Russia A History
Page 67
Crimean Tatars 41, 66
Crimean War xiv, 168, 188, 194–7, 199, 201, 211, 216, 224, 546
Cuba 428, 553
cubism 338
cultural revolution 116–7, 119, 145, 305, 316–7, 340, 354–8, 364, 550
currency 175, 195, 197, 303, 308, 322, 392, 400, 443, 455, 459, 497, 561
Cyprian, Metropolitan 26–7
Czartoryski, A. 170
Czech Action Programme 436
Czech Legion 297
Czech Republic 484, 517, 523, 557, 561–2
Czechoslovakia 370–1, 401–2, 438, 445, 552–3
D-Day 389
Dagestan 490
Daniel, Iu. 437–8, 553
Daniil of Galicia 16
Daniil Romanovich 16
Daniilovichi 18–20, 24–5, 28
danshchik 51
Danube 4, 15
Danzig 118
Dardanelles 398
Dargomyzhsky, A. 193
Dashkova, E. 173
Day in the Life of an Oprichnik 513
De Custine, Marquis 190
De Gelder, A. 106
De Maistre, J. 180
De-Stalinization 412–3, 417–20, 422, 428, 552
Deane, J. 107
decree, 55, 68–9, 81, 143, 146, 157, 163, 166–7, 170–1, 223, 229, 292–3, 301–2, 308, 330, 331, 335, 349, 354, 393, 412, 442, 468, 551; see also law; manifestoes; statutes
dedovshchina 472
deficit (budgetary) 75, 259, 407, 443–4, 454–5, 474, 525
defitsity (goods shortage) 430, 454, 459
dekulakization 349–50, 352
Demidov, N. 113
democracy 172, 235, 242, 277, 282, 287–9, 295, 309, 366, 429, 451, 466, 495, 500, 507, 515–6
democratic centralism 294–5, 458
Democratic Conference 248
Democratic Platform 554
Democratic Russia 461
democratization 194, 218, 277, 278, 280, 282, 283–4, 418–19, 421, 424, 427, 439, 458–61, 506, 521
demography xi, 444, 512, 522; see also population
Denikin, A.I. 297–8
Denmark 66, 108, 110
Deripaska, O. 525
Derpt 111
Desht-i-Kipchak 15
détente 434, 445–6, 448, 456, 458
deti boiarskie 37
Deulino, Treaty of 41, 76, 548
Development of Capitalism in Russia 248, 547
Devier, A. 125
Diachenko, T. 469
dikoe pole xix, 67, 84
‘Dictatorship of the Heart’ 230, 547
Directorate of Spiritual Affairs 182
disorders 82, 200–1, 203–4, 207–8, 226, 233, 286, 290, 322, 413, 415, 432, 547, 553–4
dissent 161, 437–8, 446–7
divorce 40, 108, 223, 278, 305, 331–3, 434, 549–50
‘Dizziness from Success’ 550
Dmitrii Ivanovich (Dmitrii Donskoi) 20–7, 58, 540
Dmitrii, tsarevich 65–6, 68–72
Dmitrov 38
Dnepropetrovsk 441
Dneprstroi dam 346
Dnieper 3–6, 84, 86, 91
Doctor Zhivago 429, 552
doctors’ plot 406, 410, 552
‘Doing Business’ 500
Dolgorukii, I. 125
Dolgorukiis 126
Domostroi 44–5, 57
Don River 3, 103
Don Coassacks 79, 83, 114
Donbas 293, 346, 352, 363
Donets River 42, 315, 383
Donetsk 352
Dormition (Uspenskii) Cathedral 56–7
Dorogobuzh 48
Doroshenko, P. 91
Dorpat 114, 173, 232
Dostoevsky, F. 193, 547
Dovzhenko, A. 338
Dresden 106
Drone, The 164
dual power (dvoevlastie) 253, 275, 277, 279–81, 287
Dubčcek, A. 436
Duchy of Warsaw 174
