The Man Who Was Saturday

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The Man Who Was Saturday Page 33

by Patrick Bishop


  Greef, Fernand de, 115

  Greef, Jeanine de, 114–15

  Greindl, Baron Jean, 114, 118, 119

  Greville-Bell, Anthony, 128

  Griffith Jr, Welborn, 129

  Grimond, Joseph, 12, 18, 22

  Groome, Tom, 121

  Guderian, Heinz, 30–1, 34, 36, 39, 40, 46

  Guérisse, Albert-Marie (‘Pat O’Leary’), 97–8, 100–1, 116, 118, 119, 153

  Gurden, Harold, 177

  Hackett, John, 132, 136

  Hall, Joan, 223

  Harcourt, Pierre d’, 53

  Harris, Alwen, 183–4

  Harris, Arthur, 114, 124

  Harwell, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, 148, 157, 158, 187, 210

  Hasler, Herbert ‘Blondie’, 121–2

  Hayek, Friedrich von, 228

  Hayward, Dr Graham, 169

  Healey, Denis, 220

  Heath, Edward, 25*; as Chief Whip, 160; campaign to enter EEC, 161, 174; AN’s reputation as enemy of, 168–9, 179, 194, 207–9; story of falling-out with AN (1959), 168–9, 208, 209; 1970–74 government, 172, 174, 176, 178–9, 180–2, 190–6; visit to Nazi Germany (1937), 179; personality of, 181–2, 190, 192, 198–9, 207, 208, 216; social background of, 192; Three-Day Week, 194–5; and February 1974 election, 195–6; campaign to remove as leader, 197–9, 200–1, 202–14, 215–17; attends party at Westminster Gardens (July 1974), 199–200; and October 1974 election, 201, 202; meeting with AN (December 1974), 208–9; leadership contest (1975), 217–25; resigns as party leader, 225

  Hess, Rudolf, 83, 130, 141, 172

  Hildyard, Sir David ‘Toby’, 107

  Hinton Waldrist, Oxfordshire, 2, 7, 237, 263, 265

  Hitler, Adolf, 18, 20, 25, 27, 31, 46, 122, 142, 179

  Hoare, Sir Samuel, 101

  Hodges, Mary (step-mother), 106

  Holland, 83–4, 89, 110, 112, 114, 118, 122, 130, 136; Royal Dutch East Indies Army, 79, 84; Dutch Resistance, 130, 132; murder of Sir Richard Sykes (March 1979), 247

  Holland, Jack, 253–4

  Horden, Peter, 205

  Houdini, Harry, 92

  Howe, Geoffrey, 199, 215, 216, 225

  Hulme, Hannah, 149

  Hutton, Christopher Clayton, 92, 93

  Hyde-Thomson, John, 89

  immigration, 172

  Imperial College, London, 174

  Industrial Relations Act (1971), 180

  industrial unrest (1970s), 1, 176–7, 178–9, 180–1, 192–5, 244

  intelligence services see secret and military intelligence

  Irish National Liberation Army (INLA), 237–42, 249–61

  Irish Republican Socialist Party (IRSP), 238, 239, 240, 242, 250, 251

  Irish Republicanism: Fenian movement in North America, 13–14; bomb attack on Hugh Fraser, 131; AN’s hard line on IRA, 156, 161, 228, 230–3, 234–5, 236, 242–3, 260; hatred of AN, 161, 233, 236, 242–3, 247–8; mainland campaign (from 1973), 228; London talks with Whitelaw (1972), 230; splits within during Troubles, 238–9; INLA Maze prison escape (3–4 May 1976), 8, 237–8, 240, 242, 256; INLA Brinks-Mat robbery (June 1977), 241–2; INLA imports arms from Beirut, 242, 254; as on defensive at end of 1978, 243–4; assassination of AN, 1–4, 7–8, 246–7, 249–61, 265; killing of British public figures, 4, 247; 1981 hunger strikes, 256

  Ironside, Edmund, 47

  Isaacs, Michael, 21, 22, 23, 24–5, 27, 107

  Israel, 159, 160, 193

  Jackson, Robert H., 142

  James, David, 223–4

  John Thompson (engineering firm), 173–4, 175

  Johnson, Albert, 115, 118

  Jongh, Andrée de (‘Dédée’), 96, 111–16, 117–18, 119, 153, 188; refuses radio operator, 119; arrested and sent to Ravensbrück and Mauthausen, 117–18; post-war life of, 112, 155

  Jongh, Frédéric de, 111, 114, 117

  Joseph, Keith, 196, 200, 203, 206, 210, 211, 220, 222, 226

  Kaltenbrunner, Ernst, 141

  Keitel, Wilhelm, 141–2

  Keller, Ronald, 36

  Kelly, Dr Stephen, 233

  Kennedy, Ludovic, 178

  Keyser Ullmann (bank), 204, 211, 212, 214

  Khrushchev, Nikita, 156

  King, Tom, 5, 164, 258, 264

  Kragt, Dick, 136

  Krüger, Walter, 36, 37

  Krupp works, Essen, 138–9

  Lally, Phelim, 242

  Lambton affair (1973), 181

  Langley, Jimmy, 101, 105, 106, 109, 110–11, 116, 124; action during war (1940), 54–5; escape from France, 55, 104; on French attitudes to escapees, 95, 96; and AN’s recruitment to M19, 104; transferred to MI9 headquarters, 123; commands IS9 (Western European Area), 127, 133

  Larive, Hans, 79–80

  Last Tango in Paris (Bertolucci film), 189

  Lathbury, Gerald, 132, 135

  Lawrence, Geoffrey, 139

  Lawton, Frederick, 151, 186

  Le Caron, Henri, Twenty-Five Years in the Secret Service (1892), 13–14

  Le Neveu, Roger, 118

  Legge-Bourke, Harry, 182–3

  Leipzig, 82

  Lennox-Boyd, Alan, 159

  Lewis, Kenneth, 206–7

  Ley, Robert, 141

  Lilley, Peter, 229, 233

  Lindell, Mary, 120–3, 142, 156, 170–1

  Longmore, Dickie, 107

  Lonsdale, Gordon, 176

  Lovat, Lord, 131

  Luftwaffe, 31, 35, 46, 114

  Luteyn, Abraham Pierre Tony, 79–87, 89–90

  Lyons, 121–2

  Lyttle, Noel, 258

  MacDonald, Ramsay, 13

  Macmillan, Harold, 160, 167, 192

  Macmillan, Maurice, 133

  Maginis, Sergeant, 38

  Malraux, André, xvi

  Maréchal family in Brussels, 117, 119

  Marseilles, 94, 96–7, 99, 100–1

  Marshall, Dr Walter, 187

  Marten, Neil, 204–5

  Mason, Roy, 234, 235, 236, 243

  Mather, Carol, 176–7

  Maude, Angus, 204–5, 221

  Maugham, Robert, 20–1, 22

  Maxwell Fyfe, Sir David, 142–3, 150–1

  Maxwell Fyfe, Sylvia, 151

  Mayhew, Patrick, 199

  Maze prison, near Belfast, 8, 237–8, 240, 242, 256

  McCann, George, 256

  McCorquodale, Angus, 54–5

  McCracken, Henry Joy, 239–40

  McDonald, Henry, 254

  McGahey, Mick, 193

  McGuinness, Martin, 229

  McLaren, Nancy, 181

  McManus, Jake, 242

  McNally, Robert, 253

  McNee, Sir David, 246, 248

  McNichol, John ‘Eddy’, 238, 240, 241

  media, 178, 181, 193–4, 202, 203, 205, 206, 221–2, 243

  Merton College, Oxford, 22–6

  Merton Floats (college drama group), 24, 77

  Mescall, J. M., 135

  MI9 (escape and evasion organisation): importance of, 60; founding and early years of, 91–3; ‘Pat Line’ escape chain, 93–102, 104, 109, 116, 118, 119; Andrée de Jongh (‘Dédée’), 96, 111–16, 117–18, 119, 153, 155, 188; lack of radios and operators, 101, 119, 121; Iberian operations, 101–2, 113–14, 116, 122; AN interrogated by, 103; AN recruited by, 104–5; AN’s service in, 55, 60, 96, 104–5, 109–16, 120–4, 125–36, 155–6; IS 9(d) (based at Room 900), 105, 109–12, 123–4, 127, 136; and MIS-X (American counterparts), 109; AN starts work in Room 900, 109–12; ‘Comète’ escape line, 111–12, 113–16, 117–18, 119, 123–4, 130; AN runs female agents, 7, 112, 113, 115–16, 120–3, 155–6; de Jonghs move to Paris, 114–15; seaborne operations, 116–17, 123; Maréchal disaster, 117, 119; German intelligence penetration of networks, 117–18; Nazi brutality against resisters, 119; losses of operatives, 120, 123–4, 129–30, 140; mistakes and misjudgements, 120; ‘Shelburne’ operations (early 1944), 123; and Normandy invasion, 125–9; IS9 (Western European Area), 127, 131, 133, 136, 179; GHQ Liaison Regiment (‘Phantom’), 131; and Bach
enheimer disaster, 132–3; No. 9 Intelligence School TA, 152; AN keeps in touch with old agents, 155–6

