by Mark Twain
7 November 1906: LE, 159–63.
8 November 1906: NAR 21, 689–91, partial.
19 November 1906: NAR 19, 243–45, partial.
20 November 1906: previously unpublished.
21 November 1906: previously unpublished.
22 November 1906: previously unpublished.
23 November 1906: previously unpublished.
24 November 1906: MTE, 372–80; AMT, 279–83.
30 November 1906: NAR 19, 245–47, partial; MTE, 110–18, partial; AMT, 58–63.
1 December 1906: NAR 9, 5–9; MTE, 118–25; AMT, 50–54.
2 December 1906: NAR 9, 9–14; MTE, 125–31; AMT, 54–58.
3 December 1906: MTE, 131–36.
5 December 1906: MTE, 211–13, partial; AMT, 271–72.
6 December 1906: NAR 14, 561–65.
13 December 1906: NAR 9, 1–5; MTE, 61–66.
17 December 1906: NAR 14, 565–67, partial.
18 December 1906: previously unpublished.
19 December 1906: previously unpublished.
20 December 1906: NAR 22, 17–21.
21 December 1906; NAR 18, 113–8, 119–22, partial; NAR 19, 241–43, partial.
26 December 1906: AMT, 63–67.
27 December 1906: previously unpublished.
28 December 1906: Harnsberger 1948, 48–50, partial.
29 December 1906: previously unpublished.
6 January 1907: NAR 21, 695–98.
9 January 1907: previously unpublished.
15 January 1907: MTE, 66–70, partial; SLC 2007, 95–101, partial.
17 January 1907: previously unpublished.
22 January 1907: NAR 15, 677–82.
23 January 1907: NAR 20, 471–74, partial; NAR 24, 331–36, partial; AMT, 130–38.
28 January 1907: MTE, 70–77, partial; SLC 2010b, partial.
29 January 1907: previously unpublished.
30 January 1907: MTE, 81–83, 91–96.
1 February 1907: previously unpublished.
4 February 1907: MTE, 268–92, partial; AMT, 127–29, 294–309.
11 February 1907: NAR 14 (misdated 10 February), 567–68, partial; MTB, 2:940–43, partial.
12 February 1907: NAR 14, 568–70.
19 February 1907: Aaron Watson 1907, 131–35.
25 February 1907: previously unpublished.
26 February 1907: previously unpublished.
27 February 1907: SLC 1905d, 391, partial.
28 February 1907: previously unpublished.
“Chapters from My Autobiography” in the North American Review, 1906–1907
The texts listed below in italic type were published in full or nearly so—that is, with no more than a paragraph or occasional sentence omitted.
Installment Published Contents
NAR 1 7 Sept 1906 AD, 26 Mar 1906 (Introduction); My Autobiography [Random Extracts from It] (first part)
NAR 2 21 Sept 1906 AD, 21 May 1906; Scraps from My Autobiography. From Chapter IX (first part); [Robert Louis Stevenson and Thomas Bailey Aldrich]; AD, 3 Apr 1906
NAR 3 5 Oct 1906 ADs, 1 Feb 1906, 2 Feb 1906, 5 Feb 1906
NAR 4 19 Oct 1906 ADs, 7 Feb 1906, 8 Feb 1906
NAR 5 2 Nov 1906 ADs, 9 Feb 1906, 12 Feb 1906
NAR 6 16 Nov 1906 ADs, 26 Feb 1906, 7 Mar 1906, 22 Mar 1906
NAR 7 7 Dec 1906 ADs, 5 Mar 1906, 6 Mar 1906, 23 Mar 1906
NAR 8 21 Dec 1906 AD, 19 Jan 1906
NAR 9 4 Jan 1907 ADs, 13 Dec 1906, 1 Dec 1906, 2 Dec 1906
NAR 10 18 Jan 1907 ADs, 28 Mar 1906, 29 Mar 1906
NAR 11 1 Feb 1907 ADs, 29 Mar 1906 (misdated 28 Mar in the NAR), 2 Apr 1906
NAR 12 15 Feb 1907 [John Hay]; ADs, 5 Apr 1906, 6 Apr 1906
NAR 13 1 Mar 1907 My Autobiography [Random Extracts from It] (second part)
NAR 14 15 Mar 1907 ADs, 6 Dec 1906, 17 Dec 1906, 11 Feb 1907 (misdated 10 Feb in the NAR), 12 Feb 1907, 17 Jan 1906
