Russia's Crony Capitalism

Home > Other > Russia's Crony Capitalism > Page 35
Russia's Crony Capitalism Page 35

by Anders Aslund


  JP Morgan Cazenove. 2015. Russian Oil and Gas. JP Morgan, July 23.

  Judah, Ben. 2013. Fragile Empire: How Russia Fell in and out of Love with Vladimir Putin. New Haven: Yale University Press.

  ———. 2014a. “A Day in the Life of Vladimir Putin: The Dictator in His Labyrinth.” Independent, July 25.

  ———. 2014b. “London’s Laundry Business.” New York Times, March 14.

  Judah, Ben, and Belinda Li. 2017. “Money Laundering for 21st Century Authoritarianism: Western Enablement of Kleptocracy.” Briefing Paper. Washington, DC: Hudson Institute, Kleptocracy Initiative, December.

  Judah, Ben, and Nate Sibley. 2018. “Countering Russian Kleptocracy.” Briefing Paper. Washington, DC: Hudson Institute, Kleptocracy Initiative, April.

  Kar, Dev, and Sarah Freitas. 2013. “Russia: Illicit Financial Flows and the Role of the Underground Economy.” Washington, DC: Global Financial Integrity, February.

  Keen, Michael, Yitae Kim, and Ricardo Varsano. 2006. “The ‘Flat Tax(es)’: Principles and Evidence.” IMF Working Paper 218. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.

  Kharas, Homi, Brian Pinto, and Sergei Ulatov. 2001. “An Analysis of Russia’s 1998 Meltdown: Fundamentals and Market Signals.” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 1: 1–50.

  Kirchik, Olesia. 2004. “Zemel’naia reforma: 1990–2002” [Land reform: 1990–2002]. Otechestvennye Zapiski [Notes from the fatherland], no. 1: 16.

  Klebnikov, Paul. 2000. Godfather of the Kremlin: The Decline of Russia in the Age of Gangster Capitalism. Orlando, FL: Harcourt.

  Kleiner, Vadim. 2005. “How Should Gazprom Be Managed in Russia’s National Interests and the Interests of Its Shareholders?” Moscow: Hermitage Capital Management, June.

  Klerk. 2004. “Zakonoproekt po snizheniu ESN priniat vo vtorom chtenii” [A bill to reduce the single social tax passes its second reading]. Klerk.ru, June 11, https://www.klerk.ru/buh/news/10009/.

  Kobzeva, Oksana, and Darya Korsynskaya. 2016. “Putin Says Rosneft Buy of Bashneft Gives Impetus to Privatization.” Reuters, October 12.

  Kokh, Alfred. 1998. The Selling of the Soviet Empire. New York: Liberty Publishing House.

  Kolesnichenko, Aleksandr. 2017. “Reiting pribilnosti TOP ukrainskikh bankov” [The profitability rating of the TOP Ukrainian banks]. Ekonomicheskaya prada, August 5.

  Kommersant. 2008. “Aleksei Kudrin raskryl skrytuyu privatizatsiyu” [Aleksei Kudrin revealed hidden privatization]. June 10.

  ———. 2016. “Vladimira Barsukova zhdut FSB” [They wait for Vladimir Barsukov at FSB]. August 19.

  Kornai, János. 1992. The Socialist System: The Political Economy of Communism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

  Kozyrev, Mikhail. 2017. “Vosem’ chelovek i $24 milliardov: Predprinimateli ‘putinskogo prizyva’ v reitinge Forbes” [Eight men and $24 billion: The entrepreneurs of the “Putin calling” in the Forbes rating]. Forbes, April 26.

  Kramer, Andrew E. 2008. “A $50 Billion Bailout in Russia Favors the Rich and Connected.” New York Times, October 30.

  ———. 2014a. “Russia Seeks Sanctions Tit for Tat.” New York Times, October 8.

  ———. 2014b. “Sanctions over Ukraine Cause Headaches in the Energy Sector.” New York Times, April 28.

  Krastev, Ivan. 2006. “Democracy’s Doubles.” Journal of Democracy 17, no. 2: 52–62.

