The War of Wars
Page 104
George III, King 2, 76, 94, 96, 98, 100, 106, 117, 125, 129, 189, 197, 218, 222, 265, 295, 351, 375, 381, 429, 458, 464, 466, 502–3, 614
George IV, King (formerly Prince of Wales and Prince Regent) 265, 381, 458, 460, 573, 578, 860, 863, 905, 908, 909
George, Marguerite 685
German campaign (1813)
Battle of Dennewitz 837
Battle of Dresden 837
Battle of Katsbach 837
Battle of Leipzig 838–41
German states 33, 34, 109, 121, 346, 431, 441, 492, 508–9, 527, 656, 663, 829, 838
Gerona 707
Ghent 137
Gibraltar 169, 228, 229, 294, 426, 427, 436, 446, 529, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 582
Girondins 24, 25–6, 27, 32, 36, 39, 40, 47, 124
Gleig, George 593, 748
Glorious First of June 211–18, 228, 234, 235
Gneisenau, August von 824, 836, 849, 852, 880, 882, 886, 902, 911
Godoy, Manuel 3, 496, 582–3, 584, 585–6, 656, 658, 760
Gohier, Louis 335–6, 337, 339, 340
Goldsmith, Oliver 101
Goodwin, Captain Richard 218
Gordon, Jane, Duchess of 91
Grafton, Duke of 99
Graham, Sir Thomas 703, 711, 712, 750, 752, 847
Grand Armée see armies, French
Grand, Madame 190
Grassini, Giuseppina 864
Grattan, Sir Henry 221, 724–5
Gravina, Admiral 456, 484
Greece 653
Grenada 144, 437
Grenoble 869, 870
Grenville, George 11, 90, 466
Grenville, Lady Mary 860
Grenville, Thomas 138, 209
Grenville, Lord William 92, 119, 172, 189, 346, 407, 422, 461, 464, 531
character and background 93–4, 95, 381, 501–2
coalition building 120–1, 125, 170, 926
death 911
as foreign secretary 87, 88, 108, 112, 116, 132, 145, 376, 570–1, 925
and Ministry of All Talents 429, 493, 499, 502–3, 527, 533, 574, 575, 612, 859–60
Greville, Charles 860
Greville, Lady Charlotte 878
Grey, Sir Charles 143, 209, 493, 574
Gribeauval, Jean-Baptiste de 181
Grinfield, General 432
Grodno 767
Grossgorchen, Battle of 829
Grouchy, Marshal Emmanuel de 223, 874, 877, 880, 884, 886–7, 890, 893, 895, 899, 902, 912
Guadeloupe 143, 144, 145, 433, 437
Guillemand (French mariner) 450–1
guns 472, 477
on ships 204–6
Gustav III, King of Sweden 113
Gustav IV Adolf, King of Sweden 614
Guthrie, Dr 549
Habsburg dynasty 480
Haifa 318
Haiti 403–4, 433, 497
Hallowell, Captain 446
Hamburg 536, 537, 821, 834, 847
Hamelin, Fortunée 151
Hamilton, Alexander 37
Hamilton, Archibald, Duke of 560
Hamilton, Lady Emma 101, 268, 295, 296, 356, 359–60, 361–3, 370, 442, 444–5, 447, 451, 455, 458, 459, 460
Hamilton, Sir Thomas 101
Hamilton, Sir William 267–8, 274, 296, 356, 359, 360, 361, 362, 374–5, 460, 578–9
Hanover 121, 140, 479, 490, 502, 511, 529
Harcourt, General 139
Hardy, Captain Thomas Masterman 230, 418
Hardy, flag captain 364, 445, 450, 452, 455
Harris, General George 605, 606
Harris, Rifleman Benjamin 616, 620–1
Harrowby, Lord 465
Harvey, Admiral Eliab 210, 216, 217, 275, 448, 636, 638–9