Duma, xix, 254, 257–64, 268, 271–2, 274–7, 287, 299, 467–8, 491–3, 502–3, 508, 548, 555, 557–62
Durkheim, É. 60
Durnovo, P.N. 269–70
Dvina River 1, 25, 34, 54, 57
Dzerzhinskii, F. 295
d’iaki 38
D’Oldendorf 179
East Germany 460, 462, 490
East Prussia 382
East Slav 1, 4, 9, 34–6, 43, 51
Eastern Orthodoxy, see Russian
Orthodox Church
Ecclesiastical Regulation 543
economy 8, 45, 100, 141, 144, 146, 151, 153, 155, 197, 213, 237, 241, 246, 248, 259, 264, 272, 279–80, 282, 287, 291, 293, 300–3, 307–8, 314, 320–3, 325, 327, 341, 344, 358, 383, 385–6, 390, 392, 394, 402, 408, 423, 428, 429, 435, 440–3, 450–6, 461, 465–6, 469, 471, 476, 478, 480, 483, 489, 494, 496–8, 515, 521, 524, 527, 559
education 43, 87, 94, 130, 162, 182, 189, 202, 210, 227, 231, 265, 278, 334, 336, 361, 366, 397, 454, 471, 474, 476, 511, 547
Egypt 216, 400, 428
Ehrenburg, I. 368, 413, 552
Eighth Party Congress, 295, 554
Eisenstein, S. 252, 338, 397
Eismont, N.B. 351
Ekaterina Ivanovna 116
Ekaterinburg 156
Ekaterinodar 297
Ekaterinoslav 256
Elbe 551
electoral law 255, 260, 275, 561
electrification 323, 330, 411
Elets 42
Eleventh Party Congress 310, 549
Elizabeth 127–8, 132, 134–6, 150, 544
emancipation (serf) 173, 180–1, 197, 199, 200–9, 213–19, 221, 229–30, 237, 249, 545–6
Emergency Committee 463
emigration 256, 443, 447, 463, 553
Enghien, Duke 174
England 32, 46, 53, 59–60, 66, 106–7, 117, 129, 151, 174, 238, 244, 264, 320, 507
English Muscovy Company 53
Enisei River 34, 67
Eniseisk 79
enlightened absolutism 161, 166, 186
enlightenment 93, 133, 135, 137, 140, 143, 146, 149, 155, 158, 161–6, 187, 192, 250, 544
Enlightenment, Commissariat
of 304–5, 334
Ermak 541
Erskine, R. 107, 118
Esenin, S. 339
estate 37, 46–7, 54, 60, 66, 137, 217–18, 220, 234, 237, 287, 292
Estland 114, 172
Estonia 135, 151–2, 395, 462, 484, 554
eternal peace 98, 542
Euler, L. 130
Eurasianism 494
Evdokiia 101, 108
Evfimii 97
exports 113, 129, 151, 155, 217, 301, 318, 323, 443, 450, 454–5, 499, 466, 470, 476, 478, 489, 498–500, 519, 525, 527
Ezhov, N.I. 365–8, 370, 550
factory committees 278, 284, 289, 294
Fainsod, M. 291
Falconet, É M. 133
False Dmitrii 67–8, 70
family 8, 10, 32, 39–40, 43–5, 48, 54, 56–9, 65, 68, 75, 87, 90, 94, 96, 98, 101, 125, 140–1, 146–9, 155, 170, 173–4, 202, 213–14, 219, 221, 223, 305, 331–3, 363, 369–70, 414, 434, 440, 444, 452, 469, 491–2, 501–2, 549–50
famine 53, 66, 209, 238–9, 322–3, 336, 354, 358, 390, 392–3, 410, 478, 520, 547, 549, 550–1
Far East 243, 245, 383–4
Farquharson, H. 101, 109
fascism 370, 414, 446
Fatherland-All Russia, 559
Fathers and Sons 225, 546
FDI: see Foreign Direct Investment
February Revolution 273–4, 277, 280, 287, 548
