congressional blank check to, 368–69
cult of, 405–8
imperial powers of, 149–50, 392
Presley, Elvis, 75
preventive war
Bush Doctrine of, 80–81, 82–85, 104, 363, 366, 384, 390, 467
Cold War idea of, 175
Iraq War as, 104, 363
Obama variant of, 21
Rumsfeld on, 81
Wohlstetter Precept on, 17
Princeton University, 5–6, 45–46
privatization of war, 438–39
progressivism, 145, 421, 444
Project for the New American Century (PNAC), 69, 102
Putin, Vladimir, 29, 242
Qaddafi, Muammar, al-, 261, 311, 312, 427
Qaeda, al-, 61, 300
affiliates, 291, 345
Saddam Hussein’s alleged ties to, 19, 107
US war against, 127, 344–45, 402
Rabin, Yitzhak, 268
Rand, Ayn, 455
Rapid Deployment Joint Task Force, 314
Ravelstein (Bellow), 16
Reagan, Ronald, 51, 169, 307, 370, 455
on America never starting war, 80, 310
Cold War and, 71, 155, 224, 302
military buildup under, 309–10, 466
military interventions under, 310–16, 320
reality, 431–32
regime change, 304, 381
religion, 171, 440, 441–43, 459
Reno, R. R., 185, 188
Republican Party, 144, 401, 411–12, 414, 426–27, 459
Republic Lost, Version 2.0 (Lessig), 429
revisionism, 253–65
Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA), 101–2
Rice, Condoleezza, 187, 430–31
Global War on Terror and, 21, 325, 332, 337
Rumsfeld and, 78, 370
Rice, Susan, 187, 331, 332, 338, 430–31
The Rise of the Vulcans (Mann), 325
risk management, 84, 93–96
risk reduction, 85, 96–98
Roberts, John, 369
Rockefeller, John D., 135
Rodgers, Richard, 255
Roman Empire, 155, 204, 388, 390
Romney, Mitt, 65, 457
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 33
Roosevelt, Franklin, 24, 31, 169, 421, 426
domestic promises by, 258, 452
Good Neighbor policy of, 217
Saudi Arabia and, 162, 303
World War II and, 184, 192, 223, 277, 305, 321, 322, 332, 375–76, 447
Roosevelt, Theodore, 134, 275
American interventionism and, 26, 216–17, 229, 277
Corollary, 217, 396
Philippines and, 289, 291
progressivism and, 421, 444
Rove, Karl, 457
Rovere, Richard, 34
Rubin, Jennifer, 241, 242
Rubio, Marco, 28
Rumsfeld, Donald, 73–79, 293, 314, 332
biographical information, 74
Bremer and, 78, 112
on changing the way others live, 163, 283
in Ford administration, 76
Franks and, 123–24, 130, 372
Global War on Terror and, 76, 81, 103, 325
on History That Matters, 233, 236
intra-bureaucratic battles by, 367–68, 369–70
Iraq War and, 21, 77, 78–79, 104, 109, 112–13, 130, 366, 372–73
Known and Unknown: A Memoir, 73–74, 79
on military transformation, 371, 374
personal qualities, 113–14
Rice and, 78, 370
on Vietnam, 74–75
Wolfowitz and, 18, 370
Rumsfeld Commission, 86, 87
Ryan, Paul, 65
Sakharov, Andrei, 302
Salinger, J. D., 4
Sanchez, Ricardo, 78, 106, 118, 373
Wiser in Battle: A Soldier’s Story, 105, 113–16
Sandburg, Carl, 4
Sanders, Bernie, 208, 421, 427
Santayana, George, 264
Santorum, Rick, 65
Saudi Arabia, 319, 367
Roosevelt support to, 162, 303
US troops in, 317, 323
Saudi Arabian National Guard (SANG), 304, 319
Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr., 31–38
biographical information, 32–34
Kennedy and, 34–36
Niebuhr and, 33, 34, 166
works of,
—The Age of Jackson, 33
—“Back to the Womb? Isolationism’s Renewed Threat,” 248
—The Bitter Heritage, 36
—The Disuniting of America, 37
—The General and the President, 34
—The Imperial Presidency, 37
—“The New Isolationism,” 247–48
—Orestes Brownson, 32, 37
—Robert Kennedy and His Times, 37
—A Thousand Days, 35–36
—The Vital Center, 34
Schlesinger, Arthur M., Sr., 32, 33
Schumer, Chuck, 413
Schwarzkopf, H. Norman, 120, 128, 268
Scowcroft, Brent, 331
selective memory, 183–84
self-defense, 228, 351, 363, 398–99
“anticipatory,” 76, 84, 97, 384, 390
as Iraq War justification, 107, 108–9, 110
prevailing US definition of, 353
self-determination, 71, 159, 294, 361, 362
Serbia, 352, 401
sexuality, 280–81, 441
Shalikashvili, John, 103
“shaping,” 102–3
Shelton, Hugh, 102–3
Shields, John, 418
Shinseki, Eric, 372
