45 Eutrophication is the process through which water bodies receive excess nutrients that stimulate excessive plant growth.
46 See, among others, Elinor Ostrom. 1999. “Coping with Tragedies of the Commons.” Annual Review of Political Science 2: 493-535; and Elinor Ostrom. 2000. “Private and Common Property Rights.” In Boudewijn Bouckaert and Gerrit De Geest (eds.). Encyclopedia of Law and Economics. Edward Elgar, pp. 332–379.
47 Peter M. Kjellingbro and Maria Skotte. 2005. Environmentally Harmful Subsidies. Linkages between Subsidies, the Environment and the Economy. Environmental Assessment Institute http://imv.net.dynamicweb.dk/ Admin/Public/Download.aspx?file=files/filer/rapporter/diverse/harmful_subsidies.pdf; OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). 2006. Subsidy Reform and Sustainable Development: Economic, Environmental and Social Aspects. OECD. Partly available at http://www.oecd.org/document/1/0,2340,en26493742 5365 6691311137425,00.html .
Conclusion
1 The “great grandmother” line was made most famous by Michael Pollan in his various writings, such as in his In Defense of Food http://michaelpollan.com/books/in-defense-of-food/ While neither of us has met any of our great grandmothers, one of our grandmothers was rather fond of processed foods and the availability of fresh produce in the middle of the Canadian winter.
2 To give but one case among a multitude of others, the mongooses once brought to Hawaii to control imported rats quickly developed a taste for native birds. Of course, sometimes events played out the other way, with a local pest discovering a particular fondness for an imported crop. A case in point is the Colorado potato beetle, an insect native to the Rocky Mountains which had previously thrived on the leaves of local wild plants.
3 Software specifically designed to help manage organic Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) schemes have long been part of the food activist’s toolkit while a new “locavore” iPhone application had become available as we were beginning to write this book.
4 Paul Johnson. 2007. Intellectuals: From Marx and Tolstoy to Sartre and Chomsky , HarperCollins, p. 391.
5 Winston Churchill. 1946. Address to Westminster College http://www.historyplace.com/speeches/ironcurtain.htm.
INDEX
Accountability
Accum, Friedrich Christian
Activists (local food)
assumption made by
environmental misconceptions and
nineteenth century
Adams, Edward E.
Additives
Adulterations (food)
Aerial bombing
Affordability
Africa
See also specific places
Agri-business
changing human body and
Agricultural economists
Agricultural production
urban land and
value per worker
See also Production (food)
Agricultural resilience
Agricultural service cooperatives
Agriculture
cities and productivity of high-yield
history of
invention of
modern
Native American contributions to
no-till
profitability of
supplies
See also Community-supported agriculture; Subsistence agriculture
Ahlgrimm, Franz
Air freight
Alcohol(table)
Alcott, Bronson
Allied Blockade
Altman, Lynda
Alwang, Jeffrey
American Dutch Utopia
American Farmland Trust
Animal
by-products(fig.)