  Michiels, Victor, 119

  Middleton, Donald, 57

  Middleweek, Helene (Baroness Hayman), 189

  Midweek (BBC TV programme), 178, 221–2

  military intelligence see MI9 (escape and evasion organisation); secret and military intelligence

  Mill Green Park, Ingatestone, 103, 106

  Milne, Keith, 57

  ‘monetarist’ theory, 206, 220, 228

  Montgomery, Fergus, 218

  Moore, Charles, 211

  Morelle, Elvire, 120

  Morrison, Sara, 202

  Mosley, Oswald, 26

  Motor Gun Boats, 123

  Murdoch, Rupert, 183–4

  Myrmidons (Merton club), 23–4

  Nasser, Abdel, 159

  National Government (from 1931), 13

  National Union of Mineworkers, 180, 192–4, 195, 200

  Nazi Germany: AN’s stay in Berlin (1933), 17–20, 137, 149; AN’s views war as inevitable, 20, 27–8; view of youth of Britain, 25–6; annexes Austria (1938), 27; invasion of France and Low Countries (May 1940), 29–49; cruelty of Polish occupation, 65–8; and Krupp works in Essen, 138–9; Britons illegally in concentration camps, 170–1

  Neave, Airey, books: They Have Their Exits (1953), 52–3, 153; Little Cyclone (1954), 112, 153, 188; Saturday at MI9 (1969), 52–3, 153; The Flames of Calais (1972), 42, 50, 153; Nuremberg (1978), 153, 183

  Neave, Airey, character/qualities: as enigmatic, detached and unknowable, xv, 4–5, 6, 14, 137–8; frequent depressions, xv–xvi, 106, 107, 109, 127, 136, 170, 182, 183, 185; bravery and courage, xvi, 22, 41–3, 248–9; fundamental decency, xvi, 106, 165, 170–1, 264–5; patriotism, xvi, 22, 161; touchiness/sensitivity to criticism, xvi, 182, 219, 232; vanity, xvi, 155, 184, 210–11; and alcohol, 2, 6, 23, 90, 144, 167; careless attitude to his health, 2, 167–8; physical appearance, 5, 144, 156, 190; hatred of country pursuits, 6; soft voice and retiring manner, 6, 158, 176, 190; as quasi-feminist, 7, 96, 115–16, 191–2; hatred of his name, 11; enjoyment of food, 15, 58; as sceptical of authority, 15–16, 24, 50–1; emotional restraint, 19, 38, 131; and amateur theatricals, 24, 77; resilience and determination, 39, 48–9, 61–2, 170–1, 265; attitude to Germans, 52, 83, 130, 137–8; and religion, 69, 183; impact of Second World War on, 70, 154–6; Rudolf Hess case, 83, 130, 141, 172; scientific interests, 148–9, 156–7, 158, 173–4, 188; strong belief in capital punishment, 161, 172, 228, 233; semi-detached approach to parenting, 163–7; sense of justice as impartial, 172

  Neave, Airey, military career: early interest in soldiering, 12, 104–5; zeal not matched by natural aptitude, 12; in Territorial Army, 26–7, 104–5, 152, 157, 158, 179–80; and defence of Calais (May 1940), 29, 30, 31–49, 50–1, 154; military service in early part of War, 29–30, 31–49, 50–1; wounded at Calais, 44–5, 47–9, 50, 154; capture of at Calais, 49, 50, 52–4; impulse to escape, 52–3, 55, 57, 60–8; initial meek acceptance of capture, 53–4, 56; at POW hospital in Lille, 53–5; at Oflag IXA/H (in castle of Spangenberg), 56–8; at Stalag XXa (Thorn, Poland), 59–64, 69; escape from Stalag XXa, 60–8; Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal, 66, 137–8, 139–45, 150–1, 172, 179; captured near Ilow, 68–9; Gestapo interrogations of, 69–70; at Colditz, 70, 71–82, 137; first Colditz escape attempt, 73–5; escape from Colditz, 78–87, 88–9, 137, 154–5, 183–4; in Switzerland, 88–93, 94–5; crosses Pyrenees, 101, 115; return to Britain (May 1942), 102, 103–4; and survivor guilt, 106; awarded MC, 107; awarded DSO, 137; and Krupp works in Essen, 138–9

