The Kennedy Heirs: John, Caroline, and the New Generation
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Volumes: American Values by Robert F. Kennedy Jr.; Symptoms of Withdrawal by Christopher Kennedy Lawford; Moments of Clarity by Christopher Kennedy Lawford; Fully Alive by Timothy Shriver; A Good Man by Mark K. Shriver; The Whole Ten Yards by Frank Gifford and Harry Waters.
The “Brain Trust” meeting was described to me by a source present who asked to not be named.
Television: “Kennedy Tragedy on the Slopes,” The Geraldo Rivera Show, January 8, 1998; “The Deadly Games the Kennedys Play,” The Geraldo Rivera Show, June 18, 1998.
Throughout, I also drew from the text of Robert F. Kennedy Jr.’s eulogy of his brother Michael Kennedy, 1997.
MICHAEL SKAKEL
Interviews: Noelle Bombardier; Leah Mason; Mickey Sherman (March 11, 2005); James Skakel (1994); Benedict F. Fitzgerald Jr. (April 11, 2004, March 30, 2014); Stephen Styles-Cooper; Randy Beattie (October 17, 2017).
Articles: “Michael Skakel Renounces Kennedys” by Neil Vigdor, Stamford Advocate, April 25, 2013; “Michael Skakel Was Convicted of Murdering Martha Moxley, So Why Is He Free?” by Leonard Levitt, The Daily Beast, April 22, 2017; “Opinion: Little Doubt That Michael Skakel Was Wrongly Convicted in the Martha Moxley Case” by David R. Cameron, New Haven Register, January 1, 2017; “Kennedy Cousin Michael Skakel Seeks to Suppress Audiotape in Upcoming Murder Retrial Where He Says He Pleasured Himself Outside Victim’s Window the Night She Died,” Associated Press, July 23, 2014; “It’s All in the Family” by Richard Lacayo, Time, July 26, 1999.
Volumes: Dead Man Talking (an unpublished manuscript by Michael Skakel); Framed: Why Michael Skakel Spent over a Decade in Prison for a Murder He Didn’t Commit by Robert F. Kennedy Jr.; The Mysterious Murder of Martha Moxley: Did the Political and Financial Power of the Kennedy/Skakel Families Trump the Truth? by Joe Bruno; Murder in Greenwich: Who Killed Martha Moxley? by Mark Fuhrman; Justice: Crimes, Trials, and Punishments by Dominick Dunne; “Dead Man Talking: A Kennedy Cousin Comes Clean” by Michael Skakel and Richard Hoffman (unpublished book proposal).
Correspondence: Robert F. Kennedy “Impact Letter,” August 8, 2002.
Note: For more on this topic, go to www.marthamoxley.com.
ENA BERNARD
Interviews: Josefina “Fina” Harvin; Noelle Bombardier; Leah Mason; Christopher Lawford.
Articles: “A Kennedy Nanny, 100, Has Tales to Tell” by Georgia East, Los Angeles Times, December 29, 2008; “Ethel Kennedy Clan Attends Sunrise Funeral of Beloved Nanny Ena ‘Mimi’ Bernard” by Susannah Bryan, Sun Sentinel, August 8, 2013.
Volumes: American Values by Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
KIRK LEMOYNE “LEM” BILLINGS
Interviews: Allan Burke (March 10, 2018, March 11, 2018, April 5, 2018); Ben Bradlee; Andy Williams.
Volumes: Jack and Lem: John F. Kennedy and Lem Billings: The Untold Story of an Extraordinary Friendship by David Pitts; Symptoms of Withdrawal by Christopher Kennedy Lawford; American Values by Robert F. Kennedy Jr.; The Kennedys: An American Drama by Peter Collier and David Horowitz; The Kennedys: America’s Emerald Kings: A Five-Generation History of the Ultimate Irish-Catholic Family by Thomas Maier.
Kirk LeMoyne Billings’s Oral Histories: From the JFK Library: March 25, 1964, June 19, 1964, June 24, 1964, July 7, 1964, July 22, 1964, January 15, 1965, February 20, 1965, June 11, 1965, June 18, 1965, January 9, 1966.