manure
See also Livestock
Animal, Vegetable, Miracle: A Year of Food Life (Kingsolver)
Animal production
in proximity to city
railway and
semen and embryos
See also specific products
Annals of Rural Bengal (Hunter)
Apples
grades
pesticides
production
Aristotle
Arthashastra (treatise)
Arthurdale, West Virginia
Athens
Autarky
food security and
Smith, A., on
Avery, Dennis
Backward integration
Bailey, Ronald
Bananas
Gros Michel
Barber, Andrew
Bastiat, Frédéric
Battle for Grain
Baudeau, Nicolas
Bauerlein, Monika
Bell, Beverly
Bengal, India
The Better Angels of Our Nature (Pinker)
Biodiversity
Biosphere 2 project
Biotechnology
Bittman, Mark
Black markets
Blemishes
Bloom, Leah
Blumenthal, Gary
Boin, Caroline
Book of Genesis
Book of Revelation
Born, Branden
Boudreaux, Donald
Bourdain, Anthony
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)
Brands (food)
Brandt, Karl
Bread(table)
British Columbia
Broken Window Fallacy
Brook Farm Institute of Agriculture and Education
Brown, Sherrod
BSE. See Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Budiansky, Stephen
Bunker fuel
Burke, Edmund
Butchers
Butchers’ National Protective Association in Saint Louis
Butter(table)
Buy local campaigns
CAFO. See Concentrated animal feeding operations
Cahokia Mounds
California strawberries
Calories
cheap
intake of
Campylobacter jejuni
Canada
Cancer
Cane sugar
Cantaloupes
CAP. See Common Agricultural Policy
Carson, Rachel
Cato the Elder
Chambliss, Saxby
Cheese(table)
Chefs, elite status of professional
Chicago meat-packing district
China
economic growth
Han
Churchill, Winston
City
agricultural productivity
in developing counties
development and economic growth
edge
food production in proximity to
inner
population percent living in
surface area of
trade and green
See also Urbanization
Cleveland, David
Cliffe Leslie, Thomas Edward
Climate change
food security and
trade and
Climate criminals
Climatic trends
Coal
Cockran, William Bourke
Cocoa(table)
Coffee(table)
Collingwood, Henry W.
Collinsville, Illinois
Columbian exchange
Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus
Commodities
boards
nonedible agricultural
sold in London(table)
Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)
Communication technologies
Community-supported agriculture (CSA)
pitfalls of
Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs)
Condiments(table)
Consistency
Consumer
behavior
poor
producer-, relationship
standards of living and
transportation
Consumption
<
br /> energy
European substitutions during military blockades
expenditures
local
of meat products
per capita in Denmark
of protein, vitamins, and minerals
unsustainable
Convenience
Conventional produce nutrition
Cooke, Morris Llewellyn
Cooperatives
agricultural service
Cork, Ireland
Corn
Belt
Corporate welfare
Countermeasures, Agricultural
Crago, Linda
Critser, Greg
Cronon, William
Crop
diversification
failures
staple American
See also specific crop types
Cropland
Crunchy Cons (Dreher)
CSA. See Community-supported agriculture
Danish bacon
Davis, Mark
Deficiencies
Deforestation
DEFRA. See Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
DeGregori, Thomas R.
Demand
Denmark
consumption per capita
during World War II
Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)
Despommier, Dickson
Detroit, Michigan
Developing counties
cities in
exports and
Diet
balancing
choice
ethical vegans
100-mile
politics and
unhealthy
vegetarian
DiLorenzo, Thomas
Disaster relief
Disease
livestock and
monoculture and
Distribution networks
Diversification
economic
of food options
monocultures versus
See also Biodiversity
Division of labor
geographical
monocultures and
Dodd, George
Domestication
“Don’t End Agricultural Subsidies. Fix Them!” (Bittman)
Dreher, Rod
Drought
E. coli
O157:
O157:H7
Easterbrook, Greg
Eclogues (Virgil)
Ecofeminism
Economic development
in China
city development and
Economics
argument for local component of SOLE
diversity
local food during depression
trade-offs in
Economies of scale
in food safety
small producers
Economists
agricultural
good versus bad
Edessa
Edge cities
Eggs(table)
large operations
Empire Marketing Board
Employment
on farms in U.S.
local
Energy
consumption
forecasts
Engels, Friedrich
Entrepreneurship
Environmental argument, for local component of SOLE
Environmental misconceptions
Erosion, trade and
Essay on the Principles of Population as it Affects the Future Improvement of Society (Malthus)
Estabrook, Barry
Ethical vegans
Ettlinger, Steve
Europe
biotechnology and
food politics
Irish potato famine and
production and consumption substitutions in
Western Medieval
See also specific places
Eutrophication
Exports
developing counties and
food safety and
oriented systems
prohibitions on
Faegri, Knut
Faith, Nicholas
Famine
coping with
Irish potato
in Japan
price controls and
FAO. See Food and Agriculture Organization
Farm advisory services
“Farmer in Chief” (Pollan)
Farmers’ Market
food safety
pitfalls of
sales at
Farm-to-institution programs
Farm-to-school programs
FCI. See Food Corporation of India
Fedoroff, Nina
Fertilizers
phosphate
synthetic
Fire
Fish(table)
Fogel, Robert W.