NAR 15 5 Apr 1907 ADs, 8 Oct 1906, 22 Jan 1907
NAR 16 19 Apr 1907 ADs, 12 Jan 1906, 13 Jan 1906, 15 Jan 1906
NAR 17 3 May 1907 AD, 15 Oct 1906; Scraps from My Autobiography. From Chapter IX (second part)
NAR 18 17 May 1907 ADs, 21 Dec 1906, 28 Mar 1907
NAR 19 7 June 1907 ADs, 21 Dec 1906 (with note dated 22 Dec), 19 Nov 1906, 30 Nov 1906, 5 Sept 1906
NAR 20 5 July 1907 Notes on “Innocents Abroad”; AD, 23 Jan 1907
NAR 21 2 Aug 1907 ADs, 8 Nov 1906, 8 Mar 1906, 6 Jan 1907
NAR 22 Sept 1907 ADs, 10 Oct 1906, 19 Jan 1906 (dated 12 Mar 1906 in the NAR, with note dated 13 May 1907), 20 Dec 1906
NAR 23 Oct 1907 ADs, 9 Mar 1906, 16 Mar 1906, 26 July 1907, 30 July 1907
NAR 24 Nov 1907 ADs, 9 Oct 1906, 16 Oct 1906, 11 Oct 1906, 12 Oct 1906, 23 Jan 1907
NAR 25 Dec 1907 ADs, 11 Jan 1906, 3 Oct 1907
NOTE ON THE TEXT
The present volume consists of 104 autobiographical dictations, arranged chronologically by the date of their creation, continuing the series begun in Volume 1. It starts with the dictation of 2 April 1906 (Volume 1 ended with that of 30 March 1906), and it concludes with a dictation made on 28 February 1907, two years before the author ceased to add dictations to his text. The history of Mark Twain’s work on his autobiography, from the preliminary manuscripts and dictations he produced between 1870 and 1905 through the dictation series that began in early 1906, is given in the Introduction to Volume 1 (pp. 1–58). The editorial rationale for choosing between variants and for correcting errors is given in the Note on the Text to Volume 1 (pp. 669–79). Both are also available in the electronic edition published at Mark Twain Project Online (MTPO).
In this volume the source documents begin to present a textual situation not found earlier in the Autobiography: the existence of ribbon and carbon copies of a single typescript. It is not known for certain when Josephine Hobby began to make carbon copies, but it was probably in late May or early June 1906. Her original practice of retyping Mark Twain’s revised copy, generating the successive typescripts TS1, TS2, and TS3, did not entirely disappear until August 1906. After that, there is only a single typed text for any given dictation, although often either the ribbon or the carbon copy is now missing.
Mark Twain’s revision of these documents poses a minor problem. Beginning with the Autobiographical Dictation of 31 July, a pattern emerged in which he revised one copy (usually the ribbon) and transferred his changes to the other (usually the carbon), which he then further revised, often with contemporary (selective) publication in mind. Sometimes he had his revisions transferred by his secretary, Isabel Lyon. The transfer process was, as a rule, carried out accurately. But occasionally Clemens or Lyon neglected to transfer all of the originally inscribed changes. In all but a handful of cases, these variants between ribbon and carbon copy were inadvertent, and it is therefore necessary to accept all of them, regardless of where they were inscribed. In a few cases, however, Clemens seems to have deliberately altered a revision in the process of transferring it, in which case the version judged to be the later of the two has been adopted.
