“These people”: Abigail Adams to John Quincy Adams, May 15, 1800, AFP, reel 4.
“the defection of New York”: Abigail Adams to Thomas B. Adams, Nov. 13, 1800, LMA, 2:239.
“Hamilton has been opposing”: James McHenry to John Adams, May 31, 1800, AFP, reel 397 (recounting Adams’s comments to McHenry).
“To reign by fear”: American Citizen, May 6, 1800, p. 3.
“a lesson”: Robert R. Livingston to Thomas Jefferson, May 8, 1800, quoted in Bernstein, Rise of the Democratic-Republican Party in New York City, p. 415.
“a figure of rage”: John Dawson to James Monroe, May 4, 1800, quoted in ibid., p. 417.
“invest him with the power” and following quotes: Aurora, May 7, 1800, p. 2.
“infamous lie”: New York newspaper quoted in MAB, 2:61.
“This measure will” and following quotes from Hamilton and Schuyler: Alexander Hamilton to John Jay, May 7, 1800, CJJ, 4:271–72; Philip Schuyler to John Jay, CJJ, 4:273.
“Hamilton’s appeal”: Ron Chernow, Alexander Hamilton (New York: Penguin Press, 2004), p. 609.
“Proposing a measure”: Alexander Hamilton to John Jay, May 7, 1800, CJJ, 4:272n.
“several of our friends”: Theodore Sedgwick to Rufus King, Dec. 12, 1799, LCRK, 3:155.
“Pray how”: John Dawson to James Madison, Feb. 23, 1800, PJM, 17:366.
“I have no reason”: James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, Mar. 15, 1800, PJM, 17:373.
“That the election”: Franklin, Vindication of the General Ticket Law (Richmond: Samuel Pleasants, 1800), p. 22.
“I find that”: James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, Apr. 20, 1800, PJM, 17:381.
“The elections so far”: James Monroe to Thomas Jefferson, Apr. 26, 1800, WJM, 3:175.
“The patrons”: James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, Apr. 27, 1800, PJM, 17:383.
“The Feds begin”: Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, Mar. 8, 1800, PTJ, 31:408.
“The results”: Aurora, May 6, 1800, p. 2
“New York, by an effort”: Abigail Adams to Mary Smith Cranch, May 5, 1800, NLAA, pp. 251–52.
CHAPTER FIVE: CAUCUSES AND CALUMNY
PAGE
“Some person”: James Monroe to James Madison, Oct. 9, 1792, Monroe Writings, 1:243.
“the whole body”: John Beckley to James Madison, June 20, 1796, PJM, 16:371.
“has effected all”: Matthew L. Davis to Albert Gallatin, May 5, 1800, PAG, reel 4.
“principally”: Matthew L. Davis to Albert Gallatin, Mar. 29, 1800, PAG, reel 4.
“It is generally”: Ibid.
“Who is to be”: Albert Gallatin to Hannah Gallatin, May 6, 1800, PAG, reel 4.
“After much conversation” and following: George Clinton to DeWitt Clinton, Dec. 13, 1803, Papers of DeWitt Clinton, reel 1, Columbia University Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
“of all the Republicans” and following: James Nicholson to Albert Gallatin, May 7, 1800, PAG, reel 4.
“Burr says”: Hannah Gallatin to Albert Gallatin, May 7, 1800, PAG, reel 4.
“fractious meeting” and following: Aurora, Sept. 22, 1800, p. 2.
“We had last night”: Albert Gallatin to Hannah Gallatin, May 12, 1800, PAG, reel 4.
“It is our mutual duty”: Thomas Jefferson to Pierce Butler, Aug. 11, 1800, PTJ, 32:91.
“Can we, may we”: David Gelston to James Madison, Oct. 8, 1800, PJM, 17:418–19.
“It would be superfluous”: James Madison to James Monroe, Oct. 21, 1800, PJM, 17:426.
“crooked gun”: Thomas Jefferson to William Branch Giles, Apr. 20, 1807, WTJ (Ford) 10:387.
