Hitler

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Hitler Page 179

by Peter Longerich


  removes Funk from Economics post, 659–660

  as Prussian interior minister, purge of democratic officials, 288

  as Prussian Minister of the Interior, 271–273, 295, 303bans Communist Party meetings, 287, 290–291

  Winterfeld and, 320

  as Prussian Prime Minister, 303, 320, 375–376amalgamation of Prussian ministries, 375–376

  raw materials production campaign, 461–462, 465

  as Reich Commissioner for raw materials and foreign exchange, 449

  as Reich Forestry Office chief, 375–376

  as Reich Marshall, 542–543, 697–698

  on Reichstag fire, 290

  as Reichstag President, 257–258, 262–263, 274, 289

  as SA commander, 383anti-Jewish attacks, 293–294

  appointment, 110

  leadership purge, 383–387

  speeches, traitors, 412

  Speer and, 884–885, 906–907, 911–912

  support for Franco coup, 456

  Göring, Hermann denounces military ‘traitors,’ 412

  Graefe, Albrecht von, 128, 130, 132, 143–144

  Graf, Ulrich, 85–86, 107–108

  Grandel, Gottfried, 83

  Graz, 493, 547, 557

  Great Britain, 182, 422, 427–428, 472, 538, 561, 640–641, 644, 651–652, 674–675, 697–700, 738, 817air war against, 817, 833, 874, 907

  air warfare against, 703–704rocket strikes, 908–909, 932

  alliance prospects, 639–641, 955Hitler abandons, 527–528, 538

  Ribbentrop on, 538

  Austria and, 343

  colonial possessions, 472, 708, 715–716, 961India, 705–706, 708–709, 734–735, 755, 777, 797–798

  conscription introduced, 625

  Czecheslovakia and, 536–537

  declares war, 652

  Finland and, 712

  France and, 705–706, 708conflicting interests, 138

  Geneva disarmament talks, 416–418

  German alliance prospects, 137–139, 167–168, 181, 333–334, 428, 431–432, 462–463, 467, 469–470

  German rearmament and, 442–443, 520–521

  Germany andJewish persecution and, 427–428

  naval restrictions, 419–422

  trade with, 379–380, 405–406

  government, 224–225, 416, 422, 446, 471–472, 575, 638–643, 652, 674

  Hitler on, as opponent, 75

  invasionEuropean occupation as prerequisite, 679, 693

  German unreadiness for, 695

  invasion plans, 623–624, 695, 699–700, 704, 710, 718–719, 734, 750–751

  Italy and, 559, 642alliance prospects, 341–342

  cooperation polucy, 454–455

  Jewish refugees, 596

  Locarno Pact, 441

  Munich Conference, 582

  naval power, 598

  naval restrictions, 618, 627

  naval warfare against, 751

  Nazi propaganda against, 627, 630, 677, 720, 761–762

  North Africa campaign, 735–736

  as opponent, 534, 561, 565–566intervention prevention policy, 538

  Poland and, 620, 637–638, 641–642British ultimatum, 652

  Danzig question, 539

  Poland requests British guarantee of support, 612–613

  rejects German ‘appeal for peace,’ 698

  Rudolf Hess flies to, 730

  Soviet Union and, 632–633, 712, 718, 726, 741–742Societ-German alliance and, 697–698

