by Jill Lepore
37. Ibid., 127, 99, 42, 127.
38. Ibid., 117, 161, 59, 162.
39. Ibid., 116, 96–97.
40. Ibid., 73.
41. Thomas McCormack, telephone interview with author, June 15, 2009.
42. Barbara Metzler, “Cryonics: Is Freezing Bodies Visionary Medicine or the Work of Mad Scientists?,” Associated Press, January 25, 1988.
43. Ettinger, “The Past, Present, and Future, and Everything.” Clarke’s diary entry from March 8, 1965, as reprinted in The Making of 2001: A Space Odyssey, selected by Stephanie Schwam (New York: Modern Library, 2000), 38. “The Playboy Interview: Stanley Kubrick,” Playboy, September 1968, and reprinted in The Making of 2001; quote from 286. Kubrick also believed in the conquest of aging: “Too many people view senile decay, like death itself, as inevitable. It’s nothing of the sort” (289).
44. Robert Ettinger as a guest on The Long John Nebel Show, WNBC Radio, New York, June 14, 1964, as transcribed by the author from an audiotape archived at the Paley Center for Media, New York.
45. Robert C. W. Ettinger, “The Frozen Christian,” Christian Century 82 (1965): 1313–15. And see also R.C.W. Ettinger, “Cryonics and the Purpose of Life,” Christian Century 84 (1967): 1250–53.
46. On Bedford’s freezing in 1967, see Robert F. Nelson as told to Sandra Stanley, with an introduction by Professor R.C.W. Ettinger, We Froze the First Man (New York: Dell, 1968). Ettinger flew to California only after Bedford had been frozen; he gave a press conference. See Christine Quigley, Modern Mummies: The Preservation of the Human Body in the Twentieth Century (Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1998), 140–46.
47. Ettinger, Man into Superman, 226. See also Saul Kent, Future Sex (New York: Morrow, 1974).
48. Sleeper, directed by Woody Allen (1973; Santa Monica, CA: Metro Goldwyn Mayer, 2005), DVD.
49. Ettinger, Man into Superman, 88 (cheese), 64 (flying), 62 (body armor), 117 (penile enhancement). See also Osborn Segerberg Jr., The Immortality Factor (New York: Dutton, 1974).
50. Metzler, “Cryonics.” When Alcor refused to hand over the head to a coroner, six people were handcuffed and taken in for questioning. In the court case that followed, Connie Ettinger filed an amicus brief, and the case was eventually dropped. Robert L. Steinback, “Advocates of Cryonics Undeterred by Naysayers,” Miami Herald, September 21, 2002.
51. Ettinger, Prospect of Immortality, 156.
52. Ettinger, Youniverse, 175.
53. Ben Best, “The Cryonics Institute’s 93rd Patient,” Case Report, http://www.cryonics.org/reports/CI93.html. On preservation techniques, see also Christine Quigley, Modern Mummies, 140–46.
