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One Up on Wall Street: How to Use What You Already Know to Make Money In

Page 31

by Peter Lynch


  inflated price of, 228, 242

  stock chart of, 116–17

  brokerage firms, 16

  legal status of, 279

  using, 32, 184–86, 197, 199

  Brown, Tom, 151–52

  Browne, Harry, 69

  Browning-Ferris, 246

  Brunswick, 266

  Bufferin, 108, 198

  Buffett, Warren, 11, 55, 209

  Berkshire Hathaway and, 89, 155, 157, 208

  exclusive franchises and, 141

  on futures and options, 273

  as greatest investor, 89, 90

  New Bedford textile plant and, 141, 155, 208

  Burlington Northern, 109, 126, 210

  burying the evidence, 63

  buying on margin, 78

  Cabbage Patch dolls, 42

  cable-TV, 126–27

  Cajun Cleansers, 145–46, 148

  Calgon, 124

  Callery, Elizabeth and Peter, 28

  Calmat, 131, 141

  Campbell’s Soup, 192

  Cap Cities, 246

  capitalization, market, 64

  capital spending, 214

  Carnegie Hall, 50

  carpet industry, 151

  cash:

  on annual reports, 194

  flow, 213–15

  positions, of companies, 199–201

  CBS, 155

  CDA Investment Technologies, 136

  CDs, 67, 71

  Channel 5 (Boston), 210

  Charles River Breeding Labs, 142

  Charles Schwab, 25, 26

  charts, stocks, see stock charts

  Chevron, 256

  Chicago Rawhide, 132, 133

  Child World, 153

  Chrysler, Walter, 111

  Chrysler Corporation, 11, 49, 64–65, 109, 136, 193, 241

  back stock buying by, 145, 147

  as cyclical company, 255

  debt of, 203

  stock chart of, 147

  as turnaround company, 122, 123, 203, 231, 255

  Circle K, 54

  Circuit City Stores, 153

  Cisco, 16, 21

  Cities Service, 48

  C. J. Lawrence, 85

  Clear Channel Communications, 26

  Clear Shield, 133

  CNA, 155

  Coastal Corporation, 214–15

  Coca-Cola, 34, 109, 118, 134, 159, 241, 247, 281

  brand name, value of, 142, 209

  hidden assets of, 210–11

  as stalwart company, 112, 115, 162, 163, 176

  Coca-Cola Enterprises, 134, 210–11

  Coleco, 42

  Colgate-Palmolive, 112, 115–16

  Comdial, 159

  companies:

  asset-play, 125–27, 128, 129, 174–75, 209–13, 231, 241, 256–57; see also assets

  biotech, 21

  bonds of, 68, 70, 203

  book value of, 207–9, 210–11

  buying back shares by, 18, 19, 144–45, 153, 157

  cash position of, 194, 197, 199–201, 214–15

  classification of, 110–29

  consumer demand and, 142, 254

  contacting, 186–91, 287

  cyclical, 119–22, 127–29, 175, 207, 225, 228–29, 241, 253–54

  debt of, 194–97, 201–4, 208, 255

  diversification of, 135, 145

  diworseification of, 124, 153–57

  dullness of, 130–32, 160

  earnings as value of, 161–62, 164, 167

  economy and, 110–11, 120–21

  European, 212–13

  exclusive franchises and, 140–41

  fast-growing, 118–19, 127–29, 162–63, 167, 176, 222, 229–30, 241, 243, 254–55

  financial reports of, 194–97; see also annual reports

  fundamental strength of, 108, 220–21

  growth rate of, 110–11, 127–29, 199, 217–19

  headquarters of, 190

  industries and, 110, 111, 118, 119, 139–40

  institutional ownership of, 55, 57, 136, 179, 257

  inventories of, 215–16, 253, 255

  life of, 222–24

  middleman, 160

  names of, 160

  pension plans of, 217

  performances of, 131–33, 138

  representatives of, 191

  restructuring of, 124, 153

  rumors on, 137, 183–84

  size of, 64–65, 109–10

  slow-growing, 111–12, 127–29, 175, 205, 228, 241, 251–52

  spinoffs of, 133–36, 159

  stalwart, 112–18, 128, 176, 205, 228, 241, 243, 252

  summarizing prospects of, 174–75, 229–34

  turnaround, 12, 122–24, 127–29, 153, 159, 175–76, 202, 203–4, 213, 230–31, 241, 255, 260