  Soviets as German ally, 699

  war against Britain contingent on Soviet defeat, 740, 798, 940

  United States and, 705, 730–731, 785, 962rivalry between, 182

  unreadiness for war, 636

  war against as focus, 767

  war preparations against, 587–588

  Great German Art Exhibition, 485–488

  Greater Germanic Reich, 490–491, 611, 687, 800, 827–829, 863, 879, 961

  Greece, 621, 712–716, 719–726, 744–745, 830, 862, 961

  Greim, Robert Ritter von, 72–73, 946–947

  Greiser, Artur, 663–664, 770–771, 774–775, 836

  Grillmeier, Alois, 65–66

  Gröber, Conrad, 335–336

  Groener, Wilhelm, 227, 235–236, 240–241, 243–244

  Grohé, Josef, 837–838

  Grossdeutscher Jugendbund, 307

  Grossdeutsche Volksgemainschaft (GVG), 127–130, 133, 144, 146–147

  Grützner, Eduard, 487–488

  Grynszpan, Herschel, 590–591

  Grzesinsky, Albert, 290–291, 319

  Guariglia, Raffaele, 872

  Guderian, Heinz, 748–749, 888–889, 926

  Günther, Hans, 194–195

  Gürtner, Franz, 281, 409–410, 810–811

  Gustloff, Wilhelm, 440–441, 474, 591

  Gutberlet, Wilhelm, 67–68

  Gutmann, Hugo, 39–40

  Gypsies, 774, 825

  Haake, Heinrich, 147–148

  Haase, Ludolf, 132

  Habicht, Theodor, 395–396

  Habsburg Monarchy, 28

  Hácha, Emil, 608–609

  Halder, FranzBalkan capaign plan, 723

  Belgium and Netherlands offensive, 675–677

  on Britain, 698–700, 704

  coup plans, 574, 675, 677

  Czecheslovakia and, 574

  Danzig question and, 640

  dismissal, 847–848

  Eastern front, 697, 717, 719–720, 726, 732, 744–750, 780, 814, 823–824, 846

  on Hitler, 643, 681–682, 847Operation Sea Lion, 695–696

  Hitler reproaches, 679

  on Hitler’s plans for Poland, 655–656

  post-Barbarossa plan, 734–735, 744

  on Wagner and Heydrich, 654

  Hall, Stephen King, 627–628

  Hamburg National Club, 167, 211–212

  Hammerstein-Equord, Kurt Freiherr von, 283–284

  Hanfstängl, Ernst, 104–108, 118

  Hanisch, Reinhold, 25–27

  Hanke, Karl, 905–906

  Harrer, Karl, 64–65, 69–71

  Harzburg Front, 231, 236, 242, 261, 270, 274–275, 952–953

  Hassell, Ulrich von, 418, 441–443, 445–446, 530–531, 600, 918–919

  Haug, Hans, 160–161

  Haug, Jenny, 161–162

  Haushofer, Albrecht, 469

  Haushofer, Karl, 86

  Häusler, Rudolf, 31–32

  Hayler, Franz, 884

  Heidegger, Martin, 312

  Heilmann & Littmann, 32–33

  Heim, Georg, 98–99

  Heimatdienst Bayern, 57–58

  Heines, Edmund, 385–386

  Held , Heinrich, 143

  Helldorf, Wolff-Heinrich von, 571

  Henderson, Nevile, 547–548, 638–640, 642–643, 652

  Henlein, Konrad, 532–535, 555–556, 575–576

  Hennig, Wilhelm, 143–144

  Hepp, Ernst, 35, 42–43

  Hermann Göring steel works, 533–534, 566–567

  Hermine Reuss of Greiz, 230

  Heroes’ Remembrance Day, 444

  Hess, Rudolf, 85–87, 185, 266–268, 369–370, 372, 382, 501–503, 651–652, 728–730

  Hess, Rudolf, essay on German dictator, 102–103

  Heydebreck, Hans-Peter von, 386

  Heydrich, Reinhard, 452, 654, 772

  Hiedler, Johann Georg, 7–8

  Hiedler, Johann Nepomuk, 7–8

  Hierl, Konstantin, 66, 84–85, 193–194, 200–201, 213–214, 249, 295, 496–497, 513

  High Pressure Pump (gun), 875

  Hilgenfeldt, Erich, 347

  Himmler, Heinrich, 268–269, 452–453, 769–770, 820–821concentration and death camps, 666

  concentration camp reform, 454

  concentration of power in, 833

  ethnic policies, 513–514

  expulsion of Polish Jews, 590

  Final Solution, 774–776, 820, 883

  as Gestapo head, 452–453

  as h
ead of SS, 496–497, 664, 701, 731–734, 759, 825, 833, 935Einsatzgruppen pogroms, 759–760

  forced SS recruitment, 828–829

  orders insurgent executions, 654

  Jewish deportations, 703, 770–771, 808, 818, 820–821

  Madagascar project, 700–701

  reputation for brutality, 758

  resettlement programme, 667, 757–758

  Hindenburg, Oskar von, 272

  Hindenburg, Paul von, 196–197, 200, 210, 228, 232, 239, 262, 268–269, 272, 322–323, 952–953