Federation Council 508
Fedor Alekseevich 90–4, 96, 101
Fedor Ivanovich 31, 32, 40, 65–7
Fedotov, P. 193
Federal Security Service (FSB) 472
Ferapontov Monastery 35
Fergana Grand Canal 372
Fifteenth Party Congress 314, 549
Fifth Five-Year Plan 423
Filaret (Romanov) 64, 70–4, 76–7, 89, 542
&
nbsp; finances (state) 60, 63, 93, 151, 153, 175, 188, 196, 243, 456, 478, 525
Finland xi, 9, 15, 33, 40, 120–1, 197–8, 224, 256–7, 278, 283, 299, 371, 376, 378, 545
Finno-Ugric 34–6, 42–4
First All-Russian Congress of
Soviets 285, 548
First Five-Year Plan 316, 348–9, 352–3, 356, 358–60, 371, 549–50
First Secretary 409–10, 412, 416, 430, 432, 434–5, 462, 552
Fitzpatrick, S. 357
Fligel’-de-Fam 111
folklorism 362
Fonvizin, D. 164
‘forbidden years’ 54, 66
foreign debt 443, 455, 474, 478, 498
foreign direct investment (FDI) 476, 478, 499, 500–1
foreign exchange reserves 498, 511, 524, 527
Foreign Office (Inozemnyi prikaz) 78, 80
foreign policy 33, 38, 52, 74, 77, 84, 86, 96, 127, 134–5, 149, 243–4, 258, 280, 318–19, 371, 379, 397–400, 408, 448, 449, 456, 458, 463, 487, 515, 519, 523, 556
Foreign (‘German’) Suburb 87, 97, 102
foreign trade 8, 120, 140, 217
foundling homes 173
Fourteenth Party Congress 313
Fourth Five-Year Plan 393
France xi, 31, 46, 59, 60, 66, 106, 121, 134–5, 162, 170–1, 174–5, 178, 180, 182, 184, 186, 195–6, 244–5, 264, 270–1, 296, 320–1, 370–1, 376, 379, 390
Franco, S.B. 371
Frederick III 106
Free Cultivators Law 172
French Revolution of 1789: 165
French Revolution of 1848: 249
Friends of God 88
FSB: see Federal Security Service
Frunze 344
Fundamental Laws 258; see also constitution
futurism 266, 305, 337
Gaidar, E. 465, 554
Galich, 20
Galicia 5, 14, 16, 18
Gangut 111
Gapon, G. 250–1
Gates, R. 457
Gazprom 501, 505, 522, 558, 561
GDP: see gross domestic product
General Secretary 295, 310–11, 313, 315, 342, 435–6, 438, 450–3, 455, 460, 549, 553
Genghis Khan 13
Genoa 116
Genoa Conference 320, 549
gentry 36, 47–8, 50–1, 54, 61, 208, 215, 217, 237, 243–4, 248, 254, 259, 260–1, 299, 371; see also nobility
Georgia 404, 420, 448, 464, 506, 516, 518, 520–1, 523, 545, 553, 562
German Communist Party 319
Germany xi, 66, 153, 186, 197, 233, 244–5, 253, 264, 269–70, 272, 296, 320, 365, 370, 375–84, 387, 389–420, 460, 462, 490, 551, 561
Germogen, Patriarch 71
Getty, J.A. 365, 367
Gilels, E. 362
gini coefficient 479, 511
Gippius, Z. 265
Gladkov, F. 339
glasnost xx, 205, 213, 236, 366, 459–61
glavki 293
Gleb, prince 12, 539
Glinka, M. 193
globalization 489, 496
Glück, E. 110
GNP 376, 423, 440; see also Gross
National Product
Godunov, Boris: see Boris (Godunov)
Godunov, Fedor 67
Godunova, Ksenia 66
Gogol, N. 190, 192, 546
gold standard 547