  unpredictability of, 265

  as users of technology, 142

  value of, 161–62, 164, 167

  see also stocks

  competition, industrial, 139, 176–80

  compounding:

  of earnings, 219

  of interest, 67–68

  Con Ed, 76, 123, 205–6, 265

  Coniston Partners, 279

  Conrock, 131

  Consolidated Edison, 76, 123, 205–6, 265

  Consolidated Foods, 37

  Consolidated Rock, 131

  Consumer Price Index, 70

  Consumer Reports, 107

  Container Corporation, 154

  Contel, 213

  Continental Air, 224–26

  copying industry, 152

  Corn Products Refining, 72

  corporate bonds, 68, 70, 203

  corporations, see companies

  Cosmic R and D, 33

  Cray computer, 49

  Crazy Eddie, 153

  Crown, Cork, and Seal, 131, 160, 190, 267, 268

  back share buying by, 144

  CSX, 210

  Cuban missile crisis, 276

  CVS, 155

  Dairy Queen, 144

  Dart, 133

  Dart & Kraft, 133

  Datapoint, 134

  day traders, 20

  Dean Witter, 158

  debt:

  bank vs. funded, 202–3

  of companies, 194–97, 201–4, 208, 255

  investment in, 67, 70

  tax deductions and, 285

  -to-equity ratio, 202

  deficit, U.S. trade, 284

  Del Haize, 212–13

  Dell Computer, 25, 26

  Delta Airlines, 226

  Denny’s, 178

  depreciation, 214, 215

  deRoetth, Peter, 55, 192, 249

  Digital Equipment, 111, 129

  diluting, 145, 264

  discounting, 100, 171

  disk drive industry, 151, 160

  Disney, 128, 256

  diverse performance, 59–60, 64

  dividends, 18–19, 112, 204–7

  p/e ratio and, 199

  stock price and, 205

  taxing of, 285

  Dollar General, 25, 26

  dot.com stocks, 11

  market capitalization of, 13–14

  p/e ratio and, 12–13

  Dow Chemical, 109, 119, 128, 164, 165

  Dow Jones, 47, 48, 51, 52, 53, 88, 128

  Japanese, 55, 278

  in 1988–89, 288

  in 1970s, 278, 289

  in October 1987, 28, 69

  rise, since 1966, 55

  twentieth-century history of, 71–72

  Doyle’s, 28, 29, 30

  Dravo, 141

  Drexel Burnham Lambert, 280

  Dreyfus, 89, 95, 102, 103, 104, 247

  Dunkin’ Donuts, 33, 64, 66, 163, 281

  investment research on, 36, 40–41, 95, 106

  as multibagger, 35, 58

  DuPont, 109, 212

  earnings:

  compounded, 219

  dot.com stocks and, 13

  future, 172–73, 187

  growth rate and, 199, 217–18

  inventories and, 215
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  punishing, 164–65, 211

  as value of stocks, 161–62, 164–65, 167

  see also price/earnings ratio

  Eastern Airlines, 224

  Eastman Kodak, 61, 96, 108, 152, 231

  Eaton, 61

  economic growth, definition of, 110

  economy of 1988 vs. 1930, 282–83, 288

  Edelman, Asher, 279

  efficient-market hypothesis, 52

  E. F. Hutton, 83

  Eisenhower, Dwight D., 110

  election of 1960, 276

  electric utilities:

  as dividend-payers, 205

  growth of, 111, 119

  Electrolux, 279

  Electronic Data Systems (EDS), 14, 170–71, 172, 242

  Envirodyne, 133, 247

  equity funds, size of, 65

  Esselte Business Systems, 212–13

  Ethyl Corp., 269

  Exxon, 59, 96, 136, 141, 144, 154

  Fairmont Foods, 54

  Fannie Mae, 11

  Federal Express, 159

  Federal Reserve banks, 62, 250

  Federated, 104, 128

  Fidelcor, 288

  Fidelity Capital, 51

  Fidelity Capital Appreciation Fund, 133

  Fidelity Destiny Fund, 137

  Fidelity Magellan, 9, 10, 22

  assets of, 29–30, 53–54

  funds of, 51

  Kaiser Industries shares bought by, 259–60

  1987 profits of, 82

  performance of, 65

  regulations of, 65

  size of, 65

  stocks of, 53–54

  Fidelity Trend, 51

  FIFO, 215–16

  Filmco, 133

  Financial News Network, 13, 279

  First Family, 153

  Fleet-Norstar, 207

  Florida Rock, 141

  Flowers, 249

  Flying Tiger Airlines, 32–33, 50, 98n

  Food Lion Supermarkets, 212–13

  Forbes, 40, 164

  Ford, Gerald R., Jr., 277

  Ford, Harrison, 163, 169

  Ford Credit, 201

  Ford Motors, 61, 109, 159, 193, 211, 220, 255

  cash position of, 200–201

  as cyclical company, 119, 122, 207

  1987 annual report of, 194–97, 200–201

  stock chart of, 120–21

  as turnaround company, 122

  Fortune 500, 64

  Fortune Systems, 89

  franchises, exclusive, 140–41

  Francis Ouimet Caddy Scholarship, 49

  Franklin, 104

  free Internet play, 14–15

  funded debt, 202, 203

  fund managers, work of, 60–63, 183

  funds, see equity funds, size of; index funds; money-market funds; mutual funds; pension funds; switch funds

  Furman Selz, 158

  futures, 270–71, 272

  see also options

  GAF, 266

  Gannett, 138, 141, 246

  Gap, The, 25, 26, 35, 118, 254

  GCA, 202

  GD Ritzys, 159

  General Cinema, 246

  General Dynamics, 141, 203, 253

  General Electric (GE), 18–19, 71, 74, 77, 198, 246, 281

  size and growth of, 109–10

  General Foods, 218

  General Mills, 134, 154, 175

  General Motors, 34, 47, 242, 255

  General Public Utilities, 75, 122, 123–24, 206, 255

  Genesco, 155–56

  GeneSplice International, 131

  Genetech, 159

  Genuine Parts, 246, 281

  Getty, J. Paul, 83

  Gillette, 49, 145, 154, 157

  Gilliam, Maggie, 57–58

  Ginnie Maes, 72–73

  Glaxo, 98

  Goldsmith, Sir James, 257

  Good Guys, 153

  goodwill, 210–11

  Goodyear Tire, 84, 100–101, 124

  Gotaas Larsen, 134

  government bonds, 70

  Government National Mortgage Association, 72–73

  Graduate, The, 119

  Great Depression of 1990 (Batra), 23, 81

  Greece, 54

  Greenman Brothers, 268

  Greyhound, 52

  Griffin, Ben Hill, Jr., 126

  Griffin, Gene, 48

  growth rate, of companies, 110–11, 127–29, 199, 217–19

  G7 conference (1987), 278

  Gulf Oil, 256

  Hafts, 256, 279

  Halliday, Peter, 57

  H & R Block, 75

  Handy and Harman, 209, 215

  Hanes, 37, 107, 198

  Hanson Trust, 279

  Harcourt Brace, 266

  Harley Davidson, 25, 26

  Hartford Courant, 141

  Harvard Law School, 55

  Havalight Photo Cell, 38–39

  Hazeltine, 288

  Health Maintenance Organizations, 264

  Heebner, Ken, 56

  Heine, Max, 56

  Heinz, 62, 75, 246

  Helix Technology, 24

  Henri Bendel, 155

  Hershey’s, 112

  Hertz Rent A Car, 59, 201, 211

  Highland Superstores, 153

  Hilton International, 137, 178, 211

  Hoff, Mrs. Charles, 75–76

  Hoffman, Dustin, 119

  Holiday Inn, 36, 128, 137, 176–79, 254

  Holmes, Susan, 57

  Home Depot, 12, 25, 26, 247, 268

  Home Shopping Network, 149–50

  Honda, 251

  Honeywell, 109

  Hop-In Foods, 54

  houses, as investments, 77–80

  Houston Industries, 75, 112, 113

  Hughes, Howard, 138

  Hughes Aerospace, 201

  Hyman, Ed, 85

  Hyman, Sam, 279

  Iacocca, Lee, 131, 193

  IBM, 59, 64, 66, 111, 131, 152, 153, 160

  1970 antitrust case of, 277

  Icahn, Carl, 64, 257, 279

  Imo Delaval, 134

  Imperial Chemical, 279

  Inco, 128, 140, 247, 253

  index funds, 281

  Individual Retirement Accounts, 285

  Industrial National Bank, 207

  industries:

  companies and, 110, 111, 118, 119

  competition in, 139

  complex vs. simple, 130

  high-growth, 139

  maturity of, 188–89

  negative-growth, 152

  no-growth, 63, 139–40

  inflation, long-term rate of, 70

  initial public offerings (IPOs), of stocks, 159

  Insiders, The, 143

  insider trading, 135, 142–43, 180

  Insilco, 288

  institutional ownership of stocks, information on, 136, 143

  insurance companies, preapproved stock lists of, 60

  Integrated Circuits, 159

  Intel, 15, 21, 25, 26

  Intelogic Trace, 134

  interest, compounded, 67–68

  interest rates, 68, 72–73, 85, 172, 287

  Interlake, 134

  International Dairy Queen, 144

  International Harvester, 145, 230

  International Nickel, 128

  International Shiphold, 134

  International Textbook, 51–52

  Internet, 10–17

  Interstate Department Stores, 124, 133, 248

  Intertan, 134

  inventories, 215–16, 253, 255

  investment:

  amateur vs. professional, 31–32, 35–36

  in bad vs. good markets, 48

  brokerage firms and, 184–86, 197, 199, 249–50

  common knowledge and, 35–40

  common misconceptions of, 258–269

  in debt, 67, 70

  formulas for, 129

  ignorance and, 40, 60–61

  individuality and, 66

  long-term, 19–20

  personal attitude
toward, 45, 81, 237, 267–68

  personal experience and, 95–97, 98, 122, 127, 130

  personal risks of, 80

  preserving capital vs. making profit with, 49

  professional vs. consumer knowledge and, 100–102

  in real estate, 77–80

  research for, 32, 35–41, 42, 74, 106–8, 183–84, 186–97

  rumors and, 250

  skill in, 73–74

  summary evaluation of, 227–33

  when to buy in, 245–47

  when to sell in, 247–49, 251–57

  Investor’s Daily, 143

  Investor’s Intelligence, 81

  IU International, 134

  Jacobs, Irwin, 257

  Jaguar, 251

  John Blair, 134

  John Hancock, 48

  John Harland, 246

  Johns-Manville, 124, 264

  Johnson, Edward C., II, 51

  Johnson, Edward C. (Ned), III, 51, 53, 54, 69

  Johnson, Lyndon B., 277

  Johnson, Mister, 51–52

  Johnson & Johnson, 98, 108

  Johnson Chart Service, 76

  JP Stevens, 188–89

  junk bonds, 280

  Kaiser Industries, 259–60

  Kaufman, Henry, 148

  Kay-Bee Toys, 155

  Kellogg, 34, 75, 118, 207, 228

  Kelso, 279

  Kennedy, John F., 276

  Kenner Parker, 134

  Kentucky Derby, 51

  Kentucky Fried Chicken, 52

  Keynes, John Maynard, 275

  Killeen golf course, 28

  KLM, 107

  K mart, 155, 169, 280

  KMS Industries, 158

  Kohlberg, Kravis, and Roberts, 279

  Kraft, 133, 134, 218

  Kress, 155

  Laclede Gas, 71

  Lance, 249

  Lane Bryant, 223

  La Quinta Motor Inns, 36, 59, 110, 192, 249

  as fast-growing company, 176

  history of, 176–80

  as multibagger, 35

  Lassie Dog Food, 192

  L’eggs, 40, 192

  and Hanes, 107, 198, 229

  history of, 36–38

  Lerner, 223

  leverage, real estate and, 78

  leveraged buyouts, 279–80

  Lewis, Brad, 211

  Lexan plastic, 198, 229

  Liberty Corp., 126

  Liedtke, Hugh, 205

  LIFO, 215–16

  Limited, The, 95, 181, 193, 219, 246

  earnings of, 164

  history of, 38–40, 223

  stock chart of, 168

  Wall Street and, 57–58

  Lions Club, 53

  Lockheed, 123, 201, 230

  Loeb, Gerald, 239

  Loew’s, 155

  London stock market, 29

  Long Island Lighting, 288

  long-term investing, 19–20

  Loomis-Sayles, 56

  Lorillard, 155

  Los Angeles Times, 141

  Louisiana BayouFeedback, 145

  Lowe’s, 25, 26

  LTV, 90, 128

  Ludlow Manufacturing, 48

  Lukens Corp., 207, 266

  Lynch, Carolyn, 11, 27, 36, 37, 52, 56, 98n, 127, 192, 193, 287

  Lynch, Peter:

  caddy experience of, 48

  family stock market advice to, 48, 49

  Fidelity Magellan fund administered by, 9, 10, 22, 53–54

  in U.S. Army, 52–53

 

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