Index
Abbott, Anne Wales
abortifacients, 4.1, 7.1
abortion, prf.1, 1.1, 1.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 9.1, 9.2, nts.1n, nts.2n
late-term
legalized, 7.1, 9.1
opposition to, 7.1, 9.1
Abraham, Laurie
Acheson, Dean
Adams, John
Adler, Renata
adolescence, 3.1, 4.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, nts.1n, nts.2n
duration of, 4.1, 4.2
Graham’s apocalyptic vision of
increasing storminess of, 4.1, 8.1
puberty and, 4.1, 4.2
as science
as stage of life, 4.1, 4.2, 8.1
see also sex education
Adolescence (Hall), 4.1
afterlife, prf.1, 8.1, 9.1, 10.1
ages of man, prf.1, prf.2, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1
aging, prf.1, 3.1; see also old age
ejaculation as cause of
AIDS
Alcor Life Extension Foundation, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, nts.1n
Alder, Susan, 3.1, nts.1n
Aldrin, Edwin
Allen, Woody, 4.1, 10.1
Amazing Stories, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), 2.1, 2.2
American Association of Marriage and Family Therapy
American Birth Control League, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
American Breeders’ Association, 5.1, 5.2
American Home Economics Association
American Institute of Family Relations, 5.1, 5.2
American Library Association
American Society for Psychical Research, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, nts.1n
American Society of Magazine Photographers
Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)
American Weekly, 7.1
Andersen, Hans Christian
anencephalic monsters
Angell, Katharine, see White, Katharine Angell
Anti-Defamation League
Applecroft Kitchen Home Experiment Station
Applied Eugenics (Popenoe and Johnson), 5.1, 5.2
Arendt, Hannah
Are You Fit to Marry?, 5.1
Aristotle, prf.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 4.1
Aristotle’s Master-piece (Anonymous), 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4
Arizona Daily Star, 3.1
Armstrong, Neil
Armstrong, Paul, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, nts.1n, nts.2n
Arrowsmith (Lewis and de Kruif), 7.1
Ashton, Jennifer, 4.1, 4.2
Ashurst, Henry
Asimov, Isaac
Aubrey, John, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4
Baby Bollinger case
“Baby Doe” case
Bacon, Francis, itr.1
Bailey, Jacqui
Bean, Robert Bennett, 5.1, 5.2
Bechtel, Louise Seaman, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
NYPL lecture of, 3.1, nts.1n–2n
Beck, Glenn
Bedford, James, 10.1, nts.1n
Beecher, Catherine
Beecher, Henry Ward, 4.1, 8.1
Bell, J. H., 5.1, 5.2
Benedict, Ruth
Best, Ben, 10.1, 10.2
Bethlehem Steel Works, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4
Better Times, 7.1, 7.2
Bigelow, Jacob, itr.1
Binet, Alfred, 5.1, 5.2
birth control, see contraception
Birth Control Federation of America
Birth Control Review, 7.1
Birth of a Baby, The, 3.1
“Birth of an Adult, The” (White)
Birth of Mankind, The, 1.1
Blackmun, Harry
Black Stork, The, 5.1
Blankenhorn, David
board games, prf.1, itr.1, 1.1, 3.1
ancient Southeast Asian
by mapmakers, itr.1
spiral race, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3
square board race, itr.1, itr.2
Boas, Franz, 5.1, 5.2, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
body politic, 1.1, 1.2, 4.1, 4.2, 9.1
Body Scoop for Girls, The (Ashton), 4.1
Boies, David
Bollinger family
Bookman, 3.1
Borden, Gail
Boston Central Labor Union
Boston Public Library (BPL)
Bradley, Daniel, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3
Bradley, Hannah, itr.1, itr.2
Bradley, Jonathan
Bradley, Joseph
Bradley, Lewis, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3, 4.1
Bradley, Milton, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 8.1, nts.1n, nts.2n
Bradley family, itr.1, itr.2
Bradstreet, Anne
brain death
Brandeis, Louis
background of
labor unions supported by, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5
railroad freight rates and, 6.1, 6.2, nts.1n
on Supreme Court
Taylor’s memorial service speech of, 6.1, 6.2
Brandt, Karl, 9.1, 9.2
Brave New World (Huxley), 1.1, 1.2, 2.1
breast-feeding, 2.1, 4.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 7.1, 10.1
by African women
benefits conferred by
bottle feeding vs., 2.1, 2.2
as civic duty
Congress and, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4
as human right
infants’ purported feelings about, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3
>
initiation rate of
insufficient production for, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3
processed infant foods and, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4
as public health issue
by wet nurses, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6
workplace and, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3
Breastfeeding Promotion Act (proposed), 2.1, 2.2
breast milk
cow’s milk vs.
letdown of
as medicine, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3
milk banks for, 2.1, 2.2
on-demand supply of
scientific research on
as “species-specific,” 33
synthetic formulas vs., 2.1, 2.2
taxonomy and, 2.1, 2.2
breast milk, expressed, 2.1, 2.2
legal regulation of, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3
and workplace accommodations
breast pumps, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 6.1, 6.2
manufacturers of, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3
tax breaks for, 2.1, 2.2
breast shields
Brewster, William
Brissot, J. P.