“singular and mysterious” and following: Fisher Ames to Rufus King, July 15, 1800, LCRK, 3:275.
“No, no” and following: Various wordings of Pinckney’s response appear in Marvin R. Zahniser, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney: Founding Father (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1967), p. 170.
“To support Adams”: Alexander Hamilton to Theodore Sedgwick, May 4, 1800, PAH, 24:452–53.
“It is therefore”: Ibid.
“hocus-pocus”: Thomas Jefferson to Thomas M. Randolph, May 7, 1800, in PTJ, 31:562.
“It is understood”: Fisher Ames to Chauncey Goodrich, June 12, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:367.
“We have had”: Theodore Sedgwick to Rufus King, May 11, 1800, LCRK, 3:238.
“Had the foulest”: Theodore Sedgwick, in David G. McCollough, John Adams (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2001), p. 524.
“It is true”: Theodore Sedgwick to Rufus King, May 11, 1800, LCRK, 3:238.
“He says that”: Theodore Sedgwick to Alexander Hamilton, May 7, 1800, PAH, 24:467.
“He is” and following: Alexander Hamilton to Theodore Sedgwick, May 10, 1800, PAH, 24:475.
“would vote unanimously”: George Cabot to Oliver Wolcott, June 14, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:370.
“would join in”: Fisher Ames to Chauncey Goodrich, June 12, 1800, WFA, 2:1356.
“much British influence”: William Cobbett, Porcupine’s Works, 12 (London: Cobbett & Morgan, 1801), p. 143 (reprint of Adams’s letter).
“absolutely out of his”: Benjamin Franklin to Robert R. Livingston, July 22, 1783, Benjamin Franklin: Writings (New York: Library of America, 1987), p. 1065.
“Hamilton had opposed”: John Adams to Benjamin Stoddert, Nov. 16, 1811, AFP, reel 118.
“Mr. Pickering”: John Adams to William Cunningham, Oct. 15, 1808, Correspondence Between the Hon. John Adams and the Late William Cunningham, Esq. (Boston: True and Greene, 1823), p. 40.
“He is a man”: John Adams to William Cunningham, Nov. 7, 1808, ibid., p. 50.
“Pickering could never”: John Adams to Benjamin Stoddert, Nov. 16, 1811, AFP, reel 118.
“considers Col. Pickering”: Oliver Wolcott to Fisher Ames, Dec. 29, 1799, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:315.
“became indecorous” and following: James McHenry to John McHenry, May 20, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:348.
“Hamilton is an intriguer”: James McHenry to John Adams, May 31, 1800, AFP, reel 397 (in his letter, McHenry used the older word intriguant rather than intriguer).
“At times”: James McHenry to John McHenry, May 20, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:347.
“Oh mad!”: Alexander Hamilton to James McHenry, May 23, 1800, LCJM, p. 458.
“I do not feel”: Timothy Pickering to John Adams, May 12, 1800, AFP, reel 397.
“one of the most deliberate”: John Adams to William Cunningham, Oct. 15, 1808, Correspondence Between Adams and Cunningham, p. 39.
“all such documents”: Alexander Hamilton to Timothy Pickering [May 14, 1800], PAH, 24:487.
“I intended”: Timothy Pickering to Alexander Hamilton, May 15, 1800, PAH, 24:490.
“This bill”: Cobbett, Porcupine’s Works, 12:44–45.
“to Major Generals”: John Adams to James McHenry, May 19, 1800, JAW, 9:55.
“amount to treason”: John Adams, “Proclamation,” Mar. 12, 1800, reprinted in Francis Wharton, State Trials of the United States During the Administration of Washington and Adams (Philadelphia: Carey & Hart, 1851), p. 459.
“just” and “the well disposed”: Charles Lee, Oliver Wolcott, and Benjamin Stoddert to John Adams, May 20, 1800, WJA, 9:59.
“The cause of humanity”: Ibid., p. 60.
“I feel a calm”: Timothy Pickering to John Adams, May 10, 1799, PP, 37:418.
“riot”: John Adams to Heads of Department, May 20, 1800, WJA, 9:58.
