Violins of Hope
Page 24
“Hatikvah,” 56, 81, 87, 210, 232, 281
Haydn, Joseph, 20, 63, 64, 160–62
Hechalutz, 75–76
Heide, Harald, 160–62, 164–66
Heifetz, Jascha, 3, 10
Helios, 80–82
Helset, Olaf, 190
Herset, Kjellaug, 179–80
Himmler, Heinrich, 117
Hird, 153, 169
Hitler, Adolf, 18, 63, 65, 107, 133, 143, 153, 171, 247, 279
Hitler Youth, 160
Hlinka Guard, 77–79
Holocaust History Museum, 281
Höss, Rudolf, 118
Hubay, Jenő, 43
Huberman, Bronisław, 11, 15, 29–49, 51, 52, 57
Iaşi, 197–99, 203
Israel, 56, 231, 232, 279
Winingers in, 232–33
Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, 29, 56, 209
Järvsö, 190
Jawor, Tadeusz, 116
Jewish Agency for Palestine, 45–46, 48
Jewish Culture League, 22–29, 32, 38, 39, 45, 108, 109
Jewish Historical Institute, 279
Jewish National Fund, 50
Joachim, Joseph, 30
Johan de Witt, 94–95
Johannesen, Jim, 169
Juilliard School, 5
Juliek (violinist), 144–45
Kaddish, 249–50, 262
“Kaddish” (Ravel), 210
Karajan, Herbert von, 66
Karol (informant), 265–66, 269–72
Kirkenes, 190
Kirkenes March, 190
Kishinev, 240
Klemperer, Otto, 26–27
Klezmer, 10, 291
“Kol Nidrei,” 224
Kopka, Franz, 123–28
Kopyciński, Adam, 119
Korets massacre, 249–50, 278, 279
Krasnovka, 238–40, 242, 243, 245–46, 255, 256
Kreisler, Fritz, 20
Kristallnacht, 27–28, 57, 70, 108, 156–57
Krongold, Chaim, 288–89
Krongold, Edna, 290
Krongold, Nadir, 289–90
Krongold, Shimon, 5, 12–13, 283, 288–91
Kursk, 265
Laks, Szymon, 120–21, 125–32, 135, 138, 147
LaSalle Quartet, 147
Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, 18–19
Léhar, Franz, 273
Lengsfeld, Josef, 29
Levi, Primo, 145–46
Levin, Robert, 186–87, 189, 190, 193
Lewin, Heinz, 137
Liese, Teodor, 291–92
Löbel, Harry, 208–10
Loeb, Dora, 40
Lubin, 257–59
Lunde, Gulbrand, 167, 169–70, 173
Lunger, Alfred, 42
Lwów, 285
Mahler, Alma, 138
Mahler, Gustav, 20, 137–39
Malmö, 183
Malmö Symphony Orchestra, 183
Manchester Guardian, 31
Mandel, Maria, 137
Mania (radio operator), 263–64
Mauritius, 11, 91, 95–104
Medinat Israel, 232
Melamed, Avraham (Harry Löbel), 208–10
Melk, 80–82
Mendelssohn, Felix, 10, 20, 36, 55, 121
Mengele, Josef, 123, 130, 139, 141, 142, 176
Menuhin, Yehudi, 10
Meyer, Henry, 24, 107–10, 121–23, 125–26, 134, 146–47
Meyerbeer, Giacomo, 20
Milos, 82, 83, 87–90
Mintz, Shlomo, 5, 10, 148, 194
Mogilev, 214
Mogilev-Podolski, 208–10
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, 242–43
Møre, 168
Møystad, Oliver, 169
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 20, 32, 118, 129
“My Yiddishe Momme,” 221–22
Narvik, 152, 168
National Union Party, 152, 154, 161, 184
National Youth, 160–66
Nazi Germany:
borders sealed in, 107
Final Solution enacted in, 26, 72
Jewish Culture League in, 22–29, 32, 38, 39, 45, 108, 109
Kristallnacht in, 27–28, 57, 70, 108, 156–57
Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil service in, 18–19
