord, 188
Crippen, Hawley Harvey, 223
Crooks, Will, 249
Cuba, Churchill’s military adventures in, 7
Cullinan diamond, 158–59
Curragh, 304
Curzon, Lady, 50–51
Curzon, Lord, 40, 50, 51, 316
Cynthia (Davies), 94, 95
Daily Chronicle, 53, 169, 297
Daily Express, 31, 95, 297
Daily Mail, 157, 185, 281
Daily Mirror, 83, 116, 142, 188, 192, 258, 268
Daily News, 112, 192
Daily Telegraph, 31
Daniel, D. R., 100
Dardanelles, 313
see also Gallipoli
David, Jacques-Louis, 45
Davies, Hubert Henry, 94
Davis, Richard Harding, 17, 138–39, 146–47
death penalty, 11, 222–25
Deauville, France, 140
de Forest, Baron, 140
Democratic National Convention, Churchill’s invitation to, 101
Derby, Lord, 110
Desborough, Lady, see Grenfell, Ettie
Desborough, Lord, see Grenfell, Willie
Devonshire, Duchess of, 243
Disraeli, Benjamin, 2, 6, 12
dockworkers, strikes by, 251, 252
Douglas, James, 192
Doyle, Arthur Conan, 50
Dracula (Stoker), 190
Drake, Francis, 271, 272
Drake: A Pageant-Play (Parker), 272
Dreadnought, HMS, 197
Dundee, Scotland, 190, 197
Churchill’s parliamentary representation of, 175–77, 178, 220, 239
Edinburgh Castle (London), 210, 211
Edinburgh Review, 198
Edwardian era:
competitive nature of, 10
courtship in, 32–33
decadence of, 247, 248, 272
domestic unrest in, 233–37, 239–42, 251–54, 281, 282, 296, 302–5
emigration in, 233
police in, 234, 239–40, 241, 251
political violence in, 66, 173–74, 219, 230, 281, 282, 302–3
sexual taboos in, 110
social issues of, 57, 128, 164, 222–223, 233, 296
social reform in, 8, 11, 43, 78, 99, 164–65, 192–94, 195–97, 201–3, 204, 213, 218, 236, 262–63
Edward VII, King of England, 27, 70, 71, 106, 276
accession of, 26
Balfour’s resignation to, 116
Campbell-Bannerman’s resignation to, 168
Churchill’s relationship with, 11, 115, 137, 183, 225–26, 227
Cullinan diamond gift to, 158, 159
death of, 225, 227, 228
Jennie Churchill’s relationship with, 34, 37, 225
Wilhelm’s relationship to, 141
Edward VIII, King of England, abdication of, 2
Eggishorn, 140
Egypt, 70–71, 72, 161
elections, British:
of 1900, 18, 61
of 1906, 101, 104, 115, 116, 124–27
of 1908, 170, 171–73, 174–77, 178
of 1910, 203, 217, 218, 219–20, 221, 238–39
11 Downing S
treet, 195
Elgin, Earl of, 120, 131, 132, 133–34, 143, 148, 160, 161, 178
Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries, The (David), 45
Empire Theatre, 9, 146–47
Enchantress, HMS, 278, 279, 287, 288
Erroll, Earl of, 184
Esher, Lord, 62, 149, 195
Europe, early 20th-century political situation in, 57, 141
European war:
Churchill’s thoughts on, 48, 198–199, 255, 256, 257–58, 260, 263, 298, 299–300, 301
Fisher’s vision of, 277, 295
Lloyd George’s position on, 255–256, 296–97, 300, 302, 308
rising concern about, 201, 255–58, 296
“Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar, The” (Poe), 115
Featherstone colliery, 237
First Star of Africa, 159
Fisher, “Jacky,” 274–78, 279, 295, 301, 312–13, 314, 315, 316, 318
Foreign Office, 119, 254, 256
Fortnightly Review, 212, 304
Foster, Roy, 110
Fourth Party, 42
France:
Britain’s defense plans for, 257–58, 299, 300, 301
Churchill’s World War I service in, 11, 321
German aggression toward, 254, 255, 256, 258, 299, 301
Russian alliance with, 306
in World War I, 257, 258, 306, 310, 312, 315
Franckenstein, George, 303
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria-Hungary, 295–96, 305
Frohman, Charles, 94
From the Abyss (Masterman), 165
Gallipoli:
Churchill’s planning of, 313, 314–15
Churchill’s scapegoating for, 11, 315–19, 320
failure of, 315
Gardiner, A. G., 112, 192, 274
George V, King of England, 237–38
accession of, 228
Archduke Franz Ferdinand’s visit with, 295
Churchill’s relationship with, 11, 244, 251, 317
coronation of, 243
in House of Lords crisis, 237, 238, 247, 248, 250
in World War I, 312–13, 317
Germany:
Churchill’s 1906 visit to, 11, 141–43
Churchill’s comments about, 266–68
Churchill’s reputation in, 11, 267, 268, 270, 318
diplomatic crises with, 256–57, 258
Irish troubles’ significance for, 303, 304
Lloyd George’s position on, 256, 296–98, 302
military aggression by, 254–55, 256, 258, 267, 296, 299, 301, 308
military strength of, 141, 142, 143, 197–99, 200, 201, 203, 255, 263, 276, 296, 297, 301
“naval holiday” offer to, 263–64, 301
in World War I, 306, 307, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314
Gibraltar, 279
Gilbert and Sullivan, 46
Young Titan Page 45