Brooklin Library, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
Buchanan, Patrick
Buck, Carrie and Emma, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
Buckley, William, Jr.
Buck v. Bell, 5.1, 5.2
Bunyan, John, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3, 8.1
Burtch, George
Bush, George H. W.,
Calderone, Mary Steichen
California, 2.1, 5.1, 7.1
cryonics in
forced sterilization law of, 5.1, 5.2
proposed Natural Death Act of
2008 Proposition 8 of, 5.1, 5.2
Call, 7.1
Campbell, Alexander, , nts.1n
Cappello, Dominic
Carlyle, Thomas
Carnegie, Andrew, 3.1, 3.2
Carnegie Human Embryo Collection
Case for Legalized Abortion Now, The (Guttmacher, ed.), 7.1
Castle, W. E.
Catcher in the Rye, The (Salinger), 3.1
Celestial Bed
Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 2.1, 2.2
“Cerebral Library, The” (Keller), 10.1, 10.2
Chang, Min Chueh
Charles I, King of England, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
Charlotte’s Web (White), 3.1
Cheaper by the Dozen (Gilbreth and Carey), 6.1
Checkered Game of Life board game, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3, itr.4, nts.1n
invention of, itr.1, itr.2
rules of, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3
chess, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3
Chess Players, The; Or, The Game of Life (Retzsch), itr.1
childbirth, 2.1, 10.1
in hospitals, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 6.1, 7.1
premature, 2.1, 2.2, 9.1
risk of death in
stork myth of, 2.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1
childhood, prf.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 8.1
as constitutional right
discovery of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
Childhood’s End (Clarke), 1.1
children’s libraries, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 4.1, 4.2
see also Moore, Anne Carroll
children’s literature
golden age of, 4.1, 4.2
illustrators of, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1
Middle Ages and
reviews of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6
about sex, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8
suitability issue of
see also Stuart Little
Child’s Friend, itr.1
China, xviii
Chutes and Ladders board game, xvii
Civil Rights Act (1964)
Civil War, American, itr.1, itr.2, 8.1, 9.1
Clark, Jonas, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
Clarke, Arthur C., 1.1, 10.1
Clarke, Dorus
Clark University, 1.1, 5.1, 5.2, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, nts.1n
Clinton, DeWitt
Coburn, Daniel, 9.1, 9.2
Coché, Judith
Cocks, Jay
computer dating
“Confessions of an Amateur Mother” (Crossley), 7.1, 7.2
Congress, U.S., 1.1, 6.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5
anti-immigration legislation by
breast-feeding and, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4
contraception and, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 9.1
Conquest of a Continent, The (Grant), 5.1
Conquest of Disease, The (Rice), 7.1
Conservation of the Family, The
(Popenoe), 5.1
contraception (birth control), 4.1, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2
Congress and, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 9.1
as “family planning,” 131, 7.1, 7.2
illegality of, 7.1, 7.2
legal cases on, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
methods of, 1.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7.1; see also abortion
see also Sanger, Margaret
“Corpse That Lived, The” (Skinner)
Cotton, Nathaniel, itr.1
Cowley, Malcolm
Crossley, Stella, 7.1, 7.2
Crowninshield, Frank, n
CryoCare
cryonics (cryogenic suspension), prf.1, prf.2, 1.1, 10.1
Cold War and
efficacy of
lost dead vs., 10.1, 10.2, 10.3
methods of
neuropreservation (severed heads) in, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, nts.1n, nts.2n
overpopulation as danger of
pioneering efforts in
rejuvenation in, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3
scientific plausibility of
Cryonics Institute (CI), 10.1, 10.2, 10.3
cease-and-desist order filed against, 10.1, nts.1n
cost of
facilities of, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3
location of
members of, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5
practices of, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, nts.1n–2n
rivals of, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6
storeroom of, 10.1, 10.2
Cryonics Society of California
Curse of Bigness, The (Brandeis), 6.1
Daedalus (Haldane), 1.1, 5.1
Daly, Charles
Darrow, Clarence, 5.1, 5.2
Darwin, Charles, prf.1, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 8.1
Darwin, Erasmus, 2.1, 2.2
Davis, Bette
Davis, Jefferson
Day of a Godly Man’s Death Better Than the Day of His Birth, The (Foxcroft), prf.1
death:
books about
brain
in childbirth
definitions of
in infancy, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1
in intensive care units, 9.1, 9.2
masturbation as cause of
prenatal, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
scientific defeat of, 8.1, 8.2
spiritual
by suicide, itr.1, itr.2, 10.1, nts.1n–2n
Death Doctors, The (Mitscherlich and Mielke), 9.1, nts.1n
de Brunhoff, Jean
Declaration of Independence, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3
Defense Department, U.S.
