by Ilyon
Sosurim 371-384 Given name Kupu.
Kugyang 384-392
Given name Isok or Ojichi.
Kwanggaet'o 392-413 Given name Tamdok.
Changsu 413-491
Given name Sin or Yon. In 427 moved the national capital to P'yong-yang-song.
21. Munja 491-519
Also named Myong-ni-ho, Naun and Koun.
Anjang 519-531 Given name Hung-an.
Anwon 531-545 Given name Poyong.
Yangwon 545-559
Also called King Yanggang, given name P'yong-song.
25. P'yongwon 559-590
Also called King P'yonggang, given name Yangsong.
26. Yongyang 590-618
Also called King P'yongyang, given name Won or Taewon.
Yongnyu 618-642 Given name Konmu.
Pojang 642-668
Koguryo conquered by Silla and T'ang forces 705 years after the traditional founding date.
PAEKJE
1. Onjo 18 B.C.-28 A.D.
Legendary founder, reputedly the third son (some sources say the second) of King Tongmyong, the legendary Koguryo founder. Court in Wirye-song (some sources say Sach'on, now Chiksan) until 5 B.C., then moved to Hansan, now Kwangju, Kyonggi Province
Taru 28-77 Second son of Onjo.
Kiru 77-128 Son of Taru.
Kaeru 128-166 Son of Kiru.
Ch'ogo 166-214
Son of Kaeru, also called Sogo.
6. Kusu 214-234
Son of Ch'ogo, also called Kwisu.
7. Saban 234
Son of Kusu; deposed.
8. Koi 234-286
Brother of Ch'ogo's mother.
9. Ch'aekkye 286-298
Son of Koi.
Punso 298-304 Son of Ch'aekkye
Piryu 304-344
Second son of Kusu and younger brother of Saban.
Kye 344-346 Son of Punso
Kunch'ogo 346-375
Second son of Piryu. In 371 moved the court to Puk-Hansan.
Kungusu 375-384 Son of Kunch'ogo.
Ch'imnyu 384-385 Son of Kungusu.
Chinsa 385-392
Younger brother of Ch'imnyu.
17. Asin 392-405
Son of Chinsa, also called Abang.
18. Chonji 405-420
Given name Yong, also titled Chinji; son of Asin.
Kusini 420-427 Son of Chinji.
Piyu 427-455 Son of Kusini
Kaero 455-475 Given name Kyongsa.
Munju 475-477
Son of Kaero. Moved the capital to Ungch'bn.
Samgun 477-479 Son of Munju.
Tongsong 479-501
Given name Motae. Cousin of Samgun.
25. Muryong 501-523
Given name Sama. Second son of Tongsong. In the Nan-shih it is written, “his name was Puyo-Yung.” but this is wrong. Yung was the crown prince of King Pojang (Uija). His story is told in the T'ang-shih. (A bit of confusion here. Pojang was the last king of Koguryo and Uija the last king of Paekje.)
26. Song 523-554
Son of Muryong, given name Myongnong. In 538 moved the capital to Saja-song, which he renamed Nam-Puyo.
27. Widok 554-598
Given name Ch'ang, also called Myong.
28. Hye 598-599
Given name Kye or Myong, also called King Hon; son of Widok.
29. Pop 599-600
Given name Hyosun. Son of Hye
30. Mu 600-641
Given name Ilgi-sadok, also called King Mugang.
31. Uija 641-660.
Son of Mu. Paekje conquered by Silla and T'ang 678 years after its traditional founding date.
KARAK (KAYA)
1. Suro 42-199
Said to have been born from a golden egg which descended from heaven, hence his family name was Kim (Kum), meaning gold. Also said to have reigned for 158 years, though this does not correspond to the recorded dates.
2. Kodung 199-259
Son of Suro and Empress Ho. Again there is some discrepancy in the dates.
3. Map'um 259-291
Son of Kodung and Lady Mojong, daughter of Sin Po, Lord of Ch'onpu.
4. Kojilmi 291-344
Also called Kummul. Son of Map'um and Lady Hogu.
