the construction of two new roads lined with new housing: See ibid. for a full discussion of this little known project.
“embellishment to the city”: Ibid., 44. Giovanni Cambi.
“Lorenzo de’ Medici [is] paying the lion’s share”: F. W. Kent, Lorenzo de’ Medici and the Art of Magnificence, 98.
For this convent models were made: Vasari, “Giuliano and Antonio da San Gallo,” Lives of the Artists, 700.
Fled is the time of year: Lorenzo, “Ambra,” I, i, in Selected Poems and Prose.
“I do not approve of turrets and crenellations”: Alberti, On the Art of Building in Ten Books, IX, 4.
remained nervous about the lack of adequate means of defense: F. W. Kent, Lorenzo de’ Medici and the Art of Magnificence, 125.
“I have learned that when [the saplings] are tender and young”: Ibid., 117.
“I don’t dare contradict him”: Ibid., 131.
CHAPTER XX: THE CARDINAL AND THE PREACHER
“This is an age of gold”: Schevill, History of Florence, 416.
many reproached Lorenzo for his apparent callousness: See Ross, Lives, 296.
“If you should hear Lorenzo blamed”: Ross Williamson, 205.
Too often I am obliged to trouble and worry: Ross, Lives, 296–97. Lorenzo to Innocent VIII, July 31, 1488.
“My Contessina”: Maguire, 177.
“I should be glad if you could mention the matter”: Ross Williamson, 206.
“The Knight Without Fear”: Maguire, 186.
“She does not seem particularly good or bad”: Ibid., 187.
“The brains of these Orsini citizens”: Ibid., 186.
“To me it seems the King is arrogant and vile”: Bullard, Lorenzo il Magnifico, 67.
“[T]his ecclesiastical state”: Ibid., 136.
“Lorenzo will know that there was never a pope”: Ibid., 160.
“We have been for twelve or perhaps thirteen years”: Ibid., 140.
“The Pope seems rather a man in need of advice”: Ross, Lives, 259. Guidantonio Vespucci to Lorenzo.
“our affairs here”: Bullard, Lorenzo il Magnifico, 145.
“The Magnificent Lorenzo arrived here”: Ross, Lives, 280–81.
“The bad health of Madonna Maddalena”: Ibid., 328–29.
“It is urgent that his Holiness”: Ibid., 322.
To join the Medici girl to his son Franceschetti: Rendina, 429.
“He is so strictly bred”: Van Passen, 87.
“the Pope sleeps with the eyes of the Magnificent Lorenzo”: Hook, 170.
“that the Florentine ambassador”: Ibid., 170.
“We had heard that the Pope had made six cardinals”: Landucci, 47.
“the greatest honor that has ever befallen our house”: Ross, Lives, 303. Lorenzo to Piero Alamanni, March 14, 1489.
“was a ladder enabling [Lorenzo’s] house to rise to heaven”: Machiavelli, Florentine Histories VIII, 36.
“that [the nomination] was a thing of such public notoriety”: Ross, Lives, 303. Lorenzo to Piero Alamanni, March 14, 1489.
“charismatic center”: See Trexler, Public Life in Renaissance Florence, especially Chapters 13 and 14.
“Blest in your genius”: Ross Williamson, 224.
the fabled treasury of some Oriental potentate: See Trexler, Public Life in Renaissance Florence, 446.
Lorenzo was the greatest Florentine in history: See F. W. Kent, Lorenzo de’ Medici and the Art of Magnificence, 149. This according to Piero Parenti.
“to whomever wanted it”: Trexler, Public Life in Renaissance Florence, 449.
“almost against my will”: Lorenzo, Commento, IV.
“I am a little amazed that you have diminished this festa”: Trexler, Public Life in Renaissance Florence, 409.
“[I]n these peaceful times”: Machiavelli, Florentine Histories, VIII, 36.
“feast of the devil”: Trexler, Public Life in Renaissance Florence, 414.
he lent his own personal tableware: See ibid., 413.
Lorenzo de’ Medici having conceived the idea: Ibid., 451.
“We’re going forth to pleasure all”: Lorenzo, “Song of the Cicadas,” in Selected Poems and Prose, 160–61.
“Why do we not follow Jesus”: Van Passen, 52.
“false proud whore”: Roeder, 10.
“If there is no change soon”: Van Passen, 89.
“The poor…are oppressed by taxes”: Roeder, Man of the Renaissance, 24.
“No one can persuade you that usury is sinful”: Ibid., 23.
“But already famines and floods”: Roeder, 5.
“The chief reason I have entered the priesthood”: Savonarola, Lettere e Scritti Apologetici, I. Savonarola to his father, April 25, 1475.
“You have kindled a love for Thee”: Lorenzo, “Laudi,” Opere Scelte, 404.
“at present one sees such a lack of virtue”: Ross, Lives, 333. Lorenzo to Giovanni, March 1492.
“Here is a stranger come into my house”: Hook, 181.
“I know a city”: Van Passen, 95.
“There goes a brave man”: Ibid., 96.
“I have met Fra Mariano repeatedly”: Ross Williamson, 237–39.
“He preaches from Cicero and the poets”: Van Passen, 69.
household items valued at 20,000 florins: See Landucci, 52.
You are much beholden to our Lord God: Ross, Lives, 332–5. Lorenzo to Giovanni, March 1492.
With endless tribulations I have reigned: Lorenzo, The Martyrdom of Saints John and Paul, in Opere Scelte, 101.
“attacking not only the arteries and veins”: Hibbert, The House of the Medici, 173.
“The illustrious Lorenzo suffers so acutely”: Ross Williamson, 262.
“follow that course which appears to be most honorable”: Hook, 186.
“Pico came and sat by the bed”: Ross, Lives, 338.
Thus going to Careggi: Ibid., 340.
Towards midnight while he was quietly meditating: Ibid., 337.
To [Savonarola’s] exhortations to remain firm in his faith: Ibid., 338–39.
“Alas! I shall die”: Landucci, 52. Landucci adds, “This may not have been so, but it was commonly reported.”
“To the last he had such mastery over himself”: Ross, Lives, 339.
“This man, in the eyes of the world”: Landucci, 54.
Whereas the foremost man of all this city: Ross Williamson, 269.
Who from perennial streams shall bring: Ross Williamson, 111–12.
EPILOGUE: THE SPIRIT IN THE RING
“It was said when this darkness descended upon Florence”: Trexler, Public Life in Renaissance Florence, 458.
“The peace of Italy”: Frieda, 16.
“That man’s life has been long enough”: Ross Williamson, 270.
“O most Christian King”: Schevill, History of Florence, from the Founding of the City Through the Renaissance, 444.
“My lords of the Eight”: Trexler, Public Life in Renaissance Florence, 470.
“Here come the boys of Fra Girolamo!”: Landucci, 121.
“We must…conclude”: Savonarola, Liberty and Tyranny in the Government of Men, 47.
On the night when Piero Soderini died: Schevill, Medieval and Renaissance Florence, 470.
“As God has seen fit to give us the Papacy”: Ross Williamson, 178.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ABBREVIATIONS
AB—Art Bulletin
AH—Art History
ASI—Archivio Storico Italiano
HR—History Review
IS—Italian Studies
JWCI—Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes
MAP—Mediceo Avanti il Principato, Archivio di Stato di Firenze
MKIF—Mitteilungen des Kunsthistorischen Institutes in Florenz
NYT—New York Times
RQ—Renaissance Quarterly
ARCHIVES AND DATABASES
Florence, Archivio di Stato di Firenze, Archivi Digitalizzati, Mediceo Avanti il Principato.
Online Catasto of 1427. Version 1.3. Edited by David Herlihy, Christiane Klapisch-Zuber, R. Burr Litchfield, and Anthony Molho. Machine-readable data file based on D. Herlihy and C. Klapisch-Zuber, Census and Property Survey of Florentine Domains in the Province of Tuscany, 1427–1480. Florentine Renaissance Resources/STG: Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 2002. www.stg.brown.edu/projects/catasto/main.php.
