Verzat, Jean, Le Comte Regnaud se Saint-Jean-d’Angély, L’éminence gris de l’Empereur (Saint-Jean-d’Angély, 2000).
Viaud, Elie-Jérôme and Fleury, Jean-Th
éodore, Histoire de la Ville et du Port de Rochefort, Tome II (Rochefort, 1845) (Lafi tte Reprints, Marseille, 1977).
Vigé, Elaine et Jimmy, Brouage, Ville d’histoire et Place forte (Saint-Jean-d’Angély, 1989).
Zweyacker, André, Mémoire pour le diplome d’études superieures d’histoire présenté à la Faculté des Lettres de l’Université de Poitiers, unpublished, 1958, Médiatheque municipale François-Mitterand de Saintes, Fonds Ancien et Régional.
Books: National and International
Andress, David, Th
e Terror, Civil War in the French Revolution (London, 2005).
Arasse, Daniel, Th
e Guillotine and the Terror (ET Christopher Miller, London, 1989).
Aston, Nigel, Religion and Revolution in France 1780–1804 (London, 2000).
Blanning, T.C.W. (ed.), Th
e Rise and Fall of the French Revolution (Chicago, 1996).
Blanning, T.C.W., Th
e Culture of Power and the Power of Culture, Old Regime Europe 1660–1789 (Oxford, 2002).
Cadbury, Deborah, Th
e Lost King of France, Th
e Tragic Story of Marie-Antoinette’s Favourite
Son (London, 2002).
Chadwick, Owen, Th
e Secularization of the European Mind in the 19th Century (Cambridge, 1975).
Cobb, Richard, Th
e Police and the People, French Popular Protest 1789–1820 (Oxford, 1970).
Cobb, Richard, Th
e People’s Armies (ET Marianne Elliott, Yale, 1987).
Cobb, Richard and Jones, Colin (eds), Voices of the French Revolution (Topsfi eld, 1988).
Darnton, Robert, Forbidden Best-Sellers of Pre-revolutionary France (London, 1997).
Doyle, William, Th
e Old European Order, 1660–1800 (Oxford, 1978).
Doyle, William, Th
e Oxford History of the French Revolution (Oxford, 1989).
Doyle, William, Origins of the French Revolution, 3rd Edition (Oxford, 1999).
Doyle, William, Jansenism, Catholic Resistance to Authority from the Reformation to the French Revolution (Basingstoke, 2000).
Doyle, William (ed.), Old Regime France (Oxford, 2001).
Ehrman, John, Th
e Younger Pitt, Volume Two: Th
e Reluctant Transition (London, 1983).
Ferro, Marc, Histoire de France (Paris, 2001).
Forrest, Alan, Paris, the Provinces, and the French Revolution (London, 2004).
Furet, François, Revolutionary France 1770–1880 (ET Alison Nevill, Oxford, 1988).
Gabory, Émile, L’Angleterre et La Vendée d’après des documents inédits, Granville, Quiberon, l’île d’Yeu (Paris, 1930).
Bibliography
255
Gildea, Robert, Th
e Past in French History (New Haven and London, 1994).
Hardman, John, Th
e French Revolution, Th
e Fall of the Ancien Régime to the Th
ermidorean
Reaction 1785–1795 (London, 1981).
Hardman, John, Louis XVI (New Haven and London, 1993).
James, William, Th
e Naval History of Great Britain from the Declaration of War by France in 1793 to the Accession of George IV (London, 1837).
Jones, Colin, Th
e Longman Companion to the French Revolution (London, 1988).
Jones, Colin, Th
e Great Nation (London, 2002).
Kerguelen, Y.-J., ancien contr’amiral, Guerres Maritimes de 1778 à 1796. Relation des combats et des Evénements de la guerre maritime de 1778 entre la France et l’Angleterre, mélée de refl exions sur les manoeuvres des généraux précédé d’une adresse aux marins sur la disposition des vaisseaux pou la combat, et terminée par un précis de la guerre présente, des causes de la destruction de la marine, et les moyens de la rétablir (Paris, 1796) ( SHD – Département ‘Marine’, Rochefort).
Lefebvre, Georges, Th
e French Revolution from its Origins to 1793, ET Elizabeth Moss Evan-son (New York, 1962).
Lefebvre, Georges, Th
e French Revolution, Volume II, From 1793 to 1799, ET John Hall Stewart and James Friguglietti (New York, 1964).
Lefebvre, Georges, La Grande Peur de 1789, ET Joan White (New York, 1989).
Lenotre, G., La Maison des Carmes (Paris, 1933), pp. 1–64, Appendix.
Levene, Mark, Th
e Rise of the West and the Coming of Genocide, Volume II, Genocide in the Age of the Nation State (London and New York, 2005), pp. 103–19, 143–61.
