66.“Terror Teen: ‘We’ll Make 9/11 Look like Child’s Play,’” News.com.au, March 10, 2015.
67.Hamish MacDonald, Dan Good, Rym Momtaz, and Meghan Keneally, “Gunman and Two Others Dead in Sydney Hostage Crisis,” ABC, December 15, 2014.
68.Matt Brown, “Islamic State: Australian Teenager Jake Bilardi Believed to Be Involved in Suicide Bombing in Iraq,” ABC.net.au, March 11, 2015.
69.Jenny Deam, “Colorado Woman’s Quest for Jihad Baffles Neighbors,” Los Angeles Times, July 25, 2014.
70.Ibid.
71.Ibid.
72.P. Solomon Banda and Dan Elliott, “Shock, Sadness after Teen’s Arrest in Terror Case,” Associated Press, July 3, 2014.
73.“Woman Calls Self ‘Servant of Allah,’ Faces Sentencing for ISIS Plan,” CNN, January 23, 2015.
74.Deam, “Colorado Woman’s Quest for Jihad.”
75.Ibid.
76.Ibid.; “Coloradan in Terror Investigation Agrees to Change Plea to Guilty,” CBS4Denver, August 11, 2014.
77.“Woman Calls Self ‘Servant of Allah.’”
78.Deam, “Colorado Woman’s Quest for Jihad.”
79.“Judge Hands Down 4 Year Sentence to ‘Jihad Shannon,’” CBSDenver, January 23, 2015. “Woman Calls Self ‘Servant of Allah.’”
80.Deam, “Colorado Woman’s Quest for Jihad.”
81.Michael Kosnar and Daniel Arkin, “Tairod Nathan Webster Pugh, U.S. Air Force Veteran, Charged with Trying to Join ISIS,” NBC News, March 17, 2015.
82.Pierre Thomas, Mike Levine, and Jack Cloherty, “Tairod Nathan Webster Pugh: Former US Air Force Mechanic Charged with Trying to Join ISIS in Syria,” ABC News, March 17, 2015.
83.Ibid.
84.Sanchez and Bruer, “Two Illinois Men Arrested.”
85.“Islamic State in Illinois Planned Another Ft. Hood,” Investor’s Business Daily, March 27, 2015.
86.Ibid.
87.“Bangalore Police Arrest Pro-Jihad Twitter Handle User Mehdi Biswas, Book Him under Unlawful Activities Act,” Indian Express, December 13, 2014.
88.Subrata Nagchowdhury, “He Knew the Quran by Heart, Often Gave Us Lessons: Parents,” Indian Express, December 14, 2014.
89.Barney Guiton and Damien Sharkov, “Islamic State Supporters Hand Out Leaflets in Central London Promising ‘Dawn of a New Era,’” Newsweek, August 12, 2014.
90.Pamela Brown and Wesley Bruer, “FBI Official: ISIS Is Recruiting U.S. Teens,” CNN, February 4, 2015.
91.Andrew Kirell, “State Dept Spokeswoman Marie Harf: We Can’t Beat ISIS Just by Killing Them,” Mediaite, February 17, 2015.
92.Samantha Rollins, “France Says the Name ISIS Offensive, Will Call It ‘Daesh’ Instead,” Week, September 17, 2014.
93.Nima Elbagir, Paul Cruickshank, and Mohammed Tawfiq, “Boko Haram Purportedly Pledges Allegiance to ISIS,” CNN, March 9, 2015.
94.Charlie Spiering, “Obama: Climate Change Fueled Rise of Boko Haram, War in Syria,” Breitbart, May 20, 2015.
95.Patrick Goodenough, “Kerry: Extremism Not Linked to Islam; Factors Include Deprivation, Climate Change,” CNS News, October 17, 2014; John Kerry, “Remarks at a Reception in Honor of Eid al-Adha,” U.S. Department of State, October 16, 2014.
96.Patrick Goodenough, “Kerry: Potential Terror Recruits Need ‘More Economic Opportunities,’” CNS News, September 30, 2013.
97.Pamela Geller, “Shocking Video: Muslim Students at Brooklyn College Shout Support for ISIS,” PamelaGeller.com, April 22, 2015.
98.Ibid.
99.Ibid.
100.Ibid.
101.Ibid.
102.Ibid.
103.Ibid.
104.“Exploding Misconceptions,” Economist, December 16, 2010.