ROBERT F. KENNEDY JR., EMILY BLACK KENNEDY, AND MARY RICHARDSON KENNEDY
Interviews: Josefina “Fina” Harvin; Andy Williams; Sister Pauline Joseph; Joseph Gargan; Joseph Fricke; Bob Galland (January 4, 2000); Allan Burke; Marjorie Dougherty (January 2, 2018, March 3, 2018, April 11, 2018); Alyssa Chapman (May 1, 2018); Noelle Bombardier; Christopher Lawford; Victoria Michaelis (September 27, 2017).
Articles: “Alcoholism Runs in Kennedy Clan, Son of RFK Tells Interviewers,” Associated Press, October 17, 1997; “RFK’s Sex Diary: His Secret Journal of Affairs,” by Isabel Vincent and Melissa Klein, New York Post, September 8, 2013; “RFK, Jr.’s Diaries Reveal Intense Family Drama after JFK Jr. Death,” by Josh Duboff, Vanity Fair, November 4, 2013; “Robert Kennedy Jr.’s Sex Diary Sounds like a Real Bodice-Ripper” by Juggalo Law, Above the Law, September 9, 2013; “Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Diary Talks ‘Lust Demons,’ Slams Al Sharpton, Jesse Jackson: Reports” by Paige Lavender, Huffington Post, September 9, 2013; “The Last Days of Mary Kennedy” by Laurence Leamer, Newsweek, June 11, 2012; “Mary and Robert F. Kennedy Jr.’s Tragic Marriage Detailed” by Matt Pearce, Los Angeles Times, June 10, 2012; “Mary Richardson Kennedy, Wife of RFK Jr., Found Dead in New York,” by Tina Susman, Los Angeles Times, May 16, 2012; “Autopsy: Mary R. Kennedy Died of Asphyxiation from Hanging” by Michael Muskal, Los Angeles Times, May 17, 2012; “Ode to My Best Friend—Mary Richardson Kennedy” by Kerry Kennedy, Huffington Post, May 22, 2012; “Autopsy of RFK Jr.’s Wife Finds Antidepressants but No Alcohol” by Lily Kuo, Reuters, July 7, 2012; “Mary Richardson Kennedy, Stepmonster?” by Wednesday Martin, Psychology Today, June 13, 2012.
Volumes: American Values by Robert F. Kennedy Jr.; The Riverkeepers: Two Activists Fight to Reclaim Our Environment as a Basic Human Right by John Cronin and Robert F. Kennedy Jr.; Jack and Lem by David Pitts; Ethel: The Story of Mrs. Robert F. Kennedy by David Lester; The Kennedy Women: The Saga of an American Family by Laurence Leamer.
Television: “Kerry Kennedy Press Conference Relating to Mary Richardson Kennedy’s Death,” YouTube; “Mary Kennedy’s Family Blasts Stories on Her Death,” CNN, May 18, 2012; “Kerry Kennedy Acquitted in DWI Trial,” CNN, February 28, 2014.
DAVID KENNEDY
Interviews: Noelle Bombardier; Leah Mason; James Skakel.
Articles: “Ethel Kennedy Today” by Adele Whitely Fletcher, Lady’s Circle, September 1969; “David Kennedy—1955–1984” by Peter Carlson, People, May 14, 1984.
Volumes: American Values by Robert F. Kennedy Jr.; Bobby Kennedy: The Making of a Liberal Icon by Larry Tye; Symptoms of Withdrawal by Christopher Kennedy Lawford; The Kennedys: An American Drama by Peter Collier and David Horowitz; Behind Blue Eyes: The Biography of David Anthony Kennedy by Grahame Robert Bedford; The Senator by Richard Burke; RFK by Dick Schaap; Ethel by Lester David; Robert Kennedy and His Times by Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
KATHLEEN KENNEDY TOWNSEND AND DAVID TOWNSEND
Interviews: Kathleen Kennedy Townsend (after “The Kennedy Women,” seminar at the John Fitzgerald Kennedy Library and Museum, October 1996; dressing room, Oprah Winfrey Show taping, November 1997); Noelle Bombardier; Leah Mason; Jamie Auchincloss, Josefina “Fina” Harvin; James Skakel; David Burke (2000).