Le Roy Ladurie, Emmanuel, Th
e Ancien Régime, A History of France 1610–1774, ET Mark Greengrass (Oxford, 1996).
Lough, John, An Introduction to Eighteenth Century France (London, 1960).
Manceron, Claude, Les Hommes de la Liberté 1774–1797, 10 volumes (Paris, 1987).
Mansel, Philip, Louis XVIII, revised edition (London, 2005).
Moorehead, Caroline, Dancing to the Precipice, Lucie de la Tour du Pin and the French Revolution (London, 2009).
Palmer, R.R., Twelve Who Ruled, Th
e Year of the Terror in the French Revolution, Bicentenary Edition (Princeton, 1989).
Petitfi ls, Jean-Christian, Louis XVI (Paris, 2005).
Popkin, Jeremy D., A Short History of the French Revolution (Englewood Cliff s, NJ, 1995).
Price, Munro, Th
e Fall of the French Monarchy, Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, and the baron de Breteuil (London, 2002).
Rose, J. Holland, Life of Napoleon I, 2 volumes (London, 1910).
Rudé, George, Th
e Crowd in the French Revolution (Oxford, 1959).
Schama, Simon, Citizens, A Chronicle of the French Revolution (London, 1989).
Schom, Alan, Napoleon Bonaparte (New York, 1997).
Schroeder, Paul W., Th
e Transformation of European Politics 1763–1848 (Oxford, 1994).
Scurr, Ruth, Fatal Purity, Robespierre and the French Revolution (London, 2006).
Secher, Reynald, A French Genocide: Th
e Vendée, ET George Holoch (Notre Dame, IN,
2003), fi rst published in French with the title Le Génocide franco-français (Paris, 1986).
Shennan, J.H., Th
e Parlement of Paris, revised 1998 (London, 1968).
256 Th
e Unseen Terror
Starobinski, Jean, Les Emblèmes de la Raison (Paris, 1979).
Sutherland, D.M.G., France 1789–1815, Revolution and Counterrevolution (
London,
1985).
Th
omas, Chantal, Th
e Wicked Queen, ET Julie Rose (New York, 1999).
Tombs, Robert and Tombs, Isabelle, Th
at Sweet Enemy, the French and the British from the
Sun King to the Present (London, 2006).
Troude, O., Batailles Navales de la France, Tomes 2 et 3 (Paris, 1867).
Van Kley, Dale (ed.), Th
e French Idea of Freedom, Th
e Old Regime and the Declaration of
Rights of 1789 (Stanford, 1994).
Vansittart, Peter, Voices of the Revolution (London, 1989).
Walsh, John, ‘Religion, Church and State in Europe and the Americas’, in C.W. Crawley (ed.), Th
e New Cambridge Modern History, Volume 9 ( Cambridge, 1965).
Wassermann, James (ed.) and Birch, Una, Secret Societies: Illuminati, Freemasons and the French Revolution (Lake Worth, 2007).
Index
Note: Th
e page numbers in boldphase refer to illustrations.
A
Barbet, Jean, 89
Abbaye aux Dames, Saintes, 34, 43, 45, 59,
Barbezieux, 26, 32, 145
119, 121, 147, 149, 157�
��159, 165,
Baron, Chevalier Jean-Jacques-Fabian,199
169, 171, 179, 180
Barras, Jean-Nicolas-Paul-François,
Aboukir Bay, 112
Viscount, 187, 225
Active citizens, 39, 70, 194
Bas-Poitou, 82
Adam, Abbé Joseph-Nicolas, 186
Basire, Claude, 225
Admyrault, Louis, 93, 94
Basle, Treaty of, 67
Aiguillon, Armand-Désiré, Duke of, 2
Bastille, 1, 22, 32, 34, 44, 63, 198, 221
Aix, île de, 114, 115, 170, 173, 178, 183
Baudéan, Abbess Marie-Magdaleine de
Aix, Roads of, 112, 113, 173, 178
Parabère de, 149, 158, 162, 163
Alexander I, Tsar, 226
Baudry d’Asson, Gabriel, 71
Allier, Department of, 168, 171
Beauregard, Canon, 131
Alquier, Charles-Jean-Marie, 5, 23, 31,
Belair, place de, 48
69, 220
