prâtibha. See understanding
pratibimba. See reflection
pratimîlana, 275
pratipatti. See absorption
pratiprasava. See involution
pratisarga. See involution
Pratishtha-Lakshana-Sâra-Samuccaya, 264
pratîtya-samutpâda, 160, 170
Pratyâbhijna-Hridaya, 267
Pratyâbhijna Shaivism, 265, 267-268
Pratyâbhijna-Sûtra, 267
pratyâhâra. See sense-restraint
pratyak-cetanâ, 219
pratyaya-nirodha, 252
pratyayas, 251, 252
pravritti. See action
Prayâga, 331
prayer, 104, 105, 141, 169, 297, 319, 333, 334, 431n. 10
Pre-Classical Age. See Epic Age
Pre-Classical Sâmkhya, 197–198
Pre-Classical Yoga, 63, 119–209; orientation of, 198–199. See also Bhagavad-Gîtâ; Buddhism; Dharma-Shâstras; Jainism; Mahâbhârata; Moksha-Dharma; Upanishads, early; Vedânta; Vedas
prema, 356
Pre-Vedic Age, 62
pride, 32, 146, 230, 376
priestly estate. See brâhmana estate
Prithivî, 101
Prithu, King, 120
procurement body, 144
Prometheus, 435n. 61
props (concentration loci), 331, 402, 416–417, 420
prosperity, 114, 115
prostitutes, sacred, 120
prostration, 37, 152, 283
protection, 53, 172, 206, 344, 345, 385
Proto-Yoga, 93, 96, 98, 101–114, 115–116, 121, 125, 134
Proverbs, 32
psyche. See jîva
psychic powers. See siddhis
psychocosmograms, 239, 240–241
psychology, xxvi, xxvii, xxix-xxx, 239, 400. See also schizophrenia; subconscious; unconscious
pûjana, 148, 152, 458
Pûjyapâda, 389
punya. See merit
purâna, defined, 296
Purânas, 295–301; arranger of, 123, 186, 234, 296; Bhakti-Yoga and, 298; body and, 299, 442n. 2; on concentration, 297, 298, 300; on Consciousness, 298; date of, 62, 64, 65, 258, 296; Dattâtreya and, 22–23; on deities, 299; described, 64, 258, 295–301, 458; divine name and, 335; on ecstasy (samâdhi), 298, 370; on eightfold path, 298, 299; on God, 299; Itihâsas and, 295, 296; Jaina, 142; on Kalki, 86; legends in, 295; levels of practice and, 299; Mahâ-Purânas, 296; on Manu, 208; source reading from, 300–301; Tantra and, 64, 298, 299, 347; Upa-Purânas, 296, 299; Vedas and, 264, 295, 296, 300, 435n. 66; Yoga in, 295–301. See also specific Purânas
Purâna-Samhitâ, 296
Puranic Age, 64
Pure Differentiated, 243, 244
Pure Land Buddhism, 173–174
purification: yur-Veda and, 81, 82; dhauti, 81, 391, 397; of elements, 357–358; fire and, 209, 410; Gheranda-Samhitâ on, 390–392, 423; Goraksha-Paddhati on, 410; Hatha-Yoga and, 390–392; Hatha- Yoga-Pradîpikâ on, 392, 423; Jainism and, 143–151; kapâla-bhâti, 392; lauli (nauli), 392; Mantra-Yoga and, 53; Moksha-Dharma on, 203; of nâdîs, 397, 410; neti, 391–392; for prânâyâma, 390–392, 397; Sat-Karma-Samgraha on, 81, 392; shat-karmans and, 368, 391–392, 397; Shiva and, 84; Tantras on, 342, 376; techniques of, 390–392; trâtaka, 392; Upanishads on, 323; vasti (basti), 391; wisdom and, 203; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 306
purity: cakras and, 414; diet and, 246; fire and, 184; Gîtâs on, 247, 284, 285; Jainism and, 147, 150, 152; Kamalâtmikâ and, 345; meditation and, 246; of mind, 34, 246, 285; as niyama, 224, 225, 246, 301; Purânas on, 297, 298, 301; Self and, 246; Sîtâ and, 184–185; Tantras on, 375, 376; Yoga-Bhâshya on, 246; Yoga-Sûtra on, 245, 225, 246. See also cleanliness
Pûmânanda, 53
pûrna-yoga. See integralism; Integral Yoga
purusha: Classical Sâmkhya and, 31, 75–77, 144, 198, 240, 254; Classical Yoga and, 241; Classical Yoga and (see Yoga-Sûtra, on Self); defined, 458; gunas and, 201; Pre-Classical Yoga and, 198, 199, 200–204; Upanishads and (see Self [transcendental], Upanishads on). See also Absolute (brahman); atman; awareness/Awareness; Self (transcendental); Spirit
purusha-artha, 207
purusha-medha, 120, 262
purusha-sûkta. See “Hymn of Man”
purusha-uttama, 297
Pûrva-Mîmâmsâ, 6, 72, 73–74, 77, 235
Pûrvas, 141, 142
pûrva-sevâ, 148
Pûshan, 110, 111
Pushpabhûti, King, 261
Pythagoras, 92, 130
Q
quantum physics, xxvii, xxix, 17, 75, 348, 350, 381–382
R
Râdhâ, 281, 287–288, 291, 344
Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli, 73, 437n. 9
radiance-spaces. See âkâshas (vyomans)
râga. See attachment; desire
Râghavânanda, 234, 236
Rags, 335
Rahasyas, 347
râja-danta, 414, 420. See also ghantikâ
Râja-Mârtanda, 235, 247
Râjanaka Kshemarâja, 267
Râja-Prashnîya-Sûtra, 141
rajas (female secretion), 29, 407–408, 421, 424
rajas (guna): asceticism and, 247; yur- Veda and, 81; defined, 75, 370, 432n. 18; Gîtâ on, 247; Goraksha-Paddhati on, 404, 413; liberation and, 222, 223; Moksha- Dharma on, 200–204, 438n. 23; sattva and tamas and, 45, 223, 432n. 23; Vedas on, 434n. 36. See also gunas
Râja-Yoga, 27, 28–29, 30, 265, 329, 399, 400, 423. See also Classical Yoga
Râkinî, 353
Ram, Swami, 348
ram (mantra), 353
Râma, 85, 86, 183, 184–185, 279, 287, 291, 292, 293, 360, 437n. 2. See also Râmâyana
Râmabhadra Dîkshita, 236
Râmacandra, 303
Râma-Carita-Mânasa, 293
Râmadâsa, 291
Râma-Gîtâ, 185–186, 279
Ramakrishna, Sri, xvii, 399
Râmalingar, 384
Râmânanda, 292, 293
Râmânanda Yati, 236
Râmânuja, 41, 74–75, 288–289, 292, 437n. 9
Râma-Pûrva-Tapanîya-Upanishad, 183, 185, 437n. 2
Râma- Uttara- Tapanîya- Upanishad, 183, 185, 437n. 2
Râmâyana, 62, 63, 86, 128, 142, 183, 184–186, 291, 293
Râm Dâs, 333, 334, 337
Râmî, 291, 344
Ram Tirtha, 303
rapture, 325
rasa, 289–290, 367, 414, 458
râsa-lîlâ, 281, 283
Rasa-Paddhati, 390
Rasa-Ratna-kâra, 389
rasâyana. See alchemy
Ratan Haji, Baba, 388
rationality. See reason
ratis. See kleshas
Ratna-Tîkâ, 260
Raurava, 265
Râvana, 184, 287
Ravindra, Ravi, 213
Reality: nanda-Samuccaya on, 422; asceticism and, 341; bliss and, xxvi; body and, 382, 390, 399; Buddha as, 168; Buddhism and, 157, 160–161, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 175, 176, 177, 178, 181, 346; cakras and, 355; Chinnamastâ and, 345; defined, xxv-xxvi; deities and, 83; ego vs., xvii; fragmentation of, 6; Goraksha- Paddhati on, 401, 403, 412, 417, 418, 419–420; guru and, 18, 430n. 29; Hatha- Yoga and, 422; Hindu philosophy and, 72; initiation and, 18, 19; Integral Yoga and, 58; Jainism and, 147, 148; Jnâna-Sâra on, 147; knowledge of, 422; liberation and, xvii, xxvi, 5, 260, 417, 419–420; light and, 320; mantras and, 358; models of, xxviii-xxix; nature of, 4; om and, 130, 172; Pâshupatas and, 260; Purânas on, 301; Râma as, 185; renunciation and, 68, 69; rishis and, 101, 105; Sâmkhya and, 75, 76; seeking and, 95; Self and, 126, 127, 133, 418; Shaivism and, 267, 270, 271, 272, 273–275, 276, 349; Shiva-Sûtra on, 267, 270, 271, 272, 273–275; sun and, 320; Tantra and, xxix, 175, 176, 177, 178, 181, 343, 366, 370, 371, 372, 373, 378; Târaka- Yoga and, 320; Upanishads on, 126, 127, 133, 159, 311, 320, 322, 323, 324, 325, 329; Vedânta and, 4, 74, 429n. 1; Vedas on, 435n. 63; verticalism and, xxix; wisdom and, 147; World Pillar and, 116; yantras and,
