The World of the Crusades

by Christopher Tyerman

  Ambrose of Milan (i)

  Andrew II, king of Hungary (i), (ii)

  Antioch (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv)

  principality of (i), (ii) et seq, (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  Apocalypse (i), (ii)

  Aquinas, Thomas (i), (ii)

  Aristotle (i)

  Armenia/Armenians (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi)

  Arnaud Aimery, abbot of Cîteaux (i)

  Arqah (i)

  Arsuf, battle of 1191 (i), (ii)

  Asakir, Ali ibn, scholar (i)

  Ascalon (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  battle of 1099 (i), (ii)

  Athlit/Château Pèlerin (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Atsiz, Turcoman commander (i)

  Augustine of Hippo (i)

  Ayyubids, rulers in Syria and Egypt (i)

  Bacon, Francis, Advertisement Touching an Holy Warre (i)

  Bacon, Roger, scholar (i)

  Badr al-Jamali, Egyptian vizier (i)

  Bahram, Egyptian vizier (i)

  Baibars, sultan of Egypt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Baldwin I of Boulogne, king of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi)

  Baldwin II, king of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Baldwin III, king of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii)

  Baldwin IV, king of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Baldwin V, king of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii)

  Baldwin IX, count of Flanders, Latin emperor of Constantinople (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Baldwin, archbishop of Canterbury (i), (ii), (iii)

  Baldwin of Marasch, Armenian links with (i)

  Balian, lord of Ibelin (i)

  Barac, Syrian doctor (i)

  Barbastro (i)

  Basel (i)

  Bayezid I, Ottoman sultan (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Bayezid II, Ottoman sultan (i)

  Becket, Thomas, as patron of crusaders (i), (ii)

  Order of St Thomas of Acre (i)

  Beirut (i), (ii), (iii)

  Ibelin castle at (i), (ii)

  Belvoir, castle (i), (ii), (iii)

  Benedict XII, pope (i), (ii)

  Bernard, abbot of Clairvaux (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  De consideratione (i)

  De laude novae militia (i), (ii)

  Bernard of Lippe, ex-soldier, Cistercian entrepreneur (i)

  Berthold, missionary bishop (i)

  Bertrand, count of Tripoli (i)

  Bessarion, John, cardinal (i), (ii), (iii)

  Bethlehem, Church of the Nativity in (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Béziers, sack of 1209 (i)

  Bohemund I of Taranto, prince of Antioch (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii)

  Bohemund II, prince of Antioch (i)

  Bohemund III, prince of Antioch (i)

  Bohemund IV, prince of Antioch, count of Tripoli (i)

  Bohemund VI, prince of Antioch, count of Tripoli (i)

  Bongars, Jacques, diplomat and editor (i)

  Boniface I, marquis of Montferrat (i)

  Boniface VIII, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Boucicaut, Jean le Meingre, Marshal (i), (ii), (iii)

  Brezhnev, Leonid, Russian leader (i)

  Bunel, Hugh, murderer (i)

  Burchard of Mt Sion, Order of Preachers, pilgrim and writer (i), (ii)

  Burzey, wife of the lord of, and relations with Saladin (i)

  Bush, George W., president of the USA (i)

  Byzantium, eastern Roman empire (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv)

  Caesarea, walls of (i)

  Cahen, Claude, historian (i)

  Calixtus II, pope (i), (ii)

  Calixtus III, pope (i), (ii), (iii)

  Canute VI, king of Denmark (i)

  Carcassonne, siege of 1209 (i)

  castles (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Caxton, William (i), (ii)

  Celestine III, pope (Cardinal Hyacinth) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Ceuta, capture of 1415 (i)

  Charlemagne, king of the Franks, emperor (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Charles V, emperor, king of Spain (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Charles V, king of France (i), (ii)

  Charles, count of Anjou, king of Sicily (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Charles of Denmark, count of Flanders (i)

  Charles the Rash, duke of Burgundy (i)

  Châteaubriand, François-René de, writer (i), (ii)

  Christburg, treaty of 1249 (i)

  Christine de Pisan (i)

  church union, Latin/Greek see union of Latin and Greek churches

  Cicero (i)

  Cistercians, Order of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Clement III, anti-pope (Guibert, archbishop of Ravenna) (i)

  Clement III, pope (i), (ii)

  Clement IV, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Clement V, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Clement VI, pope (i), (ii)

  clerical misdirection (i), (ii)

  Clermont, council and decrees of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Cluny, abbey (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  coins (i), (ii), (iii)

  Columbus, Christopher (i), (ii), (iii)

  Conrad III, king of Germany (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  Conrad IV, king of Germany, I of Jerusalem (i), (ii)