Harvey, Oliver 865
Harvey, Major Robert 420, 696, 698, 706, 707, 711, 717–19, 739, 750, 757, 864–5
Hastings, Warren 613
Haugwitz, Count 515
Haussmann, Baron George-Eugène 491
Haydn, Joseph 666
Hayes, John 210
Hebert, Jacques René 49
Heliopolis, Battle of 327–8
Herbert, John 264
Herbois, Collot d’ 50
Herrasti, General 708
Herrold, Christopher xii
Hesse 121, 140, 462, 507
Hill, Sir Rowland 696, 698, 701, 723, 733, 746, 749, 757, 876, 926
Hoche, General Lazare 30, 82, 149, 156–7, 158, 172, 178, 188, 191, 223–5, 244
Hohenlinden, Battle of 350
Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, Prince 513
Holland 34, 37, 115–18, 121, 126–7, 132, 139–40, 171, 333, 334, 375, 403, 406, 408, 433, 479, 490, 508, 536, 674, 847
Holy Land 311–16
Hompesch, Baron von 254
Hood, Admiral 76, 77, 97, 131, 210, 262, 263, 265, 267, 269, 294, 318, 369, 538, 577
see also Bridport, Lord
Hood, Captain Samuel 272, 289, 432
Hood, Thomas 635
Hoste, Sir William 210
Hotham, Viscount William 210, 219, 269, 369, 905
Houssaye, Henri 887
Howard, Captain 287
Howarth, David 898–9
Howe, Earl 97, 209, 210, 211–13, 214–15, 217–18, 234, 235, 238, 239–40, 242, 265, 270, 452, 591, 926
Howick, Lord see Grey, Earl
Hughes, Admiral Sir Richard 263
Humbert, General 225, 226
the Hundred Days 868–905
Hungary 866
Hutchinson, Lord 220
Hyderabad 605, 609
Imperial Guard 472–3, 893, 895, 896, 901, 902
India 102, 140, 141, 250, 274, 305, 312, 352, 403, 404–5, 433, 434, 523, 530, 582, 589, 604–11
industrial revolution 915
Ingolstadt 663
Innsbruck 633
intelligence
British 273, 274, 532–3, 568–81
French 569, 576–7
Ionian Islands 178, 179, 186, 405, 565
Ireland 172, 189, 220–7, 244, 274, 427–8, 434, 575
Isle d’Yeu 153
Ismail 111
Istria 490, 830
Italy 73, 333, 346, 350, 402, 404–5, 408, 479, 483, 663, 664–5
Austria demands return of possessions in 832
British join fighting in 856
Cisalpine Republic 179, 185–6, 406
fighting in (1814) 842, 847
impact of Napoleon on 916, 917
Napoleon becomes King of 431
Napoleon’s campaign in 161–86
rearguard action in 856
renewed offensive in (1800) 346, 347–8
war in Piedmont 79, 120, 121, 124
Jackson, Francis 145
Jacobins 20, 21, 24, 25–6, 27, 31, 37, 38, 40, 47–55, 69, 77, 81, 124, 131, 296, 335, 337, 338, 344, 345, 354, 356, 388–9, 391, 396, 918
Jaffa 312–15, 316
Jamaica 143, 144, 261, 436, 438
James II, King 9, 56
Jefferson, Thomas 19, 860–1
Jemappes, Battle of 34, 476
Jena-Auerstadt, Battle of 513–15, 824, 835, 902, 923
Jerusalem 311
Jervis, Sir John see St Vincent, Earl
João, Prince 583, 584
John, Archduke 350, 432, 479, 481, 485, 663, 665, 669, 671
Johnson, Samuel 101
Jones, John Gale 727, 730
Joseph II, Emperor 31, 34, 97, 109, 115, 397
Josephine, Empress 153, 156–9, 167–8, 172, 178, 179, 185, 187, 191–2, 251, 309, 334, 335, 389–91, 398, 399, 482, 518, 523–4, 664, 677, 684–8, 856, 868, 912