Articles: “The Daughter Also Rises” by Daniel LeDuc, The Washington Post, November 28, 1999; “Watching as a Race She Can’t Lose Slips Away” by Johanna Neuman, Los Angeles Times, September 1, 2002; “Kennedy Townsend Enters Race for Governor,” Times Wire Reports, Los Angeles Times, May 6, 2002; “Robert Kennedy’s Eldest Child to Run for Office,” United Press International, Los Angeles Times, January 27, 1986; “Daughter of RFK Opens House Campaign,” United Press International, Los Angeles Times, May 30, 1986; “Kathleen Kennedy Townsend: Just Like Her Father?” by Sally B. Donnelly, Time, August 2, 1999.
Documentary: Ethel.
Video: “The Young Kennedys: Interview with Joseph Kennedy II, Max Kennedy, Christopher Kennedy, Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, and Kerry Kennedy Cuomo,” The Oprah Winfrey Show. (As part of my research for my book Jackie, Ethel, Joan, I attended this taping in November 1997 in Chicago, where I had the opportunity to meet Christopher Lawford, Bobby Kennedy Jr., and Kathleen Kennedy Townsend. Some of their quotes in this book are from that show, and also from questions I was able to ask them after the taping); “Kennedys of the Third Generation,” 60 Minutes, October 19, 1997.
JOSEPH KENNEDY II, SHEILA RAUCH KENNEDY, AND ANNE ELIZABETH “BETH” KELLY KENNEDY
Interviews: Sheila Rauch Kennedy (June 1998); Barbara Gibson (October 1, 1998, October 10, 1998, November 10, 1998, December 15, 1998, March 10, 1999, April 15, 1999, January 4, 200
0); Ben Bradlee, Pamela Kelley Burkley (August 24, 2017); Josefina “Fina” Harvin; Noelle Bombardier; Senator John Tunney (1998); Amy Thompson-Huttel (August 25, 2017, October 3, 2017).
As indicated in the text, the meetings between the Kennedys relating to Sheila Rauch’s book were described to me by sources who were present for them and who asked for anonymity.
Articles: “Political Progeny Makes Tracks to Follow in Famous Footsteps,” Associated Press, Los Angeles Times, November 6, 1986; “A Kennedy Faces the Fallout from a Scandal” by Sara Rimer, The New York Times, July 10, 1997; “Another Kennedy Accident Victim Remains a Friend” by Cynthia McCormick, Cape Cod Times, July 25, 1999 (updated January 4, 2011).
Volumes: Shattered Faith: A Woman’s Struggle to Stop the Catholic Church from Annulling Her Marriage by Sheila Rauch Kennedy; Robert Kennedy and His Times by Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.; A Thousand Days: John F. Kennedy in the White House by Arthur M. Schlesinger.
KERRY KENNEDY AND ANDREW CUOMO
Interviews: Helen Thomas (September 25, 1998), Alyssa Chapman; David Axelrod (2012).
I interviewed a number of people presently associated with Governor Andrew Cuomo for purposes of deep background only since they felt unauthorized to speak about their experiences with him.
Articles: “The Making of Andrew Cuomo” by Jonathan Mahler, The New York Times Magazine, August 11, 2010; “Andrew Cuomo and Kerry Kennedy,” People, June 25, 1990; “Kennedy-Cuomo Union Appears to Be Ending” by Jennifer Steinhauer, The New York Times, July 1, 2003; “How Andrew Cuomo Gets His Way” by Jeffrey Toobin, The New Yorker, February 16, 2015; “The Cuomo Daughters’ Key Dual Role” by Erica Orden, The Wall Street Journal, August 7, 2010.
Volumes: All Things Possible: Setbacks and Success in Politics and Life by Andrew M. Cuomo; Crossroads: The Future of American Politics by Andrew Cuomo; The Contender: Andrew Cuomo, a Biography by Michael Shnayerson.
