by Pat Shipman
“Dearest Marina” SHAT, pièce 182, 23 February 1917.
“completely astonished” Ibid.
“She asked me simply” SHAT, pièce 336, 19 May 1917.
Bouchardon ordered an analysis SHAT, pièce 127, 23 February and 10 April 1917.
Bouchardon called Mata Hari in SHAT, pièce 368, 24 February 1917.
“REJET” SHAT, pièce 135, 26 February 1917.
Germans could read the French ciphers SHAT, pièce 369, 28 February 1917.
“Please I beg you” SHAT, R 3, n.d.
He wrote a very reasoned SHAT, pièce 273, 5 March 1917.
he wrote a very similar letter SHAT, pièce 274, 7 March 1917.
“At the time of the examination” SHAT, pièce 130, 10 March 1917.
his disdain for her immoral See, e.g., Wheelwright, Fatal, 74.
oxycyanide of mercury SHAT, pièce 128, 10 April 1917.
both potions could be diluted Ibid.
Mata Hari sent an undated note SHAT, pièce 372, n.d.
“No, I absolutely did not” SHAT, pièce 373, 12 March 1917.
“I receive pitiful letters” SHAT, pièce 275, 16 March 1917.
“I cried from fear” SHAT, R 4, n.d. 297 The military governor SHAT, pièce 136, 16 March 1917.
“physiologically depressed” SHAT, pièce 276, 16 March 1917.
a pleading letter SHAT, pièce 138, 23 March 1917.
Clunet petitioned SHAT, pièce 277, 26 March 1917.
The terse second opinion SHAT, pièce 131, 26 March 1917.
298 “without regard to their rank”; “was organized”; and “a number of indications” SHAT, pièce 233, 2 April 1917.
“It was very shortly” Ibid.
Chapter 18 Suffering
“After studying the question” SHAT, SDR 12, 4 April 1917; see also SDR 9, 11 April 1917.
“I beg you” SHAT, pièce 284, letter, 6 April 1917.
Another appeal for provisional liberty SHAT, pièce 140, 10 April 1917.
Loudon sent a telegram John Loudon to Dutch legation, Paris, and Paris legation to Loudon, 23 April 1917, Ministerie von Buitenlandse Zaken, Archives of the Embassy at Paris, 1866–1940, no. 1306 (“Mata Hari”), Algemeen Rijksarchief, The Hague.
“Our question should not” SHAT, pièce 399, 12 April 1917.
“The fact that I had relations” Ibid.
“I assure you” Ibid.
“I am very astonished” SHAT, R 6, n.d.
Her toilet articles SHAT, pièce 402, 14 April 1917.
“As for the three officers” SHAT, pièce 278, 13 April 1917.
she wrote to him again SHAT, pièce 231, 13 April 1917.
“I have asked you” SHAT, pièce 282, n.d.
Clunet forwarded to Bouchardon SHAT, pièce 286, 17 April 1917.
“I am very grateful” SHAT, pièce 288, n.d.
“I must insist” SHAT, pièce 289, 23 April 1917.
“I thank you very much” SHAT, pièce 294, n.d.
open and dangerous mutiny Jamie H. Cockfield, With Snow on their Boots: The Tragic Odyssey of the Russian Expeditionary Force in France during World War I (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1998), 115–200.
Chapter 19 Telegrams and Secrets
In his report to Dubail SHAT, pièce 235, 12 April 1917.
However, he sent transcripts of only nine Russell Warren Howe, Mata Hari: The True Story (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1986), 139–41, 165–71. Howe’s analysis of these telegrams is persuasive; apparently both the numbers and contents of the telegrams were changed over time.
“Agent H21 from the intelligence office” SHAT, pièce 236, pièce 235, app. 1, 31 December 1916.
Kalle asked for instructions Ibid.
On April 29 she wrote SHAT, pièce 195, 29 April 1917.
“the most audacious comedy” SHAT, pièce 403, 1 May 1917.
“Von Kalle can say” Ibid.
Bouchardon…initiated inquiries and received confirmation of the arrest SHAT, pièce 251, 3/31 May 1917.
he had a right to see her entire dossier SHAT, SDR 13, 4 May 1917.
could not be trusted SHAT, SDR 14, 5 May 1917.
Jullien responded SHAT, SDR 15, 5 May 1917.
“The frightful women” SHAT, pièce 297, n.d.
“This is what I will ask” SHAT, pièce 299, 10 May 1917.
On May 15 she wrote again SHAT, pièce 300, 15 May 1917.
“It has been three months”; “I beg you, my captain”; and “Captain Ladoux was wrong” SHAT, pièce 302, 15 May 1917.
“The brusque change” SHAT, pièce 304, 15 May 1917.
“That which I have feared” SHAT, pièce 133, n.d.
