Collingwood, R. G., and R. P. Wright, eds. The Roman Inscriptions of Britain. (RIB)Vol. 1. Oxford ENG: Oxford Univ. Press, 1965.
———. The Roman Inscriptions of Britain. (RIB)Vol. 2. Gloucester ENG: Alan Sutton, 1990.
Courtney, E. Musa Lapidaria: A Selection of Latin Verse Inscriptions. Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press, 1995.
De Rossi, Giovanni B., et al. Inscriptiones Christianae Urbis Romae Septimo Saeculo Antiquiores. Rome IT: Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana (and various other publishers), 1857–1915; new series 1922–.
Dessau, Hermann. Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae. (ILS) 3 vols. Berlin GER: Weidmannn, 1892–1916.
Dixon, Suzanne. The Roman Mother. Norman, OK: Univ. of Oklahoma Press, 1988.
Dobbins, John J., and Pedar W. Foss, eds. The World of Pompeii. London ENG: Routledge, 2007.
Franklin, James L. Jr., Pompeii: The Electoral Programmata, Campaigns and Politics, A.D.. 71–79. Rome IT: American Academy in Rome, 1980.
———. Pompeis Difficile Est: Studies in the Political Life of Imperial Pompeii. Ann Arbor, MI: Univ. of Michigan Press, 2001.
Gantz, Timothy, and Frances Van Keuren. The Richard E. Paulson Collection of Ancient Coins. Athens, GA: Georgia Museum of Art, 1981.
Glare, P. G. W., ed. Oxford Latin Dictionary. Oxford ENG: Oxford Univ. Press, 1996.
Gordon, Arthur E. Illustrated Introduction to Latin Epigraphy. Berkeley, CA: Univ. of California Press, 1983.
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ABBREVIATIONES
General abbreviations employed in the notes:
abl.: ablative (case)
acc.: accusative (case)
act.: active (voice)
A.D..: after Christ (Lat. anno domini, lit., in the year of the Lord)
adj.: adjective, adjectival
adv.: adverb, adverbial
B.C.: before Christ
ca.: about, approximately (Lat. circa)
cent.: century
cf.: compare (Lat. confer)
conj.: conjunction
compar.: comparative (degree)
dat.: dative (case)
decl.: declension
dir. obj.: direct object
ed.: edition; edited by
e.g.: for example (Lat. exempli gratia)
Eng.: English
esp.: especially
etc.: and others (Lat. et cetera)
f.: feminine
fut.: future (tense)
fut. perf.: future perfect (tense)
gen.: genitive (case)
i.e.: that is (Lat. id est)
imperat.: imperative
imperf.: imperfect
impers.: impersonal
indecl.: indeclinable
indef.: indefinite
indic.: indicative (mood)
ind. obj.: indirect object
ind. quest.: indirect question
ind. state.: indirect statement
infin.: infinitive
interj.: interjection
interrog.: interrogative
irreg.: irregular
Lat.: Latin
lit.: literal(ly)
m.: masculine
n.: neuter
nom.: nominative (case)
obj.: object
partic.: participle
pass.: passive (voice)
perf.: perfect (tense)
pers.: personal (pronoun)
pl.: plural
pluperf.: pluperfect
pred.: predicate
prep.: preposition
pres.: present (tense)
pron.: pronoun
rel.: relative
sc.: understand, supply (Lat. scilicet)
sg.: singular
subj.: subject
subjunct.: subjunctive (mood)
superl.: superlative (degree)
voc.: vocative (case)
vol.: volume
vs.: as opposed to (Lat. versus)
Ancient Works:
The abbreviations employed here are chiefly those of the Oxford Classical Dictionary (3rd edition).