  Neave, Airey, personal life: birth of (23 January 1916), 11; elite background of, 10–11; education before Eton, 11; at Eton, 9–10, 11–17, 20–2, 164; relationship with mother, 16, 106; relationship with father, 16–17, 24, 27, 106, 165; stay in Berlin (1933), 17–20, 137, 149; friendships, 20–2, 24–5, 131; at Merton College, Oxford, 22–6; early legal career, 27, 137; gains third class degree, 27; and women, 6–7, 95–6, 107, 115–16, 120–1, 163–4, 188–90, 191–2; meets and marries Diana (1942), 107–8; marriage as partnership, 7, 108–9, 154, 259–60; maisonette at 39 Elizabeth Street, 108, 162; as junior barrister in post-war London, 151; writes two thrillers, 153; lives at Old Vicarage, Ashbury, 162, 166–7, 184–5, 186–8, 190, 210, 214, 236–7; London homes after 1945, 162; heart attack (1959), 167–9; personal security arrangements, 2–3, 237, 247–8, 254–5; assassination of (30 March 1979), 1–4, 7–8, 246–7, 249–61, 265; police/security force investigation into murder of, 7, 249–53, 255–8; identity of killers of, 7–8, 255–8, 260–1; funeral and grave at Hinton Waldrist, 7, 263, 265;

  Neave, Airey, political life: politics while at Eton, 12–13, 19–20; politics at Oxford, 24–5; growing interest in politics, 27–8; decides on political career, 149–51, 152; enters parliament as MP for Abingdon, 146–9, 151, 156; causes pursued, 148–9, 156–8, 170–8; political views as difficult to pin down, 150, 172–3, 174, 188, 264–5; hard line on IRA, 156, 161, 228, 230–3, 234–5, 236, 242–3, 260; maiden speech in Commons, 156–7; contributions in Commons, 156–8, 161, 171, 231–2, 234; as parliamentary private secretary, 158–9; as mainstream, modernising Tory, 6, 160–1, 174; as joint parliamentary secretary, 161; Under-Secretary of State at the Air Ministry, 161; as mediocre speaker, 6, 161, 171; absorption in political life, 161–3, 164; constituency homes, 162; reputation as enemy of Heath, 168–9, 179, 194, 207–9; return to back benches, 168–9; story of falling-out with Heath (1959), 168–9, 208, 209; doubts over political career in early 70s, 170, 183; and lessons of the war, 171–2; liberal views on immigration, 172–3; as delegate to UNHCR, 173; directorships while in parliament, 173–4, 175, 214; chairs select committee on science and technology, 174, 188; as a governor of Imperial College, 174; and right-wing coup rumours (1974), 176–7; supports Heath’s trade union strategy, 180–1; Thatcher’s visits to Old Vicarage, 186–8, 190, 210; dines with anti-Heath conspirators, 197–8; elected to 1922 Committee Executive, 198; throws party for new intake of MPs (May 1974), 199; party at Westminster Gardens (July 1974), 199–200; and leadership issue (1974–5), 202–14, 215–17; Milk Street affair, 204–5, 219; meeting with Heath (December 1974), 208–9; runs Thatcher’s leadership campaign, 1, 168, 176, 217–25; shadow Northern Ireland portfolio, 1–2, 70, 161, 182, 226–7, 228–38, 242–4; heads Thatcher’s private office, 227; and fall of Callaghan government, 244