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact and, 242–43
musical instruments and manuscripts seized in, 286–88
Nuremberg Laws in, 25, 181, 197, 246
Reich Association of Jewish Culture Leagues in, 25–26
Reich Chamber of Culture in, 19, 154
Reich Chamber of Music in, 19–20, 36, 162
removal of Jews from employment in, 18–19
Nazi Soldiers Club, 12, 269–75, 280
Neumann, Hans, 79
New Music Association, 193
New York Times, 34
Nierychło, Franciszek, 116, 119
Nieuw Zeeland, 94–95
Norway:
Glaser’s escape from, 176–82
Glaser’s return to, 191
Nazi occupation of, 152–54, 165, 167–70, 175
resistance movement in, 171–72, 176–78, 186
Norwegian Academy of Music, 193
Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation, 154
Norwegian National Revival, 158
Norwegian National Theatre, 158
Nuremberg Laws, 25, 181, 197, 246
Obukhov, 213
Olyka, 248
Öreryd, 187–89
Ornati, Giuseppe, 8
Oslo, 152, 154, 158, 165, 167–69, 172, 174, 175, 179, 181, 191, 193
Oslo Philharmonic Orchestra, 11, 149, 151, 155–57, 159, 167, 189, 191–93
chamber orchestra of, 192
Oświęcim, 110
Ovruch, 265–66, 269–72, 274
Pacific, 82, 83, 87–90
Paderewski, Ignacy Jan, 268
Palestine, 3–4, 11, 26, 31, 33–34, 73–77, 82–84, 86–94, 102, 103, 209, 232
Balfour Declaration and, 44–45, 50
conflict between Arabs and Jews in, 45, 47, 74, 88
White Papers and, 45, 74
Palestine Orchestra, 11, 15, 33–58, 73, 107, 155
first concert of, 47, 54–56
immigration visas for members of, 44–49
musicians’ arrival at, 49–52
Patria, 87, 89–91
Patrónka, 77–80
Peer Gynt, 185
Pentcho, 81
Perlman, Itzhak, 10
Philosophy Club, 189
Placht Brothers violins, 226–27
of Wininger, 226–27, 230, 233–34
Poland, 242
Polischuk, Basia, 39
Ponary, 6, 7
Popov (explosives expert), 271, 272
Poulsson, Magnus, 172
Poulsson, Berit, 177
Puccini, Giacomo, 99
Quakers, 11, 72–73
Quisling, Vidkun, 152–53, 161, 165, 167–70, 181, 184
Ravel, Maurice, 210
Reich Association of Jewish Culture Leagues, 25–26
Reich Chamber of Culture, 19, 154
Reich Chamber of Music, 19–20, 36, 162
Reidarson, Per, 154
Riefling, Robert, 172
Robinson, Judge, 216–17, 221, 223
Romance for Violin, 189
Romania, 197–99, 231–32
Romsdal, 168
Rosé, Alma, 137–39
Rosé, Arnold, 137
Rosenstock, Joseph, 26–27
Rossini, Gioachino, 55
Rostal, Max, 155
Rovno, 248
Sachnowitz, Herman, 174–76
Sachsenhausen, 27, 136
Sagberg, Lars, 179–80
St. Louis, 74–75
Salomon, Horst, 39
Sarasate, Pablo de, 187
Scazinetz, 210, 213
Schiefer, Heinrich, 38–39
Schlein, Batyale, 238, 240, 241, 243, 244, 248, 251, 252, 275, 279
Schlein, Burtzik, 238, 239, 243, 244, 2
46–48, 250–52, 256, 275, 279
Schlein, Chana, 238–40, 243–44, 246, 251, 252, 275, 279
Schlein, Mordechai “Motele,” 12, 237–48, 250–81
death of, 278–79
farmer and, 254–56
in forest, 237–39, 253–54, 257
Soldiers Club and, 12, 269–75, 280
in Uncle Misha’s Jewish Group, 12, 235, 239, 250, 257–80