  Hitler, Adolf, 127, 139–140, 622–623ambition to become German Führer, 116–117

  announcement of withdrawal from politics, 130

  anti-Semitism, 17, 22–23, 26–27, 29–32, 39, 59–62, 76, 177–178in relation to other enemies, 31, 62

  removal of Jews, 166

  appointed Chancellor, 279

  appointment as Chancellor, 275

  architecture and, 21–22, 491–499considers joining architectural academy, 32–33

  criticism of megalomaniacal building projects, 495

  designs buildings, 18

  Hitler’s tastes in, 21–22, 491–492

  as immortalization of Nazi power, 353, 484, 491–492

  town planning, 355–356, 493, 884

  art and, 310ambiguity of opinion, 403–404

  art collection, 489–490

  artistic ambitions, 11, 16, 18–19, 23–24, 32, 134, 355–356, 488, 694, 938, 955–956

  artistic aspirations, 11, 16, 18–19, 23–24, 32, 134, 355–356, 938, 955–956

  attacks on modern art, 351, 403–404, 432–433, 485–487

  Hitler as connoisseur, 346–347, 955–956

  Munich as centre, 351–352

  music, 19, 22

  postcard painting, 25–27

  programmatic statements, 487, 494–495

  racial views on, 194–195, 403–404, 484–485, 487

  taste in art, 356, 485, 487–489

  unconvinced of merits of Nazi artists, 491

  Vienna Academy of Fine Art, 19–25, 27–28, 310–311

  assassination attempts, 905, 919–923, 926–927Bürgerbräukeller, 677–678

  Ballerstedt attack, 93, 111

  Beer Hall putsch, 115, 118release from Landsberg, 143

  trial, C5–127

  Berchtesgaden, 108, 136, 159–161, 181–182, 243–244, 354–356, 868, 943, 945–946

  birthday celebrations, 115–116, 127, 308–309, 376–377, 460, 615–617, 626–627, 688, 812–813, 944–945

  as Chancellor (1933-1934)abolishes political parties, 319–324

  anti-Jewish initiatives, 301–303

  appoints Goebbels minister of propaganda, 294–295

  appoints Nazis to government roles, 295

  attacks on Centre Party, 287–288

  Church policy, 325–326

  Enabling Law, 297–301

  meets Reichswehr commanders, 283–284

  rearmament programme, 285–286

  SPD and, 299

  as Chancellor, speeches, 298

  claim to Chancellorship, 248, 253–254, 259–260, 268–269, 273–274, 333, 344–345, 959–960

  criminal and imprisonmentdemonstrations against, 127

  Landsberg imprisonment, 126

  DAP andattends first meeting, 65

  new procedural rules, 70

  removal of Harrer as party leader, 69–70

  death, 947–948

  demands office of Chancellor, 255–256, 262

  Deutscher Kampfbund and, 113

  as dictator, establishment of dictatorship, C12, 279–291

  Dinter and, 185

  early life, Realschule, 11, 14–15

  Edmund, 9–10

  education, 11, 14–16

  entourage, 77, 96–97, 110, 133, 157–158, 220–221, 353–356, 399–400, 459, 636, 785–7861922/1923, 107–108

  Hoffmann, 106–107

  family, 7–8father, 7–12

  grandparents, 7–8

  Jewish ancestry rumours, 7–8

  mother, 7–11, 16, 18–22, 24–25

  siblings, 8, 10

  foreign policy, 138–139, 152–153, 178–179, 182–184, 333–334, 344–345, 415–416, 466–467, 520–522, 835, 954–955, 957

  France and, 364

  as Führer (1934-1945), 500

  Goebbels andfriendship, 222–223

  Hitler as instrument of divine fate, 155–156

  newspaper expansions, 198

  spells out demands for Centre Party coalition, 208

  ideas, 166, 169–170

  industry and business and, 232–234

  intellectual influencesPoetsch, 15–16

  Reichswehr indoctrination, 57–61

  Rosenberg and Sceubner-Richter, 86–87

  leadership style, 153, 157–158, 213, 502, 906direct rule, 832, 839–840

  divide and rule, 218–219

  as Führer, 249

  personalization, 218–219, 249

  unpredictability, 157–158

  on Leningrad, 753–754

  lifestyle, 25, 159–160, 220homes and property, 159

  personal finances, 20–21, 27, 41, 96–97, 159–160, 220

  living space thesis, 136–137, 178, 181, 260, 283–284, 531–532, 535, 537–538, 605, 622–624, 960–961

