by Midnight- Three Women at the Hour of Reckoning (retail) (epub)
171 “Look how she laughs at us”: Testimony of du Desert in Quicherat, 2:338.
172 “It’s all right”: Testimony of Massieu, in Quicherat, 3:157.
172 an X or an O: Testimony of de Macy, in Quicherat, 3:123; Boisguillaume, in Quicherat, 3, p. 164.
173 “Take her back”: Testimony of Manchon, in Quicherat, 2, p. 14.
178 “And tell your father”: Testimony of Durand Laxalt, Joan’s uncle, in Quicherat, 1:444.
178 “There are plenty”: Trial, article 16; February 27.
178 “I stay in my pants”: Trial, 3/17.
179 “My pants are my protection!”: Testimony of Massieu, in Quicherat, 3:154.
181 “Hey you, priests!”: Testimony of Jean Favé, in Quicherat, 2:376.
182 “The king stands badly”: Testimony of Jean Favé, in Quicherat, 2:376.
183 The barber shaved her head: Trial, May 24, 1431.
188 “gold crowns on their heads”: Trial, February 24 and March 1, 1431.
188 “You say Saint Michael”: Trial, March 1, 1431.
188 “Did he come to you naked?”: Trial, May 2, 1431.
192 sent her home for a beating: Testimony of Durand Laxalt, in Quicherat, 1:444.
193 “rather see her drowned”: Trial, March 12, 1431.
193 sentenced to marry: Trial, March 12, 1431. Also, Jules Michelet, Joan of Arc (University of Michigan, 1974), 14.
194 with a bowl, definitive: Le greffier de l’hotel de ville de la Rochelle. Simeon Luce, Jeanne d’Arc à Domrémy, 312.
194 “Better today than tomorrow”: Testimony of Jean de Metz, Joan’s earliest follower, in Quicherat, 2:436. “Citius nunc quam cras, et cras quam post.”
195 “even if I have to wear”: Testimony of Jean de Metz, in Quicherat, 2:436.
195 shoemaker had refused him credit: Joseph Fabre, Procès de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc (Paris: Chez P. Jannet, 1858), 52.
196 a virgin and much armor: Quicherat, 3:82; also 2:447.
196 “deserted or infested with soldiers”: Michelet, Histoire de France, 17.
196 “go, and come what may”: “Va, va, et advienne que pourra . . .” in Pierre Tisset, Procès de Condamnation de Jeanne d’Arc (Paris: Société de Histoire de France, 1970), 52
197 “desire nor carnal motive”: Testimony of Jean de Metz, in Quicherat, 436–7.
199 “In the name of God”: Jean Chartier, Chroniques de Charles VII, Roi de France (Paris: Chez P, Jannet, 1858), 52.
199 “to which she was more faithful”: Luce, La France pendant la guerre de cent ans, p. 50.
200 had to flee more than once: Testimony of Isabellette, a friend from Domrémy. Quicherat, 2:431. In his Chroniques, Juvenal des Ursins tells of soldiers “pillaging, tearing down, setting fire, as they were accustomed to do in Lorraine.”
202 “I didn’t come”: Quicherat, 3:204; Chronique de la Pucelle, in Quicherat, 4:205, 210.
202 virgin, “whole and entire”: Testimony of D’Aulon, in Quicherat, 3:209; testimony of Pasquerel, in Quicherat, 3:102.
203 kissing her feet and even her horse: Testimony of Tupinier, in Quicherat, 3:227.
204 “Few in number but valiant in war”: “Exigui numero, sed bello vivida virtus.” Virgil, Aeneid, quoted in Thomas Basin, Histoire de Charles VII (Paris: Société d’édition “Les Belles Lettres,” 1939), 39.
204 “like a flock of sheep”: “Un tropeau de moutons.” Thomas Basin, Histoire de Charles VII (Paris: Société d’édition “Les Belles Lettres,” 1939), 39
205 “The only ones with you”: Journal du Siège d’Orléans in Quicherat, 4:141; testimony of Louis le Conte, Joan’s page, in Quicherat, 3:68.
206 “You have been”: Testimony of Pasquerel, in Quicherat, 3:109.
206 sank like stones: Testimony of Dunois, in Quicherat, 3:8–9.
206 dipped in watered-down wine: Chroniques d’Antonio Morosini (Paris: Renouard, 1902), 101. “Only two ounces of bread each day, and if she drank wine at all, she put in it three-quarters water.” Letter, Pancrazio Giustiniani.
207 without—undressing: Testimony of Louis le Conte, Joan of Arc’s page, in Quicherat, 3:67.
210 “The fortunes of war”: Testimony of D’Alençon, Quicherat, 3:99.
210 “nothing could resist her”: Chroniques de Perceval de Cagny, 153.