“The latter party”: Aurora, May 16, 1800, p. 2.
“The miserable policy”: Thomas Pickering to Rufus King, May 7, 1800, LCRK, 3:232.
“The cause of Federalism”: Timothy Pickering to David Humphreys, May 28, 1800, PP, 11:166.
“It is with grief”: Oliver Wolcott to George Cabot, June 16, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:371.
“the greatest possible”: Oliver Wolcott to James McHenry, July 18, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:381.
“An open attack”: Fisher Ames to Chauncey Goodrich, June 12, 1800,
WFA, 2:1357.
“nothing further”: Richard Stockton to Oliver Wolcott, June 27, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:374.
“they are however convinced”: Robert G. Harper to Alexander Hamilton, June 5, 1800, PAH, 24:569.
“If any alteration”: Charles Cotesworth Pinckney to James McHenry, June 19, 1800, LCJM, p. 460.
“Have our party”: James McHenry to Oliver Wolcott, July 22, 1800, LCJM, p. 462.
“I have good reason”: Theodore Sedgwick to Alexander Hamilton, May 13, 1800, PAH, 24:482.
“to form a party”: Charles Cotesworth Pinckney to James McHenry, June 1, 1800, LCJ, p. 460.
“All our friends”: Gouverneur Morris to Rufus King, June 4, 1800, LCRK, 3:251–52.
“Such papers cannot”: Thomas Jefferson to James Thomson Callender, Oct. 6, 1799, in Worthington Chauncey Ford, ed., “Thomas Jefferson and James Thomson Callender,” New England Historical and Genealogical Register, 50 (1896), p. 449.
“The reign of Mr. Adams” and following: James Thomson Callender, The Prospect before Us, 1 (Richmond: Jones, Pleasants & Lyon, 1800), pp. 30, 73, 156, 167.
“all the host”: Abigail Adams to Mary Smith Cranch, May 5, 1800, in NLAA, p. 251.
“Judge Chase”: Aurora, June 3, 1800, p. 2.
“Can any man”: “Trial of James Thomson Callender,” edited transcript in Wharton, State Trials, p. 695.
“irregular and inadmissible”: Ibid., p. 709.
“that the laws”: Albany Register, June 17, 1800, p. 3 (reprinting article from Richmond Examiner, June 6, 1800).
“insolent, inconsistent”: James Thomson Callender, The Prospect before Us, 2, pt. 2 (Richmond: Pace, 1801), pp. 80–81.
“The judge spoke”: Albany Register, June 17, 1800, p. 3 (reprinting article from Richmond Examiner, June 6, 1800).
“Human nature”: Thomas Jefferson to James Monroe, July 15, 1802, reprinted in Wharton, State Trials, p. 720.
“The Fed[eralist]s have split”: Thomas Boylston Adams to Joseph Pitcairn, May 31, 1800, in “Letters of Thomas Boylston Adams to Joseph Pitcairn,” Historical and Philosophical Society of Ohio Quarterly Publication, 12 (1917), p. 36.
CHAPTER SIX: A NEW KIND OF CAMPAIGN
“No stranger can”: Oliver Wolcott to Mrs. Wolcott, July 4, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:378.
“resembling more”: Salem Gazette, Dec. 5, 1800, p. 3.
“Where tribunes rule”: Thomas Moore, in Constance McLaughlin Green, Washington: Village and Capital, 1800–1878 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1962), p. 39.
“Notice.”: Centinel of Liberty, June 3, 1800, p. 3 (reprint of Aurora classified ad).
“I cannot but consider” and following: Oliver Wolcott to Mrs. Wolcott, July 4, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:317.
“If the twelve years”: Abigail Adams to Abigail Adams Smith, Nov. 21, 1800, LMA, 2:242.
“Is gone—what!”: Aurora, June 7, 1800, p. 2.
“Remarkably cheap”: William Shaw to Abigail Adams, June 5, 1800, AFP, reel 398.
“In re-visiting”: Gazette of the United States, June 6, 1800, p. 2.
