20 Nichols (ed.), The Chronicle of Queen Jane, p. 41.
21 Ibid.
22 Commendone, Accession, p. 49; Nichols (ed.), The Chronicle of Queen Jane, p. 41.
23 Nichols (ed.), The Chronicle of Queen Jane, p. 41.
24 Ibid.
25 Ibid.
26 Ibid., p. 42.
27 Ibid.
28 Ibid.
29 Ibid.
30 D. Geary (ed.), The Letters of Lady Jane Grey (Ilfracombe, 1951), p. 7.
31 Vertot and Villaret (eds), Ambassades, p. 126. This was the observation of the French ambassador, Antoine de Noailles, who may have been present.
32 Nicolas, Memoirs, p. 93.
33 De Castro, A Diary of Events’, pp. 72–3.
34 Ibid., p. 72.
35 T.B. Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James II (London, 1848), pp. 628–9.
36 Jane’s ghost has normally been reported on the anniversary of her death, and has been spotted as recently as 1957.
Chapter 24: God and Posterity Will Show Me Favour
1 CSPS, XII, p. 97.
2 H. Chapman, Two Tudor Portraits: Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey and Lady Katherine Grey (London, 1960), p. 154.
3 Grafton, Abridgement, f. 159.
4 Stow, Annales, p. 622; Commendone, Accession, p. 72.
5 Robinson (ed.), Original Letters, p. 303.
6 Ibid., pp. 303–5.
7 Ibid., p. 303.
8 CSPS, XII, p. 94.
9 Robinson (ed.), Original Letters, p. 303.
10 Ibid., p. 294.
11 Ibid., p. 304.
12 Foxe, Acts and Monuments, X, p. 1623. Later editions were published in 1570, 1576 and 1583.
13 Ibid., p. 1622.
14 Foxe, Acts and Monuments, X, p. 1623.
15 G. Cavendish, as cited in Wood, Royal and Illustrious Ladies, p. 273.
16 Nicholas Wotton was the brother of Henry Grey’s mother, Margaret Wotton. Thomas Chaloner accompanied Wotton on an embassy to France in 1553. It seems improbable that Jane was close to her great-uncle as he spent much of his time abroad on diplomatic commissions; there is certainly no record of them spending any time together; T. Chaloner, ‘Deploratio acerbate necis Heroidis praestantissimae Dominae Janae Grayae Henrici Ducis Suffolchiae filiae, quae secure percussa, animo constantissimo mortem oppetiit’, in De Republica Anglorum instauranda libri decem (London, 1579).
17 Ibid.
18 G. Keate, An Epistle from Lady Jane Grey to Lord Guilford Dudley (London, 1762), p. 12.
19 It played in London more than forty times, and went through numerous printed editions in quick succession.
20 N. Rowe, Lady Jane Grey: A Tragedy in Five Acts (London, 1782), p. 60.
21 The painting came to England in 1870 when it was acquired by an English MP, H.W. Eaton. Eaton’s son bequeathed the painting to the National Gallery.
22 R. Strong, And When Did You Last See Your Father? The Victorian Painter and British History (London, 1978), p. 126.
23 Strickland, Lives of the Tudor Princesses, p. 94.
24 The other two are the silent 1923 film Lady Jane Grey, or the Court of Intrigue and Tudor Rose, released in 1936.
25 As has been mentioned previously, Jane was not executed on the official site of executions now commemorated on Tower Green.
26 Commendone, Accession, p. 49. Commendone is not the only writer who cites that Jane wrote these lines; Florio and Rosso also refer to them. It has been suggested that they are apocryphal, but this seems unlikely.
Epilogue
1 In an ironic twist of fate, the man who passed sentence upon him was none other than his own brother-in-law, the Earl of Arundel, the brother of Katherine FitzAlan, whom Henry had long ago repudiated in order to marry Jane’s mother.
2 Henry was buried in the Chapel of St Peter ad Vincula within the Tower; however, a curious tale later emerged about the fate of his head. In the early twentieth century, Walter George Bell claimed that following Henry’s execution, his head had fallen into some sawdust, and was preserved in tannin. The head was removed from the scaffold, although by whom is uncertain, and was for some time displayed as a curiosity in the Church of the Holy Trinity near the Minories. At the end of the nineteenth century, though, the church was deconsecrated, and the head was taken to nearby St Botolph’s, Aldgate, where it was later discovered in a small vault near the altar. According to Bell, the head is now buried in the vestry. It is a story that is almost impossible to prove one way or the other, but it is intriguing nevertheless.
3 Robinson (ed.), Original Letters, p. 305.
4 Tellingly, there is no record of Frances making any attempt to intercede on behalf of her husband. She probably realized that to do so would be pointless, for Henry’s treachery had sealed his fate.
5 John, Robert and Harry were released in October 1554, and Ambrose was released slightly later. Tragically, John died immediately after his release. Harry was killed in 1557 by a cannonball at the Battle of St Quentin, in which Ambrose and Robert also participated. Robert, and perhaps Ambrose too, witnessed the death of his youngest brother, an event that deeply affected him. Both Ambrose and Robert enjoyed careers at court and rose to prominence gradually under Mary I, but more famously under Elizabeth I. Robert was proposed as a possible suitor to Elizabeth, but despite their evident closeness, a marriage never transpired. Robert married three times, and died in 1588. Ambrose died two years later. He too had married three times, but had no children. Both brothers were buried in St Mary’s Church, Warwick, where their splendid tombs can still be seen.
6 James I restored Bradgate to the Grey family following his accession to the English throne in 1603.
7 Through her mother Elizabeth Bourchier, Anne Stanhope was a descendant of Thomas of Woodstock, the youngest son of Edward III.
Appendix 1: The Queen Without a Face: Portraits of Lady Jane Grey
1 There is a miniature of an unknown woman in the collection at the Victoria and Albert Museum that could possibly be Frances. Museum number: P. 48-1984.
2 This is the Yale Miniature.
3 S.E. James, ‘Lady Jane Grey or Queen Kateryn Parr?’ Burlington Magazine (1996), pp. 20–4.
4 J.S. Edwards, A Queen of a New Invention: Portraits of Lady Jane Grey Dudley, England’s ‘Nine Days Queen’ (Palm Springs, 2015), p. 25.
5 One of these is now in a private collection, one belongs to the Earl of Jersey, and the other is now in the collection of Baron Hastings.
6 The portrait was acquired by the National Portrait Gallery in 2007, which purchased it from Lane Fine Art. In turn they acquired it from an anonymous owner in Streatham, hence the name.
7 Edwards, A Queen of a New Invention, p. 52.
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