364; Yoga definition and, 3–6; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 306, 307. See also nirvâna; Self (transcendental); Spirit; Truth
realization. See liberation (enlightenment); sâdhanâ; siddhis
reason, xxx, 31, 32, 72, 93, 240, 265, 268, 289
recitation: of Divine name, 335; Gîtâ on, 283; Goraksha-Paddhati on, 405; initiation and, 52; Kabîr and, 292; of mantras, 358–359; Mantra-Yoga and, 53; Purânas on, 298; rishis and, 105; Shiva-Sûtra on, 274; Sikhism and, 335, 337; svâdhyâya and, 247; Tantras on, 372; Upanishads on, 206
recollection. See memory
rectitude. See ârjava
reflection: bhûmis and, 431n. 9; Buddhism and, 169, 175; ecstasy (samâdhi) and, 218, 220, 252, 253; Jainism and, 150; Moksha-Dharma on, 199, 200, 205; Upanishads on, 206, 313, 314, 315, 440n. 8; Yoga-Sûtra on, 218, 220; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 310
Reich, Wilhelm, 249, 351
reincarnation: Buddhism and, 126, 159–161, 173, 180, 181; described, 49, 126, 129; initiation and, 17; Jainism and, 144, 153; liberation and, 126, 273; scriptures on, 124, 126, 129, 133, 135, 137, 321, 323, 324, 327, 403; Tantra and, 180, 181
rejuvenation, 67, 79, 81
religion, 72, 83–88, 100, 101, 187
remembrance, 37, 334, 335, 337
remote viewing, 78, 228
Renfrew, Colin, 96
renunciation, 67–72; abandonment and, 68; Absolute and, 134; action and, 48, 68, 189; asceticism and, 65, 70; attachment and, 68, 70; avadhûtas and, 21; brahmins and, 70; Carpata-Shataka on, 422; chastity and, 71; contentment and, 247; defined, 68, 318; desire and, 70; diet and, 71; discernment and, 130; discouraging, 69, 70; ego and, 67, 68; external vs. internal, 304; forest dwellers and, 69, 70, 71; Gîtâs on, 68, 189, 282–283; Goraksha-Paddhati on, 406; greedlessness and, 245; integralism and, 69; Jainism and, 139, 140–141, 146, 150; Karma-Yoga and, 48, 50, 68; liberation and, 70, 71, 130, 341; Mahâbhârata on, 70; mantras and, 71; Mantra-Yoga and, 53; Pâshupâtas and, 259–260; Râma and, 185; Reality and, 68, 69; Sâmkhya and, 75, 240; sexuality and, 71; Shiva and, 84; social obligations and, 63; stages of life and, 69; Tantras on, 378–379; Upanishads on, 63, 70, 127, 134, 318, 324, 328; verticalism and, 56–57, 68–69; wandering renouncers, 70, 71; will vs., 30; Yoga and, 67; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 304, 307–308. See also asceticism (tapas); samnyâsa
repression, 258–259
restraints. See niyamas
resurrection, 387, 389
retas, 29, 120, 366, 381, 407, 415, 421, 424
revelation: Jaina, 142, 150; Vedic, 63, 72, 74, 128, 130, 459; Yoga as, 214, 401
reversal principle, 9, 17, 366, 374. See also dvandvas; nirvâna, samsâra equals