211 “All through fear of her”: Chronicles of Enguerrand de Monstrelet, translated by Peter Thompson, p. 307.
212 “though you’ve had many heroes”: Testimony Alain Chartier, Fabre, Procès de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc, 2:279–282.
227 “Nul n’est tenu à l’impossible”: Michelet, Joan of Arc, p. 68. “Nul n’est tenu à l’impossible.”
230 “You know I can’t put these on!”: Testimony of Massieu, Quicherat, 2:18.
234 “They told me to be brave”: Trial, May 28, 1431.
235 “We’ve got her!”: Testimony of Isambart, in Quicherat, 2:5; Ladvenu, in Quicherat, 2:8.
235 Several had already fled Rouen: Testimony of Isambart, in Fabre, Procès de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc, 2:98.
235 “Farowelle, my lord!”: Testimony of Ladvenu, Quicherat, 2:8.
236 “Traitors! French dogs!”: Testimony of Jean Favé, Quicherat, 2:376.
236 beaten the child so badly: Turner, History of England, 3:27–8.
238 “Slut! Whore! You lie!”: Testimony of M. D. Tiphaine, Quicherat, 3:48–9; Delachambre, Quicherat, 3: 51–2.
238 “I was baptized a Christian”: Trial, April 18, 1431.
239 “ex-communicant whore!”: Testimony of Boisguillaume, Quicherat, 3:162.
239 “wouldn’t see the sun or the moon”: Testimony of Massieu, Quicherat, 2:16.
246 “Remind her of her promise”: Trial, May 29, 1431.
247 “You may tear my flesh”: Trial, May 9, 1431.
249 “God sends you forgiveness”: Trial, May 28, 1431.
254 “Anything else, anything but that!”: Testimony of Toutmouillé, Quicherat, 2:3.
255 “Consider, gentlemen”: Testimony of Massieu, Quicherat, 3:158.
256 “Bishop, I die through you!”: Testimony of Toutmouillé, Quicherat, 2:4; Ladvenu, Quicherat, 3:168.
256 “Bear it bravely”: Testimony of Toutmouillé, Quicherat, 2:4.
256 “God willing, I’ll be in paradise”: Testimony of Riquier, Quicherat, 3:191.
259 “The streets are filled”: Testimony of de Lenozoles, Quicherat, 3:114.
266 “Johanne, vade in pace”: J. Fabre, Procès de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc, 2:81.
270 “Forgive me”: Testimony of Massieu, in Quicherat, 2:19.
270 “Ah, Rouen, Rouen!”: Testimony of Delachambre, in Quicherat, 3:58.
270 “I forgive you all!”: Testimony of Massieu, in Quicherat, 2:19.
271 “Hey, you priests!”: Testimony of Massieu, in Quicherat, 2:20.
272 burn anyone alive before: Testimony of Ladvenu, in Quicherat, 2:9.
272 “Her woman’s body”: Le Prétendu, in Quicherat, 4:471.
273 “Just do your job”: Testimony of Isambart, 1450, in Quicherat, 2:6; testimony of Massieu, 1450, in Quicherat, 2:20.
273 “Take her away”: Testimony of Manchon, in Quicherat, 3:202.
275 right next to her skin: Testimony of Massieu, in Quicherat, 2:20.
277 “Don’t get burned!”: Testimony of Isambart, in Quicherat, 2:303; also p. 6.
277 “Holy water!”: Testimony of Jean Moreau, bourgeois of Rouen, in Quicherat, 3:194.
277 “A dove!”: Testimony of Isambart, in Quicherat, 2:352.
278 “We have burned a saint!”: Testimony of Cusquel, bourgeois of Rouen, in Quicherat, 3:182.
280 that he had burned a saint: Testimony of Massieu, in Quicherat, 3:160; testimony of Ladvenu in Quicherat, 2:9; testimony of Isambart, in Quicherat, 2:7, 352.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
MIDNIGHT AND JANE AUSTEN SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
The best account of Jane Austen’s life is to be found in her own letters—what
we have of them. Lamentably, her sister Cassandra burned what we can only surmise would have been the ones we’d most like to read. One might wish to go back, to stand in that doorway—was it dawn when she did it? midnight?—and bring her the news of her sister’s much-beloved afterlife, beg her to stop. But she doesn’t stop. The letters remain burned.
But no one burned Jane Austen’s books. They live on and on, we read and reread, our favorites changing places as we grow older. Pride and Prejudice giving way to Persuasion. Emma coming into her own as feminist hero rather than the dense, annoying egotist we found her at seventeen. Marianne’s marriage to Brandon breaking our hearts now, rather than bringing relief. As we come to our own understanding of life, as did Jane Austen.