“serious physical affliction”; “an extremely nervous temperament”; and “One does not observe” SHAT, pièce 134, 24 May 1917.
“I have decided” SHAT, pièce 404, 21 May 1917.
“render them a service” and repayment for the valuable furs Ibid.
“Whom have you served?” Ibid.
“flirted not at all badly” SHAT, pièce 149, 9 May 1917.
“Mata Hari never asked” Ibid.
after being warned by a friend Ibid.
she had not seemed sick SHAT, pièce 159, 19 May 1917.
it was not gentlemanly SHAT, pièce 404, 21 May 1917.
Chapter 20 The Lowest Circle of Hell
“We have recorded your confession” SHAT, pièce 405, 22 May 1917.
“You cannot simply” Ibid.
“Captain Ladoux promised me” and “The captain was more affirmative”; “I didn’t dare”; “One cannot give a mission”; “I said nothing”; and “We must make clear” Ibid.
“The case was perfectly clear” Pierre Bouchardon, Souvenirs (Memoirs) (Paris: Albin Michel, 1954), 31.
“My absolute conviction” SHAT, pièce 146, 4 May 1917.
“A man of Colonel” SHAT, pièce 406, 23 May 1917.
She begged Ladoux SHAT, pièce 265, 24 May 1917.
To Bouchardon, she wrote SHAT, pièces 306 and 307, 24 May 1917.
Mata Hari’s sense that Denvignes Philippe Collas, Mata Hari: Sa véritable histoire (Mata Hari: Her True Story) (Paris: Plon, 2003), 396.
“I have nothing to say” and “I am not guilty” SHAT, pièce 407, 30 May 1917.
“Captain Ladoux…understands” SHAT, pièce 267, 31 May 1917.
“You can menace me” SHAT, pièce 269, 31 May 1917.
Clunet sent another SHAT, pièce 308, 3 June 1917; pièce 313, 8 June 1917.
“There is still something” SHAT, pièce 312, 5 June 1917.
“To forget that she was” Pierre Bouchardon, Journal Excelsior, 2 August 1919.
On June 9, Clunet’s appeal SHAT, pièce 141, 9 June 1917.
Inspector Curnier compiled SHAT, pièce 218, 10 June 1917.
on June 27 she received SHAT, R 12, 27 June 1917; pièce 320, 14 June 1917; pièce 323, 21 May 1917; and pièce 324, 23 May 1917.
“I have the impression” Mata Hari to Dutch consulate in Paris, 22 June 1917, Ministerie von Buitenlandse Zaken, Archives of the Embassy at Paris (“Mata Hari”), Algemeen Rijksarchief, The Hague.
“a case of en flagrant délit” Bouchardon, Souvenirs, 311.
“As the situation is now” SHAT, pièce 414, 21 June 1917.
Chapter 21 The Kangaroo Court
“descended on the Grand Hotel” SHAT, pièce 422, 24 June 1917.
“a formidable adversary” and “after freshening up” Ibid.
“Her long stories” SHAT, pièce 422, 24 June 1917.
spies can rarely be convicted Butch Hodgson, FBI agent, to author verbally, 1992.
“One can see that a woman” SHAT, pièce 422, 24 June 1917.
“1. Entered the entrenched” Ibid.
“one …just one for me?” SHAT, R 11, 25 June 1917.
She also begged him SHAT, R 1, n.d.
“Over the weeks…she wrote Mornet” SHAT, R 12, 27 June 1917; R 13, 30 June 1917; R 14, 2 July 1917; R 26 and R 25, 3 July 1917; R 16, 5 July 1917; R 20, 6 July
1917; R 27, 8 July 1917.
It is shocking SHAT, R 9, n.d.
“I am scandalously malnourished” SHAT, R 19, 6 July 1917.
there had been a number of articles Ministry of Foreign Affairs, telegram to Edouard Clunet, 30 June 1917; Ministerie von Buitenlandse Zaken, Archives of the Embassy at Paris, 1866–1940, no. 1306 (“Mata Hari”), Algemeen Rijksarchief, The Hague.
her blouse was rather low-cut F. Belle, “Mata Hari Condamnée à Mort” (“Mata Hari Condemned to Death”), Le Gaulois (The Gallic), 26 July 1917; and Emile Massard, Les Espionnes à Paris: La Vérité sur Mata Hari (The Spies of Paris: The Truth about Mata Hari) (Paris: Albin Michel, 1922), 36.
Yet she still walked like a dancer Belle, “Condamnée.”
Vadime was among the wounded Léon Schirmann, Mata-Hari: Autopsie d’une machination (Autopsy of a Fix) (Paris: Éditions Italiques, 2001), 295, citing SHAT 16N 210 S5, Liste des blessés du 1er régiment russe (List of wounded of the First Russian Regiment), 104.
unpopular officers had been attacked Details of the mutiny from Susan Everett, The Great War (Greenwich, Conn.: Dorset Press, 1980), 164–70.
