anns…ntus: standard form for indicating a person’s age; we would say “at the age of…,” but what is the lit. translation? Octavian, the future Augustus, was born Sep. 23, 63 B.C.—prvtus, -a, -um, private (not public), one’s own, personal.—impnsa, -ae, f., cost, outlay, expense.—compar (1), to prepare, make ready; gather, acquire; a homonym of the verb compar in the Catullus poem above.—dominti, domintinis, f., rule, domination.—facti, factinis, f., action of making, producing; group of proponents, faction.—vindic (1), to avenge; champion; “vindicate.”—dcrtum, -, n., decree.—honrificus, -a, -um, that does honor, honorary.—rd, rdinis, m., row, line; order, rank, class; “ordinal,” “coordinate.”—adleg, adlegere, adlg, adlctum, to elect, admit; the senate action mentioned here was supported by Cicero, who the next year fell victim to Octavian’s and Marc Antony’s proscriptions.—Gi Pns et Aul Hirti cnsulibus: on dating years in the Roman calendar by the names of the consuls, see notes to “Bringing Water to Rome,” Capvt XXXIX; Gaius Pansa and Aulus Hirtius were consuls in 43 B.C.—cnsulris, -e, of a consul, consular; cnsulrem…dcendae: though holding the lower office of praetor, Octavian was granted equal voice in the senate with the consuls.—tribu, tribuere, tribu, tribtum, to share, apportion; grant, bestow; “attribute.”—dtrmentum, -, n., loss, harm; “detriment” the senate’s emergency decree authorized Octavian and the two consuls to lead an army against Marc Antony.—prpraetor, prpraetris, m., propraetor, usually a leadership post in the provinces held after service as praetor.—simul, adv., in company, together; at the same time; “simultaneous.”—prvide, prvidre, prvd, prvsum, to foresee, see to, provide; “provident.”—uterque, utraque, utrumque, each (of the two).—triumvir, -, m., triumvir, one of a three-man coalition for governing the state; though Antony’s forces were defeated, both Hirtius and Pansa had been killed, and just a few months later Octavian, in a political about-face he naturally does not mention here, entered into a compact with Antony and his ally Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, to take control of the government.—cnstitu, cnstituere, cnstitu, cnstittum, to found, establish; stabilize, set in order; “constitution,” “reconstitute.”—parentem: i.e., Julius Caesar, Octavian’s great-uncle and adoptive father.—trucd (1), to slaughter (animals); kill (humans) in a savage manner, butcher.—exilium, -, n., exile.—lgitimus, -a, -um, legal, legitimate.—ulcscor, ulcsc, ultus sum, to avenge, punish for wrong-doing.—facinus, facinoris, n., deed, act; misdeed, crime.—nfer, nferre, intul, illtum, to bring in/ on, serve; bring against; “inference” nferents: acc. pl. modifying es.—acis, -, f.; sharp edge; (line of) battle.—cvlis, -e, of/ affecting (one’s fellow) citizens; civil, civic.—externus, -a, -um, outside, external; foreign.—orbis, orbis, m., circle, sphere; orbis terrrum, idiom, the world, earth; “orb,” “orbital.”—victor, victris, m., conqueror, victor.—venia, -ae, f., kindness, favor; pardon, forgiveness; “venial.”—tt, adv., without risk of harm, safely; “tutelage,” “tutor.”—potuit: impers., it was possible.—excd, excdere, excd, excsum, to cut out; destroy; “excise,” “excision.”
The “Prima Porta Augustus,” marble statue of the emperor, possibly from a bronze original, found at Prima Porta, near Rome, late first century B.C. or early first century A.D.. Braccio Nuovo, Museo Chiaramonti, Vatican Museums, Vatican State
Alinari / Art Resource, NY
GRAMMATICA
Verba: Identify all the subjunctive verbs employed in fear clauses, and transform all active forms to passive and passives to active; check your transformations by consulting the Summrium Frmrum appendix.
Nmina: List all nouns employed as genitives and ablatives of description.
Quaestins: Identify all interrogative sentences and indicate which expect an affirmative answer, which expect a negative answer, and which are neutral.
SVMMARIVM FORMARVM
NOUNS—DECLENSIONS
First
porta, -ae
f., gate
Sg.
N.:port-a
G.: port-ae
D.: port-ae
A.: port-am
Ab.: port-
Pl.