violin of, 237, 241–42, 253, 254, 266–69, 271–74, 279–81, 290
Schnéevoigt, Georg, 174, 183–84
Schoenberg, Arnold, 20
Schönbrunn, 81–82
Schubert, Franz, 55, 132
Schumann, Heinz “Coco,” v, 142–43
Schuschnigg, Kurt, 63
Schuyer, Ary, 40
Schwalbé, Michel, 4–5, 283
Schwarz, Rudolf, 27, 41
Schwarzhuber, Johann, 120, 126, 130–36
Sgarabotto, Pietro, 8
Shargorod, 214, 228
Shargorod Ghetto, 214–16, 220–22, 228
Shargorod Jewish Police, 222–23
Shavuot, 249
Sibelius, Jean, 191
Sinding, Christian, 157
Singer, Kurt, 22, 25, 41
Slobodárni, 77–78, 80
Soldiers Club, 12, 269–75, 280
Solomon (teacher), 240–42
“Solveig’s Song,” 185
Sommerfeld, Kurt, 21–22, 39, 41
Sommerfelt, Søren Christian, 174
Sonderkommando, 127, 134–35
Sørensen, Henrik, 173
Sousa, John Philip, 117
Soviet Union, 161, 199, 228–29, 231
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact and, 242–43
Poland invaded by, 242
Spanish Dances, 187
Steen, Randi Heide, 187
Steinberg, Hans Wilhelm, 27, 32, 38–41, 52
Steltzer, Theodor, 170–71
Stern, Isaac, 10
Stettin, 175
Storfer, Berthold, 76, 77, 79–80, 86
Stormoen, Hans, 164
Stradivari, Antonio, 217
Strauss, Richard, 36
Strongin, David, 281
Stroumsa, Jacques, 111–15, 120, 129, 147
Surowicz, Jacob, 42
Svendsen, Johan, 189
Sweden, 152, 169–71
Glaser’s escape to, 176–90
Swedish Aid for Norway, 186, 189
Swedish Music Society, 183
Sydspissen, 168
Sylou-Creutz, Edvard, 154
Tartini, Giuseppe, 122
Taube, Michael, 26, 32
Tchaikovsky, Pyotr Ilyich, 161
Tel Aviv, 5, 31–32, 34, 50, 51, 232–33
Theresienstadt, 140, 142
Toeplitz, Erich, 24, 26, 40, 49–50
Torgersen, Christine, 192–93
Torgersen, Torleif, 193
Toscanini, Arturo, 15, 35–38, 43, 51–55
Transnistria, 12, 199–209, 214, 215, 219, 228, 233, 286, 292
Treblinka, 6
Tromsø, 168
Trøndelag, 168
Trondheim, 165, 168
Two Hebrew Melodies, 210
Uncle Misha’s Jewish Group, 12, 235, 239, 250, 257–80
Red Army and, 275
Union of Norwegian Artists and Journalists, 154
Uranus, 80–82
Van Weren, Lex, 118
Vatelot, Étienne, 8
Vatra Dornei, 218
Verbena, 89
Vilna, 6–7
violins, 10, 20, 58, 286
Amati, see Amati violins
of Bull, 151, 159–61, 163, 166, 172, 191, 193–94, 217, 292
of Glaser, 178, 183
Guarneri, 159, 217, 288; see also Guarneri, Bartolomeo Giuseppe
in Holocaust, 10–13, 285–92
Jewish symbols on, 291
Placht Brothers, see Placht Brothers violins
of Schlein, 237, 241–42, 253, 254, 266–69, 271–74, 279–81, 290
unidentified, 290–92
Wagner, 57–58, 280
of Weininger, 67, 69, 87, 93–94, 99, 103, 104
of Wininger (Amati), 217, 219–23, 226, 227, 286, 292
of Wininger (Placht Brothers), 226–27, 230, 233–34
Violins of Hope, 59, 281
Bull’s violin and, 193–94
Schlein’s violin and, 280–81
Weininger’s violin and, 67, 69, 87, 93–94, 99, 103, 104
“Volga Song,” 273
Volhyn, 245
Volhynia, 235, 237–39
Nazi occupation of, 245–53
Vollan, 168
Wagner, Benedict, 57
Wagner, Richard, 18, 20, 38, 57
Wagner Violin, 57–58, 280