105.Carlos Lozada, “Does Poverty Cause Terrorism,” National Bureau of Economic Research, n.d.
106.Abu Bakr al-Husayni al-Qurashi al-Baghdadi, “A Message to the Mujahidin and the Muslim Ummah in the Month of Ramadan,” Al-Hayat Media Center, n.d.
Chapter Four: How They Did It—and Who’s Trying to Stop Them
1.“How Can Isis Afford Its Own Currency?,” Guardian, November 16, 2014.
2.Agence France Presse, “Iraq Lost 2,300 Humvees in Mosul: PM,” Daily Star (Lebanon), May 31, 2015.
3.Associated Press, “US Defense Secretary Says Fall of Ramadi Shows Iraqi Forces Lack Will to Fight ISIS,” Guardian, May 24, 2015.
4.Dexter Filkins, “The Real Problem in Iraq,” New Yorker, May 19, 2015.
5.Janine di Giovanni, Leah McGrath Goodman, and Damien Sharkov, “How Does ISIS Fund Its Reign of Terror?,” Newsweek, November 6, 2014.
6.Ibid.
7.Karen Leigh, “ISIS Makes Up to $3 Million a Day Selling Oil, Analysts Say,” Syria Deeply, July 28, 2014.
8.David E. Sanger and Julie Hirschfeld Davis, “Turkey Fails to Cut Islamic State Oil Revenue Despite US Pressure,” Sydney Morning Herald, September 14, 2014.
9.Ibid.
10.Ibid.
11.“Pentagon: Oil Is No Longer ISIS’ Main Source of Income,” Al Arabiya, February 5, 2015.
12.Di Giovanni, Goodman, and Sharkov, “How Does ISIS Fund Its Reign of Terror?”
13.Ibid.
14.Ibid.
15.Bruce Golding, “Jihadi Barbarians Demanded $100M Ransom for Foley’s Life,” New York Post, August 20, 2014.
16.Jethro Mullen and Junko Ogura, “ISIS Apparently Demands Release of Terrorist to Spare Japanese Hostage,” CNN, January 26, 2015.
17.Jon Gambrell and Mari Yamaguchi, “Japan Weighs Ransom in Islamic State Threat to Kill Hostages,” Associated Press, January 20, 2015.
18.Di Giovanni, Goodman, and Sharkov, “How Does ISIS Fund Its Reign of Terror?”
19.Evan Bleier, “Christian Held Hostage for Five Months by ISIS Tells How He Was Made to Call His Parents while Being Electrocuted so They Would Hear the Screams and Pay a Ransom,” Daily Mail, March 21, 2015.
20.Di Giovanni, Goodman, and Sharkov, “How Does ISIS Fund Its Reign of Terror?”
21.Ahmed ibn Naqib al-Misri, Reliance of the Traveller (‘Umdat al-Salik): A Classic Manual of Islamic Sacred Law, trans. Nuh Ha Mim Keller (Amana Publications, 1999), o9.14.
22.Abu’l Hasan al-Mawardi, al-Ahkam as-Sultaniyyah (The Laws of Islamic Governance) (Ta-Ha Publishers, 1996), 192.
23.“Obama: ISIS ‘Unintended Consequence’ of Invading Iraq, ‘Which Is Why We Should Aim Before We Shoot,’” Real Clear Politics, March 17, 2015.
24.“Transcript: President Obama Iraq speech,” BBC, December 15, 2011.
25.Riyadh Mohammed, “ISIS Burns 8000 Rare Books and Manuscripts in Mosul,” Fiscal Times, February 23, 2015.
26.Julian Robinson, “ISIS Thugs Take a Hammer to Civilisation: Priceless 3,000-Year-Old Artworks Smashed to Pieces in Minutes as Militants Destroy Mosul Museum,” Daily Mail, February 26, 2015.
27.“Ancient Artefacts Destroyed in Iraq,” News.com.au, February 27, 2015.
28.Jean Marc Mojon, “Widespread Outrage after IS Bulldozes Ancient Iraq City,” Agence France Presse, March 6, 2015; Ahmed Rasheed and Isabel Coles, “Islamic State Militants Raze Iraq’s Ancient Hatra City: Government,” Reuters, March 7, 2015; Gianluca Mezzofiore, “Iraq: Isis Blows Up 10th Century Assyrian Catholic Monastery near Mosul,” International Business Times, March 10, 2015.