N.: port-ae
G.: port-rum
D.: port-s
A.: port-s
Ab.: port-s
Second:
amcus, -
m., friend
N: amc-us1
G.: amc-
D.: amc-
A.: amc-um
Ab.: amc-
N.: amc-
G.: amc-rum
D.: amc-s
A.: amc-s
Ab.: amc-s
puer, -
m., boy
N.: puer
G.: puer-
D.: puer-
A.: puer-um
Ab.: puer-
N.: puer-
G.: puer-rum
D.: puer-s
A.: puer-s
Ab.: puer-s
ager, -gr
m., field
Sg.
N.: ager
G.: agr-
D.: agr-
A.: agr-um
Ab.: agr-
Pl.
N.: agr-
G.: agr-rum
D.: agr-s
A.: agr-s
Ab.: agr-s
dnum, -
n., gift
Sg.
N.: dn-um
G.: dn-
D.: dn-
A.: dn-um
Ab.: dn-
Pl.
N.: dn-a
G.: dn-rum
D.: dn-s
A.: dn-a
Ab.: dn-s
Third
rx, rgis
m., king
Sg.
N.: rx
G.: rg-is
D.: rg-
A.: rg-em
Ab.: rg-e
Pl
N.: rg-s
G.: rg-um
D.: rg-ibus
A.: rg-s
Ab.: rg-ibus
corpus, -ori
n., body
Sg.
N.: corpus
G.: corpor-is
D.: corpor-
A.: corpus
Ab.: corpor-e
Pl.
N.: corpor-a
G.: corpor-um
D.: corpor-ibus
A.: corpor-a
Ab.: corpor-ibus
cvis, -is
m., citizen
Sg.
N.: cv-is
G.: cv-is
D.: cv-
A.: cv-em
Ab.: cv-e
Pl.
N.: cv-s
G.: cv-ium
D.: cv-ibus
A.: cv-s
Ab.: cv-ibus
Third (I-Stems): urbs, -is
f., city
Sg.
N.: urb-s
G.: urb-is
D.: urb-
A.: urb-em
Ab.: urb-e
Pl.
N.: urb-s
G.: urb-ium
D.: urb-ibus
A.: urb-s
Ab.: urb-ibus
mare, -is
n., sea
Sg.
N.: mar-e
G.: mar-is
D.: mar-
A.: mar-e
Ab.: mar-
Pl.
N.: mar-ia
G.>: mar-ium
D.: mar-ibus
A.: mar-ia
Ab.: mar-ibus
frctus, -s
m., fruit
Sg.
N.: frct-us
G.: frct-s
D.: frct-u
A.: frct-um
Ab.: frct-
Pl.
frct-s
frct-uum
frct-ibus
frct-s
frct-ibus
corn, -s
n., horn
Sg.
N.: corn-
G.: corn-s
D.: corn-
A.: corn-
Ab.: corn-
Pl.
N.
: corn-ua
G.: corn-uum
D.: corn-ibus
A.: corn-ua
Ab.: corn-ibus
Fifth
dis, -
m., day
Sg.
N.: di-s
G.: di-
D.: di-
A.: di-em
Ab.: di-
Pl.
N.: di-s
G.: di-rum
D.: di-bus
A.: di-s
Ab.: di-bus
Vs is irregular: Sg., N., vs, G. (vs), D. (v), A. vim. Ab. v Pl., N. vrs, G. vrium, D. vribus, A. vrs, Ab. vribus.
ADJECTIVES—DECLENSIONS
First and Second Declensions
Adjs. in -us, -a, -um
M. F. N.
Singular
N.: magnus
G.: magn
D.: magn
A.: magnum
Ab.: magn
N.: magna
G.: magnae
D.: magnae
A.: magnam
Ab.: magn
N.: magnum
G.: magn
D.: magn
A.: magnum
Ab.: magn
Adjs. in -er, -era, -erum; -er, -ra, -rum
M. F. N.
Singular2
N.: lber
G.: lber
D.: lber
A.: lberum
Ab.: lber
N.: lbera
G.: lberae
D.: lberae
A.: lberam
Ab.: lber
N.: lberum
G.: lber
D.: lber
A.: lberum
Ab.: lber
Plural
N.: magn
G.: magnrum
D.: magns
A.: magns
Ab.: magns
N.: magnae
G.: magnrum
D.: magns
A.: magns
Ab.: magns
N.: magna
G.: magnrum
D.: magns
A.: magna
Ab.: magns
Singular2
N.: pulcher
G.: pulchr
D.: pulchr
A.: pulchrum
Ab.: pulchr
N.: pulchra
G.: pulchrae
D.: pulchrae
A.: pulchram
Ab.: pulchr
N.: pulchrum
G.: pulchr
D.: pulchr
A.: pulchrum
Ab.: pulchr
Third Declension
PRONOUNS
Demonstrative
hic, this
M. F. N.
Sg.
ille, that
G.
