by Arthur Gelb
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
Alexander, Doris. O’Neill’s Creative Struggle. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1992.
———. The Tempering of Eugene O’Neill. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1962.
Atkinson, Brooks. Broadway. New York: Macmillan, 1970.
Barlow, Judith E. Final Acts. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1985; New York: Scribner & Sons, 1956.
Basso, Hamilton. “The Tragic Sense,” The New Yorker, February 28, 1948; March 6, 1948; March 13, 1948.
Bogard, Travis. Contour in Time: The Plays of Eugene O’Neill. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972.
———, editor. Eugene O’Neill: Complete Plays (3 Volumes: 1913–1920; 1920–1931; 1932–1943). New York: The Library of America, 1988.
———, editor. The Unknown O’Neill. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1988.
Bogard, Travis, and Jackson R. Bryer, editors. Selected Letters of Eugene O’Neill. New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press, 1988.
Boulton, Agnes. Part of a Long Story. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1958.
Bowen, Croswell (with Shane O’Neill). The Curse of the Misbegotten. New York, Toronto, and London: McGraw-Hill, 1959.
Brustein, Robert. The Theater of Revolt. Boston: Little, Brown, 1964.
Bryant, Louise. Christmas in Petrograd. Unpublished memoir (circa 1936), Granville Hicks collection, Syracuse University Library, Department of Special Collections.
Bryer, Jackson, editor. The Theater We Worked For: Letters of Eugene O’Neill to Kenneth Macgowan. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1982.
Cargill, Oscar, N. Bryllion Fagion, and William J. Fisher, editors. O’Neill and His Plays. New York: New York University Press, 1961.
Clark, Barrett H. Eugene O’Neill: The Man and His Plays. New York: Robert McBride, 1929; New York: Dover Publications, 1947 (revised).
Commins, Dorothy, editor. “Love and Admiration and Respect”: The O’Neill-Commins Correspondence. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1986.
Crichton, Kyle. Total Recoil. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1960.
Deutsch, Helen, and Stella Hanau. The Provincetown: A Story of the Theater. New York: Farrar & Rinehart, 1931.
Dowling, Robert M. Eugene O’Neill: A Life in Four Acts. New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press, 2014.
Engel, Edwin. The Haunted Heroes of Eugene O’Neill. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1953.
Estrin, Mark W., editor. Conversations with Eugene O’Neill. Jackson and London: University Press of Mississippi, 1990.
Falk, Doris. Eugene O’Neill and the Tragic Tension. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1958.
Floyd, Virginia. Eugene O’Neill: A World View. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing, 1979.
———. Eugene O’Neill at Work, annotated & edited. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing, 1981.
Gallup, Donald, editor. Eugene O’Neill Poems, 1912–1944. New Haven, CT/New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1980.
———, editor. Eugene O’Neill Work Diary 1924–1943. New Haven, CT: Yale University Library, 1981.
———. What Mad Pursuits! Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 1998.
Gelb, Arthur and Barbara. Life with Monte Cristo. New York/London: Applause, 2000.
———. O’Neill. New York: Harper & Bros., 1962; New York: Harper & Row, 1973 (revised).
Gelb, Barbara. So Short a Time. New York: W. W. Norton, 1973.
Glaspell, Susan. The Road to the Temple. New York/Toronto: Frederick A. Stokes, 1927.
Goldman, Emma. Living My Life. New York: Garden City Publishing, 1931.
Goodwin, Donald W. Alcohol and the Writer. New York: Penguin Books, 1990.
Hamilton, Clayton. Conversations on Contemporary Drama. New York: Macmillan, 1925.
Hamilton, G. V. A Research in Marriage. New York: Albert & Charles Boni, 1929.
Hapgood, Hutchins. An Anarchist Woman. New York: Duffield, 1909.
———. A Victorian in the Modern World. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1937.
Harrington, John P. The Irish Play on the New York Stage, 1874–1996. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1997.
Heller, Adele, and Lois Rudnick, editors. The Cultural Moment. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1991.
Hicks, Granville. John Reed. New York: Macmillan, 1936.
Kenton, Edna. The Provincetown Players and the Playwrights’ Theatre, 1915–1922. Edited by Travis Bogard and Jackson Bryer. In The Eugene O’Neill Review, Vol. 21, Nos. 1 & 2, 1997.