Online Tratte of Office Holders, 1282–1532. Edited by David Herlihy, R. Burr Litchfield, Anthony Molho, and Roberto Barducci.
PRIMARY SOURCES
Alberti, Leon Battista, The Family in Renaissance Florence. Trans. René Neu Watkins. Columbia, 1969.
———. On Painting and On Sculpture. The Latin Texts of De Pictura and De Statua. Ed. and trans. Cecil Grayson. London, 1972.
———. On the Art of Building in Ten Books. Trans. Joseph Rykwert. Cambridge, 1988.
Albertinus, Prior of S. Martino, to Marchioness Barbara of Mantua. An eyewitness account of the Pazzi conspiracy, in Ludwig Freiherr von Pastor, History of the Popes. Appendix 58, 514–15. St. Louis, 1898.
Alighieri, Dante. The Divine Comedy. 3 vols. Trans. John D. Sinclair. New York, 1939.
Beccadelli, Antonio, called Panormita. The Hermaphrodite. Trans. Michael de Cossart. Liverpool, 1984.
Bisticci, Vespesiano da. Renaissance Princes, Popes, and Prelates: The Vespesiano Memoirs, Lives of Illustrious Men of the XVth Century. Trans. William George and Emily Waters. New York, 1963.
Boccaccio, Giovanni. Decameron. Trans. John Payne. Berkeley, 1982.
———. “The Return of the Muses.” In The Portable Renaissance Reader, James Bruce Ross, ed. Middlesex, 1953.
Bracciolini, Poggio. “On Avarice.” In The Earthly Republic: Italian Humanists on Government and Society, trans. Benjamin G. Kohl and Elizabeth B. Welles. Philadelphia, 1978.
———. “On Nobility.” In Humanism and Liberty: Writings on Freedom from Fifteenth-Century Florence, trans. Renée Neu Watkins. Columbia, 1978.
———. “The Ruins of Rome.” In The Portable Renaissance Reader, James Bruce Ross, ed. Middlesex, 1953.
Bruni, Leonardo. History of the Florentine People. Trans. James Hankins. Cambridge, 2001.
———. Panegyric to the City of Florence. In The Earthly Republic: Italian Humanists on Government and Society, trans. Benjamin G. Kohl. Philadelphia, 1978.
Castiglione, Baldassare. The Book of the Courtier. Trans. George Bull. London, 1967.
Cavalcanti, Giovanni. Istorie Fiorentine. Ed. G. Di Pino. Florence, 1838–39.
———. The “Trattato politico-morale” of Giovanni Cavalcanti (1381–1451). Ed. Marcella T. Grendler. Geneva, 1973.
Chambers, D. S., ed. and trans. Patrons and Artists in the Italian Renaissance. Columbia, 1971.
Chronicles of the Tumult of the Ciompi. Trans. and ed. Rosemary Kantor and Louis Green. Victoria, 1990.
Commines, Philip de. The Memoirs of Philip de Commines, Lord of Argenton. Trans. Andrew R. Scoble. London, 1855–56.
Compagni, Dino. Dino Compagni’s Chronicle of Florence. Trans. Daniel E. Bornstein, Philadelphia, 1986.
Condivi, Ascanio. The Life of Michelangelo. Trans. Alice Sedgwick Wohl. Ed. Hellmut Wohl. Baton Rouge, 1976.
Confessione di Francesco Neroni. Reproduced in Nicolai Rubinestein, “La Confessione di Francesco Neroni e la Congiura Antimedicea del 1466,” in Archivio Storico Italiano 126, 1968.
Confessione di Giovanbattista da Montesecco, Appendix xv. In William Roscoe, The Life of Lorenzo de’ Medici, Called the Magnificent, 10th ed. London, 1898.