For some dictations Hobby, having made a typescript with a carbon copy, later made erasures and typed corrections of her own. In cases where, through omission or inattention, she created discrepancies, we follow her corrected (or first-corrected) version.
As with Volume 1, each dictation is supplied with a Textual Commentary, available only at MTPO, which spells out in detail how the editors have chosen between variants, and how and where they have corrected the text. Commentaries also identify and explain any necessary departures from the general policy.
WORD DIVISION IN THIS VOLUME
The following compound words that could be rendered either solid or with a hyphen are hyphenated at the end of a line in this volume. For purposes of quotation each is listed here with its correct form.
6.1–2 sage-brush
47.2–3 waste-basket
52.12–13 stockholders
56.7–8 bricklayers
100.24�
��25 hard-worked
150.11–12 good-natured
162.3–4 book-making
164.38–39 long-winded
165.30–31 clothes-basket
178.35–36 heart-broken
191.3–4 earthquake
196.1–2 unbusinesslike
198.28–29 headquarters
227.25–26 to-morrow
244.42–245.1 newspapers
275.27–28 railroad
296.26–27 camp-meetings
342.13–14 near-sightedness
353.32–33 handwriting
360.9–10 school-books
432.34–35 semi-notorieties
443.37–38 frostbitten
446.30–31 type-copied
448.21–22 saleswoman
REFERENCES
This list defines the abbreviations used in this volume and provides full bibliographic information for works cited by an author’s name and a date, a short title, or an abbreviation. Works by members of the Clemens family may be found under the writer’s initials: SLC, OSC (Susy), CC (Clara), and JC (Jean).
AD. Autobiographical Dictation.
Ade, George. 1939. One Afternoon with Mark Twain. Chicago: Mark Twain Society of Chicago.
Alfonso Carlos, Prince of Bourbon and Austria-Este. 1902. “The Effort to Abolish the Duel.” North American Review 175 (August): 194–200.
American Bible Society. 1872. Fifty-sixth Annual Report of the American Bible Society, Presented May 9, 1872. New York: American Bible Society.
AMT. 1959. The Autobiography of Mark Twain. Edited by Charles Neider. New York: Harper and Brothers.
Anderson, Frederick, and Kenneth M. Sanderson, eds. 1971. Mark Twain: The Critical Heritage. New York: Barnes and Noble.
Andrews, Kenneth R. 1950. Nook Farm: Mark Twain’s Hartford Circle. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Antrobus, Augustine M. 1915. History of Des Moines County Iowa and Its People. 2 vols. Chicago: S. J. Clarke Publishing Company.
APC (American Publishing Company). 1866–79. “Books received from the Binderies, Dec 1st 1866 to Dec 31. 1879,” the company’s stock ledger, NN-BGC.
Archives Hub. 2011. “Frederic Whyte Papers.” http://archiveshub.ac.uk/data/gb186fw. Accessed 8 December 2011.
Arms, George, and William M. Gibson. 1943. “‘Silas Lapham,’ ‘Daisy Miller,’ and the Jews.” New England Quarterly 16 (March): 118–22.
Asher, Robert. 2011. “Connecticut Inventors.” http://www.ctheritage.org/encyclopedia/topicalsurveys/inventors.htm. Accessed 11 January 2011.
Ashley, Mike. 2006. The Age of the Storytellers: British Popular Fiction Magazines, 1880–1950. London: British Library.
Atkinson, George W. 1876. History of Kanawha County. Charleston, W.Va.: Printed at the office of the West Virginia Journal.
AutoMT1. 2010. Autobiography of Mark Twain, Volume 1. Edited by Harriet Elinor Smith, Benjamin Griffin, Victor Fischer, Michael B. Frank, Sharon K. Goetz, and Leslie Diane Myrick. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Also online at MTPO.
