by P. W. Singer
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11. Zach D. Roberts, “Earlier in a Parking Garage in #Charlottesville—White Supremacists Beat This Black Kid w/ Poles.” Twitter, @zdroberts, August 12, 2017. https://twitter.com/zdroberts/status/896519908795854848.
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12. Sam Reisman, “Trump: ‘Knock the Crap Out’ of Protesters, I’ll Pay Legal Fees.” Daily Beast, February 1, 2016. https://www.thedailybeast.com/cheats/2016/02/01/trump-i-ll-pay-for-protester-beatings.
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13. “Yellow Vests Movement.” Wikipedia. Accessed July 28, 2019. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_vests_movement#Protests_outside_France_adopting_yellow_vests_as_a_symbol.
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14. Gavin Haynes, “The White Polo Shirt: How the Alt-Right Co-Opted a Modern Classic.” The Guardian, August 30, 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2017/aug/30/the-white-polo-shirt-how-the-alt-right-co-opted-a-modern-classic.
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15. Patrick Howell O’Neill, “Drones Emerge as New Dimension in Cyberwar.” CyberScoop, February 5, 2018. https://www.cyberscoop.com/apolloshield-septier-drones-uav-cyberwar-hacking/.
“Teenager Hacks Drone to Prove Cyber Attack Risk.” Reuters, May 3, 2019. https://www.reuters.com/video/2019/05/03/teenager-hacks-drone-to-prove-cyber-atta-id545468936.
US Department of Homeland Security-CERT, “ICS Alert (ICS-ALERT-19-211-01): CAN Bus Network Implementation in Avionics.” Issued July 30, 2019. https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/alerts/ics-alert-19-211-01?wpisrc=nl_cybersecurity202&wpmm=1.
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16. US Department of Defense, “Department of Defense Announces Successful Micro-Drone Demonstration.” Press release, January 9, 2017. https://dod.defense.gov/News/News-Releases/News-Release-View/Article/1044811/department-of-defense-announces-successful-micro-drone-demonstration/.
Fortune Magazine, “Drone Swarms Are the New Fireworks in China.” YouTube, June 14, 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZbCR8mOPkuo.
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17. Jeffrey Lin and Peter W. Singer, “This People-Moving Drone Has Completed More Than 1,000 Test Flights.” Popular Science, February 8, 2018. https://www.popsci.com/ehang-passenger-carrying-drone/.
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18. Elliot Carter, “The Hidden Chamber Underneath the Lincoln Memorial.” Atlas Obscura. Accessed June 25, 2019. http://www.atlasobscura.com/places/lincoln-memorial-undercroft.
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19. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, “AI Next campaign.” Accessed July 21, 2019. https://www.darpa.mil/work-with-us/ai-next-campaign.
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20. Kirsten Gronlund, “State of AI: Artificial Intelligence, the Military and Increasingly Autonomous Weapons.” Future of Life Institute, May 9, 2019. https://futureoflife.org/2019/05/09/state-of-ai/.
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21. Sharon Weinberger, The Imagineers of War: The Untold Story of DARPA, the Pentagon Agency That Changed the World. New York: Knopf, 2017.
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, “How DARPA Created AI.” DARPATV, December 7, 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ri5gOjYgLns.
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22. Richa Bhatia, “Understanding the Difference Between Symbolic AI & Non Symbolic AI.” Analytics India Magazine (blog), December 27, 2017. https://www.analyticsindiamag.com/understanding-difference-symbolic-ai-non-symbolic-ai/.
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23. “Exodus 7—New International Version (NIV).” Biblica. Accessed June 25, 2019. https://www.biblica.com/bible/niv/exodus/7/.
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13. FBI DOMESTIC SPECIAL DETENTION FACILITY
1. US Army TRADOC, “The Democratization of Dual Use Technology.” US Army Mad Scientist Laboratory, June 27, 2019. https://madsciblog.tradoc.army.mil/157-the-democratization-of-dual-use-technology/.
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2. Leela Jacinto, “Turkey’s Coup Brought to You via Plotters’ WhatsApp Posts.” France24, July 25, 2016. https://www.france24.com/en/20160725-turkey-coup-whatsapp-plotters-erdogan-media.
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3. Fathali M. Moghaddam, “The Staircase to Terrorism: A Psychological Exploration.” American Psychologist 60(2) (February–March 2005): 161–69. https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2F0003-066X.60.2.161.
Martha Crenshaw. Explaining Terrorism: Causes, Processes and Consequences. London and New York: Routledge, 2011.
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14. POTOMAC OVERLOOK NEIGHBORHOOD
1. Leon Cook, “New Full-Color Night Vision Could Revolutionize Troops’ Ability to Operate in Dark.” Stars and Stripes, January 16, 2019. https://content.jwplatform.com/previews/UsNYCGmj-9WGzrfLj.
