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Image Credits
p. 8 The delegates at the 1927 Solvay conference in Brussels; photograph by Benjamin Couprie, Institut International de Physique Solvay, Brussels, Belgium
p. 11 Max Planck; reproduced courtesy of the Archives of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin-Dahlem
p. 35 Peter Debye; reproduced courtesy of the Archives of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin-Dahlem
p. 40 Werner Heisenberg; photograph by Fritz Hund, reproduced courtesy of the Archives of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin-Dahlem
p. 118 The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics; reproduced courtesy of the Archives of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin-Dahlem
p. 119 The high-voltage equipment at the KWIP, from Berliner Illustrierte Zeitung (1937), p. 16, reproduced courtesy of the Archives of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin-Dahlem
p. 159 The 1933 Solvay conference; photograph by Benjamin Couprie, Institut International de Physique Solvay, Brussels, Belgium
Index
academic freedom, under the Nazis 48, 69–72
Alberer, Elizabeth 181–3
Albrecht, Helmuth 63, 64
Alsos mission 194, 195, 198, 228
Anshen, Ruth Nanda 204
anti-Semitism 21, 50–60, 72, 82–8
Appleget, Thomas 112
Aryan physics, see Deutche Physik
Asilomar Conference (1975) 261, 262
Aston, Francis 150–2
atomic physics 23–5, 88, 149
Bagge, Erich 188, 197, 221, 222
Bavarian Academy of Sciences 77, 78
Becquerel, Henri 143, 144
Berg, Paul 261, 262
Bernstein, Jeremy 198, 202, 215
Bethe, Hans 36, 55, 155, 215
Bewilogua, Ludwig 118
Beyerchen, Alan 9, 44, 67, 71, 244, 248
biotechnology 261, 262
Bloch, Felix 55
Bohr, Aage 215, 256
Bohr, Niels 41, 134, 139, 150, 151, 161, 202, 223, 256
—and quantum theory 24, 29–31
—Copenhagen meeting 205–11, 215
Born, Max 12, 23, 25, 26, 31, 41, 55, 57–9, 69, 70, 249, 260
Bosch, Carl 67, 68, 97, 133, 134, 135, 165
Bothe, Walther 90, 153, 154, 187, 188, 192, 216
Bracher, Karl Dietrich 47
Brack, Viktor 120, 121
Braun, Wernher von 191, 227
Breit, Gregory 172
Bridgman, Percy 254, 255, 260
Bush, George W., interference in science 266
Butenandt, Adolf 120
Casimir, Hendrik 38, 210, 247
Cassidy, David 103, 206
cathode rays 15, 23, 83, 84, 143
Chadwick, James 153–5
Civil Service Laws 3, 43, 54, 55, 63, 66
Cockcroft, John 156, 163
Copenhagen (Frayn, 1998) 204, 205, 210
Cornell University
—and Peter Debye 2, 3, 166, 169, 171, 178
—response to the Debye affair 3, 237, 238
cosmic rays 145
Coster, Dirk 134, 135, 136, 195
Courant, Richard 70, 224
Curie, Marie 7, 142, 144, 145, 147–9
Curie, Pierre 144, 145, 148, 149
Dames, Wilhelm 124–6, 187
Dawkins, Richard 253
Debye, Mathilde (née Alberer) 38, 168, 169, 174, 179, 181
Debye, Mathilde Maria (‘Maida’; daughter) 38, 180–3
Debye, Peter 1–5, 6, 23, 89, 100, 165–9, 187, 212, 243, 245, 249
—2006 controversy 2, 234–41, 248, 249
—and anti-Semitism 3, 130–3
—and the German Physical Society 122–33
—and the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics 2, 107–21, 165–7, 179–81
—early life of 34–7