Walter, Bruno, 26
Weber, Carl Maria von, 55
Weinberger, Jaromír, 161
Weingartner, Felix, 43
Weininger, Erich, 11, 63, 65, 67, 69–70, 72–76, 79, 82, 87, 90, 93–94, 99, 103–4, 107, 108, 232
in Beau Bassin Boys, 61, 99
death of, 104
marriage of, 101
violin of, 67, 69, 87, 93–94, 99, 103, 104
Weininger, Karl, 73
Weininger, Otto, 73
Weininger, Ruth Rosenthal, 101
Weininger, Tova, 104
Weininger, Ze’ev, 101, 104
Weinstein, Amnon, 1, 3, 5, 7–10, 58–59, 285–86, 290–92
Krongold’s violin and, 290, 291
Schlein’s violin and, 279–81, 290
Weininger’s violin and, 104
Wininger’s violin and, 233–34
Zimmerman and, 8, 290, 291
Weinstein, Assi, 8–9
Weinstein, Avshalom, 8, 9
Weinstein, Esther, 3, 5
Weinstein, Golda (Zahava), 3–4, 5–7
Weinstein, Moshe, 1, 3–8, 57–58, 290
Weinstein, Yaakov, 4
Weintraub, Leon, 132, 136
Weizmann, Chaim, 48
Wieniawski, Henryk, 241
Wiesel, Elie, 144
Wininger, Feivel, 12, 195, 200–202, 204–8, 210–34
Amati violin of, 217, 219–23, 226, 227, 286, 292
cello of, 224–25
in Israel, 232–33
Placht Brothers violin of, 226–27, 230, 233–34
Wininger, Helen, 195, 201, 202, 204, 205, 207, 208, 212, 214, 223, 229, 232–34
Wininger, Tzici, 201, 202, 204, 205, 207, 208, 212, 214, 215, 223, 227, 229, 232, 233
World War I, 17–18, 21
World War II:
end of, 102
Nazis’ seizure of musical items during, 286–87
neutrality in, 171
World Zionist Organization, 48
Yad Vashem, 148, 171, 281
Holocaust History Museum, 281
Yellin, Thelma, 56
Zaborski, Jan, 121, 123
“Zapateado,” 187–88
Zeiss Ikon factory, 109
Zelmanowicz, Rachela, 139
Zhytomyr, 235, 265, 266, 269
Zimmerman, Heinrich, 40
Zimmerman, Yaakov, 4–5, 8, 283, 290, 291
Zionism, 3–4, 26, 31, 45, 48, 75, 231–32
Zipper, Herbert, 65–69, 72, 116
Zukerman, Pinchas, 5, 10
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
JAMES A. GRYMES is an internationally respected musicologist and a critically acclaimed author. He holds a bachelor’s degree in music education from Virginia Commonwealth University, master’s degrees in historical musicology and music performance, and a PhD in historical musicology from Florida State University. His three previous books are about the Hungarian musician Ernst von Donhányi, a forgotten hero of the Holocaust resistance who was later falsely accused of Nazi war crimes. Dr. Grymes is a professor of musicology at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
www.jamesagrymes.com
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VIOLINS OF HOPE. Copyright © 2014 by James A. Grymes. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the nonexclusive, nontransferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on-screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, downloaded, decompiled, reverse-engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of HarperCollins e-books.
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