  Krickovic, Andrej. 2014. “Imperial Nostalgia or Prudent Geopolitics? Russia’s Efforts to Reintegrate the Post-Soviet Space in Geopolitical Perspective.” Post-Soviet Affairs 30, no. 6: 503–528.

  Kryshtanovskaya, Olga, and Stephen White. 2003. “Putin’s Militocracy.” Post-Soviet Affairs 19, no. 4: 289–306.

  ———. 2009. “The Sovietization of Russian Politics.” Post-Soviet Affairs 25, no. 4: 283–309.

  Kudrin, Aleksei. 2013. “Vliyanie dokhodov ot eksporta neftegazovykh resursov na denezhno-kreditnuyu politiky Rossii” [The impact of oil and gas export revenues on Russia’s monetary policy]. Voprosy Ekonomiki, March, 4–19.

  ———. 2016. “Stavka na goskompanii ne sygrala” [The option of state companies did not work]. Vedomosti, December 7.

  ———. 2017. “Ustoichivy ekonomicheskii rost” [Sustainable economic growth]. Aleksei Kudrin official site, January 13.

  Kudrin, Aleksei, and Yevsei Gurvich. 2014. “Novaya model’ rosta dlya rossiiskoi ekonomiki” [A new growth model for the Russian economy]. Voprosy Ekonomiki, December, 4–36.

  Kurlantzick, Joshua. 2016. State Capitalism: How the Return of Statism Is Transforming the World. New York: Oxford University Press.

  Kuzio, Taras. 2010. “Will Russia Buy Up Ukraine?” Eurasia Daily Monitor, July 26.

  Kuzmin, Andrey, Kira Zavyalova, and Stephen Grey. 2016. “Corrected—Putin’s Son-in-Law Boosted by $1.75 Billion Russian State Loan.” Reuters, January 28.

  Laar, Mart. 2002. Little Country That Could. London: Centre for Research into Post-Communist Economies.

  Lally, Kathy. 2011. “Laws to Rein in Russia’s Pretrial Detention System Are Ignored.” Washington Post, November 25.

  Laqueur, Walter. 2015. Putinism: Russia and Its Future in the West. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

  Lardy, Nicholas R. 2014. Markets over Mao: The Rise of Private Business in China. Washington, DC: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

  Laruelle, Marlene. 2017. “In Search of Putin’s Philosopher.” Intersection Project, March 3.

  Latynina, Yulia. 2017. “Zachem ‘Gazprom’ i ‘Rosneft’ zalezayut v gromadnye dolgi?” [Why are Gazprom and Rosneft accumulating enormous debts?]. Novaya Gazeta, February 27.

  Layne, Nathan, et al. 2017. “Moscow on the Beach: Russian Elite Invested nearly $100 Million in Trump Buildings.” Reuters, March 17.

  Lee Myers, Steven. 2004. “A Candidate from Russia Is in London with New Tale.” New York Times, February 14.

  ———. 2015. The New Tsar: The Rise and Reign of Vladimir Putin. New York: Knopf.

  Lee Myers, Steven, Jo Becker, and Jim Yardley. 2014. “Private Bank Fuels Fortunes of Putin’s Inner Circle.” New York Times, September 27.

  Leopold, Jason, et al. 2018. “Christopher Steele’s Other Report: A Murder in Washington.” Buzzfeed, March 27.

  Levada Center. 2017. Obshchestvennoe Mnenie: Sbornik [Public opinion: Collection]. Moscow: Levada Analytical Center.

  Levinsky, Aleksandr. 2016. “Master Boevich iskusstv” [The master of martial arts]. Forbes, February 25.

  Libman, Alexander, and Evgeny Vinokurov. 2012. Holding-Together Regionalism: Twenty Years of Post-Soviet Integration. Hampshire, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.

  Library of Congress. n.d. “Legal Provisions on Fighting Extremism: Russia.” https://www.loc.gov/law/help/fighting-extremism/russia.php#skip_menu.

  Lichtblau, Eric, and Carter Dougherty. 2008. “Siemens to Pay $1.34 Billion in Fines.” New York Times, December 15.

  Lieven, Anatol. 1998. Chechnya: Tombstone of Russian Power. New Haven: Yale University Press.