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2. John Ismay, “Stargazing in a War Zone.” New York Times, September 12, 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/12/magazine/stargazing-war-zone.html.
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3. Department of Homeland Security, “Radar Systems for Through-the-Wall Surveillance.” July 22, 2016. https://www.dhs.gov/publication/radar-systems-through-wall-surveillance.
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4. IRobot 510 PackBot. Photograph, 800 x 550. Accessed June 26, 2019. https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/imgs/irobot-510-packbot.jpg.
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5. Frank Colucci, “Explosive Ordnance Disposal Robots Outfitted with Weapons.” National Defense, August 1, 2003. https://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/articles/2003/8/1/2003august-explosive-ordnance-disposal-robots-outfitted-with-weapons.
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6. Marshall Brain and Charles W. Bryant, “How Capacitors Work.” HowStuffWorks. Accessed July 8, 2019. https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/capacitor.htm.
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7. Jeffrey Lewis, “The EMPire Strikes Back.” Foreign Policy, May 24, 2013. https://foreignpolicy.com/2013/05/24/the-empire-strikes-back/.
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8. “Capitol Power Plant.” Architect of the Capitol, March 14, 2019. https://www.aoc.gov/capitol-buildings/capitol-power-plant.
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15. BALLSTON NEIGHBORHOOD
1. Adam Janofsky, “Federal Researchers Simulate Power Grid Cyberattack, Find Holes in Response Plan.” Wall Street Journal, November 9, 2018. https://www.wsj.com/articles/federal-researchers-simulate-power-grid-cyberattack-find-holes-in-response-plan-1541785202.
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2. Ready.gov, “Build a Kit.” Accessed June 26, 2019. https://www.ready.gov/build-a-kit.
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3. Alexis Madrigal, “Should Children Form Emotional Bonds with Robots?” The Atlantic, December 2017. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2017/12/my-sons-first-robot/544137/.
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4. “Testimony of Erik Prince,” US House of Representatives, Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. November 30, 2017. https://docs.house.gov/meetings/IG/IG00/20171130/106661/HHRG-115-IG00-Transcript-20171130.pdf.
US District Court for the District of Columbia, “Lawsuit Filed by Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington v. US Department of Justice.” December 2018. https://s3.amazonaws.com/storage.citizensforethics.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/10165327/Giuliani-Complaint.pdf; P. W. Singer and Emerson T. Brooking, LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2018.
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5. “Quis Custodiet Ipsos Custodes?” Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2019. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quis_custodiet_ipsos_custodes%3F&oldid=900799787.
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6. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency program manager, interview by Peter W. Singer, Washington, DC, April 30, 2019.
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7. Shane Harris, “New Zealand Attack Exposes How Little the U.S. and Its Allies Share Intelligence on Domestic Terrorism Threats.” Washington Post, March 16, 2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/new-zealand-attack-exposes-how-little-the-us-and-its-allies-share-intelligence-on-domestic-terror-threats/2019/03/16/42c14d9c-4744-11e9-8aab-95b8d80a1e4f_story.html.
[back]
8. Peter W. Singer, “National Security Pros, It’s Time to Talk About Right-Wing Extremism.” Defen
se One, February 28, 2018. https://www.defenseone.com/threats/2018/02/national-security-pros-its-time-talk-about-right-wing-extremism/146319/.
Kathy Gilsinan, “How White-Supremacist Violence Echoes Other Forms of Terrorism.” The Atlantic, March 15, 2019. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2019/03/violence-new-zealand-echoes-past-terrorist-patterns/585043/.
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9. Steve Haruch, “Why Corporate Executives Talk About ‘Opening Their Kimonos.’” NPR.org, November 2, 2014. https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/11/02/360479744/why-corporate-executives-talk-about-opening-their-kimonos.
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10. Paul Miller, “What Is Edge Computing?” The Verge, May 7, 2018. https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2018/5/7/17327584/edge-computing-cloud-google-microsoft-apple-amazon.
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11. Frank Luerweg, “The Internet Knows You Better Than Your Spouse Does.” Scientific American, March 14, 2019. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-internet-knows-you-better-than-your-spouse-does/.
[back]
12. Andreas Vogel and Nicholas Wright, “Alexa, What Is a Conflict of Interest?” Slate, May 10, 2019. https://slate.com/technology/2019/05/alexa-amazon-voice-assistant-conflict-interest-regulation.html.
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13. “Scientists Shocked by Arctic Permafrost Thawing 70 Years Sooner Than Predicted.” The Guardian, June 18, 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/jun/18/arctic-permafrost-canada-science-climate-crisis.
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14. “The Most Expensive Car Interiors in the World.” Simoniz (blog), September 16, 2016. https://www.holtsauto.com/simoniz/news/expensive-car-interiors-world/.
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15. Behnood Gholami, Wassim M. Haddad, and James M. Bailey, “AI Could Provide Moment-by-Moment Nursing for a Hospital’s Sickest Patients.” IEEE Spectrum, September 24, 2018. https://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/devices/ai-could-provide-momentbymoment-nursing-for-a-hospitals-sickest-patients.
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16. GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
1. Katie Malafronte, “Facial-recognition Technology Banned in San Francisco.” Campus Safety Magazine, May 15, 2019. https://www.campussafetymagazine.com/technology/facial-recognition-san-francisco/.
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2. Alistair M. C. Isaac and Will Bridewell, “White Lies on Silver Tongues: Why Robots Need to Be Able to Deceive (And How).” In Patrick Lin, Ryan Jenkins, and Keith Abney (eds.), Robot Ethics 2.0, New York: Oxford University Press, 2017. Available at https://www.nrl.navy.mil/itd/aic/sites/www.nrl.navy.mil.itd.aic/files/pdfs/chapter_oso-9780190652951-chapter-11.pdf.
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3. Lily Hay Newman, “AI Can Recognize Your Face Even If You’re Pixilated.” Wired, September 12, 2016. https://www.wired.com/2016/09/machine-learning-can-identify-pixelated-faces-researchers-show/.
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4. David Cardinal, “Quantum Cryptography Demystified: How It Works in Plain Language.” ExtremeTech, March 11, 2019. https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/287094-quantum-cryptography.
S. Kak, “A Three-Stage Quantum Cryptography Protocol.” Foundations of Physics Letters, vol. 19 (3) (2006): 293–96.
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17. GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
1. Zachary Tomlinson, “15 Medical Robots That Are Changing the World.” Interesting Engineering, October 11, 2018. https://interestingengineering.com/15-medical-robots-that-are-changing-the-world.
[back]
2. “You Are My Sunshine.” Louisiana State Song, State Symbols USA. Accessed September 19, 2019. https://statesymbolsusa.org/symbol-official-item/louisiana/state-song/you-are-my-sunshine.
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18. GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
1. Robert Hartle, “How Heat Sinks Work.” HowStuffWorks. Accessed June 18, 2019. https://computer.howstuffworks.com/heat-sink.htm.
[back]
2. Matt Turek, “Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI).” Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Accessed July 6, 2019. https://www.darpa.mil/program/explainable-artificial-intelligence.
Molly Kovite, “I, Black Box: Explainable Artificial Intelligence and the Limits of Human Deliberative Processes.” War on the Rocks, July 5, 2019. https://warontherocks.com/2019/07/i-black-box-explainable-artificial-intelligence-and-the-limits-of-human-deliberative-processes/.
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3. Ghiselaine Vu-Han, “Perfecting the Phosphorus Process.” MIT-The Tech, March 8, 2018. https://chemistry.mit.edu/chemistry-news/perfecting-the-phosphorus-process/.
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4. “Factbox: Key Facts About White Phosphorus Munitions.” Reuters, May 8, 2009. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-afghanistan-phosphorus-facts-sb/factbox-key-facts-about-white-phosphorus-munitions-idUSTRE5471T620090508.
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5. Paul Reynolds, “White Phosphorous: Weapon on the Edge.” BBC, November 16, 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4442988.stm.
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19. GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
1. Judith Shulevitz, “Alexa, Should We Trust You?” The Atlantic, November 2018. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2018/11/alexa-how-will-you-change-us/570844/.
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REFERENCES
1. P. W. Singer and August Cole, “How to Write About World War III.” The Atlantic, June 30, 2015. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2015/06/ghost-fleet-world-war-III/397301/.
See also J. Furman Daniel III and Paul Musgrave, “Synthetic Experiences: How Popular Culture Matters for Images of International Relations.” International Studies Quarterly, Volume 61, Issue 3, September 2017 (pages 503–16). https://academic.oup.com/isq/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/isq/sqx053/4616603; and “Why It’s Worth Reading Crazy-Sounding Scenarios About the Future,” The Economist, July 6, 2019. https://www.economist.com/leaders/2019/07/06/why-its-worth-reading-crazy-sounding-scenarios-about-the-future.
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About the Authors
© Sam Cole
P.W. Singer (left) is the New York Times best-selling author of multiple award-winning fiction and nonfiction books on twenty-first-century security.
Learn more at www.pwsinger.com
August Cole is a writer specializing in narratives about the future of conflict.
Learn more at www.augustcole.com
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Contents
Title Page
Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Epigraph
Author's Note
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Acknowledgments
References
Notes
About the Authors
Connect with HMH
Landmarks
Cover