Fonterra
Food
adulterations
budget
commodities sold in London (table)
consumption expenditures
critic’s elite status
diversity
fads
fortification of
governmental purchasing of
grades
handling behaviors
junk
patriotism
politics in Europe
reserves, government-run
sovereignty
standards
two-class system
See also Activists (local food); Brands (food); Global food supply chain; History, of food; Perishable food; Price (food); Production (food)
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Food Corporation of India (FCI)
Food Inc. (movie)
Food miles
consumer behavior and
LCA analysis(table)
production versus transportation
storage and seasonality
transportation mode versus load and
Food policy
CAP
counterproductive
stopgap
Food safety
argument for local component of SOLE
crisis
economies of scale in
exports and
in foreign countries
Pollan and
prior to synthetic methods
regulations
in retail sector
scientific research and
technologies
Food security
agricultural resilience and
argument for local component of SOLE
autarky and
Baudeau on
climate change and
food sovereignty and
government-managed food and
income and
long distance trade and
military security and
overspecialization and
peak oil and
railway
third horseman and
Food shortage
capacity to overcome, by 2050
See also Famine; Hunger
Food waste
product standardization and
reduction
transportation developments and
Foodborne illness
media coverage
prevention
in U.S.
See also Disease; specific cases
Foodiots
Foodshed
Foot and mouth disease
Foraging
Foreign oil dependence
Forest
expansion
transition
Fortification, of food
Forward integration
Fossil fuels, beyond
France
“ (Parisian farmers); Parisian truck farmers
Franklin, Benjamin
Fraser, Evan
Free trade
Freshness
See also Perishable food
Fruitlands
Fumigants
Furuno, Takao
Gardening
hobby
rooftop
wartime
Gardner, Bruce
Garnsey, Peter
GDP. Gross Domestic Product
Genetic solutions
Geographical origins
agricultural specialization and
balancing diets
division of labor and
latitude and
standardization and
See also Specialization, regional
Geopolitics
Germany
Allied Blockade against
in Denmark during World War II
1913
Ghezzi, Patti
GIAHS. Globally-imported ingenious agricultural heritage systems
Glaeser, Edward
Global food supply chain
history of
human body transformations and
initiatives for local
Globalization
critics of
of food supply chain
Globally-imported ingenious agricultural heritage systems (GIAHS)
Gould, David
Government
food purchasing
intervention
leaders
managed food and food security
run reserves
Gráda, Cormac Ó
Grades (food)
Graff, Gordon
Grain(table)
Battle for
Grain ( )
government-purchased
producing states
reserves
Grapes
Great grandmother
Great Leap Forward
Greater Toronto
Green cities
Green peas, ripening periods
Greenbelt
Greenhouse gas emissions
air freight
consumer behavior and
production transportation
seasonality and storage
transportation mode load
Gros Michel bananas
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Haiti
Han China
Hardy, Thomas
Harrison, Harry
Harte, William
Hawaii
Hayes, Peter
Health
Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act
Height
nutrition and
Herbal remedies
Herbert, Claude-Jacques
High-yield agriculture
History, of food
agriculture
global supply chain
of government intervention
local food initiatives
meatpacking
Hitier, Henri
Hobby gardening
Hobson, John Atkinson
Hoefner, Ferd
Holden, Patrick
Homogecene
Hongerwinter 1944–1945
Hoover, Herbert
Horse Association of America
Howe, Frederic Clemson
Huber, Peter W.
Human body
The Locavore's Dilemma Page 29