  Lieven, Dominic. 2000. Empire: The Russian Empire and Its Rivals. New Haven: Yale University Press.

  Linz, Juan J. 1978. The Breakdown of Democratic Regimes: Crisis, Breakdown, and Reequilibration. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

  Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1959. “Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy.” American Political Science Review 53, no. 1: 69–105.

  Lloyd, John. 1998. “Who Lost Russia?” New York Times, August 15.

  Lucas, Edward. 2008. The New Cold War: Putin’s Russia and the Threat to the West. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.

  Luzin, Pavel. 2017. “The Ominous Rise of Russian National Guard.” Intersection Project, July 21.

  Malia, Martin. 1999. Russia under Western Eyes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

  Malkova, Irina. 2013. “Poslednii konkvistador: kak Igor’ Sechin vedet bor’bu za neftyanoe gospodstvo” [The last conquistador: How Igor Sechin pursues his struggle for oil rule]. Forbes Russia
, December 20.

  Mance, Henry, and Vanessa Houlder. 2016. “Cameron Targets Offshore Owners of UK Property.” Financial Times, May 11.

  Mandelbaum, Michael. 2005. The Ideas That Conquered the World. New York: Public Affairs.

  ———. 2016. Mission Failure: America and the World in the Post–Cold War Era. New York: Oxford University Press.

  Mau, Vladimir. 2013a. Mezhdu modernizatsiei i zastoem: Ekonomicheskaya politika 2012 goda [Between modernization and stagnation: Economic policy in 2012]. Voprosy ekonomiki 2 (February): 4–23.

  ———. 2013b. “Chetyre dolgosrochnye problemy razvitiya” [Four long-term problems of development]. Vedomosti, February 20.

  Mau, Vladimir, and Irina Starodubrovskaya. 2001. The Challenge of Revolution: Contemporary Russia in Historical Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

  McFarlane, Sarah, and Summer Said. 2017. “Russia’s Rosneft State Sale with a Twist: Moscow Always Wanted It Back.” Wall Street Journal, June 7.

  McFaul, Michael. 2001. Russia’s Unfinished Revolution: Political Change from Gorbachev to Putin. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

  ———. 2006. “Conclusion: The Orange Revolution in a Comparative Perspective.” In Åslund and McFaul 2006. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

  ———. 2010. Advancing Democracy Abroad: Why We Should and How We Can. New York: Rowman and Littlefield.

  McFaul, Michael, and Kathryn Stoner-Weiss. 2008. “The Myth of the Authoritarian Model.” Foreign Affairs 87, no. 1: 68–84.

  McKinsey Global Institute. 1999. Unlocking Economic Growth in Russia. Moscow: Mc-Kinsey.

  Meduza. 2017. “Russia’s Senate Adopts New Legislation Cracking Down on Internet Anonymity.” July 25.

  Medvedev, Dmitri A. 2009a. “Dmitry Medvedev Instructed Prime Minister Vladimir Putin to Present Proposals on Reform of State Corporations by March 1, 2010.” November 13. en.kremlin.ru.

  ———. 2009b. “Dmitry Medvedev Instructed Prosecutor General Yury Chaika and Presidential Aide and Director of the Presidential Control Directorate Konstantin Chuychenko to Carry Out Comprehensive Checks into the Activities of State Corporations.” August 7. en.kremlin.ru.

  ———. 2009c. “First BRIC Summit Took Place in Yekaterinburg.” June 16. en.kremlin.ru.

  ———. 2009d. “Forwards Russia!” September 10. www.kremlin.ru.

  ———. 2010. “Working Meeting with the General Director of the State Corporation ‘Rostechnologies’ Sergei Chemezov.” September 13.

  ———. 2011. “Meeting with CEO of Russian Technologies (Rostekhnologii) State Corporation Sergei Chemezov.” May 19.

  Medvedeva, Elena. 2018. “Eksperty TsSR predlagayut otmenit’ valyutny kontrol’” [The experts of the Center for Strategic Research proposes to abolish currency control]. Vedomosti, March 14.

  Melnikov, Aleksandr. 2012. “Gennady Timchenko, Biografiya.” July 29. http://vspro.info.