29.Perry Chiaramonte, “ISIS Reportedly Selling Christian Artifacts, Turning Churches into Torture Chambers,” Fox News, December 23, 2014.
30.John Hall, “Tearing Down the Graves: Now ISIS Turn Their Savagery on the Dead by Pulling Down Monuments and Smashing Tombs in Syrian Cemetery,” Daily Mail, March 30, 2015.
31.Sinan Salaheddin and Sameer N. Yacoub, “Iraqi Libraries Ransacked by Islamic State Group in Mosul,” Associated Press, January 31, 2015.
32.“Ancient Artefacts Destroyed in Iraq,” News.com.au, February 27, 2015.
33.Abu Isa Muhammad at-Tirmidhi, Jami’ at-Tirmidhi, translator anonymous, book 10, hadith 85, no.1049, Sunnah.com; “Islamic State (ISIS) Destroys Christian Graves in Mosul,
” Middle East Media Research Institute, April 16, 2015.
34.“Islamic State Seizes Syria’s Ancient Palmyra,” BBC News, May 21, 2015.
35.Kareem Shaheen, “Syria: Isis Releases Footage of Palmyra Ruins Intact and ‘Will Not Destroy Them,’” Guardian, May 27, 2015.
36.Flora Drury, “ISIS Fanatics Summon Crowd to Ancient Roman Amphitheatre of Palmyra to Execute 20 Men,” Daily Mail, May 27, 2015.
37.“Kuwaiti Preacher, ISIS Call for Demolition of Egypt’s Sphinx, Pyramids,” RT, March 9, 2015.
38.Raymond Ibrahim, “Italy: Muslims Destroy and Urinate on Virgin Mary Statue,” Raymond Ibrahim: Islam Translated, January 17, 2015.
39.Robert Spencer, “Italy: Screaming Phrases from the Qur’an, a 67-Year-Old Muslim Devastates a Church in Trento,” Jihad Watch, January 6, 2015.
40.Robinson, “ISIS Thugs Take a Hammer to Civilisation.”
41.“Kuwaiti preacher, ISIS Call for Demolition.”
42.Robert D. Kaplan, Balkan Ghosts: A Journey Through History (Picador, 2014), xiv.
43.This idea is based on a saying attributed to Muhammad: “Do not leave an image without defacing it or a high grave without leveling it” (Sahih Muslim 969).
44.“10 Historical Sites Destroyed by ISIS and Why They Matter,” CBC, March 13, 2015.
45.Ibid.
46.Ibid.
47.Ibid.
48.Ibid.
49.Ibid.
50.Ibid.
51.Ibid.
52.Joseph Mahmoud, “As Jihadists Destroy Mosul’s Church of the Immaculate Virgin, Chaldeans Get Ready for Unity Synod in Baghdad,” Asia News, February 6, 2015.
53.“ISIS Blows up Catholic church in Mosul,” Rudaw, December 26, 2014.
54.“ISIS Destroys Assyrian Churches, Hostages Still Being Held,” AINA, March 16, 2015; “ISIL Destroys Historical Church in Mosul,” World Bulletin, March 10, 2015.
55.“ISIS Destroys Armenian Genocide Memorial Church in Der Zor,” Armenian Weekly, September 21, 2014.
56.“ISIS Blow up Tikrit’s Green Church,” ANSA, September 25, 2014
57.John Hall, “Another Blow to Christianity and Civilisation: ISIS Destroy 4th Century Mar Benham Monastery in Iraq,” Daily Mail, March 19, 2015.
58.ISIS Destroys Assyrian Churches, Hostages Still Being Held,” AINA, March 16, 2015.
59.“10 Historical Sites Destroyed by ISIS.”
60.Yasmine Hafiz, “ISIS Destroys Jonah’s Tomb in Mosul, Iraq, as Militant Violence Continues,” Huffington Post, July 25, 2014.
61.“Islamic State Destroys Ancient Mosul Mosque, the Third in a Week,” Associated Press, July 27, 2014.
62.“Ancient Artefacts Destroyed in Iraq,” News.com.au, February 27, 2015.
63.“10 Historical Sites Destroyed by ISIS”; “ISIS Destroys Shrines, Shiite Mosques in Iraq,” Agence France Presse, July 5, 2014.
64.“ISIS Militants Destroy Shiite Mosque, Execute Muezzin,” Agence France-Presse, August 15, 2014; “ISIS Destroys Shrines, Shiite Mosques in Iraq,” Agence France Presse, July 5, 2014.
65.“ISIL Destroys Two Shia Religious Sites in Iraqi City of Mosul,” Press TV, June 25, 2014.
66.Praveen Swami, “ISIS Insurgents Wage War on History,” Hindu, June 29, 2014.
67.Abdelhak Mamoun, “Urgent: ISIS Destroys Historical Al-Arbain Mosque in Tikrit,” Iraqi News, September 25, 2014.
68.Faraj Obaji, “YPG Official: Airstrikes Not Enough to Protect Kobani,” Al-Monitor, October 14, 2014; “YPG Retakes the Entire City of Ayn al- Arab ‘Kobani’ after 112 Days of Clashes with IS Militants,” Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, January 26, 2015.
69.Patrick Cockburn, “Isis in Kobani: US Resupplies Kurdish Fighters by Plane—then Turkey Allows Reinforcements through Its Border,” Independent, October 20, 2014.
70.Elad Benari, “ISIS: Fighting ‘Infidels’ Takes Precedence over Fighting Israel,” Arutz Sheva, July 8, 2014.
71.Rita Katz, “ISIS in Ramadi: The Terrifying Truth behind Islamic State’s Latest Capture,” International Business Times, May 19, 2015.
72.“Iraqi Forces Battle Islamic State Jihadists in Ramadi, Kirkuk,” Agence France Presse, November 27, 2014.
73.“Baghdad Halts Ramadi Refugee Flow after Capture by IS,” BBC News, May 23, 2015; Tim Lister, “ISIS’s Victory in Ramadi: Five Lessons,” CNN, May 22, 2015.
74.Jack Moore, “‘4,000-Strong’ Christian Militia Formed to Fight ISIS in Northern Iraq,” Newsweek, February 4, 2015.
75.Susan Berry, “Exiled Archbishop of Mosul: ‘I Have Lost My Diocese to Islam; You in the West Will also Become Victims of Muslims,’” Breitbart, August 18, 2014.
76.Moore, “‘4,000-Strong’ Christian Militia.”
77.Samuel Smith, “Fla. Army Veteran Recruits US Soldiers to Fight ISIS by Joining ‘Veterans Against ISIS’ Militia,” Christian Post, March 3, 2015.
78.Ibid.
Chapter Five: Inside the Islamic State
1.“12 Rules for Living Under ISIS: Follow or Be Killed,” Clarion Project, January 28, 2015.
2.Ibid.
3.Ghazi Balkiz and Alexander Smith, “What Life Is like Inside ISIS’ Capital City of Raqqa, Syria,” NBC News, September 25, 2014.
4.“12 Rules for Living Under ISIS.”
5.Ibid.
6.Ibid.
7.Ibid.
8.Ibid.
9.Adam Taylor, “The Rules in ISIS’ New State: Amputations for Stealing and Women to Stay Indoors,” Washington Post, June 12, 2014.
10.Ibid.
11.Ibid.
12.Ibid.
13.Ibid.
14.Ibid.
15.“IS Militants Punish Citizens with 80 Lashes if Seen Wearing Football Team Jerseys,” Free Press Journal, April 25, 2015.
16.Damien Gayle, “All-Female Islamic State Police Squad Tortured New Mother with Spiked Clamp Device Called a ‘Biter’ after She Was Caught Breastfeeding in Public,” Daily Mail, December 30, 2014.
17.Priya Joshi, “Isis: Man Accused of ‘Witchcraft’ Decapitated in Town Square,” International Business Times, April 8, 2015.
18.Jay Akbar and Simon Tomlinson, “ISIS Burn Woman Alive for Refusing to Take Part in ‘Extreme Sex Act’ Reveals UN Official, as the Islamist Fighters’ Sadism Becomes Even More Depraved,” Daily Mail, May 26, 2015.
19.Benjamin Hall, “‘You Want to Kill’: ISIS Deserter Recounts Training, Torture and Terror,” Fox News, November 6, 2014.
20.Matthew Fisher, “Convert to Islam or Face the Sword, Iraqi Christians Told by Sunni Extremists,” Postmedia News, June 22, 2014.