CAROLINE KENNEDY, ED SCHLOSSBERG, AND FAMILY
Interviews: Matthew Johnston (April 11, 2017); Letitia Baldrige (2005); Benedict F. Fitzgerald Jr.; Marta Sgubin (October 22, 1998); Gustavo Paredes; Ariel Paredes; John Perry Barlow; Stephen Styles-Cooper; Joan Braden (1998); Lisa McClintock (2011); Olga Price (September 3, 2010); Adora Rule (April 1, 2015, May 1, 2016, August 1, 2016); Eleanor Doyle (1998); Rebecca Abelman (January 5, 2018, March 2, 2018, April 4, 2018); Sister Pauline Joseph (March 1, 2010, March 2, 2018); David Axelrod (2012); Dun Gifford; Oleg Cassini (June 5, 1998, March 5, 2004); Clint Hill (January 4, 1998, March 5, 2010, June 4, 2010, April 3, 2011); Jack Walsh (March 9, 1998); Joseph Paolella (September 11, 1998, September 17, 1998); Virginia Guest Valentine (July 22, 2016); Winthrop Rutherfurd III (October 14, 2016, November 19, 2016); Delores Goodwin (June 5, 2016, July 10, 2016, August 8, 2016); Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan (January 11, 1998); Nancy Tuckerman (March 10, 2007); Mona Latham (May 4, 2009, April 3, 2010, January 11, 2011); Margaret Kearney (March 11, 1998); Marie-Hélène de Rothschild (May 15, 2016); Kiki Feroudi Moutsatsos (July 12, 2016); Jonathan Tapper (April 25, 2016, April 27, 2016, May 3, 2016); Michael Dupree (September 27, 2016, January 3, 2017); Lenny Holtzman (February 1, 2018, March 6, 2018); Richard Bradley (June 5, 2010, September 14, 2017, October 1, 2017); Christopher Lawford.
As well as the above, I interviewed a number of people presently associated with Caroline Kennedy Schlossberg for purposes of deep background only since they felt unauthorized to speak about their experiences with her. I also drew from my extensive research for my article “Caroline Kennedy,” Star, November 15, 1999, and my two-part series “Caroline Kennedy” for Woman’s Day, March 2000.
Articles: “Caroline in the Spotlight” by William Wright, Ladies’ Home Journal, August 2001; “Love and Loss” by Ellen O’Hara, Ladies’ Home Journal, August 1994; “Caroline Kennedy: You Just Keep Going” by Elizabeth Kastor, Good Housekeeping, October 2001; “Caroline Kennedy Schlossberg: Champion of Civility” by Romesh Ratnesar, Time, August 2, 1999; “A Kennedy Romance” by David Van Biema, People, March 17, 1986; “A President Like My Father” by Caroline Kennedy, The New York Times, January 27, 2008; “Kennedys for Clinton” by Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, Robert F. Kennedy Jr., and Kerry Kennedy, Los Angeles Times, January 29, 2008; “Younger Kennedys Continue Service to the Country” by Robin Abcarian, Los Angeles Times, August 27, 2009; “Caroline Kennedy Busts on New York Times Reporter in Interview” Fox News, December 28, 2008; “Transcript of the Caroline Kennedy Interview,” The New York Times, December 27, 2008; “Daddy Didn’t Want His Little Girl to Be a Kennedy” by Harriman Janus, Photoplay, May 1969.
Details of the meeting of Kennedys relating to the pros and cons of Caroline’s run for the Senate were relayed to me by an anonymous source.
Volumes: Symptoms of Addiction by Christopher Kennedy Lawford; Kennedy Weddings: A Family Album by Jay Mulvaney; The Kennedys by Peter Collier and David Horowitz; First Ladies: The Saga of Presidents’ Wives and Their Power, 1961–1990 by Carl Sferrazza Anthony; Just Enough Rope: An Intimate Memoir by Joan Braden; Death of a President: November 20–November 25, 1963 by William Manchester; As We Remember Her: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis in the Words of Her Family and Friends by Carl Sferrazza Anthony; Jackie, Ethel, Joan by J. Randy Taraborrelli; After Camelot by J. Randy Taraborrelli; Jackie, Janet & Lee by J. Randy Taraborrelli.
I also utilized my research for “Caroline Kennedy,” an Entertainment Tonight report that I produced, November 22, 2000.
Oral Histories: Janet Auchincloss/JFK Library, September 5, 1964, September 6, 1964; Letitia Baldrige/JFK Library; Luella Hennessey/JFK Library; Maud Shaw/JFK Library; Charles Bartlett/JFK Library; Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis/LBJ Library, 1974, as well as the newly released oral histories for the JFK Library in 2011; Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy/Herbert Hoover Library Foundation; Dun Gifford/RFK Oral History Project; Roswell Gilpatric/JFK Library; Frank Mankiewicz/RFK Oral History Project; Nancy Tuckerman/JFK Library; Kenneth O’Donnell/LBJ Library; Pierre Salinger/RFK Oral History Project; George Smathers/U.S. Senate Historical Office; Charles Spalding/JFK Library.