———. Unpublished manuscript. Fales Library, New York University, and revised unpublished manuscript. Gelb collection.
King, William Davis, editor. “A Wind Is Rising”: The Correspondence of Agnes Boulton and Eugene O’Neill. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2000.
Kinne, Wisner Payne. George Pierce Baker and the American Theater. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1954.
Krutch, Joseph Wood. The American Stage Since 1918. New York: George Braziller, 1957.
———. Introduction, Nine Plays by Eugene O’Neill. New York: Modern Library, 1954.
Langner, Lawrence. The Magic Curtain. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1951.
Lockridge, Richard. Darling of Misfortune: Edwin Booth 1833–1893. New York/London: Century, 1932.
Luhan, Mabel Dodge. Movers and Shakers. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1936.
Maddux, Percy. City on the Willamette. Portland, OR: Metropolitan Press, 1952.
McCandless, Marion. Family Portraits. Notre Dame, IN: Saint Mary’s College, 1952.
Moody, Richard. Edwin Forrest, First Star of the American Stage. New York: Knopf, 1960.
Nathan, George Jean. As Ever, Gene: The Letters of Eugene O’Neill to George Jean Nathan. Edited by Nancy L. Roberts and Arthur W. Roberts. London/Toronto: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1987.
———. The Intimate Notebooks of George Jean Nathan. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1932.
Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Philosophy of Nietzsche. New York: Modern Library, 1954.
O’Faolain, Sean. The Great O’Neill. Cork/Dublin: Mercier Press, 1986.
O’Neill, Eugene. Inscriptions: Eugene O’Neill to Carlotta Monterey O’Neill. Edited by Donald Gallup. Yale University Library, New Haven, CT, 500 copies. Privately printed 1960.
O’Neill, Patrick. History of the San Francisco Theater, Vol. 20: James O’Neill. San Francisco Writers’ Program of the WPA in Northern California, 1942.
Quinn, Arthur Hobson. A History of the American Drama from the Civil War to the Present Day. New York/London: Harper & Brothers, 1927.
Ranald, Margaret Loftus. The Eugene O’Neill Companion. Westport, CT/London: Greenwood Press, 1984.
Reed, John. Insurgent Mexico. New York: D. Appleton, 1914.
Ruggles, Eleanor. Prince of Players. New York: W. W. Norton, 1953.
Sergeant, Elizabeth Shepley. Fire Under the Andes. London, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1927.
Shaughnessy, Edward L. Down the Nights and Down the Days. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1996.
Sheaffer, Louis. O’Neill, Son and Artist. Boston/Toronto: Little, Brown, 1973.
———. O’Neill, Son and Playwright. Boston/Toronto: Little, Brown, 1968.
Skinner, Richard Dana. A Poet’s Quest. New York: Russell & Russell Inc., 1964.
Vorse, Mary Heaton. Time and the Town. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1991.
Weissman, Phillip. Creativity in the Theater. New York: Basic Books, 1965.
Winter, William. The Life of David Belasco. New York: Moffat, Yard, 1913.
KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS IN ENDNOTES
A/BG
Arthur (AG)
and Barbara (BG) Gelb
AB
Agnes Boulton O’Neill
AMcG
Arthur McGinley
BA
Brooks Atkinson
BB
Barbara Burton
BC
Bennett Cerf
BDC
Ben De Casseres
Beinecke
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Collection of American Literature, Yale University
CM
Carlotta Monterey O’Neill
CVV
Carl Van Vechten
DD
Dorothy Day
DG
Dr. Donald C. Gallup
EG
Eben Given
EK
Edward Keefe
EO
Eugene O’Neill
ESS
Elizabeth Shepley Sergeant
Fales
Fales Library, New York University
FBM
Frederic B. Mayo
FM
Fania Marinoff
GCC
George Cram (“Jig”) Cook
GJN
George Jean Nathan
GRC
Dr. Gilbert R. Cherrick
HH
Hutchins Hapgood
HW
Harry Weinberger
IC
Ilka Chase
JC
Jane Caldwell
JJM
James Joseph (Slim) Martin
JL
James Light
JMcC
Joseph McCarthy
JQ
José Quintero
JR
Jane Rubin
JWK
Joseph Wood Krutch
KA
Kaye Albertoni
KJP
Kathleen Jenkins Pitt-Smith
KM
Kenneth Macgowan
LB
Louise Bryant
LDJIN
Long Day’s Journey Into Night
LG
Lillian Gish
LK
Louis Kantor
LL
Lawrence Langner
LS
Louis Sheaffer
LWMC
Life with Monte Cristo
MBE
Mourning Becomes Electra
MHV
Mary Heaton Vorse
NM
Nickolas Muray
NW
Norman Winston
NYT
The New York Times
PM
Philip Moeller
PS
Philip Sheridan
RB
Ralph Barton
RC
Russel Crouse
RL
Ruth Lander
RR
Robert Rockmore
SB
Stella Ballantine
SC
Saxe Commins
SD
O’Neill’s Scribbling Diary
SG
Susan Glaspell
SL
Selected Letters of Eugene O’Neill, Yale University Press, 1988
SNB
S. N. Behrman
SO
Sheila O’Neill
SP
Seymour (“Sy”) Peck
SW
Sophus Winther
SWL
Sherlee Weingarten Lantz
TC
Terry Carlin
“TTWWF”
The Theater We Worked For
WD
O’Neill’s Work Diary
“Wind”
“A Wind Is Rising”: The Correspondence of Agnes Boulton and Eugene O’Neill, Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2006
ENDNOTES
PART I: UPHEAVAL
CHAPTER ONE
“Oh very much so!” EO to KM, Thursday (Dec. 1926), Yale, SL.
warmly greeted by friends and stared at by strangers. A/BG interviews with JL, KM, LL, & Theresa Helburn.
a bequest from a childless aunt who raised her. Following her divorce from Barton, the American Magazine (4/14/27) published a gossipy item about Carlotta’s “imminent marriage” to Speyer, and Carlotta has written to an intimate friend, dismissing the report: “He is a darling—the kindest—most unselfish, most charitable man I have ever met—and clever—and has a keen sense of humor—and above all—gentle—I adore him—but no marriage! Ours is a beautiful & most thoroughly satisfying friendship.” Carlotta adds that “of course,” the fact that he is a millionaire and she is an “ex-actress” has fueled the gossip about them “by damned fool society reporters.” (Carlotta in later life told friends Speyer did propose marriage, but that she had already determined to marry O’Neill.)
Her accessories, Chase notes, are “of the finest material, her shoes made to order of special leathers at great cost” and sometimes sewn with jewels. IC, Past Imperfect by IC (Doubleday, Doran & Co., New York, 1942); & A/BG interview with IC.
“there is a lot of you in the woman, I think . . . and yet, wholly unlike you.” letter, from EO to CM, 3/4/27, Yale, SL.
“I am interested only in the relation between man and God.” EO in conversation with JWK, Nine Plays by Eugene O’Neill (Modern Library, New York, 1932).
at the Wentworth Hotel on Forty-sixth Street near Broadway. The Wentworth was renamed Hotel at Times Square in 2008.
sworn to withhold the photos until after their marriage. A/BG interviews with CM.
wishing it were over, missing her, fighting his anxiety and guilt. Ibid.
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“a blow-by-blow account” of how the play is being received. A/BG interviews with LL & his autobiography, The Magic Curtain (E. P. Dutton & Company Inc., New York, 1951).
“I’ve never forgotten it.” A/BG interview and correspondence with Clarke’s sister, Frances Cardenas.
“O’Neill never knew about this sly business of mine.” A/BG interviews with Fontanne, Langner, SNB & The Magic Curtain.
“The mechanics of acting stop me from seeing the play.” Flora Merrill, 7/19/25.
“They’d be able to express the meaning without them.” The Magic Curtain.
“From what I hear they are both pretty dull in the old bean—but that hardly astonishes me.” letter, EO to AB, 12/2/1927, Harvard, SL.
hardly a statement to placate the Shuberts. New York American Magazine, 2/25/28.
“It was a funny scene.” EO to KM, 9/21/28, The Theatre We Worked For (Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 1982).
CHAPTER TWO
two fabled courtesans, one mythological, the other seventeenth-century French. “Five O’Clock Friday Morning,” 5/19/22, Yale.
Among the guests—always formally attired— A/BG interview with NM.
“Ralph was not the first man who had made her unhappy.” Past Imperfect.
debate, for three hours, whether they will “live together any more.” Entry in CVV “Daybook,” 9/29/25, NY Public Library.