21.Steph Cockcroft, “How to Live as a Christian in Raqqa: ISIS Release Seven Rules for Followers of Rival Faith, Including Praying out of Earshot of Muslims and Never Mocking Islam,” Daily Mail, December 23, 2014.
22.Ibid.
23.“Syria Crisis: ISIS Imposes Rules on Christians in Raqqa,” BBC, February 27, 2014.
24.Cockcroft, “How to Live as a Christian in Raqqa.”
25.Ibid.
26.Ibid.
27.Ibid.
28.Ibid.
29.Cockcroft, “How to Live as a Christian in Raqqa”; “Syria Crisis: ISIS Imposes Rules.”
30.“Syria Crisis: ISIS Imposes Rules.”
31.‘Umdat al-Salik, o11.5(6).
32.“Islamic State Warns Those Who Refuse Islam Will Die like Ethiopians in Libya Video,” Morning Star News, April 24, 2015.
33.Patrick Cockburn, “Life under Isis: The Everyday Reality of Living in the Islamic ‘Caliphate’ with Its 7th Century Laws, Very Modern Methods and Merciless Violence,” Independent, March 15, 2015.
34.Balkiz and Smith, “What Life Is like inside ISIS’ Capital.”
35.Ben Hubbard, “Wanted in Saudi Arabia: Executioners,” New York Times, May 18, 2015.
36.Molly Crabapple, “Scenes from Daily Life Inside ISIS-Controlled Mosul,” Vanity Fair, February 5, 2015.
37.Balkiz and Smith, “What Life Is like inside ISIS’ Capital.”
38.Alexander Smith, “Shopkeepers Sell
ing Cigarettes in Mosul under ISIS Face 80 Lashes,” NBC News, November 10, 2014.
39.Gianluca Mezzofiore, “Syria: Isis Chief Executioner Found Beheaded with Cigarette in His Mouth,” International Business Times, January 6, 2015.
40.Heather Saul, “Life under Isis in Raqqa: The City Where Smoking a Cigarette Could See You Publicly Flogged, Imprisoned and Even Decapitated,” Independent, February 13, 2015.
41.Ibid.
42.Maya Gebeily, “Shit ISIS Says,” Matter, February 25, 2015.
43.John Hall, “‘I Saw ISIS Playing with a Severed Head as if It Was a Football. They Killed Children in front of Their Parents’: Refugees in Yarmouk Reveal Atrocities They Have Seen since Islamic State Took over the Camp,” Daily Mail, April 8, 2015.
44.Heather Saul, “Isis Fighters ‘Crucify’ 17-Year-Old Boy in Syria,” Independent, October 17, 2014.
45.Adam Withnall, “Isis Throws ‘Gay’ Men Off Tower, Stones Woman Accused of Adultery and Crucifies 17 Young Men in ‘Retaliatory’ Wave of Executions,” Independent, January 18, 2015.
46.Jay Akbar, “ISIS Publicly Executes Two ‘Spies’ and Crucifies Another as Armed Insurgents and Young Boys Watch,” Daily Mail, February 14, 2015.
47.“ISIS Graphic Photos Shows 2 Most Horrific Executions,” AlAlam, April 9, 2015.
48.John Hall, “Slaughtered for Their Entertainment: Crowds Gather to Watch the Barbaric Murder of Jordanian Pilot on Specially Erected Giant Screens on the Streets of Raqqa . . . and Cheer When the Airman Goes up in Flames,” Daily Mail, February 4, 2015.
49.Christopher Reuter, “The Terror Strategist: Secret Files Reveal the Structure of Islamic State,” Spiegel, April 18, 2015.
50.Balkiz and Smith, “What Life Is like inside ISIS’ Capital.”
51.“Revealed: The Islamic State ‘Cabinet’, from Finance Minister to Suicide Bomb Deployer,” Telegraph, July 9, 2014.
52.Julian E. Barnes, “Several Islamic State Leaders Have Been Killed in Iraq, U.S. Says,” Wall Street Journal, December 18, 2014.
53.Charles Lister, “Islamic State Senior Leadership: Who’s Who,” Brookings Institution, October 20, 2014.
54.Ibid.
55.Ibid.
56.Ibid.
57.“Revealed: The Islamic State ‘Cabinet.’”
58.Lister, “Islamic State Senior Leadership.”
59.Ibid.
The Complete Infidel's Guide to ISIS Page 32