Courtesy of Archival Services Branch, Archives and Records Management Division—Kentucky Department for Libraries and Archives
When newspapers passed circulating usefulness, they added comfort, cleanliness, and warmth to the bare walls of a mountain cabin.
Courtesy of Library Special Collections, Western Kentucky University
The Pack Horse librarians delivered 3,548 books monthly.
The “book woman” did not always have a bridge to cross and had to find a shallow ford.
Invalids, shut-ins, the old, and the blind would receive the benefits of books. If they were unable to read and there was no one to read to them, the “book woman” found time to read to them.
Schoolchildren were encouraged to take books home to read. The closing of school did not end this habit, for children continued to meet the carrier at the schoolhouse. Many children read aloud at home to their parents who could not read. Children’s books were greatly in demand, and there was always a shortage of them.
Neither snow-covered hillside nor lack of roads daunts the “book woman.”
Library service was not restricted. White families, black families, and teachers had the opportunity to benefit by library use. Library centers for blacks were established in black communities.
Courtesy of Archival Services Branch, Archives and Records Management Division—Kentucky Department for Libraries and Archives
Winter and summer alike found the “book woman” reaching the mountain readers. Farm journals and agricultural bulletins of the state and national government gave mountain farmers knowledge for improvement of their crops; however, the demand was far greater than the supply.
Schoolhouses like this only had a few textbooks. Teachers selected books for reading and class work from Pack Horse libraries. During the four years of WPA service, there were frequent reports of better schoolwork due to the books furnished by WPA carriers.
A Pack Horse librarian delivers books to a patron.
Reading Group Guide
1. The Kentucky Pack Horse program was implemented in 1935 by the Works Progress Administration (WPA) to create women’s work programs and to assist economic recovery and build literacy. Looking at the novel, how did the program affect the people in this remote area? Do you think library programs are still a vital part of our society today?
2. How has a librarian or booklover impacted your life? Have you ever connected with a book or author in a meaningful way? Explain.
3. Missionaries, government, social workers, and various religious groups have always visited eastern Kentucky to reform, modernize, and mold hillfolk to their acceptable standards. Do you think Cussy faced this kind of prejudice from the outside world? Is there any prejudice or stigma associated with the people of Appalachia today?
4. How do you think Cussy’s father feels after he marries her off to an abusive man? Why do you think he agrees to Charlie Frazier’s proposal in the first place? 5. What do you imagine life was like for an unwed woman at that time?
6. Imagine you are making a community scrapbook like the ones Cussy distributes to the people of Troublesome. What would you include? Do you think these materials were helpful to Cussy’s library patrons?
7. When Cussy receives the cure for her blueness from Doc, she realizes there’s a price to pay for her white skin, and the side effects soon become too much to handle. If you were in Cussy’s shoes, would you sacrifice your health for a chance at “normalcy”? If there weren’t any side effects, do you think Cussy would have continued to take the medication? Would you?
8. How do you think Cussy feels when she is ostracized at the Independence Day celebration, despite her change of skin color? Can you relate to her feelings of isolation? Do you think these kinds of racial prejudices are still prevalent today?
9. Cussy has to deal with the loss of many loved ones in a very short amount of time. How do you think she handles her grief? Which loss was the most difficult for you to read?
10. What do you think life was like for the people of Troublesome? What are some of the highlights of living in such a remote place? What are some of the challenges the people on Cussy’s library route face?
11. Back then, entering into a prohibited or interracial marriage in Kentucky was a misdemeanor that could result in incarceration, and we see these racial tensions attempt to sever Cussy and Jackson’s relationship. Discuss anti-miscegenation laws and marriage laws. Do you think this kind of prejudice still exists toward interracial couples?
12. What do you think happens to Cussy, Jackson, Honey, and the other inhabitants of Troublesome after the story ends? Imagine you were Cussy. How would you feel leaving Troublesome for good?
A Conversation with the Author
What drew you to the stories of the Pack Horse librarians and the blue-skinned people of Kentucky?