Joubert, General Barthélemy 176, 336, 912
Joubertoun, Alexandrine 399
Jourdan, Marshal Jean-Baptiste 137, 138, 159, 171, 178, 333, 337, 342, 401, 476, 477, 750, 860, 912
Junot, General Androche 79, 167, 168, 251, 309, 347, 401, 582, 583, 614, 616, 626, 709, 714, 740, 778–9, 802, 912
Kadzand 674
Kalisch, Treaty of 817
&
nbsp; Kaluga 797, 798, 799
Katsbach, Battle of 837
Kaunitz, Count 489
Keate, George 104
Keats, Sir Richard 210
Keith, George Elphinstone, Lord 209, 210, 219, 357–8, 359, 360, 366, 405, 421, 423, 426, 541, 542, 544, 558, 579, 904, 905–6, 908–9
Kelkreuth, Graf von 37
Kellerman, General 124, 165–6, 617, 891, 912
Kersaint 141
Kirrweiler, Battle of 476
Klagenforth 178
Kléber, General Jean-Baptiste 251, 278, 294, 301, 304, 319, 321, 324, 326–8, 569
Knights of St John 249, 254–5, 279, 292
Kosciusko, Thaddeus 134, 516
Kossier 308
Kouno 767
Krasnoi 778, 803
Kray, General Paul 346, 347, 348
Kronstadt 368
Kurakin, Count 764
Kutuzov, General Mikhail 479, 481, 483, 485, 486, 488, 912
Russian campaign 771, 780–1, 783, 784, 785, 787, 793, 794, 797, 798, 799, 801, 803, 805, 810, 811, 813, 816, 817, 825
La Bourdonnais, General 37
La Chalette 124
La Harpe, General 161
La Hove, General 38, 41
La Peña, General Manuel 711, 712
La Revellière-Lépeaux, Louis Marie de 177
La Romana, General 628
Laborde, General 615
Lachenade, Ensign 291–2
Lafayette, Marquis de 351, 860, 871
and American Revolution 10, 17
character and background 16–17
as defender of King 24, 26
rivalry with Dumouriez 30
role in revolution 19, 20, 21, 23–4, 25, 26–7, 336
urges France to war 26, 32, 33
Lafon, Captain 649
Lagrange, General 312
Lamb, Lady Caroline 907
Lambaille, Princess de 27
Landrecies 134
Landshut 663, 664
Langeron, Comte de 113, 912
Lannes, General Jean 401, 482, 484, 486, 487, 513, 514, 525, 624, 664, 668, 912
Laon, Battle of 851–2
Lapisse, General 696
Laplane, Marquis de 64
Larpent, Francis 748
Lascasse, Count 905
Latin America 36, 42, 142, 270, 493–501, 535, 588, 911
Latouche-Tréville, Admirai Louis René de 370, 404, 417, 427, 428
Laugier de Bellecour, Pierre François 63
Lauriston, Jacques-Alexandre 794, 812, 821, 838, 840
Lavery, Brian 214
Le Havre 143
Le Luzerne, Chevalier de 571
League of Neutral Nations 352, 363
Lebrun, Charles 344
Lebrun, Pierre 117
Leclerc, Dermid 404
Leclerc, General Victor Emmanuel 179, 400–1, 403–4, 497
Lefebvre, Marshal François-Joseph 339, 624, 663, 912
Lefebvre, Georges 13–14
Leghorn 168, 169, 296, 359, 360, 542, 543, 856
Leipzig, Battle of 838–41, 842, 903
Leoben, Armistice of 178–9
Leopold II, Emperor 31, 350
Lessart, Claude Antoine Valdec de 32
Lesseps, Ferdinand de 309, 329
Lesseps, Matthieu de 251
Lestocq, General 520
Leuchtenberg, Duchy of 856
Liberalism 109
