23. Nothin’ About Nothin’
The description of the early morning hours of August 31, 1984, is taken from the testimony of Ida Moore and Delisa Brown, as recorded in the Reporter’s Transcript for both the cases of the People v. Tiequon Cox and the People v. Horace Burns. Likewise, Horace Burns’s trial testimony is from the Reporter’s Transcript.
24. Kill Them All
The closing argument of the district attorney and the defense counsel is from the Reporter’s Transcript in the case of People v. Horace Burns. The procedures regarding Burns’s conviction come from the Clerk’s Transcript in the case of People v. Horace Burns. The editorial comment on the Burns case is from the Los Angeles Sentinel, June 20, 1985.
25. Do You Know Who That Is?
Information regarding the atmosphere entering the Cox trial, as well as the alleged threats, comes from personal communications with Judge Roger Boren and defense attorney Cook. The courtroom sequence between Judge Boren and attorney Cook is from the Reporter’s Transcript for the trial of People v. Tiequon Cox. Tiequon Cox’s own words are from the Excerpt of Record in the habeas corpus petition. Donald Bakeer’s words are from the Excerpt of Record, as well as from his personal communication with the authors. Juror statements regarding Cox’s demeanor at trial come from the Excerpt of Record.
27. Born of the South
The family history of Tiequon Cox is taken from the declarations set forth in the Excerpt of Record in the habeas corpus petition. The psychiatric testimony is likewise taken from the Excerpt of Record. The full scholastic and disciplinary record of Tiequon Cox is further provided in the Excerpt, as are the declarations of classmates and teacher Donald Bakeer.
28. So Drive
Procedures of the trial are provided in the Clerk’s Transcript in the case of People v. Tiequon Cox, while the details of the van ride come from Ida Moore’s and Delisa Brown’s trial testimony as recorded in the Reporter’s Transcript. Kennedy’s testimony and the prosecutor’s argument likewise come from the Reporter’s Transcript. The incidents from Tiequon Cox’s childhood are from the Excerpt of Record. The hearing between Judge Boren and Cox is from the Reporter’s Transcript. The section about hardened gangsters breaking down over their mothers comes from João H. Costa Vargas, Catching Hell in the City of Angels.
29. Don’t Cry
Information on the history of the Rolling Sixties comes from personal communications with LAPD gang detectives, San Quentin correctional officers, and gang scholar Alex Alonso. As to the origin of the nickname “Little Fee,” this is based on personal communications with Alex Alonso as well as a personal conversation with a San Quentin correctional officer. Cox’s words are taken from the Excerpt of Record. The words of attorney Ned Cook are from a personal communication. Cox’s prior incidents are from the Reporter’s Transcript of the trial, while the details of his time at CYA are taken from declarations found in the Excerpt of Record. The testimony in support of Cox during the penalty phase of the trial is recorded in the Reporter’s Transcript.
30. Let Him Die on the Rocks
The closing arguments of the attorneys are found in the Reporter’s Transcript of the trial. The words of Judge Boren in condemning Cox to death are found in the Clerk’s Transcript.
31. The Gray Goose to the AC
The details of Cox’s bus ride and admission to San Quentin are provided by San Quentin correctional officers. The information on San Quentin’s history and architectural details are taken from trips inside San Quentin Prison and discussions with prison personnel. Accounts of the 1986 election are taken from the Los Angeles Times of November 5, 1986. The disciplinary incident involving Tiequon Cox is taken from interviews with prison personnel.
32. An American Tragedy
The information regarding Darren Charles Williams is taken from the Reporter’s Transcript of his trial, as well as from a printed transcript of his interrogation. The details of the lawsuit involving Jack’s Vermont Club are taken directly from the complaint and answer in the civil proceeding. The scene inside Jack’s Vermont Club is based upon the contents of the lawsuit, testimony in the trial of Darren Charles Williams, as well as personal interviews with patrons of the bar who detailed the interior, the atmosphere, and the music that was played in the bar during the mid-1980s. The remainder of the testimony, as well as the comments of Ira Reiner, is found in the Reporter’s Transcript.