The Russian troops Jamie H. Cockfield, With Snow on Their Boots: The Tragic Odyssey of the Russian Expeditionary Force in France during World War I (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1998), 100ff., 112.
Mata Hari faced seven men SHAT, unmarked pièce, 24 July 1917, Jugement 570, Article 140 du Code de Justice Militaire, minute de jugement, formule no. 16, no. 2793 d’ordre: date du crime or du délit, 1915–1916–1917 (Judgment 570, Article 140 of the Code of Military Justice, minute of judgment, formula no. 16, no. 2793 of the order: date of crime or offense, 1915–1916–1917).
“On what is this person” Massard, Espionnes, 94–95, quoting Jean Chatin to Emile Massard, n.d.
Bouchardon’s report Schirmann, Autopsie, 190.
“one of the most dangerous” SHAT, pièce 169, 24 May 1917.
“The evil that this woman has done” Massard, Espionnes, 36.
Jules Cambon Sam Waagenaar, Mata Hari (New York: Appleton-Century, 1965), 274–75; Schirmann, in Autopsie, 192, does not believe that Cambon testified. Since there is no official record of the trial, the truth is impossible to determine.
“Andrée Messimy, née Bonaparte” SHAT, pièce 435, 23 July 1917.
Louis Malvy…whose subsequent political Julie Wheelwright, The Fatal Lover: Mata Hari and the Myth of Women in Espionage (London: Collins & Brown, 1992), 131–32; Schirmann, Autopsie, 191; and “Scandal Obliterated,” Time, 3 May 1926.
“Madame did not ask” and “We spoke of art” Massard, Espionnes, 52–53.
“a siren with strangely” and “My defense is” Ibid., 58.
“It is frightful” Ibid., 58–59.
she cannot have passed Kalle Schirmann, Autopsie, 123–24.
She repeated this story to an Allied PRO MI5 KV2/1, Cazeaux report, 15 December 1916.
“In the name of the People of France” SHAT, unmarked pièce, 24 July 1917, No. 2793 d’Ordre de Jugement (article 151 du Code du Justice militaire), Jugment Exécutoire de Condamnation (number 2793 of the Order of Judgment (article 151 of the Code of Military Justice), Executory Judgment of Sentence).
335.65 francs Ibid.
“It’s impossible!” “Gazette des Tribunaux” (Gazette of the Courts), Le Figaro, 26 July 1917; and Le Matin (The Morning), 25 July 1917.
“a sinister Salome” Maurice de Waleffe, “Après le châtiment de l’espionne” (After the punishment of the spy), Le Journal, 27 July 1917.
Chapter 22 Waiting
Sister Léonide brought her Sam Waagenaar, Mata Hari (New York: Appleton-Century, 1965), 282.
“I cannot stand it” Léon Bizard, Souvenirs d’un médecin de Saint-Lazare (Memoirs of a doctor at Saint-Lazare) (Paris: Albin Michel, 1923), 45.
all her letters were read SHAT, SDR 28, 11 September 1917.
On August 17 her appeal Décision du Conseil Permanent de Révision de Paris (Decision of the Permanent Council of Appeals of Paris), 17 August 1917.
“Here, I am without defense” SHAT, R 31, 10 September 1917.
Milhaud’s letters SHAT, SDR 24, 29 August 1917; SDR 27, 6 September 1917.
one of the most outrageous letters SHAT, SDR 39, 11 October 1917, 539.
“repugnant” SHAT, SDR 40, 15 October 1917.
beg for a presidential pardon Mata Hari to Ridder van Stuers, 22 September 1917, Ministerie von Buitenlandse Zaken, Archives of the Embassy at Paris, 1866–1940, no. 1306 (“Mata Hari”), Algemeen Rijksarchief, The Hague.
Poincaré never granted Julie Wheelwright, The Fatal Lover: The Myth of Women in Espionage (London: Collins & Brown, 1992), 95.
“In the theater world” SHAT, R 45, 14 October 1917.
The order for her execution SHAT, SDR 46, 14 October 1917.
A tender story of dubious accuracy Bizard, Médecin, 98; Albert Morain, The Underworld of Paris: Secrets of the Sûreté (London: Jarrold, 1930), 224; and Emile Massard, Espionnes à Paris: La Vérité sur Mata Hari (The Spies of Paris: The Truth about Mata Hari) (Paris: Albin Michel, 1922), 63.
Chapter 23 Dying Well
Her hated interrogator Sam Waagenaar, Mata Hari (New York: Appleton-Century, 1965), 290–94.
A story from The Little Parisian Le Petit Parisien, 16 October 1917.
Hurriedly she wrote three SHAT, R 53, 9 February 1918, and R 52, 31 January 1918; letter from Pastor Arboux.