  Neave, Airey, secret intelligence career: MI9 service, 55, 60, 96, 104–5, 109–16, 120–4, 125–36, 155–6; ‘Pat Line’ escape route, 93–102; and ‘Dédée’, 96, 111–12, 113, 115–16, 153, 155, 188; ‘Saturday’ code name, 110; losses of MI9 operatives, 120, 123–4, 129–30, 140; and Mary Lindell, 120–3, 142, 156, 170–1; and Beatrix Terwindt, 122, 188; and ‘Shelburne’ operations (early 1944), 123; and Normandy, 125–9; ‘Sherwood’ plan, 125–9; Forêt de Fréteval episode, 126–8, 131–2; saves Chartres Cathedral, 128–9; in Paris (summer 1944), 129–30; and Nijmegen survivors (Pegasus), 130–6, 137; and Pegasus II operation, 135–6; in Amsterdam on VE Day, 136; takes charge of Room 900, 136; commands No. 9 Intelligence School TA, 152; keeps in touch with old agents, 155–6; intelligence connections in civilian life, 175–6, 212, 235

  Neave, Caroline (ancestor), 10

  Neave, Diana (née Giffard, wife): family estate in Staffordshire, 6, 107–8, 129, 163, 165, 166; background of, 108; meets and marries AN (1942), 107–8; marriage as partnership, 7, 108–9, 154, 259–60; connection with the Poles, 108, 143; wartime intelligence work, 108–9; persuades AN to write Nuremberg, 141; and AN’s political career, 148, 151, 162, 183, 185, 187, 195, 197, 199–200, 227; lives at Old Vicarage, Ashbury, 162, 166–7, 184–5, 186–8, 190, 210, 214, 236–7; semi-detached approach to parenting, 163–7; on Heath, 181, 199; and Thatcher, 188, 190, 224; security fears at Ashbury, 236–7; on AN’s personal security, 248; and death of AN, 2, 3, 259–60; as Baroness Airey of Abingdon, 260; grave at Hinton Waldrist, 263

  Neave, Digby (brother), 16, 165

 
Neave, Dorothy (mother, née Middleton), 11, 16, 106

  Neave, Iris Averil (sister), 16

  Neave, Marigold (eldest child), 16, 108, 129, 148, 151, 168, 184, 190, 199; on AN’s single-mindedness, 162, 163, 164; education of, 163–4; marriage to Richard, 164, 166–7, 184, 199, 200; and AN’s alcohol problem, 167; on AN’s choice of Northern Ireland, 226, 227; and AN’s death, 259

  Neave, Philippa (niece), 165

  Neave, Richard Patrick (son), 151, 162–3, 164–5, 166–7, 168, 184–5, 237, 248

  Neave, Rosamund (sister), 16

  Neave, Sheffield Airey (father), 10–11, 13, 16–17, 24, 27, 106; inherits Mill Green Park, 103; marries Mary Hodges, 106, 165

  Neave, Sheffield Henry Morier (grandfather), 10, 103

  Neave, Viola (sister), 16

  Neave, William (son), 22, 70, 148, 151, 162–3, 164–5, 166–7, 184, 227, 248

  Nicholson, Claude, 33, 34, 40, 46–7, 49, 51

  Nicholson, Emma, 189

  Nijmegen, 56, 130–6, 179

  Normandy, 125–9

  Northern Engineering Industries (Clarke Chapman), 173, 174, 196, 248

  Northern Ireland: Bennett Report into police interrogation methods, 70; political landscape in 1975, 226–7; AN as shadow Secretary of State, 1–2, 70, 161, 182, 226–7, 228–38, 242–4; Sunningdale Agreement (1973), 227, 229, 230, 233–4; AN’s attitude to Unionists, 229; Do You Sincerely Want to Win? (Bow Group booklet), 229; internment in, 230, 237; ‘special category status’ for prisoners, 230; bipartisan approach to Troubles, 230–1, 234, 242–3; AN’s Unionist sympathies, 232–4, 242–3; AN’s regional council initiative (1978), 234, 243, 260, 264; AN and intelligence services, 235; and fall of Callaghan government, 244

  Nothomb, Jean-François, 114–15, 118, 129–30

  Nouveau, Louis, 96–7, 99, 101, 118

  Nouveau, Renée, 97, 99, 101

  nuclear power, 148, 156–7, 158, 173, 174

  Nuremberg prison, 140–1

  Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal, 66, 137–8, 139–45, 150–1, 172, 179

  O’Hara, Patsy, 241, 256

  Old Vicarage, Ashbury, 162, 166–7, 184–5, 186–8, 190, 210, 214, 236–7

  ‘O’Leary, Pat’ (Albert-Marie Guérisse), 97–8, 100–1, 116, 118, 119, 153

  OPEC, 193

  Oppenheim, E. Phillips, 94

 

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