33. To Reign in Hell
The information on California’s prison gangs comes from personal communications with San Quentin correctional staff, as well as an interview with Willie Stokes. Books providing information on prison gangs include Chris Blatchford’s Black Hand, Willie Stokes’s The Testimony of a Black Sheep, and Colton Simpson and Ann Pearlman’s Inside the Crips. The details of death row are from the authors’ personal visits to East Block Condemned. The incident in which Tiequon Cox stabbed Tookie Williams is from the personal communications with San Quentin personnel, and from the Los Angeles Times of June 11, 1989.
34. I Cannot Forgive the Choice
The denial of Tiequon Cox’s appeal is from the opinion of the California Supreme Court. The account of the execution of Robert Alton Harris is from the St. Petersburg Times of April 22, 1992.
36. A Superhero
The denial of Darren Charles Williams’s lawsuit is taken from the decision of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeal. The account of the execution of William Bonin is taken from the Orange County Register of February 24, 1996. The reversal of Darren Charles Williams’s verdict of death is from the opinion of the California Supreme Court. The escape attempt of Tiequon Cox is based upon a personal communication with members of San Quentin staff as well as the San Francisco Chronicle of July 27, 2000. Information on Roscoe Tuilaepa and Noel Jackson is taken from personal communications with prison staff as well as from the court opinions in their cases in the California Supreme Court.
38. The Land of High Mountains
On the history of Haiti see Philippe Girard, Haiti; Laurent Dubois, Haiti: The Aftershocks of History; and Graham Greene’s novel The Comedians. For Kermit’s relationship with Tami Clark and their trips to Haiti see Tom Friend’s article and the video “Kermit’s Song” on ESPN’s Outside the Lines.
39. We Can’t Do This
For the execution of Tookie Williams, see the San Francisco Chronicle of December 13, 2005, the New York Times of December 14, as well as Williams’s book Blue Rage, Black Redemption. Authors’ personal communications with San Quentin correctional officers also informed the material on Williams’s execution. Likewise, information regarding Tiequon Cox’s routine in the Adjustment Center is based upon such personal interviews.
40. We Take Them All
Opinion of Judge Fogel in Morales v. Tilton (2006).
41. News That Demands a Chair
Information on many aspects of the Haitian earthquake of January 2010 comes from Paul Farmer’s Haiti After the Earthquake. The symptoms and diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder are from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Information on the Clintons’ efforts in Haiti are taken from Philip Rucker, “Haiti Holds a Special Place in the Hearts of Bill and Hillary Clinton,” Washington Post, January 16, 2010. On California’s petition to abolish capital punishment, sources included personal communication with members of victims’ rights groups, district attorneys, members of the ACLU, and various other interested parties. On Cox’s appeal and assertion of PTSD, sources include the legal briefs filed by his attorneys as well as the psychiatrist’s report included in the Excerpt of Record for the habeas corpus petition.
42. Thirty Years After
For information on Cox’s appeal, see the opinion of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. Information on Cox in prison is from San Quentin staff. Judge Boren’s words are from a personal interview. Information on District Attorney Steve Cooley’s motion to execute Cox is found in the San Francisco Chronicle for August 12, 2012. Darren Charles Williams’s website, FreeDarr
en.com, was accessible at the time of this writing. Information on the present whereabouts of Burns, Williams, and Ossie Jackson is provided by Alex Alonso. The information on Valarie Taylor comes through a personal communication with her mother and Alex Alonso’s contact with her sister. Information on the crime drop in Los Angeles is from John Buntin, “What Does It Take to Stop Crips and Bloods from Killing Each Other?,” New York Times Magazine, July 10, 2013.
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INDEX
A note about the index: The pages referenced in this index refer to the page numbers in the print edition. Clicking on a page number will take you to the ebook location that corresponds to the beginning of that page in the print edition. For a comprehensive list of locations of any word or phrase, use your reading system’s search function.
A
Afghanistan, 12, 92
African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church, 18
Alexander, Barbara (sister), 21, 25, 64
Alexander, Clarice (first wife), 113, 243, 261
Alexander, Clifton (son), 269–70, 285–90, 294–95, 300–306, 314–16
earthquake and, 294
father’s adoption of, 275, 279–80, 282–83, 285–86, 288–90, 292, 298, 301–2
The Valley of the Shadow of Death Page 33