AutoMT1-RE. 2012. Autobiography of Mark Twain, Volume 1. Reader’s Edition. Edited by Harriet Elinor Smith, Benjamin Griffin, Victor Fischer, Michael B. Frank, Sharon K. Goetz, and Leslie Diane Myrick. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Baetzhold, Howard G. 1972. “Found: Mark Twain’s ‘Lost Sweetheart.’” American Literature 44 (November): 414–29.
Baetzhold, Howard G., and Joseph B. McCullough, eds. 1995. The Bible According to Mark Twain: Writings on Heaven, Eden, and the Flood. Athens: University of Georgia Press.
Baker, Simon. 1996. “Jesse Olney’s Innovative Geography Text of 1828 for Common Schools.” Journal of Geography 95 (January–February): 32–38.
BAL. 1955–91. Bibliography of American Literature. Compiled by Jacob Blanck. 9 vols. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Banks, Charles Eugene, and Opie Read. 1906. The History of the San Francisco Disaster and Mount Vesuvius Horror. N.p.
Barnes, Tim. 2009. “C. E. S. Wood (1852–1944).” The Oregon Encyclopedia. http://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/entry/view/c_e_s_wood. Accessed 25 January 2011.
Bartlett, John. 1980. Familiar Quotations: A Collection of Passages, Phrases and Proverbs Traced to Their Sources in Ancient and Modern Literature. 15th ed., rev. and enl. Edited by Emily Morison Beck. Boston: Little, Brown and Co.
Baxter, James Phinney. 1904. Agamenticus, Bristol, Gorgeana, York. York, Me.: Old York Historical and Improvement Society.
Baylen, Joseph O. 1964. “Mark Twain, W. T. Stead and ‘The Tell-Tale Hands.’” American Quarterly 16 (Winter): 606–12.
Beck, Hamilton. 2005. “Mark Twain on the Crimean War.” The Victorian Web. http://www.victorianweb.org/history/crimea/beck/1.html. Accessed 19 October 2011.
Beecher Stowe Center. 2011. “Stowe’s Family.” http://www.harrietbeecherstowecenter.org/hbs/stowe_family.shtml. Accessed 16 December 2011.
Benedict, Frank Lee. 1870. Miss Van Kortland. A Novel. By the Author of “My Daughter Elinor.” New York: Harper and Brothers.
Bentley, G. E., Jr. 1997. “The Holy Pirates: Legal Enforcement in England of the Patent in the Authorized Version of the Bible ca. 1800.” Studies in Bibliography 50:372–89.
Bishop, D. M., and Co., comp. 1877. Bishop’s Oakland Directory for 1877–8. San Francisco: B. C. Vandall.
Bishop, Morris. 1962. A History of Cornell. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
Bok, Edward W. 1922. The Americanization of Edward Bok. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
Booth, Bradford A. 1954. “Mark Twain’s Comments on Bret Harte’s Stories.” American Literature 25 (January): 492–95.
Boyd, Andrew, and W. Harry Boyd, comps. 1872. Boyds’ Elmira and Corning Directory: Containing the Names of the Citizens, a Compendium of the Government, and Public and Private Institutions … 1872–3. Elmira, N.Y.: Andrew and W. Harry Boyd.
Brady, Tara. 2012. “Campaigners’ Dismay as Listed Mansion Falls to the Bulldozers.” Brent and Kilburn (England) Times, 19 January, 14.
Braid, James. 2008. The Discovery of Hypnosis: The Complete Writings of James Braid, “The Father of Hypnotherapy.” Edited by Donald Robertson. Studley, England: National Council for Hypnotherapy.
Briggs, Charles Augustus. 1906. “Criticism and Dogma.” North American Review 182 (June): 861–74.
Brown, T. Allston. 2005. “Early History of Negro Minstrelsy.” http://www.circushistory.org/Cork/BurntCork3.htm. Accessed 12 July 2011.