Years ago, I stumbled across these heroic librarians of the Great Depression and the rare blue-skinned Kentuckians, and I couldn’t stop thinking about them. I wanted to embrace their strengths and uniqueness in story. There was such rich, magnificent history in the two, I was surprised I hadn’t seen them in a novel, that neither had been given a footprint in literary history. I knew it was time for the wider world to experience them in a novel, to learn about, to see, the glorious Kentucky female Pack Horse librarians and the precious blue-skinned mountain folk.
Your novel is deeply rooted in the history of Appalachia. What research did you do to bring this time period to life?
Research is my favorite part of the writing process. I spent thousands of hours exploring everything from fauna to flora to folklore to food, as well as longtime traditions indigenous to Appalachia. I’m also able to live in that landscape and spend time with native Appalachians who have taught me the lyrics and language of their people and ancestors. Other research took me to coal-mining towns and their history, visiting doctors, speaking with a hematologist to learn about congenital methemoglobinemia, and exploring fire tower lookouts and their history. Years ago, I started collecting everything I could find on the Pack Horse librarians, poring over archives, old newspapers, pictures, the history, etc. I spent many hours on Roosevelt’s New Deal and WPA programs and conducted interviews. And last, there was the fun and interesting research on mules.
What does your writing process look like?
I’ve long been a kitchen table author, one who sets aside the recipe, forsakes the rules—the do’s and don’ts, the shant’s, shouldn’ts, and won’ts. This doesn’t mean I don’t respect the rules—it simply allows me the unleashed freedom to create the story intimately and lyrically, as if I’m sitting at my kitchen table across from you and telling it. There’s the occasional detour, of course, and sometimes I take out the guardrails going one hundred miles per hour. And there’s piles of research papers, the countless scraps and sticky notes littered everywhere in my office, on my desk and shelves. My dear husband usually creates cool, detailed drawings of my fictional towns to anchor and keep me straight. At all times, there’s my beloved rescue pets wandering in and out of my office. Music is a must-have, and I try to create a playlist to reflect the moods and themes in my stories. My music influence is broad, passionate, and can dip into everything from opera to bluegrass to rock, and on to classical, big band, jazz, rap, country, and indie. During edits, all is quiet, and I’m slow, turtle slow, and also painfully meticulous, and can absolutely sit on a single paragraph for days, working and fretting over it. I generally devote anywhere from eight to fourteen hours a day to writing, research, and book-related stuff.
Did your own experiences living in Kentucky inspire or influence any of the descriptions in the book?
Yes, Kentucky is both a beautiful and brutal place full of fascinating history, varied landscapes, complex people and culture, and I’m fortunate to live in a region that I can draw on from the heart.
Do you see any similarities between yoursel
f and Cussy? Differences?
I grew up under the grinding heels of poverty, spending my first decade in a rural Kentucky orphanage, moving on to foster care, and then finding myself homeless at age fourteen. I can relate to marginalized people and have much empathy for Cussy and her family, anyone who has faced or faces prejudices and hardships. It’s easy to feel their pain deeply, particularly if you’ve gone through hardships in your own life.
If you had to choose, what is one of your favorite moments from the novel?
One of my dearest is when young Angeline takes Cussy Mary’s hand, despite knowing the implication of being friendly with a blue, and rings a simple truth by saying “Hain’t no harm. Our hands don’t care they’s different colors. Feels nice jus’ the same, huh?”
Throughout the novel, we see the positive effects the Pack Horse library service has on this small, remote community. Do you think libraries still have that kind of impact today?
Absolutely, and now more than ever. As I mentioned earlier, I was raised in an orphanage. Later, as a foster child in 1970, I remember going to my first library one lonely summer and checking out a book. The librarian sized me up and then quietly said, “Only one? You look smarter than a one-book read, and I bet we can find you more than just one.” She reached under her counter, snapped open a folded brown-paper sack, handed it to me, and then marched me over to shelves filled with glorious books. I was shocked that I could get more than one book, much less a bag full of precious books, and I was moved by her compassion, kindness, and wisdom. Librarians are lifelines for so many, giving us powerful resources to help us become empowered.
What are some of your favorite libraries to visit?
I love hitting the backroads to seek out small-town libraries. These places are treasured cornerstones filled with social mores—hidden gems that offer an opulence of customs, inspiration, and warm hospitality.