Television: “Meet Marta: The Nanny Who Cared for the Kennedys” by Max Barbakow and Cristina Costantini, ABC News, March 12, 2013; Clint Hill interview with C-Span, May 2012.
MARIA SHRIVER, ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER, AND THE SHRIVER FAMILY
Interviews: Eunice Kennedy Shriver (April 2002); Sargent Shriver (April 2002); Mark Shriver (April 2002); Timothy Shriver (April 2002); Maria Shriver (2002); Arnold Schwarzenegger (1994, 1999, 2002, 2003); Randy Beattie (October 16, 2017); Janet Charlton (October 30, 2017); Jamie Auchincloss; Leah Mason; Hugh Sidey; Landon Parvin (October 9, 2017); Lenny Holtzman.
I also drew from informal conversations I had with Maria Shriver in April 1994—during a period of time when we were working on a segment about Michael Jackson for Dateline NBC—for this and other sections of the book.
Regarding my interview with Eunice Kennedy Shriver: it took place in the spring of 2002 for an article I was writing at the time on the Special Olympics for Redbook. I drew from that interview for this part and other sections of this book.
I also met Sargent Shriver at that time and drew from my conversation with him in this section of the book, as well as in others. I have always had a lot of admiration for Mr. Shriver, and I hope that much is clear in my writings about him. “I have a story about pretty much everything, don’t I?” he asked me. And that he did. (I also referenced the Sargent Shriver files from the LBJ Library for this section of The Kennedy Heirs.)
The Roman Catholic priest referenced in the chapter “Faith. Not Hope. Faith.” asked not to be identified by name.
Articles: “Mildred Baena, the Housekeeper Who Had a Child with Arnold Schwarzenegger Speaks Out for the First Time,” Hello!, June 14, 2011; “Mark Shriver Talks About His Family, the Kennedys, and Writing About His Dad’s Decline” by Lloyd Grove, Daily Beast, June 7, 2012; “Oprah Talks to Maria Shriver,” O: The Oprah Magazine, June 2008; “Mr. and Mrs. California” by Marie Brenner, Vanity Fair, May 18, 2011; “
Arnold in Office” by Connie Bruck, The New Yorker, June 28, 2004; “Women Say Schwarzenegger Groped, Humiliated Them” by Gary Cohn, Carla Hall, and Robert W. Welkos, Los Angeles Times, October 2, 2003; “Schwarzenegger Fathered a Child with Longtime Member of Household Staff” by Mark Z. Barabak and Victoria Kim, Los Angeles Times, May 17, 2011; “Schwarzenegger Plans Inquiry into Groping Allegations” by Nancy Vogel, Peter Nicholas, and Henry Weinstein, Los Angeles Times, November 7, 2003; “Schwarzenegger Whispers Become an Admission” by Adam Nagourney and Jennifer Steinhauer, The New York Times, May 17, 2011.
Volumes: The Kennedy Family and the Story of Mental Retardation by Edward Shorter; Total Recall: My Unbelievably True Life Story by Arnold Schwarzenegger; Fantastic: The Life of Arnold Schwarzenegger by Laurence Leamer; And One More Thing Before You Go … by Maria Shriver; I’ve Been Thinking…: Reflections, Prayers, and Meditations for a Meaningful Life by Maria Shriver; What’s Heaven? by Maria Shriver; Ten Things I Wish I’d Known—Before I Went Out into the Real World … by Maria Shriver; Just Who Will You Be? by Maria Shriver; The Shriver Report: A Study by Maria Shriver and the Center for American Progress (various reports); Fully Alive by Timothy Shriver; A Good Man by Mark K. Shriver; Sarge: The Life and Times of Sargent Shriver by Scott Stossel; Point of the Lance by Sargent Shriver.
Oral History: From the Edward M. Kennedy Institute: Robert Shriver III and Maria Shriver, January 29, 2019.