Liège 33, 116
Ligny, Battle of 878–9, 882–3, 900, 901
Liguria 333, 375, 406, 408
Lille 870
Lincelles 135
Liniers, Santiago de 498, 499, 500
Linois, Admiral 539
Lisbon 538, 583, 614, 615, 617, 620, 627, 631, 696, 704, 713, 730, 749, 864
Lithuania 771, 774, 815
Liverpool, Lord 105, 705, 706, 726, 874, 905, 917, 925
Loano, Battle of 146
Lobau, General Georges Mouton, Comte de 891
Lobau, Island of 666, 667, 668–9
Locker, Captain William 259, 260
Lodi 163, 165, 166
Loison, General 615, 616
Lombardy 184
Lonato 169
Longwy 33
Lorraine 32
Louis XV, King 59
Louis XVI, King 2, 4, 10, 31, 69, 71, 350, 572, 858, 913
and Estates-General 18
first calls for removal of 24
imprisoned in Paris 23
imprisoned in the Temple 27, 28
loss of authority 24, 26
and revolution 18–24
trial and execution of 27–9, 116, 117, 118, 119, 381, 859, 906
Louis XVII (the Dauphin) 29, 34, 859
Louis XVIII, King 32, 130, 191, 335, 337, 393, 574, 857, 858–63, 867, 869–71, 905, 906, 907, 913, 926
leaves Paris 870
Louis, Captain 446
Louis, Prince of Prussia 512
Louis Napoleon see Napoleon III
Louise, Queen of Prussia 512, 514, 515, 528–9
Louisiana 353
Louvais, Battle of 126
Low Countries 33, 140, 403, 492, 631, 632, 672–5, 842, 847
Lowe, Sir Hudson 910, 911
Lübeck 514
Lucas, Captain 450–1
Luneville, Treaty of 350–1, 406, 431
Lutwidge, Captain 258
Lutzen, Battle of 829
Lyon 124
Maastricht 140
Battle of 33, 38, 41
McClynn, Frank xii
MacDonald, Marshal Alexandre 333, 336, 343, 400, 669, 671, 817, 837, 838, 912
Macdonnell, James 889
Macerata 177
McGrigor, Dr James 731, 742
Mack von Lieberich, General Karl 137, 296, 479, 481–2, 483, 659
Mackenzie, A. (spy) 533, 577, 580
Mackinnon, Captain Dan 704
Madras 605
Madrid 584, 613, 619, 620, 624, 628, 699, 702, 722
French evacuate 750
uprising in 586
Wellington takes and loses 740–1, 742, 744–6
Magdeburg 528, 529, 825, 847
Mainz 127, 146, 159, 171, 822
Maitland, Captain 904, 905, 906
Maitland, General Sir Peregrine 894
Malet, General 820
Mallon, Captain 196
Malmesbury, Lord 171–2, 409, 461
Maloyaroslavets, Battle of 797–9
Malta 169, 228, 249, 254–5, 274, 279, 300, 352, 363, 375, 379, 405, 408, 409, 426, 545
Mamelukes 276, 279–80, 282–4, 304, 306–8, 311, 315, 317, 326, 329
Manila 171
Mannheim 146
Mansel, Philip 859, 861–2
Mantua 167, 168, 169, 173, 174, 176, 177, 183
Marabut 299
Marat, Jean-Paul 24, 37, 41, 42, 47, 49, 337
Maratha princes 433, 609–10
Marbeuf Comte de 61, 66, 67
Marbot, Baron 815
Marengo, Battle of 348–51
Maret, Hugues-Bernard 116, 117, 804
Maria, Queen of Portugal 583
Maria Carolina, Queen of Naples 177, 267, 268, 295, 296, 356, 360, 373, 490
Maria Luisa of Parma, Queen of Spain 3, 496, 586
Marie Antoinette, Queen 2, 18, 21, 23, 27, 29, 31, 33, 41, 71–2, 296, 350, 571, 691
Marie Louise of Austria 667–8, 687, 688–91, 707, 830, 853–4, 855, 868, 872, 912, 920