Browne, Charles Farrar [Artemus Ward, pseud.]. 1865. Artemus Ward; His Travels. New York: G. W. Carleton and Co.
Browne, Ray B. 1961. “Mark Twain and Captain Wakeman.” American Literature 33 (November): 320–29.
Budd, Louis J., ed.
1992a. Mark Twain: Collected Tales, Sketches, Speeches, & Essays, 1852–1890. The Library of America. New York: Literary Classics of the United States.
1992b. Mark Twain: Collected Tales, Sketches, Speeches, & Essays, 1891–1910. The Library of America. New York: Literary Classics of the United States.
Budge, E. A. Wallis. 1925. The Rise and Progress of Assyriology. London: Martin Hopkinson and Co.
Caldwell, O. H., and F. M. Feiker. 1919. “Gossip of the Trade.” Electrical Merchandising 22 (August): 109–16.
Campbell, Ballard C.
2008a. American Disasters: 201 Calamities That Shook the Nation. Edited by Ballard C. Campbell. New York: Checkmark Books.
2008b. “1893: Financial Panic and Depression.” In Campbell 2008a, 168–71.
Carlyle, Thomas. 1864. Collected Works. Volume 13, Latter-Day Pamphlets. London: Chapman and Hall.
Carnegie Endowment. 1919. A Manual of the Public Benefactions of Andrew Carnegie. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
CC (Clara Langdon Clemens, later Gabrilowitsch and Samossoud).
1931. My Father, Mark Twain. New York: Harper and Brothers.
1938. My Husband, Gabrilowitsch. New York: H
arper and Brothers.
1956. Awake to a Perfect Day: My Experience with Christian Science. New York: Citadel Press.
Chapple, Joe Mitchell. 1910. “Affairs at Washington.” National Magazine 32 (June–July): 285–310.
Chatham Census. 1880. Population Schedules of the Tenth Census of the United States, 1880. Roll T9. New Jersey: Morris County, Chatham Township. Photocopy in CU-MARK.
Chautauqua County. 1904. The Centennial History of Chautauqua County. 2 vols. Jamestown, N.Y.: Chautauqua History Company.
Chemung Census. 1870. Population Schedules of the Ninth Census of the United States, 1870. Roll M593. New York: Chemung County, Elmira. Photocopy in CU-MARK.
Cherny, Robert W. 2008. “1906: San Francisco Earthquake and Fire.” In Campbell 2008a, 198–200.
CHi. California Historical Society, San Francisco.
Cleveland Directory. 1871. Cleveland Directory, 1871–72. Comprising an Alphabetical List of All Business Firms and Private Citizens; A Classified Business Directory; and a Directory of the Public Institutions of the City. Compiled by A. Bailey. Cleveland: W. S. Robison and Co.
CLU-SC. University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Special Collections, Los Angeles, Calif.
CofC. 1969. Clemens of the “Call”: Mark Twain in San Francisco. Edited by Edgar M. Branch. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Colby, Frank Moore, ed. 1920. The New International Year Book: A Compendium of the World’s Progress for the Year 1919. New York: Dodd, Mead and Co.
Conard, Howard L., ed. 1901. Encyclopedia of the History of Missouri. 6 vols. New York: Southern History Company.
Conlin, Joseph R. 1986. Bacon, Beans, and Galantines. Reno: University of Nevada Press.
Connecticut Historical Society. 2012. “A Guide to the Gilman Family Papers at the Connecticut Historical Society.” http://www.chs.org/finding_aides/finding_aids/gilmf1787.html. Accessed 10 April 2012.
Cooper Union. 2011. “The Cooper Union.” http://cooper.edu/about-us. Accessed 10 May 2011.
Corcoran Gallery. 2012. “A Love of Europe.” http://www.corcoran.org/past_exhibitions/past/a_love_of_europe_highlights-from-the-william-a.-clark-collection. Accessed 10 July 2012.