Belgium, 59, 85
Amelot, Comtesse Michel-Noël, 36
Bells, 47, 144, 159, 161, 162, 188
André, Junius, 105
Béraud, Doctor, 177
Angers, 84, 86, 87
Bernard, André-Antoine de Saintes (de
Angoulême, 5, 28, 34, 147, 184, 204, 205
Jeuzines), 5, 7, 13, 14, 16, 18, 43,
Angoumois, 4, 28, 129
44, 45, 46–54, 55, 56–57, 59, 95,
Annepont, 29, 58, 167
108, 117, 119, 133, 136–137, 139,
Apollon, 80 guns, 101, 102, 103, 112
142, 145–146, 159, 166
Artois, Charles-Philippe, Comte de,
Bertry, Jean, 15, 154
afterwards Charles X, 2, 85,
Bessat, Judge Charles-André, 79, 80
137, 230
Bestier, Réné, 99
Assignat, 3, 46, 100, 109, 156, 163, 169,
Bétrine, Pastor Jean-Paul, 69, 83
177, 180
Bibard, soldat, 14
Atlantic Trade, 69
Bienassis, Jean-Martin, 32
Audiat, Louis, 129
Bilbao, 138
Aunis, 4, 19, 22, 27, 28, 31, 86, 157,
Bishops, 3, 8, 31, 70, 116, 131, 132, 134,
219, 220
138, 139, 140, 141, 146, 149, 150,
Austria, Austrian, 3, 20, 59, 60, 61, 70,
156, 158, 187, 188, 189
77, 85, 112, 116, 117, 156, 209,
Blutel, Charles-Auguste, 67, 94, 95, 108,
213, 223
126, 186
Authon, Baron Normand of, 23, 37, 119,
Bobe-Moreau, Jean, 105
204, 218, 220
Bocage, 87
Boisroche, château de, 35
B
Boivin, Captain, 176
Bailly, Jean-Sylvain, 44, 222
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 4, 8, 69, 81, 87,
Bara, Joseph, 92
102, 108, 112, 115, 152, 154, 157,
257
258 Th
e Unseen Terror
Bonaparte, Napoleon (continued)
Caribbean trade, 5
170, 187, 188, 189, 205, 211, 213,
Carrier, Jean-Baptiste, 53, 88
217, 225
Casey, Daniel, 148, 149
Bonhomme-Richard, 172
Cathelineau, Jacques, 84
Bonnegens, Jean-Joseph de, 31, 220
Catherine II, Tsarina, 85, 156
Bonnet, Phrygian, 7, 14, 15, 35, 210, 223
Catholic and Royal Army of the Vendée,
Bonneuil, Augustine (Laure) 225
82, 91
Bonneuil, Louise de, 225
Catholic Church, 3, 6, 8, 59, 98, 145,
Bonnevin, baron de, 32, 33
155, 189, 209
Bordeaux, 5, 55, 58, 60, 82, 100, 110,
Civil Constitution of the Clergy, 3, 30, 35,
114, 122, 126, 151, 158, 159, 168,
57, 70, 131, 132, 136, 143, 196
170, 178, 180, 182, 186, 204
Concordat, 152, 154, 157, 170, 187, 188,
Bords, 148
189, 205, 211
Borée, 171, 172
Constitutional Priests, 164, 170, 181, 188,
Boscal de Réal de Mornac, Pierre,
202, 211
206, 207
oath to maintain the Civil Constitu-
Boucherit, Jacques, 1st maire of Saint-
tion, 30, 35, 48, 57, 71, 131, 132,
Saturnin de Séchaud, 198
143, 196
Bouchoir, Pierre, 141
Organic Articles, 157, 188, 189
Bouchotte, Jean-Baptiste, 87
refractory priests, 73, 80, 84, 89, 99,
Bouquet, Citizen Jean, 13–19, 17, 32, 60,
100, 110, 114, 126, 134, 138, 157,
92, 154, 187
167, 168, 182, 184, 189, 223
Bourbons, 6, 213, 221
sale of church property, 81, 157
Bourgeois, bourgeoisie, 6, 20, 22, 23, 44,
Cayenne, 110, 168
46, 54, 70, 71, 83, 89, 91, 94, 98,
Cazotte, Captain, 101–102
144, 157, 224
Ceyrat, Joachim, 138
Bourgignan, or Bourignan,
Champlain, Samuel, 118
François-Marie, 45
Chaniers, 46, 56, 124, 151
Bourrilhon, Joseph-Augustin, 30
Channel Islands, 71
Brémond d’Ars, Pierre-Réné-Auguste, 26,
Charente River, 5, 7, 20, 22, 29, 129, 154,
59, 120
157, 167, 168, 173, 176, 179, 180,
Bressuire, 71, 75, 87
193, 202, 203, 212
Brest, 101, 102, 112, 113, 115
Charente-Inférieure ( since 1939,
Breton Club, 221
Charente-Maritime), Department
Brissot, Jacques-Pierre, 116