  Conrad, constable of Henry IV of Germany (i)

  Conrad of Montferrat, king of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Conradin (Conrad II), king of Jerusalem (i), (ii)

  Constance, council of (i)

  Constantine XI, Byzantine emperor (i), (ii)

  Constantine Bodin, Serb leader (i)

  Constantinople (i)

  fall of 1204 (i), (ii), (iii)

  fall of 1453 (i), (ii), (iii)

  Latin empire of (i)

  walls of (i), (ii)

  Courson, Robert, preacher (i), (ii)

  Crac des Chevaliers, castle (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Crete (i)

  Crimean War (i)

  cross (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii)

  colours of (i), (ii), (iii)

  ‘True Cross’, Jerusalem fragment of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Crusaders

  baggage of (i)

  booty and (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  cannibalism of (i)

  casualty rates (i)

  departure of (i)

  food and drink of (i), (ii)

  medicine and (i)

  payment of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  wills of (i)

  Crusades

  of 1101 (i), (ii), (iii)

  in Africa (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Albigensian (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  to Alexandria 1365 (i), (ii)

  against Alfonso IX, king of León (i), (ii)

  of Amadeus of Savoy (i)

  and America (i), (ii)

  against Aragon (i)

  art and (i), (ii)

  and the Atlantic (i), (ii), (iii)

  in the Baltic (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv)

  Barons’ 1239–41 (i), (ii), (iii)

  Belgrade 1456 (i), (ii)

  of Bohemund 1107–8 (i), (ii), (iii)

  against Bosnians (i), (ii)

  against Bulgars (i)

  Burgundy and (i)

  Children’s (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  against Christians (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  colonialism and (i), (ii), (iii
), (iv), (v)

  communal arrangements on (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  confraternities of (i), (ii)

  criticism of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi),

  against Damascus 1129 (i)

  decline of (i)

  definition of (i)

  delegated authority for (i), (ii)

  Denmark and (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  of Bishop Despenser (i), (ii)

  in England (i), (ii)

  the Enlightenment and (i)

  and fascism (i), (ii), (iii)

  Fifth (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi)

  Finland and (i)

  First (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix)

  and First World War (i)

  Fourth (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii)

  of Frederick II 1228–9 (i), (ii), (iii)

  German, 1195–8 (i), (ii)

  against German peasants (i), (ii)

  against Greeks (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  historiography of (i), (ii)

  Hospitaller 1309 (i)

  of Humbert, dauphin of Vienne 1345–7 (i), (ii)

  in Hungary 1514 (i), (ii), (iii)

  against Hussites (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Iberian (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  indulgences/remission of sins for (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii)

  sale of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  in Italy (i)

  language of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Louis IX’s 1248–54 (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  medievalism and (i)

  memory and (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  modern Arab and Muslim interpretations of (i)

  motives for (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi)

  as myth (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  and nation (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Nicopolis 1396 (i), (ii)

  ordinances for (i), (ii), (iii)

  origins of (i)

  of Pius II 1464 (i), (ii)

  planning/strategy for (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii)

  printing and (i), (ii), (iii)

  privileges for (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Protestants and (i)

  racism and (i)

  range of (i), (ii), (iii)

  recruitment for (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii)

  relics and (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  theft of (i)

  Romanticism and (i)

  Russia and (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Second (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  manuscripts of (i)

  sermons/preaching for (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii)

  Shepherds’ (1251; 1320) (i), (ii), (iii)

  sociology of (i), (ii)

  Sweden/Swedes and (i)

  taxes for (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv)

  theatricals and (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Third (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Tunis 1270 (i), (ii), (iii)

  1390 (i), (ii)

  1535 (i), (ii)

  of Varna 1444 (i)

  Venetian 1122–5 (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  visions and (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  visual propaganda for (i)

  vows for (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  redemptions of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  against Waldensians (i)

  without papal authorisation (i)

  women and (i), (ii), (iii)

  cultural exchange/political cooperation/contact/alliances (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv)

  Cyprus (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)

  Daimbert, archbishop of Pisa (i), (ii), (iii)

  Damascus, as target for crusade (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Damietta (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Dandolo, Enrico, doge of Venice (i)

  Danishmends, Turkish nomads (i), (ii), (iii)

  Dannebrog, the (i), (ii)

  Dartmouth (i), (ii), (iii)

  De expugnatione Lyxbonensi (i)

  Diaz, Rodrigo, El Cid (i), (ii)

  Dobrin (Dobryzin), Order of (i), (ii), (iii)

  Dominicans, Order of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Doré, Gustave, illustrator (i), (ii)

