Science Was Born of Christianity

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by Stacy Trasancos


  [49] The Knox Translation Bible (Westminster: Baronius Press Ltd., 2013), Mark 12:17.

  [50] Jaki, A Late Awakening, 68; Knox, Mark 8:36.

  [51] Jaki, A Late Awakening, 63, 66.

  [52] Jaki, A Late Awakening, 67.

  [53] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 13.

  [54] Jaki, A Late Awakening, 70.

  [55] Jaki, Means to Message, 7.

  [56] Jaki, Means to Message, 7.

  [57] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 242.

  [58] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 242.

  [59] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 13.

  [60] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 13.

  [61] Jaki, Science and Creation, 14.

  [62] Maitri Upanishad, First Prapathaka, last line. Another translation reads: “In such a world as this what have I to do with the enjoyment of desires? Yea, Even if one were fed therewith to the full, he must still return to earth again and again. Wilt thou therefore deign to deliver me? I am here in this world as a frog in a well without water. Oh adorable one, thou art our refuge, thou art our refuge.” Maitri Upanishad, Sanskrit Text with English Translation, edited and translated by E. B. Cowell (London: Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1870), 244; Jaki, Science and Creation, 7.

  [63] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 5-6.

  [64] Haffner (1991), 21; Jaki, The Relevance of Physics (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1966), 502.

  [65] Haffner (1991), 21.

  [66] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 52.

  [67] Jaki, Science and Creation.

  [68] Jaki, Savior of Science.

  [69] Henry Smith Williams and Edward Huntington Williams, A History of Science (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1904), Volume 1, Book I, Introduction.

  [70] Jaki, Savior of Science, 22.

  [71] Jaki, Savior of Science, 20-22.

  [72] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 48.

  [73] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 54-55.

  [74] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 55.

  [75] Jaki, Savior of Science, 37.

  [76] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 66.

  [77] Jaki, Savior of Science, 22-25.

  [78] Jona Lendering, “The First Circumnavigation of Africa,” Moellerhaus at http://www.moellerhaus.com/Persian/Hist01.html.

  [79] Jaki, Creation and Science, 68.

  [80] O. Neugebauer, “The Origin of the Egyptian Calendar,” Journal of Near Eastern Studies (1942), 396.

  [81] Neugebauer, 396.

  [82] Jaki, Science and Creation, 79.

  [83] Jaki, Science and Creation, 79.

  [84] Jaki, Science and Creation, 79.

  [85] Jaki, Science and Creation, 79.

  [86] Jaki, Science and Creation, 79.

  [87] Jaki, Science and Creation, 79.

  [88] R. T. Rundle Clark, Myths and Symbol in Ancient Egypt (London: Thames & Hudson, 1959), 51; quoted in Jaki, Science and Creation, 73.

  [89] Jaki, Science and Creation, 72.

  [90] Jaki, Savior of Science, 23.

  [91] Jaki, Savior of Science, 23.

  [92] Jaki, Savior of Science, 24.

  [93] Jaki, Savior of Science, 25.

  [94] Jaki, Science and Creation, 72.

  [95] Jaki, Science and Creation, 46; Jaki, Savior of Science, 35.

  [96] See the Needham Research Institute website, http://www.nri.org.uk/.

  [97] Joseph Needham, Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 2, History of Scientific Thought (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1956).

  [98] A full list may be obtained at the Needham Research Institute website, http://www.nri.org.uk/science.html.

  [99] Jaki, Science and Creation, 32.

  [100] Jaki, Science and Creation, 32.

  [101] Jaki, Science and Creation, 32.

  [102] Jaki, Science and Creation, 32.

  [103] Jaki, Science and Creation, 32.

  [104] Jaki, Science and Creation, 32.

  [105] Jaki, Science and Creation, 32.

  [106] Yu-Lan Fung, “Why China Has No Science: An Interpretation of the History and Consequences of Chinese Philosophy,” The International Journal of Ethics, 32 (1922), 237-263.

  [107] Fung, 237-238.

  [108] Fung, 238.

  [109] Fung, 240.

  [110] Fung, 241-242.

  [111] Fung, 243.

  [112] Jaki, Science and Creation, 30.

  [113] Texts of Taoism, translated by J. Legge (New York: Julian Press, 1959), Book XXV, par. 11, 568-69; quoted in Jaki, Science and Creation, 30.

  [114] Jaki, Science and Creation, 27.

  [115] Fung, 244.

  [116] Fung, 245-248.

  [117] Fung, 249.

  [118] Fung, 250-252.

  [119] Fung, 252.

  [120] Fung, 253.

  [121] Fung, 254.

  [122] Fung, 258.

  [123] Fung, 259.

  [124] Fung, 263.