Apicius:
Coq.: De Re Coquinaria
Apuleius:
Apol.: Apologia Met. Metamorphoses
Augustine:
Civ. D.: De Civitate Dei
Man.: De Duabus Animabus contra Manichaeos
Evang. Iohan.: Tractatus in Evangelium Iohannis
Serm.: Sermones
Aulus Gellius:
NA: Noctes Atticae
Ausonius:
Ros. Nasc.: De Rosis Nascentibus
Sept. Sap. Sententiae Septem Sapientum (pseudo-Ausonius)
Boethius:
Cons. Phil.: De Consolatione Philosophiae
Caesar:
B. Gall.: Bellum Gallicum
Cassiodorus:
Var.: Variae
(Dionysius) Cato
Dist.: Disticha
Monost.: Monosticha
Catullus:
Carm.: Carmina
Celsus:
Med.: De Medicina
Cicero:
Amic.: De Amicitia
Brut.: Brutus or De Claris Oratoribus
Cat.: In Catilinam
Clu.: Pro Cluentio
Comm. Pet.: Commentariolum Petitionis
Or.: De Oratore
Fam.: Epistulae ad Familiares
Fin.: De Finibus
Leg.: De Legibus
Mil.: Pro Milone
Nat. D.: De Natura Deorum
Off.: De Officiis
Phil.: Orationes Phillippicae
Planc.: Pro Plancio
Q. Fr.: Epistulae ad Quintum Fratrem
Rep.: De Republica
Rosc. Am.: Pro Sexto Roscio Amerino
Tusc.: Tusculanae Disputationes
Verr.: In Verrem
Claudian:
Bell. Gild.: De Bello Gildonico
Columella:
Rust.: De Re Rustica
Cyprian:
Ep. Don.: Epistulae ad Donatum
Ennius:
Ann.: Annales
Erasmus:
Ad.: Adagia
Florus:
Epit.: Epitome
Frontinus:
Aq.: De Aquis Urbis Romae
Gaius:
Dig.: Digesta
Gaius Julius Victor:
Ars Rhet.: Ars Rhetorica
Horace:
Carm.: Carmina or Odes
Epist.: Epistulae
Sat.: Saturae or Sermones
Hugo of St. Victor:
Didasc.: Didascalicon
Jerome:
Adv. Pel.: Dialogus adversus Pelagianos
Ec.: In Ecclesiasten
Ep.: Epistulae
Justinian
Inst.: Institutiones
Juvenal:
Sat.: Saturae
Livy:
Urbe Cond.: Ab Urbe Condita
Lucan:
Phars.: Pharsalia
Lucretius:
Rer. Nat.: De Rerum Natura
Macrobius:
Sat.: Saturnalia
Manilius:
Astron.: Astr
onomica
Martial:
Epig.: Epigrammata
Nepos:
Att.: Atticus
Eum.: Eumenes
Epam.: Epaminondas
Hann.: Hannibal
Ovid:
Am.: Amores
Ars Am.: Ars Amatoria
Fas.: Fasti
Her.: Heroides
Met.: Metamorphoses
Rem. Am.: Remedia Amoris
Tr.: Tristia
Paulus:
Dig.: Digesta
Persius:
Sat.: Saturae
Petronius:
Sat.: Satyricon
Phaedrus
Fab.: Fabulae
Plautus:
Amph.: Amphitruo
Aul.: Aulularia
Capt.: Captivi
Curc.: Curculio
Merc.: Mercator
Pers.: Persa
Poen.: Poenulus
Pseud.: Pseudolus
Truc.: Truculentus
Pliny (the Elder):
HN: Naturalis Historia
Pliny (the Younger):
Ep.: Epistulae
Propertius:
El.: Elegiae
Prudentius:
Perist.: Peristephanon
Publilius Syrus:
Sent.: Sententiae
Quintilian:
Decl. Mai.: Declamationes Maiores
Inst.: Institutio Oratoria
Sallust:
Cat.: Bellum Catilinae
Seneca (the Younger):
Apoc.: Apocolocyntosis
Clem.: De Clementia
Ep.: Epistulae Morales
Ir.: De Ira
Herc. Fur.: Hercules Furens
Herc. Oet.: Hercules Oetaeus
Med.: Medea
Oed.: Oedipus
Phaed.: Phaedra
Prov.: De Providentia
Q. Nat.: Quaestiones Naturales
Rem. Fort.: De Remediis Fortuitorum
Suas.: Suasoriae
Tranq.: De Tranquillitate Animi
Thy.: Thyestes
Tro.: Troades
Vit. Beat.: De Vita Beata
Statius:
Theb.: Thebais
Suetonius:
Aug.: Divus Augustus
Claud.: Divus Claudius
Vesp.: Divus Vespasianus
Sulpicia:
El.: Elegiae
Tacitus:
Agr.: Agricola
Ann.: Annales
Hist.: Historiae
Terence:
An.: Andria
Eun.: Eunuchus
Heaut.: Heautontimorumenos
Phorm.: Phormio
Terentianus Maurus:
Lit.: De Litteris, Syllabis, Metris
Tibullus:
El.: Elegiae
Ulpian:
Dig.: Digesta
Valerius Maximus:
Fact. et Dict.: Facta et Dicta Memorabilia
Varro:
Rust.: De Re Rustica
Sat. Men.: Saturae Menippeae
Vegetius:
Mil.: De Re Militari
Velleius Paterculus:
Hist. Rom.: Historia Romana
Vergil:
Aen.: Aeneid
Ecl.: Eclogues
Collections of inscriptions:
AE: L’année épigraphique
CIL: Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum; CIL 12 indicates the 2nd ed. of vol. 1
CLE: Carmina Latina Epigraphica
ICUR: Inscriptiones Christianae Urbis Romae
ILS: Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae
NSc: Notizie degli scavi di antichità
RIB: Roman Inscriptions of Britain
VOCABVLA
This list includes all the words from the 40 chapter-vocabularies in Wheelock’s Latin that also occur in the Latin readings in this book; the number following each entry indicates the chapter in Wheelock’s Latin in which the word is introduced. Words that appear in the readings of this book which have not yet been introduced by the corresponding chapter of Wheelock, or are not introduced at all in Wheelock, are glossed at their first occurrence in each chapter; if the word appears again later in the same chapter, you may need to scan back through that chapter’s notes if you do not recall the meaning.