of, 4, 5, 6, 14, 16, 34, 36, 47, 52,
Brittany, 4, 85, 122
54, 56, 68, 70, 72, 75, 79, 81, 82,
Brouage, 22, 53, 57, 59, 78, 89, 92, 93,
86, 88, 89, 93, 94, 98, 100, 104,
94, 96, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120,
107, 113, 117, 120, 133, 142, 152,
121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 178,
157, 167, 168, 170, 174, 186, 188,
179, 180, 187, 202, 203
200, 218, 221, 227
Bruix, Admiral Eustache, 112, 113, 115
Charleroi, 59
Brumaire, coup d’état de, 213
Charette, François-Athenase, 65, 72, 84,
88, 93, 95
C
Chartres, Bishop of, 2
Calendar, revolutionary, 4, 179
Chasseriaux du Chiron, Benjamin-Henri,
Calvinists, 170, 189
152
Cambon, Pierre-Joseph, 169
Chastaigneraye, Bishop Germain de, 158
Canada, 69, 122
Châtelet, duc de, 2
Carmelites, 69, 138, 140, 147, 159, 165,
Chatillon-sur-Sèvre, 71
173, 181, 183
Chaudruc, baron de, 129
Carra, Jean-Louis, 73, 74, 77, 81, 104, 222
Chauvelin, Bernard-François, marquis de, 85
Index
259
Chauvreau, Jean, 39
Coulanges, 129
Chénié, Louise-Augustine, 225
Coumailleau, Pierre, 195
Chenier du Chesne, François-
Council of State, 226
Xavier-Ambroise, 59
Cozes, 34, 153
Chénier, André, 222
Crassous de Médeuil, Joseph, 102, 104
Cherbourg, 86
Crassous de Médeuil, Joseph-Auguste, 74,
Chevillard, Paul, 109, 171, 172, 173,
75, 82, 95, 105
176,186
Crazannes, 5, 79, 129, 130, 141, 152, 214<
br />
Cholet, battle of, 84, 85, 87
Crubaugh, Anthony, 38
Chouans, chouannerie, 4, 189
Crussol d’Uzès, Bishop François-Joseph
Chouet, Doctor, 199, 212, 213, 215,
Emmanuel de, 23
216, 217
Currency, 109
Chrétien, André, 89, 91, 96, 124
Citoyenne, île de (île Madame), 112, 176
D
Civil Code, 218, 226, 227
Dalbarade, Jean, 98, 101, 122, 168, 169
Civism, certifi cates of Civisme, 7, 18, 19,
Dangibeau, Charles, 54
92, 94, 117, 122, 126, 200, 201,
Danton, Georges-Jacques, 21, 64, 94, 116,
202, 216, 227
138, 140, 182, 221
Clerical dress, 138, 210
Darbelet, Joseph-Honoré, 75, 76, 77, 78,
‘Club’, Th
e Jacobin, 4, 47, 48, 49, 51,
79, 80, 81, 82, 94, 95, 96, 185
52, 62, 63, 65, 67, 69, 82, 95,
Daughters of Wisdom, Congregation of,
136, 137, 139, 151, 154, 162,
124
182, 221
David, Jacques-Louis, 54, 55, 95, 217
Coblenz, 85
David, Jean, 208
Cochet, Mathieu, 212
De-Christianization, 8, 88, 122, 157, 209
Cockade, tricolore, 1, 14, 22, 32, 44, 103
Dechézeaux, Gustave, 52, 104, 105
Cognac, 5, 35, 44, 123
Delaage, Dean of Saintes, 142
Colbert, Jean-Baptiste, 5, 97, 100
Dély, François, 76, 83
Collot d’Herbois, Jean-Marie, 63
Demissy, Samuel, 94, 96
Colonies, 30, 69, 70, 85, 97, 173
Deschamps, Pierre, 151
Commune, Paris, 4, 36, 52, 64, 101,
Desmoulins, Camille, 31, 221
138, 228
Deux-Associés, 170, 172, 173, 174, 176,
Conscripts, 213, 214
177, 178, 180, 185, 186
Constituent Assembly, 3, 23, 34, 37, 38,
Deux-Sèvres, Department of, 71, 73, 75,
94, 135, 156, 204, 218, 221, 222
93, 120
Consulate, 81, 115, 213
Diderot, Denis, 23
Conty, Mlle de, 120
Dijon, 53, 122
Convention, National, 4, 9, 14, 16, 17, 36,
Dionnet (Guionnet) 77, 79, 80
38, 50–54, 62, 64, 66, 67, 71, 73,
Directors, 16, 89, 214, 215, 217
83, 84, 87–88, 90, 94–95, 97, 98,
Directory
99–101, 103, 105, 108, 116, 117,
Departmental, 47, 48, 63, 71, 72, 117,
121, 139, 154, 156, 168–170, 182,
118, 149, 167–169, 193, 215
184, 193, 200, 208, 221, 225, 226
The Unseen Terror Page 37