Who are some of your favorite authors to read?
There are so many talented writers out there to pick from, it makes the choice difficult. However, one influence and much-loved author of mine has always been E. B. White. Charlotte’s Web is a jewel that tapped into my love for nature and animals. And every time I read it, I learned something new. It has that wonderful Hitchcockian first line—“Where’s Papa going with that ax?”—and is infused with magical verses of dewy spiderwebs, “Some Pig” miracles, and unconditional friendship. Some Book—Some Author! Harriette Simpson Arnow, John Fox Jr., Gwyn Hyman Rubio, and Walter Tevis are some of my longtime favorite Kentucky novelists who wrote unforgettable masterpieces. Each one brings the pages to life with rich, evocative landscapes, beautifully told stories, and highly skilled prose.
What do you hope readers will ultimately take away from Cussy’s story?
Poverty and marginalization are not so much economics or politics or societal issues as much as they are human issues. They are best grappled with by reaching deep into the lives of those suffering them. Knowing one small piece of this world—the earth, the sky, the plants, the people, and the very air of it—helps us to understand the sufferings and joys of others ourselves.
Acknowledgments
Thank you to the dear readers for allowing me into your home. To the darling and dear Kristy (Kristy Bee) Barrett, Judith D. Collins, Kathy Shattuck, Tonya Speelman, Carla Suto, Linda Zagon, and many other readers and reading groups and bloggers who generously and tirelessly cheer on my books and others’. You are a precious gift to writers everywhere.
And I’d like to add a little honey poem for Kristy:
A Bee-auty named Kristy “Bee” Barrett
Collects each book like pollen to share it
This novel-love bee,
Is our sweetest sweet pea—
Sweet as honey and buzzing with merit!
My gratitude and love to Bry City mountain man and former lookout Ron Cole for sharing a Christmas dinner and your inspirational stories about you and your family’s historic fire-tower home. And also to dear Honey Bee for your always gracious hospitality and kind support.
Much love and appreciation to Eon Alden and Chris Wilcox and the rest of the gang for unstintingly peddling my books. I am extremely grateful to cherished booksellers and librarians, for all your dedication and passion that goes into helping my books and others’ find their way into the hands and hearts of readers.
Many thanks to the lovely playwright Amina McIntyre for sharing a meal and inspiring me with the antique courting candle at Black Acre Conservancy.
To my editors, the brilliant and hardworking book women, Shana Drehs and Margaret (MJ) Johnston. I am forever indebted to you for your sharp eyes, wisdom, and foresight, for rolling up your sleeves to make Book Woman achieve its very best—for making a good book great. My appreciation and many thanks to Diane Dannenfeldt for her exceptional copyedits, Carolyn Lesnick for her proofreading, and to the energetic and enthusiastic Sourcebooks team, for whom I am enormously grateful. Thank you, Sourcebooks, for letting me give these fierce librarians and precious, brave Blues a voice.
To my terrific Writers House agents, Stacy and Susan, who immediately championed this book and gave it their unwavering support—you are the very best a writer could ask for in agents. And, Stacy, this one is for you.
Writing is oftentimes a solitary journey, but this one was made easier by having the support of a kind and immensely talented book-woman tribe: mad love and appreciation to Joshilyn, Karen, and Sara.
Gratitude and love to G. J. Berger, my dear friend and critiquer.
Love to my beautiful and wise children, Jeremiah and Sierra, forever. To my husband and always-first reader, Joe, thank you for catching my misspellings and incorrect math and seeing me through. You are first and foremost the reader I love writing for and being with. I love you like salt loves meat, always.
About the Author
Photo credit: Leigh Photography
Kim Michele Richardson lives in Kentucky and resides part-time in western North Carolina. She is an advocate for the prevention of child abuse and domestic violence and has partnered with the U.S. Navy globally to bring awareness and education to the prevention of domestic violence. She is the author of the bestselling memoir The Unbreakable Child and is the founder of the tiny home Shy Rabbit, a writers/artists scholarship residency. Her novels include Liar’s Bench, GodPretty in the Tobacco Field, and The Sisters of Glass Ferry.
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The Book Woman of Troublesome Creek Page 29