  Mereminskaya, Yekaterina. 2016. “Gosudarstvo i goskompanii kontroliruyut 70% rossiiskoi ekonomiki” [The state and state companies control 70% of the Russian economy]. Vedomosti, September 29.

  Mereu, Francesca. 2006. “Bureaucrat Numbers Booming under Putin.” Moscow Times, April 13.

  Meyer, Henry. 2011. “Medvedev Shakes Up the Kremlin.” Bloomberg, April 7.

  Michalopoulos, Constantine, and Vladimir Drebentsov. 1997. “Observations on State Trading in the Russian Economy.” Post-Soviet Geography and Economics 38, no. 5: 264–275.

  Michalopoulos, Constantine, and David G. Tarr. 1997. “The Economics of Customs Union in the Commonwealth of Independent States.” Post-Soviet Geography and Economics 38, no. 3: 125–143.

  Michel, Casey. 2017. “The United States of Anonymity.” Briefing Paper. Washington, DC: Hudson Institute, Kleptocracy Initiative, November.

  Michels, Robert. 1911. Zur Soziologie des Parteiwesens in der modern Demokratie [The sociology of the party system in the modern democracy]. Leipzig: Werner Klinkhardt.

  Mikhailovskaya, Inga B. 1994. “Crime and Statistics: Do the Figures Reflect the Real Situation?” Demokratizatsiya 2, no. 3: 412–425.

  Miller, Chris. 2018. Putinomics: Power and Money in Resurgent Russia. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

  Milov, V., B. Nemtsov, V. Ryzhkov, and O. Shorina. 2011. “Putin. Corruption. An Independent White Paper.” Translated by Dave Essel. https://www.putin-itogi.ru/putin-corruption-an-independent-white-paper/.

  Minchenko, Yevgeny. 2012. “Vladimir Putin’s Big Government and the ‘Politburo 2.0.’” Moscow: Minchenko Consulting. www.minchenko.ru.

  Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation. 2018a. “Volume of the National Wealth Fund.” http://old.minfin.ru/en/nationalwealthfund/statistics/volume/index.php?id_4=5830.

  ———. 2018b. “Volume of the Reserve Fund.” http://old.minfin.ru/en/reservefund/statistics/volume/index.php?id_4=5817.

  Moscow Times. 2012. “Obama Signs Magnitsky Bill.” December 16.

  ———. 2015. “Rosneft Defends Medal for ‘Grown Man’ Ivan Sechin.” January 23.

  ———. 2016a. “Moscow Court Orders Rotenberg Company to Reveal Platon Tax System Deal.” January 28.

  ———. 2016b. “Putin Responds to Panama Papers after 4 Days of Keeping Silent.” April 7.

  ———. 2017. “Putin’s Cousin Earned $95,000 Every Day in 2016.” November 2.

  Moshes, Arkady. 2013. “Will Ukraine Join (and Save) the Eurasian Customs Union?” PONARS Eurasia Policy Memo 247. Washington, DC: PONARS Eurasia.

  Mostotrest. n.d. Mostotrest vkratse [Mostotrest in short]. http://ir.mostotrest.ru/ru/o-kompanii.html.

  Movchan, Veronika, and Ricardo Giucci. 2011. “Quantitative Assessment of Ukraine’s Regional Integration Options: DCFTA with European Union vs. Customs Union with Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan.” Policy Paper PP/05/2011. Kiev: Institute for Economic Research and Policy Consulting.

  Movchan, Veronika, David Saha, and Robert Kirchner. 2018. “The Impact of Russia’s Transit Restrictions on Ukraine’s Exports to Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.” Policy Briefing Series, February. Berlin: German Advisory Group.

  Murphy, Kevin A., Andrei Shleifer, and Robert W. Vishny. 1992. “The Transition to a Market Economy: Pitfalls of Partial Reform.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 57, no. 3: 889–903.

  Naftogaz Ukrainy. 2017. “The Stockholm Arbitration Tribunal Rejects Gazprom’s ‘Take-or-Pay’ Claim regarding the Gas Sales Contract,” May 31. www.naftogaz.com.

  NataDutilh. 2017. “Status Overview UBO Register Europe.” August 31. www.nautadutilh.com.

  NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization). 2008. “Bucharest Summit Declaration.” Bucharest, April 3. www.nato.int.

  Nazarov, Andrei. 2014. “Bezopasnost’: Glavnaya problema—ugolovnoe presledovanie” [Security: The main problem of criminal investigation]. Vedomosti, January 30.

  Nechepurenko, Ivan. 2017. “5 Who Killed Boris Nemtsov, Putin Foe, Sentenced in Russia.” New York Times, July 13.

  Nehamas, Nicholas, and Rene Rodriguez. 2017. “Feds Widen Hunt for Dirty Money in Miami Real Estate.” Miami Herald, August 23.

  Nemtsov, Boris, and Leonid Martynyuk. 2012. Zhizn’ raba na galerakh [The life of a galley slave]. Moscow. www.putin-itogi.ru.

  ———. 2014. Winter Olympics in the Sub-Tropics: Corruption and Abuse in Sochi. Moscow. https://www.putin-itogi.ru/cp/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Report_ENG_SOCHI-2014_preview.pdf.

  Nemtsov, Boris, and Vladimir Milov. 2008. Putin i Gazprom [Putin and Gazprom]. Moscow: Novaya Gazeta.

  ———. 2010a. Putin: Itogi. 10 let [Putin: What 10 years of Putin have brought]. Moscow: Novaya Gazeta.

  ———. 2010b. Putin: Korruptsiya 2 [Putin: Corruption 2]. Moscow: Novaya Gazeta.

  Nickerson, James. 2016. “I Took a ‘Kleptocracy Tour’ around London and Discovered the Corruption Capital.” New Statesman, March 7.

  Nielsen, Thomas. 2017. “FSB Gets Right to Confiscate Land from People.” Barents Observer, May
16.

  North, Douglass C. 1994. Structure and Change in Economic History. New York: Norton.

  Novaya Gazeta. 2009a. “13 druzei Putina” [13 friends of Putin]. December 29.

  ———. 2009b. “Pokhozhy na Millera, stroit dachu pokhozhuyu na dvorets v Petergofe” [A person similar to Miller builds a palace similar to Peterhof]. June 9.

  ———. 2009c. “Vse Goskorporatsii Rossii” [All state corporations of Russia]. July 24.

  ———. 2017. “Medvedev otvetil no obvineniya Navalnogo” [Medvedev responded to Navalny’s accusations]. April 4.

  Nove, Alec. 1977. The Soviet Economic System. London: George Allen and Unwin.

  ———. 1989. Glasnost’ in Action: Cultural Renaissance in Russia. Boston: Unwin Hyman.

  Novikov, Alexey. 2015. “Gazprom Picks Russian Auditor over PwC.” Interfax, March 30.

  Novokmet, Filip, Thomas Piketty, and Gabriel Zucman. 2017. “From Soviets to Oligarchs: Inequality and Property in Russia, 1905–2016.” NBER Working Paper 23712. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.

  Olcott, Martha Brill, Anders Åslund, and Sherman Garnett. 1999. Getting It Wrong. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

  Olearchyk, Roman, and Henry Foy. 2018. “Ukraine’s Naftogaz Claims $2.5 Billion Win over Russia’s Gazprom.” Financial Times, March 1.

  Oomes, Nienke, and Katerina Kalcheva. 2007. “Diagnosing Dutch Disease: Does Russia Have the Symptoms?” IMF Working Paper 07/102. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.

  OCCRP. 2017. “The Russian Laundromat Exposed,” March 20. Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project. www.occrp.org.

  “Osnovnye napravleniya sotsial’no-ekonomicheskoi politiki pravitel’stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii na dolgosrochnuiu perspektivy” [Basic directions of the social-economic policy of the government of the Russian Federation in the long-term perspective]. 2000. Mimeo. Moscow: “Gref Program.”

  Ostrovsky, Arkady. 2005. “Gazprom Buys Sibneft Stake for $13.1bn.” Financial Times, September 28.

  ———. 2015. The Invention of Russia: The Journey from Gorbachev’s Freedom to Putin’s War. London: Atlantic Books.

  Owen, David, and David O. Robinson, eds. 2003. Russia Rebounds. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.

 

‹ Prev