Rig-Veda, 101–114; Agastya and, 82; ranyakas and, 125; Aryan invasion theory and, 96–97, 99; on Being, 102; on bhakti, 39; Brâhmanas and, 124; on caste system, 60; cosmogony of, 112; date of, 61, 62, 96–97; described, 6, 105; on ecstasy (samâdhi), 104; on faith, 37; gâyatrî- mantra and, 130; Hindu philosophy and, 72; honey doctrine and, 131; hymns of, 60, 66, 101, 102–104, 105, 106–114; on Indra, 103, 106–109, 110, 111; on Manu, 208; on marmans, 80; on medicine, 78; on meditation, 104; nondualism and, 258; Proto- Yoga of, 96, 101–114; reincarnation and karma and, 126; Rishabha in, 140; rishis and, 102; on Shiva, 40, 83; on soma, 52; source reading from, 106–114; spirituality and, 100, 104–105, 112; on tapas, 66; Vedic civilization and, 61, 100; Vishnu in, 40, 84, 86, 185, 279; yoga term in, 6
Rig-Vidhâna, 66, 433n. 8
Rishabha, 140, 435n. 2
rishis: bhakti and, 192; described, 101–102, 104–106, 434n. 31, 434n. 41, 458; human sacrifice and, 262; installing, 358; metaphor and, 83; reincarnation and, 126; Vâc and, 52. See also Vedas
rita, 101
ritam-bhara, 221
ritual: ranyakas on, 125; Bhakti-Yoga and, 37; Brâhmanas on, 39, 63, 124–125, 435n. 1; brahmins and, 39, 126; Buddhism and, 174–175, 346, 384; chod and, 178; fertility, 100–101, 120; of Five M’s, 262, 348, 364–365, 373–374, 378; initiation and, 17; interiorization of, 124–125, 139; Jainism and, 139; Kâpâlikas and, 261, 262; Lingâyatas and, 263; Mantra-Yoga and, 54; mudrâs and, 359–360; Pâshupâtas and, 260; Purânas on, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300–301; Samhitâs on, 280; Self and, 196; Siddha tradition and, 384; siddhis and, 367; Smritis on, 422; Tantra and, 342, 343, 346, 357–366, 372, 373, 378–379; Upanishads on, 63, 125, 133, 183; Vedic, 66, 101–105, 120, 124, 434n. 41. See also chanting; fire ritual; Five M’s; maithunâ; sacrifice
Romaharshana, 296
root gurus, 206
root lock. See mûla-bandha
rope trick, 325
royal tooth, 414, 420
Rudra, 84, 101, 115, 120, 133–134, 206, 260, 313, 353, 409, 415
Rudraka Râmaputra, 156
rudra-sâyujya, 260
Rukmani, T. S., 235, 236
rûpa. See form
S
sabîja-samâdhi, 220
sac-cid-ânanda. See Being-Consciousness- Bliss
sacrifice: of animals, 101, 128, 262, 283, 379, 418; Brâhmanas on, 125, 435n. 1; brahmins and, 39–40, 126; discipleship and, 14, 17; Gîtâs on, 189, 286; Goraksha-Paddhati on, 418; grace and, 344; human, 120, 262; interiorization of, 4, 63, 124–125, 139, 319; Jainism and, 139; Karma-Yoga and, 48; libation, 418; Mantra-Yoga and, 53; meditation vs., 418; Purânas on, 297, 298, 300; Self and, 196; self as, 131; soma and, 87, 103, 124; Tantras on, 372, 377; tapas and, 66; transcendence and, 131; Upanishads on, 63, 128, 132, 133, 319; Vedic ritual and, 66, 101–105, 115, 120, 124, 434n. 41; Vrâtyas and, 121. See also fire ritual; ritual
sad-âcâra, 148
Sadânanda, 33
Sadâ-Shiva, 133, 267, 319, 349, 366, 372, 373, 390, 416, 421
Sadâshiva Brahmendra, 443n. 44
Sadâshiva Indra, 236
Sad-Dharma-Pundarîka-Sutra, 163
sad-gurus, 11, 458
sâdhakas, 8, 458
sâdhana, 8, 12, 33, 343, 357, 458
Sadhus: India’s Mystic Holy Men, 259
sad-vidyâ, 267, 349
sahaja: defined, 336, 346, 458. See also spontaneity
sahaja-samâdhi, xxvi, 11, 20–21, 23, 275, 355, 370, 372, 458
Sahajayâna Buddhism (Sahajîyâ), 21, 57, 69, 172–173, 175, 291, 346, 384
Sahaja-Yoga, 105
sahajolî, 424
Sahasra, 265
Sahasra-Nâma, 53
sahasrâra-cakra, 133, 249, 355, 358, 414, 417, 420, 421. See also brahmic fissure; crown of head