Consulte della Repubblica Fiorentina, November–December 1465. Reproduced in Guuido Pampaloni, “Fermenti di riforme democratiche nella Firenze medicea del Quattrocento,” in Archivio Storico Italiano 119 (1961): 242–80.
Dati, Gregorio, and Buonacorso Pitti. Two Memoirs of Renaissance Florence; the Diaries of Buonacorso Pitti and Gregorio Dati. Trans. Julia Martines. Ed. Gene Brucker. New York, 1967.
Dei, Benedetto. La Cronica dall’Anno 1400 all’ anno 1500. Ed. Roberto Barducci. Florence, 1985.
Federico da Montefeltro. “Federico da Montefeltro a Agostino Staccoli e Pietro Felici, Urbino,” February 14, 1478. In Marcello Simonetta, “Federico da Montefeltro contro Firenze. Retroscena Inediti della Congiura dei Pazzi,” in Archivio Storico Italiano 596, a. CLXI, 2003 II.
Ficino, Marsilio. Commentary on Plato’s Symposium on Love. Trans. Sears Jayne. Dallas, 1985.
———. The Letters of Marsilio Ficino. Trans. members of the Language Department of the School of Economic Science. New York, 1985.
———. “The Soul of Man.” In The Portable Renaissance Reader, James Bruce Ross ed. Middlesex, 1953.
Filarete (Antonio Averlino). Treatise on Architecture. 2 vols. Trans. John R. Spencer. New Haven and London, 1965.
Guicciardini, Francesco. Dialogue on the Government of Florence. Trans. Alison Brown. Cambridge, 1994.
———. The History of Florence. Trans. Mario Domandi. New York, 1970.
———. The History of Italy. Trans. Sidney Alexander. Princeton, 1984.
Guicciardini, Piero. “On the Scrutiny of 1484.” In Nicolai Rubinstein, The Government of Florence Under the Medici, 2nd ed. Appendix XI. Oxford, 1997.
Landino, Cristoforo. Disputationes Camaldulenses. Ed. Peter Lohe. Florence, 1980.
Landucci, Luca. A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516 by Luca Landucci, Continued by an Anonymous Writer till 1542 with Notes by Iodoco del Badia. Trans. Alice de Rosen Jervis. London, 1927.
Machiavelli, Niccolò. The Art of War. Trans. Ellis Farneworth. New York, 1990.
———. Florentine Histories. Trans. Laura F. Banfield and Harvey C. Mansfield, Jr. Princeton, 1988.
———. The Letters of Machiavelli: A Selection. Trans. Allan Gilbert. Chicago, 1988.
———. The Prince. Trans. George Bull. New York, 1981.
Medici, Lorenzo de’. Commento de Miei Sonetti. In James Wyatt Cook, The Autobiography of Lorenzo de’ Medici The Magnificent. Tempe, 2000.
———. Giacoppo. Trans. Murtha Baca. In An Italian Renaissance Sextet, Lauro Martines ed. New York, 1994.
———. Lettere. 7 vols. Ed. Nicolai Rubinstein. Florence, 1977–2004.
———. Lorenzo de’ Medici: Selected Poems and Prose. Trans. Jon Thiem and others. ed. Jon Thiem. University Park, 1991.
———. Opere Scelte. Novara, 1969.
———. Selected Writings, edited, with an English Translation of the Rappresentazione di San Giovanni e Paolo. Ed. Corinna Salvadori. Dublin, 1992.
Parenti, Marco. Lettere. Ed. Maria Marrese. Florence, 1996.
———. Ricordi Storici, 1464–1467. Ed. Manuela Doni Garfagnini. Rome, 2001.
Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni. “On the Dignity of Man.” Trans. Charles Glenn Wallis. Indianapolis, 1965.
Pius II. Memoirs of a Renaissance Pope, the Commentaries of Pius II, an Abridgement. Trans. Florence A. Gragg. New York, 1962.
Platina, Bartolomeo. “The Restoration of Rome.” In The Portable Renaissance Reader, James Bruce Ross, ed. Middlesex, 1953.
Poliziano, Angelo. Letters. Trans. Shane Butler. Cambridge 2006.
———. “The Pazzi Conspiracy.” In Humanism and Liberty: Writings on Freedom from Fifteenth-Century Florence, trans. Renée Neu Watkins. Columbia, 1978.
———. Stanze per la Giostra di Giuliano de’ Medici. In The Stanze of Angelo Poliziano. Trans. David Quint, Amherst, 1979.
Pulci, Luigi. La Giostra di Lorenzo de’ Medici. In Morgante e Opere Minori. Ed., Aulo Greco. Torino, 1997.
———. Lettere di Luigi Pulci a Lorenzo e ad Altri. Lucca, 1886.
“Report of the Milanese Ambassadors in Florence Regarding the Conspiracy of the Pazzi.” In Ludwig Pastor, The History of the Popes from the Close of the Middle Ages, Appendix, no. 57. St. Louis, 1898.
Rinuccini, Alemanno. “Dialogue on Liberty.” In Humanism and Liberty: Writings on Freedom from Fifteenth-Century Florence, trans. Renée Neu Watkins. Colum
bia, 1978.
———. Ricordi Storici di Filippo di Cino Rinuccini dal 1282 al 1460 colla Continuazione di Alamanno e Neri, Suoi Figli Fino al 1506. Florence, 1840.
Ross, Janet, trans. Lives of the Early Medici, as Told in Their Correspondence. Boston, 1911.
Savonarola, Girolamo. Lettere e Scritti Apolegetici. Ed. Angelo Belardetti. Rome, 1984.
———. Liberty and Tyranny in the Government of Men. Trans. C. M. Flumiani. Albuqerque, 1976.
———. Treatise on the Constitution and the Government of the City of Florence. In Humanism and Liberty: Writings on Freedom from Fifteenth-Century Florence. Trans. Renée Neu Watkins. Columbia, 1978.
Strozzi, Alessandra (Macinghi). Selected Letters of Alessandra Strozzi. Trans. Heather Gregory. Berkeley, 1997.
———. Tempo di Affetti e di Mercanti: Lettere ai Figli Esuli. Milan, 1987.
Strozzi, Filippo. “Account of the Pazzi Conspiracy.” Reproduced in Janet Ross, Florentine Palaces and Their Stories. London. 1905, 372–74.
Tornabuoni, Lucrezia (de’ Medici). Sacred Narratives. Ed. and trans. Jane Tylus. Chicago, 2001.
Valori, Niccolò. Vita di Lorenzo il Magnifico. Palermo, 1992.
Vasari, Giorgio. Lives of the Painters, Sculptors, and Architects. 2 vols. Trans. Gaston du C. de Vere. New York, 1927.
Villani, Giovanni. Nuova Cronica. 3 vols. Ed. Giovanni Porta. Parma, 1991.
SECONDARY SOURCES
Acidini Luchinat, Cristina. Benozzo Gozzoli. New York, 1994.
Acidini Luchinat, Cristina, et al. The Medici, Michelangelo, and the Art of Late Renaissance Florence. New Haven, 2002.
Acidini Luchinat, Cristina, ed. The Chapel of the Magi: Benozzo Gozzoli’s Frescoes in the Palazzo Medici-Riccardi Florence. Trans. Eleanor Daunt. London, 1994.
———. Renaissance Florence: The Age of Lorenzo de’ Medici, 1449–1492. Milan, 1993.
———. Treasures of Florence: The Medici Collection, 1400–1700. Trans. Eve Leckey. Munich, 1997.
Ackerman, James S. The Villa: Form and Ideology of Country Houses. Princeton, 1990.
Acton, Harold. The Pazzi Conspiracy: The Plot Against the Medici. London, 1979.
Ady, Cecilia M. Lorenzo dei Medici and Renaissance Italy. London, 1970.
Magnifico Page 54