D.
A.
Ab.
Sg.
N.: hic
G.: huius
D.: huic
A.: A.: hunc
Ab.: hc
Pl.
N.: h
G.: hrum
D.: hs
A.: hs
Ab.: hs
Sg.
N.: haec
G.: huius
D.: huic
A.: hanc
Ab.: hc
N.: hae
G.: hrum
D.: hs
A.: hs
Ab.: hs
N.: hoc
G.: huius
D.: huic
A.: hoc
Ab.: hc
N.: haec
G.: hrum
D.: hs
A.: haec
Ab.: hs
N.: ille
G.: illus
D.: ill
A.: illum
Ab.: ill
N.: ill
G.: illrum
D.: ills
A.: ills
Ab.: ills
N.: illa
G.: illus
D.: ill
A.: illam
Ab.: ill
N.: illae
G.: illrum
D.: ills
A.: ills
Ab.: ills
N.: illud
G.: illus
D.: ill
A.: illud
Ab.: ill
N.: illa
G.: illrum
D.: ills
A.: illa
Ab.: ills
Relative Interrogative6 Intensive
qu, who, which quis, who? ipse, himself, etc.
Sg.
N.: qu
G.: cuius
D.: cui
A.: quem
Ab.: qu
N.: qu
G.: qurum
D.: quibus
A.: qus
Ab.: quibus
N.: quae
G.: cuius
D.: cui
A.: quam
Ab.: qu
N.: quae
G.: qurum
D.: quibus
A.: qus
Ab.: quibus
N.: quod
G.: cuius
D.: cui
A.: quod
Ab.: qu
N.: quae
G.: qurum
D.: quibus
A.: quae
Ab.: quibus
N.: quis
G.: cuius
D.: cui
A.: quem
Ab.: qu
(Plural is same as that of relative.)
N.: quid
G.: cuius
D.: cui
A.: quid
Ab.: qu
N.: ipse
G.: ipsus
D.: ips
A.: ipsum
Ab.: ips
N.: ips
G.: ipsrum
D.: ipss
A.: ipss
Ab.: ipss
N.: ipsa
G.: ipsus
D.: ips
A.: ipsam
Ab.: ips
N.: ipsae
G.: ipsrum
D.: ipss
A.: ipss
Ab.: ipss
N.: ipsum
G.: ipsus
D.: ips
A.: ipsum
Ab.: ips
N.: ipsa
G.: ipsrum
D.: ipss
A.: ipsa
Ab.: ipss
PRONOUNS
Demonstrative
is, this, that, he, she, it idem, the same
M. F. N. M. F. N.
Sg.
N.
G.
D.
A.
Ab.
Pl.
N.
G.
D.
A.
Ab.
is
eius
e
eum
e
e,i
erum
es, is
es
es
ea
eius
e
eam
e
eae
erum
es, is
es
es
id
eius
e
id
e
ea
erum
es, is
ea
es
dem
eiusdem
edem
eundem
edem
edem, dem
erundem
esdem7
esdem
esdem
eadem
eiusdem
edem
eandem
edem
eaedem
erundem
esdem
esdem
esdem
idem
eiusdem
edem
idem
edem
eadem
erundem
esdem
eadem
esdem
Irregular Adjectives8 Personal9 Reflexive9
; slus, alone, only su, himself, herself, itself
M. F. N. ego, I t, you
Sg.
N.
G.
D.
A.
Ab.
Pl.
N.
G.
D.
A.
Ab.
slus
slus
sl
slum
sl
sl
slrum
sls
sls
sls
sla
slus
sl
slam
sl
slae
slrum
sls
sls
sls
slum
slus
sl
slum
sl
sla
slrum
sls
sla
sls
ego
me
mihi
m
m
ns
nostrum
nostr
nbs
ns
nbs
t
tu
tibi
t
t
vs
vestrum
vestr
vbs
vs
vbs
———
su10
sibi
s11
s11
———
su
sibi
s11
s11
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
Positive
Regular: longus, -a, -um (long)
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