“shock and awe,” 104, 270, 371, 379
Short Twentieth Century, 257–62, 263–64
Shultz, George, 314
simple solutions, 169, 174–75
socialism, 87, 161, 422
social protests, 154–55, 184, 259, 436–37, 449
social revolutions, 157–58
Somalia intervention, 99, 191, 269–70
“Black Hawk down” incident in, 318, 436
Somoza, Anastasio, 55, 329
Soviet Union
Afghanistan war of, 61, 302, 304, 310–11, 312, 316
and Cuban Missile Crisis, 55, 90–92, 154, 302, 425
disappearance of, 302, 356
under Gorbachev, 71, 201–2, 224, 291
Kennan on, 43, 44–45, 46
and nuclear weapons, 87, 88–89
under Stalin, 43, 64, 244, 259, 277, 343, 356
in World War II, 70, 88, 223–24, 258, 342
See also Cold War
Spanish-American War, 160, 216–17, 341
Special Operations Command, 353
Springsteen, Bruce, 8
Stalin, Joseph, 43, 64, 356
and Cold War, 244, 259, 343
and World War II, 70, 223, 277, 342
State Department, 63, 277, 330, 368, 402, 431, 442
and Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD), 106, 111
Rumsfeld as adversary of, 77–78, 368, 369
State of Denial (Woodward), 336
Stephens, Bret, 241
Stevenson, Adlai, 245, 425, 430
in election of 1956, 424–25, 426, 433
Stimson Doctrine, 92n
Stiner, Carl, 119
strategy
containment, 30, 80–81, 99, 317–18, 343, 377, 468
of expansion, 178–79
fondness for term, 77, 91–93
in Global War on Terror, 177, 381–85
Iraq War and, 109–10, 130–31, 336–37
nuclear, 16, 85–86, 88–91, 98, 100
Open Door, 92, 160–61, 162, 163–65, 219
Suez Crisis (1956), 261, 296
Supreme Court, 369
Syria, 186, 191, 240–41, 338, 357
Taft, William Howard, 405
Taliban, 61, 127, 401
Tanenhaus, Sam, 242
Tanzania, 103, 319
tax policies, 414<
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Tea Party, 138, 449
Tenet, George, 21, 369
Time, 408
Tito, Josip Broz, 54–55
torture
Abu Ghraib scandal, 20, 77, 114, 125, 170
Rumsfeld and, 113
The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (Williams), 153–54, 156, 158, 159, 162, 165
Trainor, Bernard, 365–74
Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), 427
Traub, James, 247
Truman, Harry, 276, 303, 305, 360
and Cold War, 322, 343, 398
speech to Congress by, 396–98
Truman Doctrine, 46, 245, 401, 402
outlining of, 396–98
Trump, Donald, 38, 197–200, 415–19, 421
America First perspective of, 184, 186–87, 192–93
election campaign of, 208–10, 227, 429, 432–33
election of, 26, 28, 32, 198, 201, 206, 208–9, 411–12, 423, 426, 427
on globalization, 186, 209–10
“make America great again” slogan of, 29–30, 186, 209
media on, 198, 408
personal qualities, 27, 186, 193, 208–9, 407
as president, 407–9, 416
presidential ascendancy of, 26, 28, 32, 201
promise to “build a wall,” 229
reactions to election of, 210–11, 407
resistance to, 408
scapegoating by, 210
support for, 187, 408, 416
Tunisia, 79, 338
Turkey, 245, 303, 317, 397–98
Turmoil and Triumph (Schultz), 314
Turner, Frederick Jackson, 158, 200, 278
Twain, Mark, 276
“unipolar moment,” 99, 189, 286
United Kingdom, 67–68, 184, 189
Global War on Terror, 262
during Suez Crisis, 261, 296
See also British Empire
United States military
bases abroad, 269, 284, 314–15, 362
budget for, 94, 358–59, 384, 412, 438
high-tech weaponry of, 97, 378–79
inter-service collaboration within, 127–28
organization of, 380
penchant for overseas use of, 176, 213, 215–16, 261, 268–69, 324–25, 400
during Philippines insurgency, 219, 288–91, 341
pomp and ceremony for, 460–64
proposed guidelines for use of, 362–64, 467–68
Reagan buildup of, 309–10, 466
serving in, 414, 438, 465–66, 467
“support the troops” narrative, 463, 466, 468–69
See also Afghanistan War (United States); Iraq War; military interventions; Vietnam War; World War I; World War II
United States National Security Strategy (USNSS), 381–85
Updike, John, 409
USS Cole, 103, 319
USS Stark, 311
utopian globalism, 185, 186, 188, 189, 190, 192
utopianism, 184–87, 455–56
Vandenberg, Arthur, 397
Venezuela, 241, 357, 358
Vietnam Syndrome, 370, 467