Golden Gates of Kiev 7
Golden Gates of Vladimir 12
Goldbach, C. 130
Golden Horde, 15, 18–19, 22–4, 28–9
Golitsyn, B. 102
Golitsyn, D. 126–7
Golitsyn, V.V. 91–3, 96–8, 102–3, 105, 542
golodomor 520
Golovkin, G. 128
Gomulka, W. 402
GONGO 506
‘good governance’ 496, 499
Good Neighbor Treaty of Frendship and Cooperation 559
Gorbachev, M.S. 450–7, 459–60, 553–4
Gorbacheva, R. 453
Gorchakov, M. 202
Gordon, P. 102
Goremykin, I. 259
Gorky 441, 448, 553
gosti 37, 92, 108; see also merchants
gosudarstvenniki xx, 202, 210
governors 38, 42, 50–1, 60, 72, 86, 93, 158, 204, 229, 278, 492, 508, 560
grain procurement 347
Gramsci, A. 304
Grand Embassy 104–6, 542
Grande Armée 177
Great Britain 174, 179, 424, 507, 549;
see also England
Great Depression 345, 475
Great Horde 28
Great Instruction 161–2, 544
Great Patriotic War 372, 397; see also World War II
Great Reforms 182, 194, 199, 207, 209–12, 217, 219, 224–5, 230–1, 235–6, 546
Great Terror 368, 553; see also purges
Great Turn 307, 318, 344, 349, 370
Greece 133, 179, 183, 398
Greens 296, 302
Gregorian calendar 306
Griboedov, A. 357
Grigorii, J.G. 87
Gromyko, A. 143, 452
Gronskii, I.M. 415
gross domestic product (GDP) 430, 456, 475, 496–8, 501, 511, 523–7
Groznyi 491, 558, 560
Guchkov, A.I. 263, 276, 280
guilds 60, 138–9
Guizot, F. 325
GULAG xx, 365, 369, 386, 396, 407, 410, 415–6, 555
Gulf of Finland 9, 15, 33, 40, 120
guliashchie liudi 38
Gusinskii, V. 501, 505, 558
Gustavus Adolphus 75
Habsburgs 32, 98
hagiography 58
Hamburg 82
Hangö 111, 121, 543
Hanssen, R. 558
Harvard Institute for International
Development 479
Haymarket Square 186
HDI see Human Development Index
heavy industry 109, 219, 267, 314, 316, 324–6, 363, 407, 412, 443
Hellenizers 97
Hellie, R. 46
Helsinki agreement 553
Hermann, J. 130
Herzegovina 264, 270
Herzen, A. 191–2
Hilarion, Metropolitan 8, 539
Hill, A. 131
Hindus, M. 348
Historical Letters 227, 546
historiography 85, 94, 202, 365, 420
HIV 483
Hitler, A. 371, 374–5, 379–81, 383–4, 387–91, 396
Holland 31–2, 53, 78, 82, 100, 103–7, 111, 117–18, 121, 123, 345
Holy Alliance 545
Holy League 98, 103, 542
Holy Synod 119, 182, 543
hooliganism 333
Human Development Index (HDI) 511–2
human rights 435, 445–7, 503–4, 519, 553, 555, 560
Human Rights Committee 447, 553
‘humanitarian intervention’ 519
Hungarian Communist Party 418
Hungarian insurrection 557
Hungary 9, 14, 156, 195, 245, 256, 376, 393, 402, 418–19, 429, 436, 460, 484, 551–2, 557
Hunter, H. 345
Iaguzhinskii, P. 128
Iaik Cossacks 156
Iaitskii Gorodok 157
Iakovlev, A. 349, 452
Iakutsk 79
Ianaev, G. 554
iarlyk 15
Iaropolk 4–5, 11
Iaroslav 6–7
Iaroslav Iaroslavich 16
Iaroslav Vsevolodich 15–16
Iaroslavl 14, 19–21, 32, 46, 72, 419, 540
iasak xx, 42, 51
icons 7–8, 22, 26, 40, 58–9, 62, 100, 119
idealism 225, 265, 357
ideology 59, 198, 270, 284, 291–2, 298, 300–1, 310, 320–1, 347, 383–4, 389, 399, 413, 468, 472
Igor 3
imperator vserossiiskii 116
Imperial Russian Geographic
Society 194
imperialism 279
imports 7, 14, 23, 34, 42, 107, 270, 456, 480–1, 498
INDEM 500
India 174, 428
, 500
Indonesia 400, 428
industrial revolution 351
industrialists 317, 219, 261, 264, 272, 287
industrialization 213, 215–6, 234–5, 242, 308, 321–6, 341–3, 354, 360, 372, 407, 414, 417, 443, 478
industry 109, 113, 196, 209, 212, 217, 219, 241, 248, 267, 272, 276, 293, 301, 314–6, 319, 322–6, 344, 346, 355, 363, 372, 407, 414, 417, 443, 450, 478
inflation 53, 83, 142, 153, 155, 188, 273, 322, 344, 346, 425, 430, 440, 442, 466, 472, 475, 481, 511, 526
Ingermanland 75, 112–13
Ingermanlandskii Regiment 112
Ingushi 419
institutchiki 453
intelligentsia 221, 223, 225, 227–8, 238, 245–6, 248, 252, 264, 266, 282, 284, 287, 304, 338, 342, 354–7, 359, 368–9, 407, 425, 428–9, 437–8, 447
‘intensification of the class
struggle’ 348, 367
International Monetary Fund (IMF) 475, 557
International Women’s Day 273–4
investment 215, 267, 308, 320, 323–5, 344, 351, 361, 372, 402, 411, 424, 430–1, 440–1, 443, 449, 454, 455–6, 459, 476, 477–8, 498–9, 500, 523, 559, 562
Iakim, Patriarch 97
Iona, Metropolitan 58, 540
Iosif, Patriarch 88
Iran 6, 389, 398, 400, 485, 517, 557, 560
Iraq 15, 517
Islam 6, 299, 448, 458, 486–7, 514, 519, 521
Italian Communist Party 400, 418
Italy 105, 186, 320, 389–90
Itil 2
Iudenich, N.N. 298–9
Iurev University 232
Iurev-Polskii 46
Iurii Daniilovich 17
Iurii Dolgorukii 11–12
Iurii Vsevolodich 13–14
Ivan Daniilovich 19
Ivan I (Kalita) 18, 20, 22, 27, 540
Ivan II 19, 26
Ivan III (‘the Great’) 32, 38, 40, 46, 48, 50, 52, 56, 59, 61, 540
Ivan IV (‘the Terrible’) 32–3, 38, 40, 49–50, 56, 61–5, 68, 540–1
Ivan V 95, 542
Ivan VI 128, 150, 544
Ivanov, A. 193
Ivanovo 289
Iziaslav of Kiev 10
Izvestiia 415, 434, 561
Jagiellonians 32
Jansen, J. 104
Japan 197, 245, 249, 253–4, 259, 264, 296, 300, 370–1, 383, 389, 498, 548, 551
Jerusalem, patriarch of, 76
Jesuits 97, 110, 160
Jewish Section (Evsektsiia) 358
Jews xii, 6, 85, 151, 219, 223, 224, 232, 248, 256, 303, 348, 356, 384, 404, 406, 445, 447–8, 545, 547, 553
Journey from St Petersburg to Moscow 164, 545
judicial statute (1864) 210
judiciary 38, 40, 52, 210, 235, 508–9;
see also courts
Julian calendar 108
Julius Caesar 104
July Days (1917) 286, 290, 548
kabala 55, 69
Kabardinians 419
Kabakov, I. 513
Kabinet 114
Kabuzan, V.M. 151
Kadets xx, 254–5, 257, 259–62, 276, 286, 289, 297, 299
Kadyrov, A. 560
Kadyrov, R. 504