There are countless good books about Jane Austen. I read the ones in the Santa Monica Public Library, some of which are listed below. As for the story written in this book, it started when I was lucky enough to sit in on Anne Mellor’s brilliant Jane Austen class at UCLA.
Austen, Jane. Jane Austen’s Letters, 4th ed. Edited by Deirdre Le Faye. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.
Austen, Jane. Selected Letters, 1796–1817. Edited by R. W. Chapman. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985.
Honan, Park. Jane Austen: Her Life. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1987.
Mellor, Anne K. “Jane Austen and her Peers.” Lecture series, UCLA.
Tomalin, Claire. Jane Austen: A Life. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1997.
Woolf, Virginia. “Jane Austen at Sixty.” Nation, December 15, 1923 (vol. 34), p. 433.
MARY SHELLEY ON THE BEACH SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
One can always start with Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s poetry, which is why we care about them in the first place. Then there is Mary Wollstonecraft’s Vindication of the Rights of Woman and William Godwin’s book about Mary Wollstonecraft, Memoirs of the Author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman.
I, however, started with Coleridge. First Alathea Hayter’s Voyage in Vain, which led me to Richard Holmes’s two-volume life of Coleridge, which I hoped would never end. There is much intersection here: Mary Shelley knew Coleridge as a young girl. Shelley and Byron could both recite his unfinished Christabel by heart.
It was after one such recitation—A sight to dream of, not to tell!—that Shelley had a vision, eyes on a monstrous woman’s breasts, that sent him screaming from Byron’s sitting room. Those words were in the air when Mary Shelley dreamed her own story.
Bennett, Betty T., ed. Selected Letters of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.
Bieri, James. Percy Bysshe Shelley, A Biography: Exile of Unfulfilled Reknown, 1816–1822. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2005.
Gilbert, Sandra, and Susan Gubar. The Madwoman in the Attic. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.
Hay, Daisy. Young Romantics: The Tangled Lives of English Poetry’s Greatest Generation. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2010.
Holmes, Richard. Shelley: The Pursuit. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1974.
Hoobler, Dorothy, and Thomas Hoobler. The Monsters: Mary Shelley and the Curse of Frankenstein. Boston: Little, Brown, 2006.
Johnson, Barbara. A Life with Mary Shelley. Redwood City, CA: Stanford University Press, 2014.
Mellor, Anne K. Mary Shelley: Her Life, Her Fiction, Her Monsters. New York: Routledge, 1988.
Mulhallen, Jacqueline. Revolutionary Lives: Percy Bysshe Shelley. London: Pluto Press, 2015
Seymour, Miranda. Mary Shelley. New York: Grove Press, 2000.
Shelley, Mary. Mathilda and Other Stories. London: Wordsworth Editions, 2013.
Stocking, Marion Kingston, ed. The Journals of Claire Clairmont, 1814–1827. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1968.
_____. The Clairmont Correspondence: Letters of Claire Clairmont, Charles Clairmont, and Fanny Imlay Godwin. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.
Sunstein, Emily. Mary Shelley: Romance and Reality. Boston: Little, Brown, 1989.
JOAN OF ARC IN CHAINS SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Primary Sources The Trial and Rehabilitation of Joan of Arc
This constitutes the recorded minutes from the trial of Joan of Arc, in 1431, and then the recorded testimony from her rehabilitation, hearings for which were conducted in and around Orléans, Rouen, and Paris in 1450, 1452, and 1456.
Of the minutes for the trial, there were five official copies made at the time—four of them translations from the spoken French into Latin. Guillaume Manchon, a priest notary, made three copies in Latin, as well as leaving us the Minuta in gallico, the French version, from which we get the clearest and most direct picture of Joan of Arc and her prosecutors.
One of his copies was for the inquisitor, one for the king of England, and one for Pierre Cauchon. Guillaume Boisguillaume and Nicholas Taquel, also priests, made and notarized copies as well, Boisguillaume’s on vellum. Three copies remained in Paris, one was dramatically torn up by the rehabilitation judges on December 15, 1455, and one was found in Orléans in 1475.
Modern compilations:
Champion, Pierre. The Trial of Jeanne d’Arc. Translated by W. P. Barrett. New York: Gotham House, 1932.
_____. “Dramatis Personae.” Translated by Coley Taylor and Ruth Kerr. In The Trial of Jeanne d’Arc. New York: Gotham House, 1932.
Fabre, Joseph. Procès de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc: Raconté et Traduit d’aprés les textes Latins Officiel. Paris: Librairie Ch. Delagrave, 1881.
Quicherat, Jules. Procès de Condemnation et de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc, dites La Pucelle. Paris: Renouard, 1847. Quicherat compiled and reprinted, in Latin and the original old French, the entire trial, rehabilitation, and all relevant chronicles of the time. He is Joan of Arc’s most devoted scholar.
Tisset, Pierre. “Traduction.” In Procès de Condamnation de Jeanne d’Arc. Paris: Société de Histoire de France, 1970.
Chronicles:
Basin, Thomas. Histoire de Charles VII, vol. 1, 1407–1444. Edited and translated by Charles Samaran. Paris: Société d’Edition “Les Belles Lettres,” 1933. Written between 1470 and 1472 by a Norman bishop who, in 1449, enthusiastically embraced the cause of Charles VII.
Chartier, Jean. Chroniques de Charles VII, Roi de France. Edited by Vallet de Viriville. Paris: Chez P. Jannet, 1858. Chartier is a Norman chronicler who wrote this history in 1449, after being fired by Louis XI. Quicherat calls him “a bad writer, a poor judge of events, and an inept and incomplete analyst.” Chartier often mentions Joan of Arc incidentally among the various captains, when recounting battles in which she took part.
Chastellain, George, Chroniques, vol. 2, 1430–31, 1452–53. Bruxelles: F. Heussner, 1863. A Burgundian chronicler.
Chronique de Jean le Bel. Translated by Peter Thompson. In Contemporary Chronicles of the Hundred Years’ War. London: Folio Society, 1966.
Chronique de la Pucelle. In Jules Quicherat, Procès de Condemnation et de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc, dites La Pucelle. Vol. 4. Paris: Renouard, 1847. No one knows who wrote this chronicle or where it was found. The author, relating depositions from Dunois, the Duke of Alençon, and Frère Seguin, must have known at least some of the captains who fought with Joan of Arc.
Chronique Normande. In vol. 3 of Chartier, Jean. Chroniques de Charles VII, Roi de France. Covers the years 1428–1431.
Chroniques de Jean de Wavrin du Forestel. In Jules Quicherat, Procès de Condemnation et de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc, dites La Pucelle. Vol. 4. Paris: Renouard, 1847. Jean de Wavrin was a soldier who fought with the English against Joan of Arc. He was the first one to represent her as an instrument of a political maneuvers. He calls her followers “mad,” and her a “monstrous woman.”
Chroniques de Perceval de Cagny. Edited by H. Moranvillé. Paris: La Société de l’Histoire de France, 1902. Perceval de Cagny was attached to the Duke of Alençon, one of Joan of Arc’s closest colleagues. Quicherat calls his account the “head of the chroniclers
of the Maid,” and notes that though he was “poorly educated,” his chronicle is the most complete and the most “sincere.”
Froissart, Jean, Chroniques. Publiées Pour La Société de l’Histoire de France par Siméon Luce. Paris: Librairie de la Société de l’Histoire de France, 1870.
Hall, Edward. Chronicle: Containing the History of England. London: Johnson, Rivington, Payne, Wilkie, and Robinson, 1809.
Journal d’un Bourgeois de Paris sous Charles VI et Charles VII. Preface and notes by d’Andre Mary. Paris: Henri Jonquières, 1929.
Journal du Siège d’Orléans et du Voyage de Reims. In Jules Quicherat, Procès de Condemnation et de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc, dites La Pucelle. Vol. 4. Paris: Renouard, 1847. Though this work touts itself as written “word for word” at the time of Joan of Arc’s lifting of the siege (1429), Quicherat points out various anachronisms as well as plagiarisms that date it to about 1467.
L’Abréviateur du Procès. In Jules Quicherat, Procès de Condemnation et de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc, dites La Pucelle. Vol. 4. Paris: Renouard, 1847, 254–276. Written around 1500, by order of Louis XII, by an anonymous author, most likely an ecclesiatic.
Le Hérault Berri. In Jules Quicherat, Procès de Condemnation et de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc, dites La Pucelle. Vol. 4. Paris: Renouard, 1847. Jacques le Bouvier, herald of the king of France and of “the country of Berri.” As Quicherat says, his errors “are those of a man who has seen.”
Le Miroir des Femmes Verteuses. In Jules Quicherat, Procès de Condemnation et de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc, dites La Pucelle. Vol. 4. Paris: Renouard, 1847. Written about 1498, full of errors, but evidence of the growing legend of Joan of Arc.
Le Prétendu Bourgeois de Paris. In Jules Quicherat, Procès de Condemnation et de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc, dites La Pucelle. Vol. 4. Paris: Renouard, 1847. The most hostile chronicler of Joan of Arc in the fifteenth century.
Les Chroniques de Enguerran de Monstrelet. In Jules Quicherat, Procès de Condemnation et de Réhabilitation de Jeanne d’Arc, dites La Pucelle. Vol. 4. Paris: Renouard, 1847.