Defense of Marriage Act (1996)
de Graaf, Regnier
de Kruif, Paul, 7.1, 10.1, 10.2
Dennett, Mary Ware
Denny, Frances Parkman
Descent of Man, The (Darwin), 2.1
Dollard, Annie, 3.1, 3.2
Doubleday, 10.1, 10.2
Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan
Drake, Francis
Dred Scott v. Sandford, 9.1
Dr. Strangelove, 1.1, 10.1, 10.2
Drucker, Peter
DuBois, W.E.B., 5.1, 7.1
Duff, Raymond, , nts.1n
Dunn, L. C.,
ectogenesis, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 10.1
Edelin, Kenneth
Edwards, Jonathan, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
“Efficiency by Consent” (Brandeis), 6.1, 6.2
Egg and I, The (MacDonald), 7.1
eggs, prf.1, 1.1, 1.2, 4.1, 4.2
in Brave New World Hatchery, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1
chicken, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 4.1, 4.2
/>
fertilized, constitutional rights of
mammalian, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
in sex education
Eggs of Mammals, The (Pincus), 1.1
Egypt, itr.1
ancient, itr.1, 1.1
Ehrlich, Paul
Eichmann, Adolf, 9.1, 9.2
Eichmann in Jerusalem (Arendt), 9.1
Eisenhower, Dwight
Elders, Joycelyn
Elements of Technology (Bigelow), itr.1
Eliot, Charles, 6.1, 6.2
Emberly, Michael
Emerging Republican Majority, The (Phillips), 7.1
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, itr.1
Émile (Rousseau), 2.1, 4.1
Enlightenment, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 9.1
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
ergonomics
Ettinger, Robert C. W., prf.1, 1.1, 10.1
background of
death of
Freezer Era launched by, 10.1, 10.2, nts.1n
photo albums of
publications of, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5
science fiction as inspiration of, 10.1, 10.2
sexual fantasies of
suicide plans of, 10.1, nts.1n
wives of, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3
in World War II, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4
see also Cryonics Institute
“Eugenics Cult, The” (Darrow)
eugenics movement, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2, 9.1, 10.1
birth control and, 7.1, 7.2
blacks and, 5.1, 5.2
critics of
decline of
forced sterilization in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6
Gilbreth’s children in
immigration restriction in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
intelligence testing in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
Nazi, 5.1, 9.1
normal family in, 5.1, 5.2
political orientation of, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1
poverty and
Progressivism and, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
race suicide feared by, 5.1, 7.1
racial segregation instituted by
racial theories in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 7.1
social Darwinism in
social welfare programs opposed by, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 7.1
women’s education opposed by
evolution, prf.1, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
genetic psychology and, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, nts.1n, nts.2n
natural selection in, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1
Fabricius, Hieronymus, 1.1, 1.2
“Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar, The” (Poe)
Fairley, George E. A.
Falwell, Jerry
Family and Medical Leave Act (1993)
Fatigue Study (L. Gilbreth), 6.1
feeble-mindedness, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 9.1
Ferrell, Will
fertility rate, prf.1, 4.1, 6.1, 7.1
Fielding, Henry
Fischer, David Hackett
Foley, Samuel J.
food, 8.1, nts.1n