“Your presence”: Philadelphia Gazette, June 6, 1800, p. 3.
“was received”: Gazette of the United States, June 7, 1800, p. 3.
“the early” and following: Maryland Herald, June 19, 1800, p. 3.
“Every inch”: William Shaw to Abigail Adams, June 5, 1800, AFP, reel 398.
“I have seen many cities”: John Adams to Abigail Adams, June 13, 1800, AFP, reel 398.
“There was not”: Aurora, June 18, 1800, p. 3.
“injustice” and following: Philadelphia Gazette, June 16, 1800, p. 3.
“rousing the spirit”: George Cabot to Oliver Wolcott, July 20, 1800, LLGC, p. 282.
“eminent and long services” and following: Maryland Herald, June 26, 1800, p. 2.
“The very affectionate”: Gazette of the United States, June 18, 1800, p. 3.
“It appears now certain”: Herald of Liberty (Washington, Pennsylvania), June 9, 1800, p. 3.
“have come to an agreement”: Times (Alexandria), June 9, 1800, p. 2; and Federal Gazette (Baltimore), June 7, 1800, p. 2.
“that Mr. Adams”: Maryland Herald, June 19, 1800, p. 2.
“Their silence”: Aurora, July 4, 1800, p. 3.
“in our important”: American Mercury, July 10, 1800, p. 3.
“the prescribed patriots” and following: Constitutional Telegraphe, July 16, 1800, p. 3.
“High Federalists”: George Cabot to Rufus King, July 19, 1800, LCRK, 3:278.
“The great man” and following: Fisher Ames to Rufus King, July 15, 1800, LCRK, 3:276.
“Mr. Adams’ insufferable madness”: Benjamin Goodhue to Oliver Wolcott, July 10, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:379.
“No man ever” and following: John Adams, “To the Inhabitants of the County of Edgecombe, North Carolina,” Aug. 13, 1800, WJA, 9:235.
“the most glorious”: Fisher Ames to Rufus King, Sept. 24, 1800, LCRK, 3:305.
“He everywhere denounces”: Theodore Sedgwick to Rufus King, Sept. 26, 1800, LCRK, 3:308.
“is, by prating”: Fisher Ames to Oliver Wolcott, Aug. 3, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:396.
“Perhaps a party”: Ibid.
“If under the present administration”: Robert Goodloe Harper to Constituents, May 13, 1800, reprinted in Commercial Advertiser, May 15, 1800, p. 2.
“It really appears”: John Jay to Theophilus Parsons, July 1, 1800, CJJ, 4:274.
“The public feeling”: George Cabot to Oliver Wolcott, July 20, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:383.
“great pains”: George Cabot to Oliver Wolcott, Dec. 16, 1799, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:312.
“If General Pinckney”: Oliver Wolcott to George Cabot, June 18, 1800, LLGC, p. 278.
“of the second” and following: Alexander Hamilton to Oliver Wolcott, July 1, 1800, Gibbs Memoirs, 2:376.
“The General”: Abigail Adams to Thomas Boylston Adams, July 12, 1800, AFP, reel 398.
“as complete a politician”: Fisher Ames to Rufus King, Sept. 24, 1800, LCRK, 3:304.
“At no public feast”: Massachusetts Spy, June 25, 1800, p. 3.
“I then asked”: Arthur Fenner [to Christopher Champlin], Dec. 14, 1800, PAH, 24:596.
“I yesterday returned”: Alexander Hamilton to Charles Carroll of Carrollton, July 1, 1800, PAH, 25:1.
“Electioneering topics”: Joseph Hale to Rufus King, July 9, 1800, LCRK, 3:270.
“You know he”: Fisher Ames to Rufus King, July 15, 1800, LCRK, 3:276.
“The Alien and Sedition Acts” and following: Thomas Jefferson to Elbridge Gerry, Jan. 26, 1799, PTJ, 30:649–50.
“I have a letter”: Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, Sept. 17, 1800, PTJ, 32:146.
“Our country is too large”: Thomas Jefferson to Gideon Granger, Aug. 13, 1800, PTJ, 32:96.