sahita-kumbhaka, 397
saints, 4, 19–20, 276–278, 290–293, 384, 388. See also specific saints sâkshât-karana, 227
Sakyapas, 178, 179
saliva, 414
sâlokya-mukti, 282
sama-darshana, 245
samâdhâna. See collectedness
samâdhi. See ecstasy (samâdhi)
Samâdhi-Shataka, 389
samâdhi tanks, 250
samâdhi-yoga, 28
samâna, 124, 229, 300, 316, 351, 404
Samantabhadra, 178
Samantabhadrî, 178
sâmânya, 11
Sâmânya-Vedânta-Upanishads, 127
samâpatti, 252, 253. See also ecstasy (samâdhi)
samarasa, 408, 419. See also balance
samatâ: with Reality, 412. See also indifference
samatva. See equanimity
samâvaya, 77
Samavâya-Anga, 142
Sâma-Veda, 51, 62, 124, 125, 130, 334, 435n. 66
Samaya-Sâra, 142
sâmâyika. See equanimity
Sambandhar, 276, 277, 278. See also Kaundinya
sambhâra, 170
sambhoga-kâya, 168
Samhitâs, 8, 61, 62, 123, 125, 128, 258, 279–280, 342, 347, 423–424, 440n. 1. See also specific Samhitâs
sâmîpya-mukti, 282
samjnâ. See perception
samkalpa. See conceptualization; volition
Sâmkhya, 75–77; atheism of Classical, 60, 198, 240; yur-Veda and, 79; Buddhism and, 198; commentaries on, 235, 236; des
cribed, 63, 72, 75–77, 135, 198, 240–241; Gîtâs and, 31, 282; Hariharânanda and, 236; Hinduism and, 6, 60; Jainism and, 144; Jnâna-Yoga and, 31; Moksha-Dharma and, 197–198; Patanjali and, 240; Pre-Classical, 197–198; Self and, 31, 75–77, 144, 198, 240, 254; twenty-four principles of, 76; Upanishads and, 198; Vedas and, 103, 115–116; Yoga and, 75, 187, 198, 240–241
Sâmkhya-Kârikâ, 64, 75–77, 79, 240
Sâmkhya-Sûtra, 75
Samkriti, 331, 424
samma. See terms beginning with samyag
samnidhâpanî-mudrâ, 361
samnirodhanî-mudrâ, 361
samnyâsa, 7, 21, 48, 67-68, 70, 125, 127, 459. See also renunciation
Samnyâsa-Upanishads, 70, 127, 442n. 9
samnyâsa-yoga, 28
samprajnâta-samâdhi, 218, 221, 252, 253–254
samsâra, 129, 170, 328, 418, 459. See also nirvâna, samsâra equals
samskâra-nirodha, 252
samskâras: Buddhism and, 160, 171; defined, 55, 241, 242, 459; ecstasy (samâdhi) and, 218, 220, 221, 252, 254; nirodha and, 217–221, 226, 252; subconscious and, 242; Yoga-Sûtra on, 218, 220, 221, 222, 226, 227, 231, 241, 242, 248. See also vâsanâs
samtosha. See contentment
Samudragupta, King, 128
samvâhya, 275
samvara, 145
samyag-âjîva, 161
samyag-drishti, 146, 149, 161
samyag-vâca, 161
samyag-vyayama, 161
samyak-karmantâ, 161
samyak-samâdhi, 162
samyak-samkalpa, 161
samyak-smriti, 161
samyama, 226, 252, 275
samyoga. See union
Samyutta-Nikâya, 158
sanâtana-dharma, 12
sancâra. See transmission
sandha-bhâshâ, 366
sanga. See attachment
Sangharakshita, Bhikshu, 158
sanketas, 424
Sannella, Lee, 356-357
Sanskrit alphabet, 18, 266, 269, 274, 358, 359
Sansonese, Joe Nigro, xxix
sapta-dvâra doctrine, 313
Sarahapâda, 172–173, 175, 346, 436–437n. 19
Sarasvatî, 73–74, 101, 102, 360
Sarasvatî River, 62, 96–97, 98, 101, 123. See also Indus-Sarasvatî civilization
Sârdha-Trishati-Kâlottara, 265
sarga. See creation
sârishti-mukti, 282
sârûpya-mukti, 282
sarva-anga-âsana. See âsanas
sarva-anga-âsana, 366, 395, 413, 424
Sarva-Darshana-Samgraha, 236
Sarva-Jnâna-Uttara-Tantra, 342
sarvam brahma asti, 311
sat, 419, 459. See also Being
The Yoga Tradition Page 101