  [125] Justin Yifu Lin, “The Needham Puzzle: Why the Industrial Revolution Did Not Originate in China,” Economic Development and Cultural Change (University of Chicago Press, 1995), 269-292.

  [126] Lin, 271.

  [127] Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 2, History of Scientific Thought, 580-582; quoted in Science and Creation, 40.

  [128] Jaki, Science and Creation, 40.

  [129] Knox, Wisdom 11:20.

  [130] Jaki, Science and Creation, 41.

  [131] Jaki, Science and Creation, 13-14.

  [132] Jaki, Science and Creation, 13-14.

  [133] Jaki, Savior of Science, 27; Jaki, Science and Creation, 14; Indian History: With Objective Questions and Historical Map, A-437.

  [134] Jaki, Science and Creation, 14.

  [135] Jaki, Science and Creation, 14; Kantilya, Arthasastra (250 B.C.) online at Fordham University, at http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/india/kautilya1.asp.

  [136] Jaki, Science and Creation, 14.

  [137] Quoted in Science and Creation, 22; S. L. Hora, “History of Science and Technology in India and South-East Asia,” Nature, 168 (1951), 64-65.

  [138] Joseph Needham, Science and the Crossroads, Papers presented to the 2nd International Congress of the History of Science and Technology (London: 1931), Foreword.

  [139] Roddam Narasimha, “The Indian half of Needham’s question: some thoughts on axioms, models, algorithms, and computational positivism,” Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, Vol. 28, No. 1 (2003), 1-13.

  [140] D. P. Agrawal and Lok Vigyan Kendra, “The Needham Question: Some Answers,” Indian Science at http://www.indianscience.org/essays/2-%20NEEDHAMQuestion-DPSameer-edit.pdf.

  [141] D. P. Agrawal and Lok Vigyan Kendra, 3-4.

  [142] D. P. Agrawal and Lok Vigyan Kendra, 8-13.

  [143] Narasimha, 3.

  [144] Narasimha, 3.

  [145] Narasimha, 4.

  [146] Jaki, Savior of Science, 26.

  [147] Paul Deussen, The Philosophy of the Upanishads, translated by Rev. A. S. Geden, M.A. (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1906, 1908), 85.

  [148] Deussen, The Philosophy of the Upanishads, 86.

  [149] Jaki, Science and Creation, 6.

  [150] Deussen, The Philosophy of the Upanishads, 87.

  [151] Deussen, The Philosophy of the Upanishads, 88.

  [152] Jaki, Science and Creation, 6.

  [153] Jaki, Science and Creation, 7.

  [154] Jaki, Science and Creation, 7, Jaki, Savior of Science, 26.

  [155] Jaki, Savior of Science, 27.

  [156] Jaki, Savior of Science, 27.

  [157] “Rural Roads: A Lifeline for Villages in India,” The World Bank (New Delhi) World Bank website, http://web.worldbank.org/.

  [158] Jaki, Savior of Science, 28.

  [159] Jaki, Science and Creation, 7, 21-22; Jaki, Savior of Science, 28.

  [160] Indian History with Objective Questions and Historical Map, A-117.

  [161] Maitri Upanishad, Sanskrit Text with English Translation, edited and translated by E. B. Cowell (London: Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1870), 244.

  [162] Jaki, Savior of Science, 29.


  [163] M. K. Gandhi, A Dialogue between an Editor and a Reader, Hind Swaraj, or Indian Home Rule (1938) M. K. Gandhi website, http://www.mkgandhi.org/swarajya/, “What is True Civilization;” Savior of Science, 29.

  [164] Jaki, Science and Creation, 19.

  [165] Jaki, Science and Creation, 85.

  [166] Harriet Crawford, Sumer and the Sumerians, Second Edition (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004), 60.

  [167] Crawford, Sumer and the Sumerians , 67.

  [168] Herodotus, The Histories, with an English translation by A.D. Godley (Cambridge, UK: Harvard University Press, 1920), Book 1, Chapter 178, section 3.

  [169] Jaki, Savior of Science, 38.

  [170] Jaki, Savior of Science, 38.

  [171] A. Aaboe, “Scientific Astronomy in Antiquity,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, A. 276 (1974), 21-42.

  [172] Jaki, Science and Creation, 89.

  [173] Jaki, Savior of Science, 39.

  [174] Jaki, Savior of Science, 39.

  [175] Jaki, Science and Creation, 99.

  [176] Dirk L. Couprie, “How Thales Was Able to ‘Predict’ a Solar Eclipse Without the Help of Alleged Mesopotamian Wisdom,” Early Science and Medicine Vol. 9, No. 4 (2004), 321-337.

  [177] Robert McHenry, “Thales of Miletus: The First Scientist, the First Philosopher,” Encyclopedia Britannica Blog, at Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., http://www.britannica.com/blogs/2010/04/thales-of-miletus-hero/.

  [178] Aristotle, Metaphysics, Book 1, Part 3.

  [179] Robin George Collingwood, The Idea of Nature (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1945), 30.

  [180] Dirk L. Couprie, “Anaximander,” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2001/2005) at http://www.iep.utm.edu/anaximan/.

  [181] Collingwood, 33.

  [182] Collingwood, 35-36.

  [183] Carl Huffman, "Pythagoras", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2011 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), at http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2011/entries/pythagoras/.

  [184] Sylvia Berryman, “Leucippus,” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2010 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), at http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2010/entries/leucippus/; Sylvia Berryman, "Democritus," The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2010 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), at http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2010/entries/democritus/.

  [185] Michael Boylan, “Hippocrates,” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2002/2005) at http://www.iep.utm.edu/hippocra/.

  [186] Jaki, Savior of Science, 39.

  [187] Jaki, Savior of Science, 40; for example see, Edward Grant, A Source Book in Medieval Science (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974), 159, Footnote 7 about irrational ratios.

  [188] Christian Marinus Taisbak, “Euclid,” Encyclopedia Britannica (2013) at http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/194880/Euclid.

  [189] Christopher Shields, "Aristotle," The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2013), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), at http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2013/entries/aristotle/.

  [190] Jaki, Science and Creation, 104.

  [191] Jaki, Science and Creation, 104.

  [192] Jaki, Savior of Science, 40; Jaki, Science and Creation, 105.

  [193] Aristotle, On the Heavens, Book 1, Part 6, third paragraph, “…“if one weight is twice another, it will take half as long over a given movement.”

  [194] Stephen Toulmin, Foresight and Understanding: An Enquiry into the Aims of Science (New York, NY: Harper & Row, 1961), 51.

  [195] Jaki, Science and Creation, 105.

  [196] Jaki, Science and Creation, 106.

  [197] Jaki, Science and Creation, 110.

  [198] Plato, The Republic, translated by Paul Shorey. Volume II (Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University press, 1942), 245-247.

  [199] James Adams, The Republic of Plato: Edited with Critical Notes, Commentary, and Appendices. Second Edition. Volume II. Books VI-X and Indexes (Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 1963), 303-304.

  [200] Plato, Republic, 245-247.

  [201] Jaki, Science and Creation, 130.

  [202] Aristotle, On the Heavens, Book I, Part 3.

  [203] Jaki, Savior of Science, 44.

  [204] Jaki, Science and Creation, 192.

  [205] Jaki, Science and Creation, 193.

  [206] Jaki, Savior of Science, 44

  [207] Jaki, Science and Creation, 194.

  [208] Jaki, Science and Creation, 194.

  [209] Prioresch Plinio, A History of Medicine: Roman Medicine (Omaha, NE: Horatius Press, 1998) 315; Jaki, Science and Creation, 194.

  [210] Jaki, Science and Creation, 194.

  [211] Jaki, Science and Creation, 195.

  [212] Jaki, Science and Creation, 195.

  [213] Jaki, Science and Creation, 197.

  [214] Jaki, Science and Creation, 197.

  [215] Jaki, Science and Creation, 198.

  [216] Jaki, Science and Creation, 199.

  [217] Athar-ul-Bakiya of Albiruni, The Chronology of Ancient Nations: An English Version of the Arabic Text “Vestiges of the Past,” translated by D. Edward Sachau (London: W. H. Allen & Co., 1879), 30; quoted in Science and Creation, 199.

  [218] Jaki, Science and Creation, 200.

  [219] Knox, Isaiah 40:12

  [220] Jaki, Savior of Science, 61.

  [221] Knox, Jeremiah 33:20-21; Jaki, Savior of Science, 62.

  [222] Knox, Jeremiah 31:35-37; Jaki, Savior of Science, 62.

  [223] Knox, Isaiah 40:12-26; Jaki, Savior of Science, 63.

  [224] Knox, Isaiah 45:12, 18; Jaki, Savior of Science, 63.

  [225] Knox, Isaiah 55:10; Jaki, Savior of Science, 63.

  [226] Knox, Isaiah 23:10-11; 24: 21-23; Jaki, Savior of Science, 63.

  [227] Jaki, Savior of Science, 59.

  [228] Jaki, Science and Creation, 148.

  [229] Knox, Psalm 23.

  [230] Knox, Psalm 136; Jaki, Science and Creation, 148-149.

  [231] Knox, Psalm 73: 16-17; Jaki, Savior of Science, 65.

  [232] Knox, Psalm 118: 89-90; Jaki, Savior of Science, 65.