Marie Luisa of Spain, Queen of Etruria 399
Marie-Josephine, Queen of France 858
Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte, Princess Royal 29
Marmont, Marshal August 79, 719–20, 723, 724, 725, 730, 733, 734, 737–8, 739, 838, 849, 852, 853, 860, 912
Marryat, Frederick 565, 644, 650
Marseilles 80, 124, 143, 861
Marshall, John 577–8
Martineau, Harriet 419
Martinique 143, 156, 158, 433, 435, 437, 538, 634, 652
Masonic lodges 14
Mas
séna, Marshal André 161, 176, 333, 343, 346, 347, 348, 349, 401, 483, 490, 613, 663, 664, 667, 670–1, 864, 912
Peninsular War 702, 707–8, 709, 710, 711, 712, 714, 715, 719
Mauberge 130
Mauritius 170, 536
Maury, Abbé 20
Maximilian IV Joseph, Elector of Bavaria 490
Maxis, Alexandre de 64
Mecklenburg, Frederick Louis, Duke of 686
Medina del Rio Seco, Battle of 613
Mediterranean Sea 142, 169–70, 250, 254–6, 273, 286, 294, 405, 426
Mehemet Ali, Khedive 324, 329
Mélas, General Michael 346, 347, 348, 349
Melville, Viscount 94, 128, 133, 138, 209, 430, 497, 560
Méneval, Baron Claude-François de 424–5
Menou, General 153, 278, 294, 299, 304, 322, 326, 327, 328
Mentz 34, 121
merchant class, French 12
Merida 723
Mesmer 14
Metternich, Prince Clement von 530, 623, 654, 656, 658, 689, 831–2, 833, 843, 844, 849, 866, 871, 906, 911, 922
Mexico 588
Middleton, Sir Charles (later Lord Barham) 195, 209, 436, 438, 439, 458
Milan 163–4, 166–7, 172, 400, 431
Milhaud, General Edouard 891
Miller, Captain 321
Millesimo 162
Millet, Private 278, 319–20
Miloradovich, General Mikhail 800–1, 803, 829
Mincio, Battle of the 855–6
Minorca 169, 228, 357, 375, 546, 549, 554, 647
Minsk 771, 772, 803
Miot de Melito, Comte 721
Mirabeau, Comte de 16, 23, 25, 189, 336, 572
Miranda, General Francisco de 34, 35, 36–46, 156, 493–5, 588, 612
Mireur, General 281
Missiessy, Admiral 434, 436
Mitre, General 500
mob, Paris 18–19, 20, 24, 26, 47, 70–1, 71, 337, 914
Modena 167, 172, 184
Moira, Earl of 132, 137, 138, 603
Moldechno 813, 814
Mollendorff, Field Marshal von 512
monarchy, absolute 2, 4, 337, 863
Mondovi 163
Monge, Gaspard 251, 472
Mons 876
Montagnards 40, 42
Montagu, Admiral 213
Montané, Jacques Bernard Marie 41
Montesquieu, General 34
Montevideo 499, 500
Montreau, Battle of 850
Moore, Sir John 268, 328, 579, 588, 592–5, 599, 607, 614, 619–20, 624–32, 702, 926
Morand, General 783
Morard de Galles, Admiral 223
Moreau, General Jean-Victor 171, 178, 305, 333, 336, 343, 347, 348, 350, 391, 392, 394, 400, 471, 476, 477, 912
Moreno, Mariano 500
Mormant, Battle of 850
Mornington, Lord see Wellesley, Richard; Wesley, Garret
Morris, Gouverneur 189
Mortier, Marshal Adolphe-Édouard 788, 796, 860, 912
Moscow
burning of 788–95, 854
French advance on 775–7, 779–80, 787
retreat from 796–804
Moskirch, Battle of 348