ab, (+abl.), away from, from; by (14)
abe, abre, abi, abitum, to go (37) absns, gen. absentis, absent, away (37)
accipi, accipere, accp, acceptum, to take (to one’s self ), receive, accept (24)
cer, cris, cre, sharp, keen, eager; severe, fierce (16) (superl. cerrimus) (27)
acerbus, acerba, acerbum, harsh, bitter, grievous (12)
cerrimus. See acer.ad (+acc.), to, up to, near to (8)
adfer, adferre, attul, alltum, to bring to (31)
adiuv, adiuvre, adiv, aditum, to help, aid, assist; to please (4)
admitt, admittere, adms, admissum, to admit, receive, let in (17)
adulscentia, adulscentiae ( f ), youth, young manhood; youthfulness (5)
aequus, aequa, aequum, level, even; calm; equal, just; favorable (22)
aes, aeris (n), bronze (40)
aests, aesttis ( f ), summer (35) aets, aettis ( f ), period of life, life, age, an age, time (16)
ager, agr (m), field, farm (3) ag, agere, g, ctum, to drive, lead, do, act; pass, spend (life or time) (8)
agricola, agricolae (m), farmer (3) it, iunt, he says, they say, assert (25)
aliquis, aliquid, someone, somebody, something (23)
alius, alia, aliud, other, another; ali…ali, some…others (9)
al, alere, alu, altum, to nourish, support, sustain, increase; cherish (13)
alter, altera, alterum, the other (of two), second (9)
ambul, ambulre, ambulv, ambultum, to walk (39) amca, amcae ( f ), friend (female) (3)
amcitia, amcitiae ( f ), friendship (10)
amcus, amca, amcum, friendly (11)
amcus, amc (m), friend (male) (3)
mitt, mittere, ms, missum, to lose, let go (12)
am, amre, amv, amtum, to love, like (1)
amor, amris (m), love (7)
anima, animae ( f ), soul, spirit (34)
anim, animrum (m), high spirits, pride, courage(5)
animus, anim (m), soul, spirit, mind (5)
annus, ann (m), year (12)
ante (+acc.), before (in place or time), in front of; before, previously (adv.) (13)
antquus, antqua, antquum, ancient, old-time (2)
appell, appellre, appellv, appelltum, to speak to, address (as), call, name (14)
apud (+acc.), among, in the presence of, at the house of (31)
aqua, aquae ( f ), water (14)
arbor, arboris ( f ), tree (38) arma, armrum (n. pl.), arms, weapons (28) ars, artis ( f ), art, skill (14) at, but; but, mind you; but, you say (19)
Athnae, Athnrum ( f. pl), Athens (37)
atque, ac, and, and also, and even (21) aude, audre, ausus sum, to dare (7)
audi, audre, audv, audtum, to hear, listen to (10)
audtor, audtris (m), hearer, listener, member of an audience (16)
auris, auris ( f ), ear (14)
aut, or (17)
aut…aut, either…or (17)
autem, however; moreover (11)
auxilium, auxili (n), aid, help (31)
avrus, avra, avrum, greedy, avaricious (3)
bsium, bsi (n), kiss (4)
betus, beta, betum, happy, fortunate, blessed (10)
bellum, bell (n), war (4)
bellus, bella, bellum, pretty, handsome, charming (4)
bene adv. of bonus, well, satisfactorily, quite (11) (compar. melius, better; superl. optim, best) (32)
beneficium, benefici (n), benefit, kindness; favor (19)
bib, bibere, bib, to drink (30)
bonus, bona, bonum, good, kind (4) (compar. melior; superl. optimus) (27)
brevis, breve, short, small, brief (16)
cad, cadere, cecid, csrum, to fall (12)
caecus, caeca, ca
ecum, blind (17)
caelum, cael (n), sky, heaven (5)
Caesar, Caesaris (m), Caesar (12)
capi, capere, cp, captum, to take, capture, seize, get (10)
caput, capitis (n), head; leader; beginning; life; heading; chapter (11)
care, carre, caru, caritrum (+abl.), to be without, be deprived of, want, lack; be free from (20)
carmen, carminis (n), song, poem (7) carp, carpere, carps, carptum, to harvest, pluck; seize (36)
Carthg, Carthginis ( f ), Carthage (24)
crus, cra, crum, dear (11)
causa, causae ( f ), cause, reason; case, situation (21)
cd, cdere, cess, cessum, to go, withdraw; yield to, grant, submit (28)
celeriter adv. of celer, quickly (32)
cna, cnae ( f ), dinner (26)
cn, cnre, cnv, cntum, to dine (5)
centum, a hundred (15)
cern, cernere, crv, crtum, to distinguish, discern, perceive (22)
certus, certa, certum, definite, sure, certain, reliable (19)
cter, cterae, ctera, the remaining, the rest, the other, all the others (30)
Cicer, Cicernis (m), (Marcus Tullius) Cicero (8)
cito, quickly (17)
cvis, cvis (m or f ), citizen (14)
cvits, cvittis ( f ), state, citizenship (7)
clrus, clra, clrum, clear, bright; renowned, famous, illustrious (18)
clmentia, clmentiae ( f ), mildness, gentleness, mercy (16)
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