  [233] Knox, Psalm 71: 5-7; Jaki, Savior of Science, 65.

  [234] Knox, Proverbs 8:22-33; Jaki, Savior of Science, 67.

  [235] Jaki, Science and Creation, 146.

  [236] Jaki, Science and Creation, 153, 161.

  [237] Knox, Wisdom 7:17-21; Jaki, Science and Creation, 154.

  [238] Knox, 2 Maccabees 7:28; Jaki, Savior of Science, 71.

  [239] Knox, 2 Maccabees 7:6.

  [240] Knox, 2 Maccabees 7:22-23.

  [241] Knox, 2 Maccabees 7:27-29.

  [242] Jaki, Savior of Science, 71.

  [243] Knox, Wisdom 11:24; Jaki, Savior of Science, 69.

  [244] Knox, Wisdom 11:20-21; Jaki, Science and Creation, 154.

  [245] Clement of Alexandria, The Exhortation to the Greeks, 143; quoted in Jaki, Science and Creation, 168.

  [246] Knox, Psalm 23.

  [247] Jean Marie Danielou, S. J. The Bible and the Liturgy (Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2002), 92-98.

  [248] Jaki, Science and Creation, 163.

  [249] Jaki, Science and Creation, 188; referring to Charles N. Cochrane, Christianity and Classical Culture: A Study of Thought and Action from Augustus to Augustine (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1944).

  [250] Everett Ferguson, Backgrounds of Early Christianity (Grand Rapids, MI: William. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1987, 1993, 2003).

  [251] This is a possible future research project.

  [252] Alexander Roberts, Sir James Donaldson, Arthur Cleveland Coxe, editors, Ante-Nicene Fathers Volume I: The Apostolic Fathers, Justin Martyr, Irenaeus (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1925), 169; quoted in Jaki, Science and Creation, 164.

  [253] Roberts, Ante-Nicene Fathers Volume 1, 191; quoted in Jaki, Science and Creation, 165.

  [254] Alexander Roberts, Sir James Donaldson, Arthur Cleveland Coxe, editors, Ante-Nicene Fat
hers Volume II: Fathers of the Second Century: Hermes, Tatian, Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1925) 131; quoted in Jaki, Science and Creation, 164.

  [255] Roberts,Vol. II, 136. quoted in Jaki, Science and Creation, 164.

  [256] Roberts, Vol. II, 136. quoted partially in Jaki, Science and Creation, 164.

  [257] Jaki, Science and Creation, 165.

  [258] Jaki, Science and Creation, 165.

  [259] Jaki, Science and Creation, 165.

  [260] “Church History Study Helps: The Alexandrian School,” Theology Website at http://www.theologywebsite.com/history/alexandria.shtml.

  [261] “Church History Study Helps: The Alexandrian School.”

  [262] “Church History Study Helps: The Alexandrian School.”

  [263] Jaki, Science and Creation, 163.

  [264] Roberts, Volume II: Fathers of the Second Century: Hermes, Tatian, Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1925), Book I, Chapter iii.

  [265] Clement of Alexandria, translated by G. W. Butterworth, The Exhortation to the Greeks, The Riches of Man’s Salvation, and the Fragment of an Address Entitled To the Newly Baptized (London: William Heinemann, 1919), chapter vi, 153; quoted in Jaki, Science and Creation, 168.

  [266] Clement of Alexandria, The Exhortation to the Greeks, 143; quoted in Jaki, Science and Creation, 168.

  [267] Alexander Roberts, Sir James Donaldson, Arthur Cleveland Coxe, editors, Ante-Nicene Fathers Volume IV: Tertullian, Part Fourth; Minucius Felix; Commodian; Origen, Part First and Second (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1925), Origen, De Principiis, Book II, Chapter 3 “On the Beginning of the World, and Its Causes,” paragraph 4, 273.

  [268] Roberts, Ante-Nicene Fathers Volume IV, 273; quoted in Jaki, Science and Creation, 171.

  [269] Roberts, Ante-Nicene Fathers Volume IV, 273.

  [270] Roberts, Ante-Nicene Fathers Volume IV, 273.

  [271] Jaki, Science and Creation, 175.

  [272] Origen, translated by Henry Chadwick, Contra Celsum (Cambridge: University Press, 1953), 281; quoted in Jaki, Science and Creation, 175.

  [273] Jaki, Science and Creation, 175.

  [274] Jaki, Science and Creation, 177.

  [275] Jaki, Science and Creation, 177.

  [276] Jaki, Science and Creation, 178.

  [277] Philop Schaff, editor, A Select Library of the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church, St. Augustine, The City of God, Volume II, “St. Augustine’s City of God and Christian Doctrine,” (Grand Rapids, MI: William. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1956), Book XI, Chapter 23, 217.

 

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