—family life 168, 169, 180–4, 235
—in the United States 171–86, 234
—Nobel Prize 121, 122
—pre-war career 24, 36–9, 71, 107–41
Debye, Peter (Jnr) 38, 114, 131, 169, 236, 237
Debye-Saxinger, Norwig 127, 178, 181
Delbrück, Max 68, 127, 184, 185
Deutsche Physik 82–106, 221
Diebner, Kurt 164, 166, 188, 189, 192, 197, 218, 221
Döpel, Robert 192, 219, 222
Dorsman, Leen 249
Dürrenmatt, Friedrich 245
Ebermayer, Erich 50
Eddington, Arthur 15
Ehrenfest, Paul 130, 174
Eickhoff, Martijn 130–2, 137, 179, 235, 237, 239
Einstein, Albert 15, 23, 31, 37, 72, 109, 110, 138, 163, 177, 249
—and anti-Semitism 55, 82, 85–94
—and quantum theory 13, 14, 27, 29
—and the Prussian Academy of Sciences 73–8
—comments on Peter Debye 173–5
—German criticism of 9, 19, 82, 85–9
—theories of special and general relativity 14, 15
Elster, Julius 146
Epstein, Paul 37, 234
Esau, Abraham 125, 169, 187, 193, 201
Ewald, Paul 37, 80, 94, 123
Fajans, Kasimir 129–30, 172
Farm Hall 197–202, 221, 222
Feather, Norman 155, 156
Fermi, Enrico 123, 155, 158, 159, 161, 162, 189, 216
Ficker, Heinrich von 74, 77–9
Finkelnburg, Wolfgang 220, 221
First World War 5, 10, 11, 15, 18
Fischer, Emil 11, 16
Flügge, Siegfried 163
Fokker, Adriaan 135
Foley, Francis Edward 139
Forman, Paul 31, 265, 266
Fosdick, Raymond 111
&
nbsp; Franck, James 55, 69, 85, 90, 95, 110, 112, 175, 234, 249
Frank, Philipp 80
Frayn, Michael 204, 205
Frisch, Otto 134, 161
Gans, Richard 129, 130
Geiger, Hans 90, 99, 110, 149, 152, 187, 188
Geitel, Hans 146
Gerlach, Walther 103, 193, 197, 201, 202, 219, 223
German Physical Society (DPG) 2, 74, 122–30, 169–71, 220, 221, 234
German science
—post-WWI 9–11, 15–20
—social and cultural context 7–10
Gisevius, Hans Bernd 6, 45, 46, 233, 246, 247
Glaser, Ludwig 87, 90, 91
Glum, Friedrich 71, 109, 110
Goebbels, Joseph 33, 47, 50, 74, 116, 142, 170
Goering, Hermann 170, 174, 191
Goudsmit, Samuel 9, 55, 124, 171, 172, 194–6, 198, 199, 204, 213, 214, 223, 225, 227, 228, 241, 242, 249, 263
Groth, Wilhelm 163, 187
Grotrian, Walter 227
Groves, Leslie 194, 198, 213
Haber, Fritz 11, 17, 18, 61, 65–9, 109, 248
Haberer, Joseph 68, 251, 252, 255, 256, 258, 259, 266
Hahn, Otto 43, 44, 57, 67, 68, 122, 133, 135, 136, 138, 149, 158–60, 188, 190, 191, 197, 199, 200, 223, 224, 230, 231, 251
Hanle, Wilhelm 187, 216
Harnack, Adolf von 16–21
Harteck, Paul 163, 187, 188, 191–4, 197, 199
heavy water 140, 162, 188, 193, 194
Heilbron, John 10, 57, 104, 220
Heisenberg, Elizabeth (née Schumacher) 40
Heisenberg, Werner 4–6, 15, 23, 46, 57–9, 67, 71, 96, 98–103, 121, 185, 194–6, 197, 199, 200, 202–5, 225, 226, 241–3, 249
—and quantum theory 25–30
—and the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics 183, 192
—Copenhagen meeting 205–11
—early life 39–42
—family life 40
—post-war career 219, 225
—uncertainty principle 28
—work in nuclear physics 145, 187–94, 202–5, 211–19
Hentschel, Klaus 129, 170, 205, 224, 239
Hertz, Gustav 90, 249
Hess, Kurt 133, 136
Hess, Victor 145
Heuss, Theodor 47
Heymann, Ernst 75, 77, 78
Hilbert, David 70
Himmler, Heinrich 100–2, 134, 191
Hitler, Adolf 20, 21, 43, 44, 49, 50, 52, 60–4, 90, 93, 94, 120