“Politics are such a torment”: Thomas Jefferson to Martha Jefferson Randolph, Feb. 11, 1800, FLTJ, p. 184.
“whereby you would”: James Monroe to Thomas Jefferson, May 25, 1800, WJM, 3:179–80.
“Rally round”: Thomas Jefferson to Gideon Granger, Aug. 13, 1800, PTJ, 32:97.
“is intriguing”: Alexander Hamilton to James A. Bayard, Aug. 6, 1800, PAH, 25:58.
“He will have”: Aaron Burr to James Madison, Oct. 9, 1800, PJM, 17:420–21.
“the logic of it”: Milton Lomask, Aaron Burr: The Years from Princeton to Vice President, 1756–1805 (New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1979), p. 260.
“great and imposing”: “An Address to the Voters for Electors,” in Virginia Federalist, May 28, 1800, p. 3 (reprint of circular).
“There is indeed”: “To the Citizens of Virginia,” July 7, 1800, in Virginia Argus, Sept. 12, 1800, p. 1 (reprint of circular).
“I cannot but augur”: Philip N. Nicholas to Thomas Jefferson, Feb. 2, 1800, in Noble E. Cunningham Jr., The Jeffersonian Republicans: The Formation of Political Organization, 1789–1801 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1957), p. 152.
“The spirit of faction”: Alexander Hamilton to Rufus King, Jan. 5, 1800, PAH, 24:168.
“to receive all”: Proceedings of a Meeting, Jan. 23, 1800, in ed. H. W. Flournoy, Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 9 (Richmond: [State Printing], 1890), p. 76.
“We have begun”: Philip N. Nicholas to Thomas Jefferson, Feb. 2, 1800, in Cunningham, Jeffersonian Republicans, p. 153.
“Let the contest be”: “To the Citizens,” p. 1.
“they are deceived”: James Monroe to James Madison, May 15, 1800, PJM, 17:388.
“so industriously”: James Madison to James Monroe, May 23, 1800, PJM, 17:390.
“and give no pretext”: James Monroe to Thomas Jefferson, May 25, 1800, WJM, 3:180.
“force a resistance”: Thomas Jefferson to Charles Pinckney, Oct. 29, 1799, PTJ, 31:226.
CHAPTER SEVEN: FOR GOD AND PARTY
“no man shall”: William Waller Hening, ed., The Statutes at Large: Being a Collection of all the Law of Virginia, 12 (Richmond: Pleasants, 1823), pp. 84–86 (emphasis added). Jefferson’s draft containing these same words is in Thomas Jefferson, Writings (New York: Library of America, 1984), pp. 346–47.
“And the sixth angel” and following quotes from Dwight: Timothy Dwight, “The Duty of Americans at the Present Crisis Illustrated in a Discourse Preached on the Fourth of July, 1798” (New Haven: Green, 1798), pp. 5, 10, 12, 18, 20, 23, and 28.
“Pope of Connecticut”: E.g., American Citizen and General Advertiser, Aug. 26, 1800, p. 3.
“Dr. Dwight”: George Cabot to Alexander Hamilton, Oct. 11, 1800, PAH, 25:149.
“His overheated imagination”: The Bee, July 19, 1799, p. 2.
“My answer was”: Thomas Jefferson to John Adams, Jan. 11, 1817, WTJ (Lipscomb and Bergh), 15:100.
“I am a Christian”: Thomas Jefferson to Benjamin Rush, Apr. 21, 1803, WTJ (Lipscomb and Bergh), 10:380.
“The legitimate powers”: Jefferson, Writings, p. 285 (Notes on the State of Virginia, Query 27).
“Ponder well” and following quotes from Mason: John Mitchell Mason, “Voice of Warning to Christians on the Ensuing Election of A President of the United States” (New York: Hopkins, 1800), pp. 19–20 and 32.
“Let my neighbor” and following quotes from Linn: William Linn, “Serious Considerations on the Election of a President” (New York: Furman, 1800), pp. 19, 20, and 28.
A Magnificent Catastrophe Page 34