Vietnam War, 5, 22, 56, 57, 157, 229, 276
anti-war movement, 154–55
Cold War conceptions of, 221, 302, 333
Diem overthrow and, 71, 250–52
“new isolationism” and, 245–46
Rumsfeld on, 74–75
Wohlstetter School on, 21, 96–97
Vinnell Corporation, 304
Volstead Act of 1919, 406
von Moltke, Helmuth (elder), 382
von Moltke, Helmuth (younger), 127
Waging Modern War (Clark), 120
Wakefield, Tim, 462
Wallace, Henry A., 243
Wall Street Journal, 204, 241
war
American people and, 450–51
Bourne on, 148, 149–51
culture and, 434–39
in God’s name, 62–63
high-tech, 97, 378–79
living room, 376–80
opposition to, within United States, 154–55, 214
politics and, 129–30
See also Civil War; Global War on Terror; Iraq War; Mexican War; Spanish-American War; Vietnam War; World War I; World War II
War and Decision (Feith), 105–13, 116
war on terror. See Global War on Terror
War Powers Resolution of 1973, 406
Warren, Elizabeth, 421
Washington, George, 191, 332, 361, 388, 396
Washington Consensus, 422
Washington Naval Conference (1921–22), 92n, 219
Washington Post, 51–52, 86–87, 204, 249, 386
Waugh, Evelyn, 11
wealth
globalization’s creation of, 69, 99, 188, 203, 207, 409, 411
inequality, 207, 448–49, 452
weapons of mass destruction (WMD), 19, 77, 107, 108, 126
Weekly Standard, 25, 204, 454
Weinberger, Caspar, 312
Weinberger Doctrine, 401
Westmoreland, William, 129
West Point, 1–2, 6
Why We Were in Vietnam (Podhoretz), 325
Williams, William Appleman, 11, 153–65, 455
on American Weltanschauung, 159–60
as historian, 156, 158–59
left-wing views of, 154–55, 161
on Open Door strategy, 160–61
The Tragedy of American Diplomacy, 153–54, 156, 158, 159, 162, 165
on war, 156–57
Wills, Garry, 307
Wilson, Woodrow, 92n, 229, 444
on America’s mission, 169, 388
Fourteen Points of, 396, 446
and World War I, 145, 149, 183, 222–23, 234–35, 258, 305, 323, 341, 382
Winthrop, John, 360
Wiser in Battle: A Soldier’s Story (Sanchez), 105, 113–16
Wohlstetter, Albert, 16–17, 21–22, 101, 104
on Balkan crisis, 99–100
biographical information, 81
on Cold War and nuclear strategy, 16, 85–86, 88–89, 98, 100
“The Delicate Balance of Terror,” 88–89, 90
influence of, 81–82, 101
on Vietnam, 97
Wohlstetter, Roberta
on Cuban Missile Crisis, 90–92
Pearl Harbor: Warning and Decision, 89–90
Wohlstetter School, 17, 101
Bush Doctrine and, 82–84
Cold War and, 85–89
legacies of, 101–4
looming peril as precept of, 84–85, 86–88
offensive-orientated approach of, 85, 87, 97, 98
risk management as precept of, 84–85, 93–96
risk reduction as precept of, 85, 96–98
Wolfowitz, Paul, 15–16, 106
Iraq War and, 18–22, 104, 336, 366, 372
Rumsfeld and, 18, 370
War on Terror and, 19, 103, 325, 332
Wohlstetter and, 81, 87
women and gender, 430–31, 442
Wood, Leonard, 289, 290, 291
Woodward, Bob, 336
World War I, 300
disillusionment from, 183
naming of, 341–42
narrative and justifications of, 145–46, 149, 183, 222–23, 234–35, 258
World War II, 33, 68, 275
Allied bombing in, 70–71, 258
America First view of, 184, 193
Germany in, 126–27, 223–24, 342
inconvenient facts about, 71, 258–59
Japan and, 72, 92–93, 220, 300, 342
naming of, 342
Pearl Harbor and, 72, 89–90, 92–93, 220, 375
Soviet army in, 70, 88, 223–24, 258, 342
standard narratives of, 70–71, 235–36, 254–56
United States on a war footing during, 375–76
war for Europe during, 223–24
World War III, 238, 298, 301, 302, 343
World War IV, 298–325
(G. H. W.) Bush pursuit of, 316–17
(G. W.) Bush waging of, 321–25
Carter Doctrine as beginning of, 303–7
Clinton pursuit of, 317–20
phases of, 316, 322, 323
Reagan waging of, 310–16
War on Terror named as, 298–99, 340
Yugoslavia, 54–55, 99, 100, 126
Zimbabwe, 277
Zinni, Tony, 119–20
ANDREW J. BACEVICH is professor emeritus of history and international relations at Boston University and is the author of numerous books, including America's War for the Greater Middle East: A Military History.
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