5. Ip'um 344-407
Son of Kojilmi and Lady Aji.
6. Chwaji 407-421
Also called King Kumt'o. Son of Ip'um and Lady Chongsin.
7. Ch'wihui 421-451
Son of Chwaji and Lady Poksu.
8. Chilji 451-492
Son of Ch'wihui and Lady Indok.
9. Kyomji 492-521
Son of Chilji and Lady Pangwon.
10. Kuhyong 521-532.
Karak absorbed by Silla 490 years after its traditional founding date.
SILLA
1. Hyokkose 57 B.C.-4 A.D.
Pak clan. Said to have been born of a big egg. Queen Ayong or Aryong. Country then called Sorabol or Kerim (but some sources say the name Kerim was adopted in King T'alhae's reign). In 37 B.C. built Kumsong, meaning golden castle.
2. Namhae 4-24
Son of Hyokkose and Lady Aryong, Pak clan. Queen Lady Unje.
3. Norye 24-57
Also called Yuri. Used the title Nijilgum. Son of Namhae and Unje. Queen Sayo Kimsi, daughter of Horu-wang.
4. T'alhae 57-80
Sok clan. Son of King Hamdalpa of Wanha-kuk and the Princess of Choknyo. Queen Lady Aro, daughter of King Namhae. When he died his body was buried on an eastern hill and then his bones were encased in a plaster figure and buried on the same hill.
5. Pasa 80-112
Pak clan. Son of Norye and Sayo. Queen Lady Sach'o.
6. Chima 112-134
Also called Chimi, son of Pasa and Sach'o. Queen Lady Aerye, Princess of Majekuk. Destroyed Umjilkuk (now Angang) and Apnyangkuk (now Kyongsan).
7. Ilsong 134-154
Son of Norye's elder brother and Lady Ikan. Queen daughter of Chima.
Adala 154-184
Polhyu 184-196 Sok Clan.
Naehae 196-230
Chobun 230-247
Chomhae 247-262
Also called Ihae. Brother of Chobun's mother. Established first relations with Koguryo.
13. Mich'u 262-284
Also called Miso or Mijo. First king from the Kim clan. Son of Kudo Kalmun-wang and Saengho (Lady Sullye), daughter of Ibi Kalmun-wang of the Pak clan. Queen Lady Kwangmyong, daughter of Chepun-wang.
14. Yurye 284-298
Sok clan. Also called Serichi. Son of Chepun-wang and a woman of the Pak clan. Reconstructed Wolsong (Moon Castle).
15. Kirim 298-310
Also called Kirip. Second son of Chepun and Lady Aihye. He called his country Silla.
16. Kolhae 310-356
Son of Urotim-kakkan, the second son of King Naehae. In 329 he had constructed a huge dam and reservoir for irrigation. During his reign Paekje soldiers first invaded Silla.
17. Naemul 356-402
Kim clan. Commencing with his reign the throne became permanently hereditary in the Kim clan. Son of Kudo Kalmun-wang. Some sources say he was the younger brother of King Miso. His mother was Lady Hyurye.
18. Solsong 402-417
Also called Silju or Pogum. Son of King Mich'u's younger brother, Taesoji Kakkan and Lady Yesaeng. Queen Lady Aryu.
19. Nulji 417-458
Also called Naeji. Son of Naemul and Lady-Naeryehui, the daughter of King Mich'u.
20. Chabi 458-479
Son of Nulji and Lady Aro, the daughter of King Silsong. His queen was the daughter of P'aho Kalmun-wang, though some say she was the daughter of Mijil Kakkan. Opened commerce with the Wu state in China. In 479 Japanese soldiers invaded Silla, and the King had Myonghwal fortress built as a refuge. The Japanese laid siege to the castle but were beaten off and departed.
21. Soji 479-500
Also called Pich'o. Third son of Chabi and a daughter of Mihun Kakkan. His queen was a daughter of Kibo Kalmun-wang.
22. Chijung 500-514
Also called Chich'ollo. Son of Ki
bo Kalmun-wang, King Nulji's younger brother, and Lady Osaeng, King Nulji's daughter. Queen Lady Yongje.
23. Pophung 514-540
Given name Wonjong. Son of Chijung and Lady Yongje. The use of reign titles (he called his reign title Konwon) and posthumous royal titles in Chinese fashion began with this reign. His mausoleum is north of Aegong Temple. His queen Lady Pado became a Buddhist nun with the religious name Popnyu and lived at Yonghung Temple. This king ordained laws prohibiting the taking of life on ten days of each month and permitted people to become monks and nuns.
24. Chinhung 540-576
Given name Sammaekjong, also Sim (Maekpu). Son of Pophung's younger brother and Lady Chiso, the daughter of Yonsa Kakkan of the Pak clan. Became a monk. He adopted the reign titles, 'Kaeguk' (551), 'Taech'ang' (568), and 'Hongje' (572)
25. Chinji 576-579
Given name Saryun or Kumnyun. Son of Chinhung and Lady Saekto of the Pak clan. Queen Lady Chido, also of the Pak clan.
26. Chinp'yong 579-632
Given name Paekchong. Son of Crown Prince Tongnyun and Lady Manho or Mannyong, the daughter of Ipchong Kalmun-wang. Queens first Lady Maya and second Lady Sungman. He called his reign title, 'Konpok' (584)
27. Queen Sondok 632-647
Given name Tokman, daughter of Chinp'yong and Lady Maya. Succeeded when her father died without male issue. Prince consort Um Kalmun-wang. Her reign title was Inp'yong.
28. Queen Chindok 647-654
Given name Sungman, daughter of Chinp'yong's younger brother and Lady Ani; reign title; Taehwa.
29. Muryol 654-661
Also known by the posthumous honorary title T'aejong. Son of Yong-ch'un and grandson of King Chinji. His mother was Lady Ch'onmyong, a daughter of King Chin'pyong. Queen Lady Hunje (Kim Yu-sin's younger sister Munhui).
30. Munmu 661-681
Given name Popmin, son of Muryol and Lady Hunje. Queen Cha-ui, daughter of Sonp'um Haegan. His tomb is on a rock in the sea east of Kamun Temple. Paekje and Koguryo were conquered during his reign.
31. Sinmun 681-692
Given-name Chongmyong or Ilso. Son of Munmu and Cha-ui. Queen Sinmok-wanghu, daughter of Kim Un-kong.
32. Hyoso 692-702
Given name I-kong. Son of Sinmun and Sinmok-wanghu. His tomb is east of Mangdek Temple.
33. Songdok 702-737
Given name Hung-kwang, childhood name Yung-ki, Hyoso's younger brother. First queen Paeso-wanghu, second Chommul-wanghu. His tomb is south of Tongch'on (some sources say Yangjang-gok).
34. Hyosong 737-742
Given name Stingkyong. Son of Songdok and Chommul-wanghu. Queen Hyemyong-wanghu. Cremated at Popnyu Temple and his ashes scattered over the eastern sea.
35. Kyongdok 742-765
Son of Songdok and Chommul-wanghu. First queen Lady Sammo, who could bear no sons and left the palace. Second queen Lady Manwol. First buried in a stone tomb west of Kyongji Temple and later moved to the valley of Yangjang-gok.
36. Hyegong 765-780
Son of Kyongdok and Lady Manwol. First queen Lady Sinp'a, second Lady Ch'angsa.
37. Sondok 780-785
Given name Yang-sang. Son of Hyobang-haegan and Lady Saso, the daughter of King Songdok. Queen Kujok-wanghu.
38. Wonsong 785-799
Given name Kyong-sin. Son of Hyoyang Tae-agan and Lady Chio. Queen Lady Sukjong. His tomb is at Kok-sa (now Sungbok-sa).
39. Sosong 799-800
Son of Hyech'ung T'aeja and Songmok Taehu. Queen Kyehwa-wanghu.
40. Aejang 800-809
Given name Chung-hui or Ch'ongmyong. Son of Sosong and Kyehwa-wanghu. Murdered by his two uncles Hondok and Hungdok.
41. Hondok 809-826
Given name Onsung. King Sosong's brother. Queen Kwisung-nang. His tomb is north of Ch'onnimch'on.
42. Hungdok 826-836
Given name Kyonghwi. Hondok's brother. Queen Lady Ch'anghwa. King Sosong's daughter. Tomb north of Angang, with that of his queen.
43. Huigang 836-838
Given name Kaeryung, also called Che-u. Son of Honjong Kakkan and Lady Mido.
44. Minae 838-839
Son of Ch'unggong Kakkan and Lady Kwip'a, the daughter of Hyech'ung. Queen Muyong Wanghu.
45. Sinmu 839
Given name U-jing. Son of Kyunjong Kakkan and Lady Chonggyo. Queen Chongjong.
46. Munsong 839-857
Given name Kyong-ung. Son of Sinmu and Chongjong-t'aehu. Queen Somyong-wanghu.
47. Honan 857-861
Given name Uijong. Younger brother of Sinmu, son of Lady Hunmyong.
48. Kyongmun 861-875
Given name Ung-nyom. Son of Kyemong Kakkan, grandson of King Huigang. Mother Lady Kwanghwa, daughter of King Sinmu. Queen Munja Hwanghu, King Honan's daughter.
49. Hongang 875-886
Given name Chong. Son of Kyongmun and Munja Hwanghu.
50. Chonggang 886-888
Given name Hwang. Minae's brother.
51. Queen Chinsong 888-898
Given name Manhon. King Chonggang's sister by the same mother. Spouse Wihong Tae-kakkan. Abdicated in favor of Hyogong, an illegitimate son of King Hongang, and died soon after. She was cremated and her ashes scattered over the western hill in Moryang, otherwise called Mihwang Mountain.
52. Hyogong 898-913
Given name Yo. Son of Hongang and Munja-wanghu. He was cremated on the northern hill of Saja-sa and his bones were buried on the eastern hill of Kujje.
53. Sindok 913-917
Pak clan, a descendant of King Adala. Queen Chasong-wanghu. He was cremated and his bones buried south of Chamhyon.
54. Kyongmyong 917-924
Pak Clan Given name Sungyong, son of Sindokand Chasong. Queen Changsa-taek. Cremated at Hwangpok Temple and his bones scattered over Songdung Mountain.
55. Kyongae 924-927
Pak clan. Given name Wi-ting. King Kyongmyong's brother.
56. Kyongsun 927-935
Kim clan. Given name Pu, son of Hyojong Ikan and Kyea t'aehu, King Hongang's daughter. In 935 surrendered Silla sovereignty to Wang Kon, the founder of the Koryo dynasty. He died in 978 and his tomb is in Tong-hyang-dong. The Silla kingdom came to an end 992 years after its traditional founding date
APPENDIX
TRIANGULAR POSITION OF THE THREE KINGDOMS
KOGUYRO AT THE ZENITH OF HER POWER
SILLA AT THE ZEITH OF HER POWER
PAEKCHE AT THE ZENITH OF HER POWER
UNIFIED SILLA AND PAEKCHE
Translator's Note: A serious study of Samguk Yusa was done by a well-known historical scholar Ch'oe Nam-son and published in a Monthly, “Kyemyong” (1921-1933), a scholarly journal published by the Kyemyong Book Company, Seoul, under the editorship of Cho'e Nam-son, whose articles on Samguk Yusa appeared in it (March, 1927, No. 18), Later, the same appeared in book form in several editions.
The modern publications of Samguk Yusa are:
Ch'oe Nam-son, Samguk Yusa Haeje (An Introduction to the Book, Samguk Yusa), 1 vol.
Yi Byung-Do, Samguk Yusa with Hangul Translation and Annotations, 1 vol.
Yi Chae-ho, Samguk Yusa in Hangul with Footnotes, 2 vols.
Chosun Sahak-Hoe, Samguk Yusa (Reprint of Cheng-te Text), 2 vols.