“Do not cry” and “Besides, you will come” Julie Wheelwright, The Fatal Lover: The Myth of Women in Espionage (London: Collins & Brown, 1992), 97–98.
“All these people!” and “What a success!” Albert Morain, The Underworld of Paris: Secrets of the Sûreté (London: Jarrold, 1930), 225.
from the Fourth Regiment of Zouaves SHAT, SDR 48, 15 October 1917; M. Georges Godot, “La mort de Mata Hari” (The death of Mata Hari), Paris Match, 12 October 1953.
“That is not necessary” “L’Exécution de Mata Hari” (The Execution of Mata Hari), Le Figaro, 16 October 1917.
“By God” Russell Warren Howe, Mata Hari: The True Story (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1986), 11. A similar sentiment was expressed by Maurice Halbin, the sole living member of the firing squad, in 1995. Julie Wheelwright, “Mata Hari’s Exotic Dance Made Her the Toast of France,” Times (London), 12 June 1999.
“choreographic artist” and “The items that came” “L’Exécution de Mata Hari.”
“One does not ask” Ibid.
“official press release” SHAT, 5N 403, quoted in Léon Schirmann, Mata-Hari: Autopsie d’une machination (Mata Hari: Autopsy of a Fix) (Paris: Éditions Italiques, 2001), 221.
“The Spy Mata-Hari” “The Spy Mata-Hari Paid Yesterday for Her Crimes,” L’Excelsior, 16 October 1917.
Criticisms of the execution Schirmann, Autopsie, 208, discusses a series of newspaper articles about the execution that had been censored, located in the collections at SHAT (folder 5N 510), some of these spoke of Mata Hari’s courage and beauty; see also Marcel Berger and Paul Allard, Les secrets de la Censure pendant la Grande Guerre (Secrets of the Censor during the Great War) (Paris: Éditions des Protiques, 1932) 228.
Georges Ladoux was arrested; One of his own agents; and finally acquitted on May 8, 1919 Georges Ladoux, Les chasseurs d’espions: Comment j’ai fait arrêter Mata Hari (The Spy-Hunters: How I Arrested Mata Hari) (Paris: Librairie des Champs-Elysées, 1932), 7–8.
“All the world dropped me” Ibid., 190.
“At the beginning of August 1914” Ibid., 9–10.
“my abrupt departure” Ladoux, Chasseurs, 17–18.
“The day after my acquittal” Ibid., 181–82.
“most of which were shot” Ibid., 220–21.
general conviction rate for spies Wheelwright, Fatal, 102, citing Ferdinand Tuohy, The Secret Corps: A Tale of “Intelligence” on All Fronts (London: Murray, 1920), 20.
“Whatever she’s done in life” Howe, True Story, 271.
He pursued the matter SHAT, R 49, 26 J
anuary 1918; R 50, 1 February 1918; R 52, 31 January 1918; R 51, 2 February 1918; R 54, 6 February 1918; and R 53, 9 February 1918.
The auction of her possessions; items that had belonged to Mata Hari; and Furnishings left in her house Schirmann, Autopsie, 215.
On August 10, 1919 Waagenaar, Mata Hari, 296; Howe, True Story, 272; Ameeta E. Singh and Barbara Romanowski, “Syphilis: Review with Emphasis of Clinical, Epidemiologic, and Some Biologic Features,” Clinical Microbiology Review 12, no. 2 (1999): 187–209.
“He did not confide” Paul Guimard, in Le roman vrai du demisiècle: Du prèmier jazz au dernier Tzar, ed. Gilbert Guilleminau (The True Novel of the Half Century: From the First Jazz to the Last Tzar) (Paris: Denoël, 1959), 240–74.
Searchable Terms
AF44 (code name)
Allan, Maud
Ambarawa
Amsterdam
Antar
Antoine, André
Antoine, Bernard
Antwerp
Apollo Theater
Arboux, Jules
Arguaya S.S.
Armide
Arnhem
Arnhem Daily
arsenic
Association for the Professional Training of Female Nursery School Teachers
Astruc, Gabriel
Atjeh War
Austria
babus
for Non MacLeod
for Norman MacLeod
role and importance of
Bacco e Gambrinus
Baerveldt, Lieutenant Adjutant
Bakst, Léon
Balkstra, G. P.
Balkstra, Louise and Laura
ballet
Ballets Russes
Banjoe Biroe
Barcelona
Barney, Natalie
Batavia (Jakarta)
Baudouin, Emmanuel
bayadère
Bayle, Edouard
Bazet, Constant
Becht, H. J. W.
Belgium
Belle Époque
Benedix, Clara
beriberi
Berlin:
Ladoux’s monitoring of radio communications between Madrid and
Mata Hari’s apartment in
Mata Hari’s dancing in