  Ludendorff as, pushes for election as Reich President, 144–145

  Mein Kampf, 14–17, 19–20, 24–25, 28–30, 32, 42–44, 133–140, 159–160, 169

  military service, 33–44, 63AH’s reflections on, 40–41

  avoidance of conscription, 33

  Battle of Arras, 39

  Battle of the Marne, 39–40

  as Corporal, 37–38

  as council representative, 50

  decoration, 38–40

  discharge, 82–83

  First Battle of Flanders, 35–37

  hospitalization and end of WWI, 44

  military discipline and, 43

  performance and reputation, 38, 40

  propaganda speaking, 58

  sense of purposefulness, 34

  Traunstein POW camp, 49–50

  trench warfare, 37

  wounding, 39

  Nazi party andambition to establish national party, 147

  as Führer, 115–116

  fundraising, 103

  joins DAP, 63

  as party chairman, 153

  as propaganda chief, 79–81

  re-establishment guidelines, 145–146

  Nero Order, 941–942

  Pan-Germanism, 28–29, 61–62

  paramilitary organizations and, 156, 177

  personal finances, 20–21, 27, 41, 96–97, 159–160, 220

  personality, 7, 10–11, 17–19, 41, 43, 78, 80–81, 157–158, 163, 949–950, 954charisma, 840–842

  childishness, 44

  depression, 45

  disorganization, 43

  grandiosity, 24

  megalomania, 78–79, 136, 158

  narcissism, 10–11, 256

  rhetorical talent and, 78–79

  Poland and, 365

  political and intellectual viewsMunich years, 32

  on propaganda, 79–80

  political ideaslack of specificity, 239–240

  living space, 169, 260

  political influencesLueger, 26, 29–30

  Schönerer, 14, 26, 28–30

  political opinions, German defeat in WWI, 44–45

  political testament, 104, 947–948

  political viewsantipathy to socialism, 62

  during WWI, 42

  Vienna, 28–31, 62

  publications, second book, 181–182

  public imagepersonal appearance, 27–28, 106, 158–159, 298, 331

  photographic images, 107, 158–159

  as statesman, 220

  radio broadcasts, 293–294, 359–360, 415, 762, 770, 876–877, 894–895

  rearmament and, naval expansion, 420

  road-building programme, 315–316

  Röh
m and, 131

  SA and, 203, 207, 215–216, 403AH’s view on role of SA, 156

  Schleicher and, 263

  self-image, 24–25, 30–31, 41, 45, 61, 88–89, 107, 127, 133–134, 237as Bavarian, 93–94

  as Führer, 101, 115–116, 124–125

  as genius, 7, 24, 133–134, 158, 220, 488, 927–928, 938, 949–950

  as great German, 116–117

  as heroic leader, 122–123

  on socialism, 62

  social relationships, 108, 154, 160–161, 428, 441, 527, 531, 538, 651–652, 661, 724and status as Führer, 353–354

  speeches, 75, 95–96, 166–167, 169, 172, 419, 481–482, 497, 508, 576, 635, 793–794, 8121925 ban on, 147

  1930 Reichstag elections, 201–202

  agricultural audiences, 175–176

  anti-Semitism, 75, 165, 177–178, 195–196

  Appeal to the German people, 282

  audience numbers, 167–169

  Beer Hall putsch trial, 123, 125

  business audiences, 166–168, 211–212, 233

  as Chancellor (1933-1934), 286–287

  Circus Krone (1921), 84

  Düsseldorf Industry Club, 233

  early DAP speeches, 69

  early Nazi meetings, 75–79

  early Nazi party, 84

  entrance fees, 171

  frequency, 164, 170

  government statements, 359–360, 373

  Hamburg National Club, 167, 211–212

  key themes, 171

  living space motif, 178, 196

  Nazi party re-establishment, 146

  party members as audience, 165

  Party Rallies, 169–170

  peace speeches, 318, 339–340, 344–345, 419, 423, 443–444

  Poland, 622–624

  to Reichswehr commanders, 283–284

  Reichswehr indoctrination, 58–59

  Saxon parliament elections (1930), 195–196

  setting and stage-management, 164, 170–172

  structure, 171–172

  talent as public speaker, 76–79

  United States and, AH’s opinion, 181–182

  Volkswagen project, 450

  as Wehrmacht commander, assumes command, 542–543

  women and, 23, 41, 160–161, 163, 220Eugenie Haug, 160–161

  Geli Raubal, 162, 220, 223, 489, 626–627

 

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