Forensic Psychology
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Forensic Psychology: Crime, Justice, Law Interventions
THIRD EDITION
EDITED BY
GRAHAM M. DAVIES
ANTHONY R. BEECH
This edition first published 2018 by the British Psychological Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Edition History
John Wiley & Sons Ltd (2e, 2012)
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Davies, Graham M., 1943- editor. | Beech, Anthony R., editor.
Title: Forensic psychology : crime, justice, law interventions / edited by Graham M. Davies, Anthony R. Beech.
Description: Third edition. | Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, 2017. | Includes bibliographical references and index. |
Identifiers: LCCN 2017015701 (print) | LCCN 2017025886 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119106661 (pdf) | ISBN 9781119106654 (epub) | ISBN 9781119106678 (pbk.)
Subjects: LCSH: Forensic psychology.
Classification: LCC RA1148 (ebook) | LCC RA1148 .F5565 2017 (print) | DDC 614/.15–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017015701
Cover design: Wiley
Cover image: © Bliznetsov/Gettyimages
The British Psychological Society’s free Research Digest email service rounds up the latest research and relates it to your syllabus in a user-friendly way. To subscribe go to http://www.researchdigest.org.uk or send a blank e-mail to subscribe-rd@lists.bps.org.uk.
We would like to dedicate this Third Edition of our textbook to our families, but also to those who have particularly influenced and supported our work in forensic psychology:
Graham M. Davies: Hadyn Ellis, John Shepherd, Beth Loftus, Gisli Gudjonsson, Ray Bull, and Don Thomson.
Anthony R. Beech: Kevin Creeden, Glyn Humphreys, Richard Laws, William (Bill) Marshall, Adrian Raine, and Tony Ward.
Contents
Contributors
Preface to Third Edition
About the Editors
About the Companion Website
Introduction Forensic Psychology
How to Become a Forensic Psychologist
Professional Organisations for Forensic Psychologists
Structure and Content of This Book
Annotated Reading List
References
Notes
PART 1 The Causes of Crime CHAPTER 1 Psychological Approaches to Understanding Crime 1.1 Introduction
1.2 Psychological Theories
1.3 Theories, Evidence, and Crime
1.4 Mentally Disordered Offenders
1.5 Conclusions
1.6 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
CHAPTER 2 Developmental and Psychological Theories of Offending 2.1 Introduction
2.2 Developmental Theories
2.3 Case Studies From the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development
2.4 Psychological Theories
2.5 The ICAP Theory
2.6 Conclusions
2.7 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
CHAPTER 3 Psychopathy 3.1 Introduction
3.2 Assessment of Psychopathy
3.3 Psychopathy and Aggression
3.4 Correlates of Psychopathy in Adolescents and Children
3.5 Genetic Basis of Psychopathy
3.6 Family Factors Associated with the Development of Psychopathy
3.7 Attachment, Psychopathy and Offending
3.8 Facial Expression Recognition
3.9 Psychopathy and Aversive Conditioning
3.10 Neurochemistry of Psychopathy
3.11 Conclusions
3.12 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
CHAPTER 4 Understanding Risk Factors for Offending: the Contributions of Neuroscience 4.1 Introduction
4.2 The Development of the Brain
4.3 The Social Brain
4.4 Risk Factors for Offending
4.5 Modifying Environmental Risk Factors
4.6 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
CHAPTER 5 Effects of Interpersonal Crime on Victims 5.1 Introduction
/> 5.2 Childhood Victimisation
5.3 Adulthood Victimisation
5.4 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
PART 2 Investigating Crime CHAPTER 6 Eyewitness Evidence 6.1 Introduction
6.2 The Memory Process
6.3 Estimator vs. System Variables
6.4 Encoding Factors
6.5 Storage Factors
6.6 Retrieval Factors
6.7 Conclusions
6.8 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
CHAPTER 7 Interviewing Witnesses 7.1 Introduction
7.2 Shortcomings and Consequences of Traditional Investigative Interviews
7.3 The Cognitive Interview (CI)
7.4 Interviewing Vulnerable Witnesses
7.5 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
CHAPTER 8 Interviewing Suspects 8.1 Introduction
8.2 What Officers are Advised to Do
8.3 What Officers Do
8.4 What Officers Should and Should Not Do
8.5 Conclusions
8.6 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
Note
CHAPTER 9 Detecting Deception 9.1 Introduction
9.2 Theoretical Approaches to Deception
9.3 Objective Cues to Deception
9.4 Lie-Catchers’ Performance
9.5 Detecting Deception from Verbal Content
9.6 Computer-Based Linguistic Analysis
9.7 Psycho-Physiological Detection of Deception
9.8 Strategic Interviewing in Order to Elicit and Enhance Cues to Deception
9.9 New Directions in Deception Detection Research
9.10 Training to Detect Deception
9.11 Conclusions
9.12 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
CHAPTER 10 Offender Profiling and Crime Linkage 10.1 Introduction
10.2 Crime Linkage
10.3 Offender Profiling
10.4 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
Notes
CHAPTER 11 Interpersonal Violence and Stalking 11.1 Introduction
11.2 Definitions and Terminology
11.3 Lifetime and 12-Month Prevalence Rates of Intimate Partner Violence and Stalking
11.4 Risk Factors and Theories
11.5 Subtypes of Perpetrators
11.6 Implications for Practice: Risk Assessment
11.7 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
CHAPTER 12 Terrorism 12.1 Introduction
12.2 What are Terrorists, and What is Terrorism?
12.3 The Psychology of Terrorism
12.4 Becoming, Remaining, Disengaging
12.5 Radicalisation
12.6 Progression into Terrorist Activities: Autobiographical and Biographical Accounts
12.7 Disengagement
12.8 Suicide Terrorism and Political Suicide
12.9 Assessment of Dangerousness
12.10 Summary
Notes
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
PART 3 the Trial Process CHAPTER 13 Judicial Processes 13.1 Introduction
13.2 Understanding the Justice System
13.3 Evidence in Court
13.4 Judges as Decision-Makers
13.5 Juries as Decision-Makers
13.6 Conclusions
13.7 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
CHAPTER 14 Safeguarding Vulnerable Witnesses 14.1 Introduction
14.2 Witnesses’ Fears and Perceptions About Going to Court
14.3 Preparing Witnesses for Court: Preparation and Social Support in Theory and Practice
14.4 Protecting Witnesses at Court Through Special Measures
14.5 Still Unmet Needs
14.6 Conclusions
14.7 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
Notes
CHAPTER 15 Identifying Perpetrators 15.1 Introduction
15.2 The Problem of Mistaken Identification
15.3 Eyewitness Identification and Human Memory
15.4 Design Requirements of Identification Procedures
15.5 Estimator Variables
15.6 System Variables
15.7 Malleability of Witness Confidence
15.8 Official Guidance
15.9 Identification from CCTV
15.10 Conclusions
15.11 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
Notes
CHAPTER 16 the Role of the Expert Witness 16.1 Introduction
16.2 Taking Instruction
16.3 Expert in Content and Process
16.4 Evidence on Clinical Factors
16.5 Standard of Proof
16.6 Providing an Expert Opinion
16.7 Giving Oral Evidence at Court
16.8 Conclusions
16.9 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
Notes
PART 4 Dealing with Offenders CHAPTER 17 Crime and Punishment: What Works? 17.1 Introduction
17.2 The Sentence of the Court
17.3 The Objectives of Sentencing
17.4 The Impact of Sentencing
17.5 Reducing Offending Behaviour
17.6 Psychological Contributions to Offender Assessment and Management
17.7 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
Notes
CHAPTER 18 Risk Assessment and General Offender Behaviour Programme Delivery 18.1 Introduction
18.2 Risk Assessment within Offender Management
18.3 Methods of Assessing Risk
18.4 Risk and Need Instruments for Offenders
18.5 Treatment Delivery
18.6 General Offending Behaviour Programmes
18.7 Evaluation of General Offending Behaviour Programmes
18.8 Issues Related to Offending Behaviour Programmes
18.9 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
CHAPTER 19 Treating Dangerous Offenders 19.1 Introduction
19.2 Types of Dangerous Offenders Typically Treated in A Criminal Justice Setting
19.3 Treatment Frameworks
19.4 The Evidence Base for the Treatment of Dangerous Offenders
19.5 Considerations in Working with Dangerous Offenders
19.6 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
Note
CHAPTER 20 Interventions with Female Offenders 20.1 Introduction
20.2 Antisocial Behaviour in Adolescent Females
20.3 Adult Female Offenders
20.4 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
Notes
CHAPTER 21 Interventions for Offenders with Intellectual Disabilities 21.1 Introduction
21.2 The Prevalence of ID in Offender Populations
21.3 ID as a Risk Factor for Offending
21.4 Assessment of Offenders with ID
21.5 Interventions with Offenders with ID
21.6 Autism Spectrum
Disorders and Crime
21.7 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
CHAPTER 22 Interventions with Mentally Disordered Offenders 22.1 Introduction
22.2 History of Forensic Mental Health Services
22.3 Types of Mental Illness/Forensic Behaviours Seen in Forensic Mental Health Services
22.4 Legislation Pertaining to Mentally Disordered Offenders
22.5 The Role of the Psychologist in Forensic Mental Health Settings
22.6 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
Note
CHAPTER 23 the Rehabilitation of Offenders: Good Lives and Risk Reduction 23.1 Introduction
23.2 What is the Nature of Offender Rehabilitation?
23.3 What are the Features of Effective Offender Rehabilitation?
23.4 Desistance from Crime
23.5 The Risk-Need-Responsivity Model of Offender Rehabilitation
23.6 Limitations of the Risk- Need-Responsivity Model
23.7 The Good Lives Model
23.8 Summary
Essay/Discussion Questions
Annotated Reading List
References
Glossary
Index
EULA
List of Tables
Chapter 1 Table 1.1
Chapter 3 Table 3.1
Table 3.2
Chapter 5 Table 5.1
Table 5.2
Table 5.3
Table 5.4
Table 5.5
Table 5.6
Table 5.7
Table 5.8
Chapter 7 Table 7.1
Chapter 10 Table 10.1
Table 10.2
Chapter 11 Table 11.1