  Dorylaeum, battle of 1097 (i), (ii), (iii)

  battle of 1147 (i)

  Duqaq of Damascus (i), (ii)

  Edessa (i), (ii), (iii) et seq, (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  Edmund Crouchback, earl of Lancaster (i), (ii)

  Edward I, king of England (i), (ii), (iii)

  Edward II, king of England (i)

  Edward III, king of England (i)

  Egypt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi)

  Eleanor of Aquitaine, queen of France and England (i), (ii)

  Elizabeth I, queen of England (i)

  Spanish Armada against (i)

  Emich, count of Flonheim (i), (ii)

  Engelbert of Tournai, crusader (i)

  Erard of Valery, Levant veteran (i), (ii)

  Erasmus, Desiderius (i)

  Erdmann, Carl, historian (i)

  Eric I, king of Denmark (i), (ii)

  Estonia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Eugenius III, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Quantum praedecessores (i), (ii), (iii)

  Eugenius IV, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Eustace III, count of Boulogne (i)

  Fatimids, rulers of Egypt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi)

  Ferdinand II, king of Aragon (i), (ii)

  Fernando III, king of Castile (i), (ii)

  Fibonacci (Leonardo Bonacci) (i)

  Field of Blood, battle of (1119) (i), (ii)

  Finland (i)

  fleets (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi) et seq, (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx)

  Florence, council of (i), (ii), (iii)

  Foxe, John, martyrologist (i)

  Francis I, king of France (i), (ii), (iii)

  Francis of Assisi (i)

  Franciscans, Order of (i), (ii), (iii)

  Franco, Francisco, Spanish dictator (i)

  frangopouloi (i), (ii), (iii)

  Frederick I Barbarossa, king of Germany, emperor (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  Frederick II of Germany and Sicily (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Frederick, duke of Swabia (i), (ii)

  Fulk III Nerra, count of Anjou (i)

  Fulk V, count of Anjou, king of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  Fulk of Neuilly, preacher (i), (ii)

  Fuller, Thomas, Historie of the Holy Warre (i), (ii)

  Gelmirez, Diego, archbishop of Compostella (i)

  Genghis Khan, Mongol leader (i)

  Genoa/Genoese (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx)

  Gerald of Wales, writer (i)

>   Gerard, early Hospitaller (i)

  Gibbon, Edward, historian (i), (ii)

  Glanvill, Hervey of (i)

  Glanvill, Rannulf (i)

  Godfrey of Bouillon, duke of Lower Lorraine (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Godfrey of St Omer, Templar (i)

  gossip (i)

  Gottschalk, leader of First Crusade contingent (i)

  Gouffier of Lastours, crusader (i), (ii)

  Granada (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Gratian of Bologna’s Decretum (i), (ii)

  Greece, Latin (i)

  Gregory VII, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Gregory VIII, pope (i), (ii)

  Audita tremendi (i), (ii), (iii)

  Gregory IX, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Gregory X, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Gregory XIII, pope (i)

  Guibert of Nogent, writer (i)

  Guy of Lusignan, king of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Guy of Vigevano, physician and designer of war machines (i)

  Hadrian IV, pope (i)

  Hakim, al-, Egyptian caliph (i), (ii)

  Hamdan ibn Abd al-Rahmin (i)

  Hardouin Desredatus, chef (i)

  Hartwig II, archbishop of Bremen (i)

  Hastings, battle of (i), (ii)

  Hattin, battle of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Hebron, Tombs of the Patriarchs at (i), (ii)

  Henry I, king of England (i)

  Henry II, count of Champagne, ruler of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Henry II, king of Cyprus, I of Jerusalem (i)

  Henry II, king of England (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Henry III, king of England (i), (ii)

  Henry IV, king of Germany, emperor (i), (ii), (iii)

  Henry V, king of England (i), (ii)

  Henry VI, king of Germany, emperor (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Henry VIII, king of England (i), (ii)

  Henry the Lion, duke of Saxony (i)

  Henry of Livonia, chronicler (i)

  Henry of Marcy, cardinal of Albano (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Henry of Segusio (Hostiensis) (i), (ii)

  Henry, the Young King, son of Henry II of England (i), (ii)

  Heraclius, Byzantine emperor (i), (ii)

  Heraclius, patriarch of Jerusalem (i), (ii)

  heresy (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Herluin, interpreter (i)

  Hermann of Salza, Master of Teutonic Knights (i)

  Hersende, laywoman physician (i)

  Hohenstaufen, family of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Holy Lance, alleged (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Holy Sepulchre (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii)

  Honorius III, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Hospitallers, Order of St John (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx)